CN114589782A - Bamboo unfolding plate based winding forming beam column and beam column manufacturing method - Google Patents
Bamboo unfolding plate based winding forming beam column and beam column manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114589782A CN114589782A CN202210211452.9A CN202210211452A CN114589782A CN 114589782 A CN114589782 A CN 114589782A CN 202210211452 A CN202210211452 A CN 202210211452A CN 114589782 A CN114589782 A CN 114589782A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/0086—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by connecting using glue
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/30—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts being composed of two or more materials; Composite steel and concrete constructions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate and a beam column manufacturing method, and belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization. The bamboo flattening plate comprises a plurality of bamboo flattening plates spliced along the length direction, and the end surfaces of the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are matched and connected; the bamboo flattening plates are connected with the bamboo yellow surface of the bamboo unfolding plate in a splicing mode, and the bamboo flattening plates are connected with the bamboo yellow surface of the bamboo unfolding plate in a splicing mode. The invention can effectively improve the rigidity, strength, deflection and bamboo utilization rate of the beam column, reduce the use amount of the adhesive, improve the added value of products, and flexibly control the diameter of the bamboo flattening beam column or the length, width and height of the beam column according to the requirement of a building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization, and particularly relates to a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate and a beam column manufacturing method.
Background
The raw bamboo material is natural, has natural texture, beautiful color, short growth period and regeneration, has excellent mechanical property, and has hollow growth characteristics and thin wall, so that the raw bamboo material is difficult to directly obtain a plate with larger size by a sawing or cutting mode. In the building field, most of the applications are mainly made of round bamboo materials, and natural round bamboos are limited in size, have sharpening degree and poor in axial rigidity and cannot meet the requirements of some buildings on the size and the strength of beams and columns.
The existing 3 rd generation bamboo flattening technology can enable the surface of bamboo chips to be unfolded without damage, and pretreatment such as green removing, yellow removing, inner joint removing and the like is not needed for a bamboo tube, so that the natural color texture of bamboo is effectively retained, the apparent quality of a bamboo flattening plate is maintained, and the longitudinal rigidity of the bamboo is improved. Meanwhile, the bamboo flattening plate is easy to produce large-size plates through width splicing, and the production and the use are gradually wide.
Along with the development of society and the higher and higher requirements of people on ecology and environmental protection, the requirements on environment-friendly materials such as wood and bamboo are continuously increased, the bamboo is rich in resources in China, grows rapidly, has better unidirectional strength than wood, and has great application potential in buildings. According to the research of the northeast university of forestry, Guo nan et al: the bending resistance of the 1-3-layer glued bamboo-wood beam is improved by 16.8% -45.9% compared with pure wood gluing, the bending resistance, the flexibility and the rigidity of the bamboo are superior to those of the wood, the bearing capacity is also linearly improved along with the increase of the thickness of the plate, and a beam column formed by the multi-layer wound bamboo flattening plates is incomparable with the wood. According to the research of Sujie et al, university of technology of the south China forestry: keeping the cross section of the beam the same, and sequentially enhancing the bending rigidity of the beam with a layer of bamboo boards arranged at the upper and lower parts, a layer of bamboo boards arranged at the bottom layer and no bamboo board arranged at the bottom layer; the bamboo boards are arranged identically, and the thickness of the cross section of the beam is changed, so that the overall bending rigidity of the glued bamboo beam is obviously enhanced, which means that the thickness of the cross section is increased, and the bending strength of the bamboo flattening beam can be effectively enhanced. In summary, the bamboo flattening beam has more advantages than wood in all aspects of strength in the aspect of building application, and can be conveniently adjusted and controlled.
