CN114589782B - Bamboo flattening plate-based winding forming beam column and beam column manufacturing method - Google Patents
Bamboo flattening plate-based winding forming beam column and beam column manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114589782B CN114589782B CN202210211452.9A CN202210211452A CN114589782B CN 114589782 B CN114589782 B CN 114589782B CN 202210211452 A CN202210211452 A CN 202210211452A CN 114589782 B CN114589782 B CN 114589782B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/0086—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by connecting using glue
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/30—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts being composed of two or more materials; Composite steel and concrete constructions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beam column formed by winding a bamboo flattening plate and a beam column manufacturing method, and belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization. The bamboo flattening plates are spliced along the length direction, and the end surfaces of the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are matched and connected; grooves are formed in the tabasheer surface of the bamboo flattening plate, the grooves can be matched by bending the bamboo flattening plates to one side of the tabasheer surface, and a plurality of spliced bamboo flattening plates are wound and laminated to one side of the tabasheer surface to form a beam column. The invention can effectively improve the rigidity, strength, deflection and bamboo utilization rate of the beam and column, reduce the use amount of the adhesive, improve the added value of products, and flexibly control the diameter of the bamboo flattened beam and column or the length, width and height of the beam and column according to the building requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing and utilization, and particularly relates to a beam column formed by winding a bamboo flattening plate and a beam column manufacturing method.
Background
The raw bamboo material is natural in source, natural in texture, attractive in color, short in growth period, renewable, and excellent in mechanical property, and the growth characteristics of the raw bamboo material such as hollowness and thin wall are realized, so that the raw bamboo material is difficult to directly obtain a plate with a large size through sawing or cutting. In the building field, most of the application is mainly made of round bamboo materials, but natural round bamboo has limited size, sharp degree and poor axial rigidity, and cannot meet the requirements of some buildings on the size and strength of the beam column.
The existing 3 rd generation bamboo flattening technology can lead the surface of the bamboo sheet to be unfolded without damage, does not need to pretreat the bamboo tube for removing green, yellow, inner joints and the like, not only effectively reserves natural color and texture of the bamboo, keeps the apparent quality of the bamboo flattening plate, but also improves the longitudinal rigidity of the bamboo. Meanwhile, the bamboo flattening plate is easy to produce large-size plates through widening, and the production and the use are gradually wide.
Along with the development of society and the increasing demands of people on ecology and environmental protection, the demands on environment-friendly materials such as wood and bamboo are continuously increased, and the bamboo has rich resources in China, rapid growth, better unidirectional strength than wood and great application potential in construction. According to the research of the northeast forestry university Guo Nan et al: the bending resistance of the 1-3 layers of glued bamboo-wood beams is improved by 16.8% -45.9% compared with that of pure wood, the bending resistance, deflection and rigidity of the bamboo are all superior to those of the wood, and the bearing capacity is also linearly improved along with the increase of the thickness of the board, so that the beam column formed by the multi-layer wound bamboo flattening boards is incomparable with the wood. According to the research of the university of forestry science and technology Su Jie et al in the middle south: the beam sections are kept the same, a layer of bamboo boards are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part, a layer of bamboo boards are arranged at the bottom layer, and the bending rigidity of the beam without the bamboo boards is sequentially enhanced; the bamboo boards are arranged identically, and the overall bending rigidity of the glued bamboo beam is obviously enhanced by changing the section thickness of the beam, which means that the bending strength of the bamboo flattening beam can be effectively enhanced by increasing the section thickness. In the comprehensive view, the bamboo flattening Liang Zaijian has greater advantages than wood in the aspects of building application and strength in all aspects, and can be conveniently adjusted and controlled.