However, due to the limitations of bamboo materials in connection, component combination mode, round bamboo material size and the like, the processing technology is limited, so that the bamboo materials are difficult to adapt to the building use requirements of larger bearing and larger span.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, round bamboos are poor in transverse rigidity and irregular in shape and are difficult to adapt to the requirements of load-bearing and large-span building use occasions, the invention provides a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate and a beam column manufacturing method; through the design of the splicing mode and the grooving bending of the bamboo unfolding plates, the bamboo unfolding plates are wound to form the beam column, so that the problems that the circular bamboo is poor in transverse rigidity and irregular in shape and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of load-bearing and large-span building use occasions are effectively solved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a beam column formed by winding bamboo unfolding plates, which comprises a plurality of bamboo unfolding plates spliced along the length direction, wherein the end surfaces of the adjacent bamboo unfolding plates are connected in a matching way; the bamboo flattening plates are connected with the bamboo yellow surface of the bamboo unfolding plate in a splicing mode, and the bamboo flattening plates are connected with the bamboo yellow surface of the bamboo unfolding plate in a splicing mode.
Preferably, the beam column is a hollow tubular structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the beam column comprises a circular ring or a rectangular ring.
Preferably, the end surfaces between the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are mutually matched inclined surfaces.
Further preferably, when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate exceeds 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 30-60 degrees; when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is below 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 15-45 degrees, so that the bonding strength of two adjacent bamboo flattening plates is ensured, and the material waste caused by the inclined plane machining is reduced as much as possible.
Preferably, the groove comprises a V-shaped groove, and two inclined planes of the V-shaped groove can be matched through bending the bamboo flattening plate so as to ensure that the bamboo flattening plate is tightly closed after being wound.
Preferably, the ratio of the depth of the V-shaped groove to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is (1-8): 10, the opening width of the V-shaped groove is 1 mm-10 mm, so as to improve the flexibility of the bamboo spreading plate during winding and lamination and maintain the strength of the bamboo spreading plate.
Preferably, the V-shaped grooves are provided in plurality, and the interval between two adjacent V-shaped grooves is not less than 3 cm.
Preferably, when the cross section of the beam column is in a rectangular ring shape, at least 3V-shaped grooves are arranged at the corner of the beam column, namely the bending part of the bamboo unfolding plate, and the sum of the angles of the V-shaped grooves at the bending part is 85-95 degrees; when the cross section of the beam column is in a circular ring shape, if the radius of the cross section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is located is less than 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is 3 cm-10 cm; if the radius of the section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is located is larger than or equal to 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is larger than or equal to 8 cm.
Preferably, the wall cavity ratio of the beam column is more than or equal to 1: 5, ensuring the integral rigidity of the beam column, wherein the wall cavity ratio is the ratio of the wall thickness to the size of the inner cavity; when the cross section of the beam column is in a circular ring shape, the wall thickness is the difference value between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the beam column, and the size of the inner cavity is the inner diameter of the beam column; when the cross section of the beam column is in a rectangular ring shape, the wall thickness is the difference value between the external length of the beam column and the length of the inner hole, and the size of the inner cavity is the width of the inner hole.
The beam column manufacturing method is characterized in that bamboo flattening plates are spliced along the length direction, grooves are formed in bamboo yellow surfaces along the length direction, adhesives are coated on the bamboo yellow surfaces and the grooves, and the spliced and grooved bamboo flattening plates are wound and laminated into a columnar structure to form the beam column.
Preferably, a reinforcing material is partially or completely adhered to the tabasheer surface of the bamboo flattening plate, the reinforcing material comprises glass fiber and/or carbon fiber, and the integral strength of the bamboo flattening beam column can be improved through the adhesion reinforcing material.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the bamboo-unfolding-plate-based winding-formed beam column, the original characteristics of round bamboos are kept, the beam column can be widened in a large size, the limitations that the round bamboos are irregular in shape and small in size are solved, the requirements of environmental protection and bearing in a building can be met to a great extent, the rigidity, the strength and the deflection of the beam column can be effectively improved compared with a cylinder, the material utilization rate can be effectively improved compared with a bamboo-piece integrated material and the like, the use amount of an adhesive is reduced, the added value of a product is improved, and the diameter of the bamboo-unfolding-plate-based beam column or the length, width and height of the beam column can be flexibly controlled according to the needs of the building.
(2) According to the beam column manufacturing method, the bamboo flattening plates can be spliced along the length direction, and then the beam column with high strength and rigidity can be formed by bending and winding the bamboo flattening plates in a large size and a large angle through the grooves, so that the problem that the mechanical property of the round bamboo and bamboo chip integrated material is poor is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rectangular cross-sectional beam of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the splicing and grooving of the bamboo flattening plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a beam of the present invention having a circular cross-section;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a beam of the present invention having a circular cross-section;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced, and in which features of the invention are identified by reference numerals. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is presented for purposes of illustration only and not limitation to describe the features and characteristics of the invention, to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention, and to sufficiently enable one skilled in the art to practice the invention. It will, however, be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and any such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as described herein. Furthermore, the background is intended to be illustrative of the state of the art as developed and the meaning of the present technology and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or the application and field of application of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate, which is formed by splicing, pre-grooving and gluing the bamboo unfolding plate serving as a basic unit and winding the bamboo unfolding plate into a cylindrical or square column, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) presetting the wall cavity ratio and the size specification of the bamboo flattening beam column:
the wall cavity ratio of the bamboo flattening beam column is more than or equal to 1: and 5, ensuring the integral rigidity of the bamboo flattening beam column. According to the use requirement, the beam column cross section has two basic shapes: rectangular and circular. The cross section of the rectangular beam column can be rectangular or square, and when the cross section is rectangular, the inner diameter of the cavity is calculated by the long side, as shown in figure 1. The inner diameter of the cavity of the circular beam column is the inner diameter of the cavity after the circular beam column is curled and wound, and the wall thickness is the whole thickness after the circular beam column is curled and wound, namely 2 times of the thickness of any bamboo unfolding plate after lamination.
And determining the radius, the number of winding turns and the height of the bamboo flattening beam column according to the use requirement.
If the wall cavity ratio is less than the value, the basic rigidity and the bearing capacity of the beam column are influenced, the sections with different shapes are required by different scenes, and the required rigidity can be met by the rectangular column and the cylinder.
2) Splicing width:
the bamboo exhibition flat board is pieced together wide, is spliced along length direction along width direction: and (3) performing mutual fit beveling on the splicing parts of the end parts of two adjacent bamboo flattening plates, wherein the inclination angle of the beveling surface is controlled to be 10-60 degrees, and the actual inclination angle is controlled according to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate: when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate exceeds 4mm, the inclination angle of the inclined plane is 30-60 degrees, and when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is below 4mm, the inclination angle of the inclined plane is 15-45 degrees, so that the bonding strength of two adjacent bamboo flattening plates is ensured, and the material waste caused by inclined plane processing is reduced as much as possible (as shown in figure 2).
The width splicing is to meet the requirement of the multilayer winding of the bamboo flattening beam column, the inclined plane inclination angle is smaller than 10 degrees or larger than 60 degrees when the width splicing is carried out, the interface is too thin and is easy to break, and the length of the inclined plane width splicing is not too long according to the thicknesses of different plates.
3) Pre-grooving:
grooving the bamboo flattening plate after being widened, wherein the notch is in a V-shaped groove shape, and the chamfered gluing and splicing part is avoided as much as possible during grooving (as shown in figure 2). The depth of the V-shaped grooves is 1/10-4/5 of the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate, the opening width of the V-shaped grooves is 1-10 mm, and the interval between every two adjacent V-shaped grooves is larger than or equal to 1cm, so that the flexibility of the bamboo flattening plate during winding and laminating is improved, and the strength of the bamboo flattening plate is kept. According to the beam column shape, be circular ring cross-section beam column and rectangular ring cross-section beam column respectively, it is different to bamboo exhibition flat plate fluting form requirement:
when the cross section of the bamboo flattening beam column is a circular ring, avoiding the joint of the bamboo flattening plate widening, pre-grooving according to the radius of the beam column cross section position where the bamboo flattening plate is curled, and when the radius of the beam column cross section where the bamboo flattening plate is located is less than 10cm, grooving intervals of the V-shaped grooves are between 3cm and 10 cm; when the radius of the section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is located is larger than 10cm, the interval of the grooves of the V-shaped grooves is more than or equal to 8cm, so that the bamboo flattening plate is easy to wind and form (as shown in figures 3 and 4).