However, due to the limitations of bamboo in connection, component combination modes, round bamboo material size and other aspects, the processing technology has certain limitations, so that the bamboo is difficult to adapt to the use requirements of buildings with larger bearing and larger span.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems that circular bamboo in the prior art has poor transverse rigidity and irregular shape and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of building use occasions with larger bearing and span, the invention provides a beam column and beam column manufacturing method based on winding and forming of a bamboo flattening plate; the bamboo flattening plates are wound to form the beam column by designing the splicing mode and grooving bending of the bamboo flattening plates, so that the problems that round bamboo is poor in transverse rigidity and irregular in shape, and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of building use occasions with large bearing and span are effectively solved.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a beam column formed by winding bamboo flattening plates, which comprises a plurality of bamboo flattening plates spliced along the length direction, wherein the end surfaces of the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are matched and connected; grooves are formed in the tabasheer surface of the bamboo flattening plate, the grooves can be matched by bending the bamboo flattening plates to one side of the tabasheer surface, and a plurality of spliced bamboo flattening plates are wound and laminated to one side of the tabasheer surface to form a beam column.
Preferably, the beam column is of a hollow tubular structure, and the cross section comprises a circular ring or a rectangular ring.
Preferably, the end surfaces between adjacent bamboo flattening plates are mutually matched inclined surfaces.
Further preferably, when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate exceeds 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 30-60 degrees; when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is below 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 15-45 degrees, so that the bonding strength of two adjacent bamboo flattening plates is ensured, and meanwhile, the material waste caused by inclined plane processing is reduced as much as possible.
Preferably, the groove comprises a V-shaped groove, and two inclined planes of the V-shaped groove can be matched by bending the bamboo flattening plate, so that the bamboo flattening plate is tightly closed after being wound.
Preferably, the ratio of the depth of the V-shaped groove to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is (1-8): 10, the opening width of the V-shaped groove is 1 mm-10 mm, so that the flexibility of the bamboo flattening plate is improved when the bamboo flattening plate is wound and laminated, and the strength of the bamboo flattening plate is kept.
Preferably, the V-shaped grooves are provided in plurality, and the interval between two adjacent V-shaped grooves is not less than 3cm.
Preferably, when the cross section of the beam column is a rectangular ring, at least 3V-shaped grooves are arranged at the corners of the beam column, namely at the bending positions of the bamboo flattening plate, and the sum of the angles of the V-shaped grooves at the bending positions is 85-95 degrees; when the cross section of the beam column is circular, if the radius of the cross section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is smaller than 10cm, the V-shaped groove slotting interval is between 3cm and 10 cm; if the radius of the beam column section where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is more than or equal to 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is more than or equal to 8cm.
Preferably, the wall cavity ratio of the beam column is equal to or more than 1:5, ensuring the overall rigidity of the beam column, wherein the wall cavity ratio is the ratio of the wall thickness to the inner cavity size; when the cross section of the beam column is a circular ring, the wall thickness is the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the beam column, and the size of the inner cavity is the inner diameter of the beam column; when the cross section of the beam column is a rectangular ring, the wall thickness is the difference between the outer length of the beam column and the length of the inner hole, and the size of the inner hole is the width of the inner hole.
The invention relates to a beam column manufacturing method, which is characterized in that the beam column is formed by winding bamboo flattening plates, the bamboo flattening plates are spliced in the length direction, grooves are formed in the tabasheer surface in the length direction, adhesive is coated on the tabasheer surface and the grooves, and the bamboo flattening plates after splicing and grooving are wound and laminated into a columnar structure to form the beam column.
Preferably, part or all of the adhesion reinforcing material on the tabasheer surface of the bamboo flattening plate comprises glass fibers and/or carbon fibers, and the overall strength of the bamboo flattening beam column can be improved through the adhesion reinforcing material.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The beam column based on the winding and forming of the bamboo flattening plate not only maintains the original characteristics of round bamboo, but also can be spliced in large size, solves the limitation of irregular shape and smaller scale of round bamboo, can meet the requirements of environmental protection and bearing in a building to a great extent, can effectively improve the rigidity, strength and flexibility of the beam column compared with a cylinder, can effectively improve the material utilization rate, reduce the use amount of adhesive and improve the added value of products compared with a bamboo sheet integrated material and the like, and flexibly controls the diameter of the bamboo flattening beam column or the length, width and height of the beam column according to the requirements of a building.
(2) According to the beam column manufacturing method, the bamboo flattening plates can be spliced along the length direction, and then the grooves are formed, so that the bamboo flattening plates can be bent and wound in a large size and a large angle to form the beam column with high strength and rigidity, and the problem that the mechanical properties of round bamboo and bamboo sheet laminated materials are poor is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a beam column of rectangular cross-section in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the splice and grooving of the bamboo flattening plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a beam column of circular cross-section in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a beam column of circular cross section in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a beam column according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration exemplary embodiments in which features of the invention are identified by reference numerals. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention's features and characteristics in order to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention and to sufficiently enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. It will be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and if any such modifications and variations are desired to be included within the scope of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the background art is intended to illustrate the status and meaning of the development of the technology and is not intended to limit the invention or the application and field of application of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a beam column based on winding and forming of a bamboo flattening plate, which takes the bamboo flattening plate as a basic unit, performs widening, pre-slotting and gluing, and then winds the bamboo flattening plate into a cylindrical or square column shape to form the beam column based on the bamboo flattening plate, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) Presetting a wall cavity ratio and a dimension specification of a bamboo flattening beam column:
the wall cavity ratio of the bamboo flattening beam column is more than or equal to 1: and 5, ensuring the overall rigidity of the bamboo flattened beam column. According to the use requirement, the beam column cross section has two basic shapes: rectangular and circular. The cross section of the rectangular beam column can be rectangular or square, and when the cross section is rectangular, the cavity inner diameter is calculated by long sides, as shown in fig. 1. The cavity inner diameter of the circular beam column is the cavity inner diameter after the winding, and the wall thickness is the whole thickness after the winding, namely, the thickness of any bamboo flattening plate is 2 times of the thickness after lamination.
And determining the radius, the winding number and the height of the bamboo flattening beam column according to the use requirement.
If the wall cavity ratio is smaller than the value, the basic rigidity and bearing capacity of the beam column can be influenced, the sections with different shapes can meet the requirements of different scenes, and the rectangular column and the cylinder can meet the required rigidity.
2) Width splicing:
the bamboo flattening plates are spliced in the width direction and the length direction: the splicing parts of the end parts of two adjacent bamboo flattening plates are subjected to mutually matched beveling, the inclination angle of the bevel is controlled to be 10-60 degrees, and the actual inclination angle is according to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plates: when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate exceeds 4mm, the inclined plane inclination angle is 30-60 degrees, and when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is below 4mm, the inclined plane inclination angle is 15-45 degrees, so that the material waste caused by inclined plane processing is reduced as much as possible while the bonding strength of two adjacent bamboo flattening plates is ensured (as shown in figure 2).
The width of the splice is required length for meeting multilayer winding of the bamboo flattening beam column, the inclined plane inclination angle is smaller than 10 degrees or larger than 60 degrees when the splice is performed, the joint is too thin and easy to break, and the length of the splice is not too long according to the thickness of different plates.
3) Pre-slotting:
and (3) slotting the bamboo flattening plates after widening, wherein the notch is in a V-shaped groove, and the miter joint is avoided as much as possible during slotting (as shown in figure 2). The depth of the V-shaped grooves is 1/10-4/5 of the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate, the opening width of the V-shaped grooves is 1-10 mm, and the interval between two adjacent V-shaped grooves is more than or equal to 1cm, so that the flexibility of the bamboo flattening plate during winding lamination is improved, and the strength of the bamboo flattening plate is kept. According to beam column shape, respectively be ring section beam column and rectangle ring section beam column, it is different to bamboo flattening board fluting form requirement:
when the cross section of the beam column of the bamboo flattening plate is a circular ring, avoiding the splice joint of the bamboo flattening plate, pre-slotting according to the radius of the beam column cross section position where the bamboo flattening plate is curled, and when the radius of the beam column cross section where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is smaller than 10cm, slotting intervals of the V-shaped slots are between 3cm and 10 cm; when the radius of the beam column section where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is larger than 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is more than or equal to 8cm so as to ensure that the bamboo flattening plate is easy to wind and form (as shown in figures 3 and 4).