When the cross section of the bamboo flattening beam column is a rectangular ring, the joint of the bamboo flattening plate widening is avoided, and pre-grooving is carried out according to the position of the beam column cross section where the bamboo flattening plate is curled. At the position of the bamboo flattening plate close to the corner of the rectangular ring, not less than 3V-shaped grooves which have the total angle of 90 degrees and are symmetrically distributed along the center of the corner are formed to ensure the bending forming precision of the corner (as shown in figure 1).
The pre-grooving is a key step for ensuring that the beam column can be bent into a square column shape or a cylindrical shape, when the cross section of the bamboo-flattened beam column is a rectangular ring, each layer needs to be bent for three times, at least 3V-shaped grooves which are about 90 degrees in angle sum and are symmetrically distributed along the center of the corner are formed in the corner of the rectangular cross section, so that the corner is accurately bent, and otherwise, the problems of faults, incapability of splicing, incapability of laminating adjacent layers and the like can occur. When the cross section of the bamboo flattening beam column is a circular ring, the number of the grooves needs to be increased, but the required accuracy is lower than that of the beam column with the rectangular cross section.
4) Winding and forming
And coating an adhesive in the opened V-shaped groove, then performing curling and winding, and coating the adhesive between two bamboo unfolding plates (bamboo yellow surfaces) which are mutually attached so as to ensure the stability of the bamboo flattening beam column.
The beam column manufactured by flattening the bamboo is superior to the circular bamboo and the bamboo flattening plate in mechanical property, and can be widely applied to an assembled beam column structure due to the regular shape and the unlimited size.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a roll forming beam column based on a bamboo exhibition flat plate, which is used for a square section column for indoor support of a library, plays a role in bearing, and has the length, width and height of 800 x 4000 (mm). The method comprises the following steps of taking a bamboo flattening plate as a basic unit, splicing width, pre-grooving, gluing, and winding into a square column to form a novel structural material, namely a square bamboo flattening beam column, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) presetting the wall cavity ratio and the size specification of the bamboo flattening column: the height 4000mm, width and length of the square column required by the indoor building are all 800mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the square column is set as 1: 1, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the inner diameter of a cavity of the square column is 400mm, and the wall thickness of the wound single side is 200mm, namely, the bamboo flattening plate needs to be wound by at least 20 layers.
(2) Gluing and widening the bamboo flattening plate: the bamboo flattening plates with the thickness of 10mm and the beveling angle of the splicing surfaces of 30 degrees are adopted, so that smooth splicing among the bamboo flattening plates is ensured. And (3) coating an adhesive on the oblique cutting plane, splicing the bamboo flattening plates with the width being more than or equal to 48000mm (the length of the bamboo flattening plate required by winding 20 layers and reserving the oblique cutting splicing length) and the height being 4000 mm.
(3) Pre-grooving of the bamboo flattening plate: and avoiding the widening joint of the bamboo flattening plate, and pre-grooving according to the position of the beam column section where the curled bamboo flattening plate is located.
At the position, close to the corner of the rectangular ring, of the bamboo flattening plate, three continuous V-shaped grooves which are close to each other are formed in the bamboo flattening plate at intervals of 400mm and perpendicular to the flattening plate, the opening angles of the three continuous V-shaped grooves are respectively 25 degrees, 40 degrees and 25 degrees, the total angle is 90 degrees, the V-shaped grooves are symmetrically distributed along the center of the corner, the distance between the three continuous notches is 10mm, and the depth is 8 mm.