When the cross section of the bamboo flattening beam column is a rectangular ring, the joint of the bamboo flattening plate, which is spliced and widened, is avoided, and pre-slotting is carried out according to the position of the cross section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is curled. At the position of the bamboo flattening plate, which is close to the corner of the rectangular ring, V-shaped grooves which are not less than 3 and have the total angle of 90 degrees are formed, and the V-shaped grooves are symmetrically distributed along the center of the corner, so that the corner bending forming precision is ensured (as shown in figure 1).
The pre-slotting is a key step for ensuring that the beam column can be bent into a square column shape or a cylindrical shape, when the cross section of the bamboo flattened beam column is a rectangular ring, each layer needs to be bent for three times, at least 3V-shaped slots with the total angle of about 90 DEG and distributed along the center symmetry of the corners are formed at the corners of the rectangular cross section, so that the corners are ensured to be bent accurately, otherwise, the problems of fault, incapability of splicing, incapability of jointing adjacent layers and the like can occur. When the cross section of the bamboo flattened beam column is a circular ring, the number of grooves needs to be increased, but the required accuracy is lower than that of a beam column with a rectangular cross section.
4) Winding and shaping
And (3) coating an adhesive in the opened V-shaped groove, and then winding in a curling way, wherein the adhesive is also coated between two layers of bamboo flattening plates (tabasheer surfaces) which are mutually adhered to ensure the stability of the bamboo flattening beam column.
The beam column manufactured by the bamboo after flattening has mechanical properties superior to those of round bamboo and bamboo flattening plates, and can be widely applied to assembled beam column structures because the shape is regular and the size is not limited.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a roll forming beam column based on a bamboo flattening plate, which is used for a square section column supported in a library and has a bearing function, and the length, width and height of the beam column are 800 x 4000 (mm). The bamboo flattening board is taken as a basic unit to be spliced, pre-grooved and glued, and then is wound into a square column shape to form a novel structural material, namely a square bamboo flattening beam column, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a wall cavity ratio and a dimension specification of a bamboo flattening column: the height, width and length of the square column required by the indoor building are all 800mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the square column is set as 1:1, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the inner diameter of a square column cavity is 400mm, and the wall thickness of a single side after winding is 200mm, namely the bamboo flattening plate at least needs to be wound with 20 layers.
(2) The bamboo flattening plate is glued and spliced widely: the bamboo flattening plates with the thickness of 10mm and the inclined cutting angle of the splicing surfaces of 30 degrees are adopted, so that the bamboo flattening plates are ensured to be spliced smoothly. The adhesive is coated on the chamfer surface, the splicing width length is more than or equal to 48000mm (the length of the bamboo flattening plate required by winding 20 layers and reserving the chamfer splicing length), and the height of the bamboo flattening plate is 4000mm.
(3) Pre-slotting the bamboo flattening plate: avoiding the splicing and widening joint of the bamboo flattening plate, and pre-slotting according to the cross section position of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is curled.
At the position of the bamboo flattening plate, which is close to the corner of the rectangular ring, three continuous and adjacent V-shaped grooves are formed in the position, which is perpendicular to the flattening plate, of every 400mm, the opening angles of the three continuous V-shaped grooves are 25 degrees, 40 degrees and 25 degrees respectively, the sum of angles is 90 degrees, the V-shaped grooves are symmetrically distributed along the center of the corner, the distance between the three continuous notch is 10mm, and the depth is 8mm.