And after the first 9 notches are opened, winding to form a first inner layer. And then, adding 10mm of circular slotting on the basis of the last interval value every time one layer is added. For example, the second layer is provided with grooves at intervals of 410mm, the third layer is provided with three grooves at intervals of 420mm, and the process is repeated until all corner notches are machined.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plates after the grooving process is finished, and coating an adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plates to ensure that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and avoiding coating adhesive on the 3 innermost sides (tabasheer surfaces of the cavities). And then fixing the mixture by a clamp, and placing the mixture in a cool and ventilated place with proper temperature and humidity for shaping.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a based on dull and stereotyped coiling shaping beam column of bamboo exhibition for the round section post of tea house indoor support plays the bearing effect, and its diameter is 800mm, and the height is 4000 mm. The method comprises the following steps of taking a bamboo flattening plate as a basic unit, splicing width, pre-grooving, gluing, and winding into a cylinder to form a novel structural material, namely a circular bamboo flattening beam column, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) presetting the wall cavity ratio and the size specification of the bamboo flattening column: the height of the circular column required by the indoor building is 4000mm, the diameter is 800mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the circular column is set as 1: 1, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the inner diameter of a cylindrical cavity is 400mm, and the wall thickness of one side after winding is 200mm, namely, the bamboo flattening plate needs to be wound by at least 20 layers.
(2) Splicing and widening the bamboo flattening plate by glue: the thickness of a single bamboo flattening plate is 10mm, the beveling angle of two plates is 30 degrees, smooth splicing between the plates is guaranteed, adhesive is coated on the beveling surface, the splicing width length is more than or equal to 37680mm (the length of 20 layers of winding and beveling is reserved, the required length of the bamboo flattening plate is needed), and the height of the bamboo flattening plate is 4000 mm.
(3) Pre-grooving of the bamboo flattening plate: starting from one end of the bamboo flattening plate after width splicing is finished, when the radius of the section of the circular beam where the bamboo flattening plate is located is 200-300 mm, V-shaped grooves with the interval of 10cm are formed continuously on the circular beam away from a joint of the width splicing, and when the radius of the section of the circular beam where the bamboo flattening plate is located is 300-400 mm, V-shaped grooves with the interval of 12cm are formed continuously on the circular beam away from the joint of the width splicing. The opening angle of the V-shaped groove is 60 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 8 mm.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plates after the grooving process is finished, and coating an adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plates to ensure that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and avoiding gluing the innermost circle (tabasheer surface of the cavity). And then fixing the mixture by a clamp, and placing the mixture in a cool and ventilated place with proper temperature and humidity for shaping.
Example 3
This embodiment provides a based on dull and stereotyped coiling shaping beam column of bamboo exhibition for the indoor circular cross section post that supports the connection of wayside pavilion plays the bearing effect, and its diameter is 400mm, and length is 3000 mm. The method comprises the following steps of taking a bamboo flattening plate as a basic unit, splicing width, pre-grooving, gluing, and winding into a cylinder to form a novel structural material, namely a circular bamboo flattening beam column, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) presetting the wall cavity ratio and the size specification of the bamboo flattening column: the height of the circular column required by the indoor building is 3000mm, the diameter is 400mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the circular column is set as 1: 1, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the inner diameter of a cylindrical cavity is 200mm, and the wall thickness of the wound single side is 100mm, namely, the bamboo flattening plate needs to be wound by at least 10 layers.
(2) Gluing and widening the bamboo flattening plate: the bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm and the beveling angle of 30 degrees is adopted to ensure the smooth splicing of the plates, the beveling surface is coated with an adhesive, the splicing width length is more than or equal to 9420mm (the length of the bamboo flattening plate required by winding 20 layers and reserving the beveling length), and the length is 3000 mm.
(3) Pre-grooving of the bamboo flattening plate: starting from one end of the bamboo flattening plate after width splicing is finished, when the radius of the section of a circular beam where the bamboo flattening plate is located is 100-150 mm, avoiding the joint of the width splicing, and continuously forming V-shaped grooves with the interval of 8 cm; when the radius of the section of the circular beam where the bamboo flattening plate is located is 150-200 mm, the splicing width joint is avoided, and V-shaped structures with the interval of 10cm are continuously opened. The opening angle of the V-shaped groove is 60 degrees, and the depth of the V-shaped groove is 8 mm.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plates after the grooving process is finished, and coating an adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plates to ensure that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and avoiding gluing the innermost circle (tabasheer surface of the cavity). And then fixing the mixture by a clamp, and placing the mixture in a cool and ventilated place with proper temperature and humidity for shaping.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a beam column based on a bamboo expansion plate, which is used for connecting and supporting a rectangular section beam in a library room, and has the length, width and height of 4000 x 500 x 400 (mm). The method comprises the following steps of taking a bamboo flattening plate as a basic unit, splicing width, pre-grooving, gluing, and winding into a square column to form a novel structural material, namely a rectangular bamboo flattening beam column, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) presetting the wall cavity ratio and the size specification of the bamboo flattening column: the length of the rectangular beam required by the indoor building is 3000mm, the width is 500mm, and the height is 400mm, namely the long side of the rectangular section is 500mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the rectangular column is defined as 1: 1, calculating the wall thickness according to the size of the long side of the rectangular column, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the total wall thickness of the rectangular column is 250mm, the wall thickness of a single side is 125mm, taking the integral multiple of the thickness of the single-layer bamboo flattening plate, namely 130mm, the wall thickness of the single side after winding is 130mm, namely at least 13 layers of bamboo flattening plates need to be wound, the long side of the inner diameter of a cavity is 240mm, the inner diameter of the short side is 140mm,
(2) splicing and widening the bamboo flattening plate by glue: the bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm and the beveling angle of 30 degrees is adopted to ensure the smooth splicing of the plates, the beveling surface is coated with an adhesive, the splicing width is more than or equal to 16640mm (the length of the bamboo flattening plate required by winding 13 layers and reserving the beveling length), and the length is 3000 mm.
(3) Pre-grooving the bamboo flattening plate: avoiding the widening joint of the bamboo flattening plate, pre-grooving at intervals of 240mm and 140mm according to the beam column cross section position of the curled bamboo flattening plate from one end, and forming three continuous V-shaped grooves which are symmetrically distributed along the center of a corner part at the position of the bamboo flattening plate close to the corner part of the rectangular ring, wherein the opening angles of the three continuous V-shaped grooves are respectively 25 degrees, 40 degrees and 25 degrees, the total angle is 90 degrees, the distance between three continuous notches is 10mm, and the depth is 8mm, so that the corner part bending forming precision is ensured.
After the first inner layer is formed by winding, 10mm of circular grooving is added on the basis of the last interval value every time one layer is added. For example, the second layer is provided with three grooves spaced by 250mm, three grooves spaced by 150mm and a third groove spaced by 250mm, and the process is repeated until all corner notches are machined.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plates subjected to the grooving process, and coating an adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plate to ensure that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and avoiding coating adhesive on the innermost 3 surfaces (tabasheer surfaces of the cavities). Then fixing the mixture by a clamp, and placing the mixture in a place which is cool, ventilated and suitable for temperature and humidity to be shaped.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate, the cross section of the beam column is circular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 3, and the main difference is as follows:
1) the wall cavity ratio is 1: 5, diameter of 250mm and span of 1000 mm.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a roll-formed beam column based on bamboo exhibition flat board, and the cross section is circular, and its structure and manufacturing method are the same basically with embodiment 5, and the main difference lies in:
1) the wall cavity ratio is 1: 10.
the circular beam column obtained in the example 5 and the circular beam column obtained in the comparative example 1 are subjected to a deflection test under the same load (1200N), and the deflection values of the front and the rear are 4mm and 7mm respectively. According to the design specification of the wood structure, the deflection limit of the floor beam is l/250, namely 4mm, and the wall cavity ratio of 1 in comparative example 1 is as follows: the 10 beam column exceeds the limit and does not meet the use requirement. Therefore, the wall cavity ratio design is carried out on the beam column formed by winding the bamboo unfolding plate, so that the deflection of the beam column can be reasonably reduced, the bending rigidity of the beam column in actual use is improved, and the use requirement is met.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the main difference is as follows:
1) the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 4mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 15 degrees.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a roll-formed beam column based on bamboo exhibition flat board, and the cross section is the rectangle, and its structure and manufacturing method are the same basically with embodiment 6, and the main difference lies in:
1) the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 4mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 60 degrees.
The rectangular beam column obtained in example 6 and comparative example 2 are respectively placed in water at room temperature for soaking for 36h, then placed in a constant-temperature drying oven at 40 ℃ for drying for 18h, and the cracking condition of the bonding surface is measured and expressed by the percentage of the stripping length to the total length of the bonding layer. The stability of the beam column is evaluated according to the GB/T18103-2013 standard, and the standard requirements are as follows: the accumulated length of the glue stripping of any glue layer on any side does not exceed 1/3 of the length of the glue layer, and 5 test pieces in 6 test pieces are qualified. The result shows that the impregnation stripping rate of the former is 10 percent and can meet the requirement of the bonding strength performance of the artificial board, and the impregnation stripping rate of the latter is 35 percent due to small effective gluing area, which indicates that the loose cracking degree of the spliced bamboo exhibition plate after impregnation is higher and the requirement of the bonding strength performance of the artificial board can not be met. Therefore, the beam column is formed by winding the bamboo flattening plate, the angle of the splicing inclined plane is designed according to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate, the dipping and stripping rate of the beam column can be effectively reduced, and the use stability of the beam column is improved.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the main difference is as follows:
1) the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 10mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 45 degrees.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a roll-formed beam column based on bamboo exhibition flat board, and the cross section is the rectangle, and its structure and manufacturing method are the same basically with embodiment 7, and the main difference lies in:
1) the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 10mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 10 degrees.
The rectangular beam column obtained in example 7 and comparative example 3 are respectively placed in water at room temperature for soaking for 36h, then placed in a constant temperature drying oven at 40 ℃ for drying for 18h, and the cracking condition of the bonding surface is measured and expressed by the percentage of the stripping length to the total length of the bonding layer. The results show that the impregnation stripping rates of the front and the rear parts are respectively 12% and 10%, which can meet the requirement of the bonding strength performance of the artificial board, but the bonding material used in the comparative example 3 is much more than that used in the former bamboo flattening splice plate with the inclination angle of 45 degrees because the inclination angle is too small and the area required by each splice joint is 4.67 times that of the bamboo flattening splice plate with the inclination angle of 10 degrees. Therefore, the design of the inclined plane inclination angle of the invention not only can improve the use stability of the beam column, but also can reduce the waste of raw materials.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a beam column formed by winding a bamboo unfolding plate, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the main difference is as follows:
1) and 3V-shaped grooves with angles of 30 degrees are formed at the corner of the rectangular ring in a folding mode.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a roll-formed beam column based on bamboo exhibition flat board, and the cross section is the rectangle, and its structure and manufacturing method are the same with embodiment 8 basically, and the main difference lies in:
1) and the corner of the rectangular ring is provided with 1V-shaped groove with 90 degrees.
According to the grooving method of the embodiment 8 and the comparative example 4, the beam column is prepared by winding for multiple times respectively, the rejection rate of the latter is higher than that of the former by more than 30%, probably because the grooving depth of the latter needs to be very large to realize bending, bamboo fiber is easy to tear, meanwhile, the grooving position precision requirement is extremely high due to the small grooving quantity, and if deviation occurs in the position, no adjusting space exists, so that the success rate of preparing the beam column is low.
The invention has been described in detail hereinabove with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. It will, however, be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and any such modifications and variations, if any, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as described herein. Furthermore, the background is intended to be illustrative of the state of the art as developed and the meaning of the present technology and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or the application and field of application of the invention.
More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described herein, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all embodiments modified, omitted, combined, e.g., between various embodiments, adapted and/or substituted, as would be recognized by those skilled in the art from the foregoing detailed description. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the descriptions and examples given above.
Claims (11)
1. A beam column formed on the basis of winding of bamboo flattening plates is characterized by comprising a plurality of bamboo flattening plates spliced along the length direction, wherein the end surfaces of the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are connected in a matched mode; the bamboo flattening plates are connected with the bamboo yellow surface of the bamboo unfolding plate in a splicing mode, and the bamboo flattening plates are connected with the bamboo yellow surface of the bamboo unfolding plate in a splicing mode.
2. The bamboo unfolding plate based winding forming beam column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the beam column is a hollow tubular structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the beam column comprises a circular ring or a rectangular ring.
3. The bamboo flattening plate-based winding forming beam column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end surfaces between adjacent bamboo flattening plates are mutually matched inclined surfaces.
4. The bamboo unfolding plate based winding forming beam column as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the thickness of the bamboo unfolding plate exceeds 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo unfolding plate is 30-60 degrees; when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is below 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 15-45 degrees.
5. The bamboo flattening plate based roll forming beam column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grooves comprise V-shaped grooves, and two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped grooves can be matched by bending the bamboo flattening plate.
6. The bamboo unfolding plate based winding forming beam column as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ratio of the depth of the V-shaped groove to the thickness of the bamboo unfolding plate is (1-8): 10, the opening width of the V-shaped groove is 1 mm-10 mm.
7. The bamboo exhibition plate-based winding forming beam column is characterized in that a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed, and the interval between every two adjacent V-shaped grooves is not less than 3 cm.
8. The bamboo exhibition flat plate-based winding forming beam column is characterized in that when the cross section of the beam column is in a rectangular ring shape, no less than 3V-shaped grooves are arranged at the corner of the beam column, and the sum of the angles of the V-shaped grooves at the bending position is 85-95 degrees;
when the cross section of the beam column is in a circular ring shape, if the radius of the cross section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is located is less than 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is 3 cm-10 cm; if the radius of the section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is located is larger than or equal to 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is larger than or equal to 8 cm.
9. The bamboo unfolding plate based winding forming beam column as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wall cavity ratio of the beam column is greater than or equal to 1: 5, the wall cavity ratio is the ratio of the wall thickness to the size of the inner cavity;
when the cross section of the beam column is in a circular ring shape, the wall thickness is the difference value between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the beam column, and the size of the inner cavity is the inner diameter of the beam column;
when the cross section of the beam column is in a rectangular ring shape, the wall thickness is the difference value between the external length of the beam column and the length of the inner hole, and the size of the inner cavity is the length of the inner hole.
10. A beam column manufacturing method based on bamboo unfolding plates and formed by winding is characterized in that bamboo unfolding plates are spliced along the length direction, grooves are formed in bamboo yellow surfaces along the length direction, adhesives are coated on the bamboo yellow surfaces and the grooves, and the spliced and grooved bamboo unfolding plates are wound and laminated into a cylindrical structure to form the beam column.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the bamboo spreader plate is provided with reinforcing material partially or wholly adhered to the bamboo mat surface, the reinforcing material comprising glass fibres and/or carbon fibres.
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| JP2000309002A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-11-07 | Mitsumasa Mori | Method for processing plane plate of bamboo material |
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