After the first 9 notches are opened, the first inner layer is formed by winding. And then, every layer is added, 10mm of circulating slotting is added on the basis of the previous interval value. For example, the second layer is slotted at 410mm intervals and the third layer is slotted at 420mm intervals, and the cycle is repeated until all corner slots are machined.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plate after the grooving process, and coating the adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plate, so that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and the innermost 3 surfaces (tabasheer surfaces of the cavity) are free from gluing. Then fixing with a clamp, and placing in a cool and ventilated place suitable for shaping at temperature and humidity.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a roll forming beam column based on bamboo flattening plate for circular section column of indoor support of tea house plays the bearing effect, and its diameter is 800mm, highly is 4000mm. The bamboo flattening board is taken as a basic unit to be spliced, pre-grooved and glued, and then is wound into a cylinder shape to form a novel structural material, namely a circular bamboo flattening beam column, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a wall cavity ratio and a dimension specification of a bamboo flattening column: the required circular column height of this indoor building is 4000mm, diameter is 800mm, with this circular column's wall cavity ratio to 1:1, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the inner diameter of a cylindrical cavity is 400mm, and the wall thickness of a single side after winding is 200mm, namely the bamboo flattening plate is at least required to be wound by 20 layers.
(2) The bamboo flattening plate is glued and spliced widely: the thickness of the single bamboo flattening plate is 10mm, the beveling angle of the two plates is 30 degrees, the plates are ensured to be spliced smoothly, the adhesive is coated on the bevel surface, the splicing width is more than or equal to 37680mm (20 layers of winding and the beveling length is reserved, the length of the bamboo flattening plate is required), and the height of the bamboo flattening plate is 4000mm.
(3) Pre-slotting the bamboo flattening plate: starting from one end of the bamboo flattening plate with the width being spliced, when the radius of the cross section of the round beam where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is 200-300 mm, avoiding the joint of the width being spliced, opening V-shaped grooves with the continuous spacing of 10cm, when the radius of the cross section of the round beam where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is 300-400 mm, avoiding the joint of the width being spliced, and opening V-shapes with the continuous spacing of 12 cm. The opening angle of the V-shaped groove is 60 degrees, and the depth is 8mm.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plate after the grooving process, and coating the adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plate, so that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and the innermost circle (tabasheer surface of the cavity) is free from gluing. Then fixing with a clamp, and placing in a cool and ventilated place suitable for shaping at temperature and humidity.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a roll forming beam column based on bamboo flattening plate for the indoor circular cross section post of supporting connection of wayside pavilion plays the bearing effect, and its diameter is 400mm, and length is 3000mm. The bamboo flattening board is taken as a basic unit to be spliced, pre-grooved and glued, and then is wound into a cylinder shape to form a novel structural material, namely a circular bamboo flattening beam column, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a wall cavity ratio and a dimension specification of a bamboo flattening column: the required circular column height of this indoor building is 3000mm, diameter is 400mm, and the wall cavity ratio of this circular column is 1:1, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the inner diameter of a cylindrical cavity is 200mm, and the wall thickness of a single side after winding is 100mm, namely the bamboo flattening plate is at least required to be wound by 10 layers.
(2) The bamboo flattening plate is glued and spliced widely: the bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm and the beveling angle of 30 degrees is adopted, smooth splicing among the plates is guaranteed, adhesive is coated on the beveling surface, the splicing width length is more than or equal to 9420mm (the length of the bamboo flattening plate required by winding 20 layers and reserving the beveling length), and the length is 3000mm.
(3) Pre-slotting the bamboo flattening plate: starting from one end of the bamboo flattening plate with the width spliced, when the radius of the cross section of the round beam where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is 100-150 mm, avoiding the joint of the width spliced, and opening V-shaped grooves with the continuous spacing of 8 cm; when the radius of the cross section of the circular beam where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is 150-200 mm, the joint of the splice width is avoided, and a V shape with a continuous interval of 10cm is formed. The opening angle of the V-shaped groove is 60 degrees, and the depth is 8mm.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plate after the grooving process, and coating the adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plate, so that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and the innermost circle (tabasheer surface of the cavity) is free from gluing. Then fixing with a clamp, and placing in a cool and ventilated place suitable for shaping at temperature and humidity.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a roll forming beam column based on a bamboo flattening plate, which is used for connecting and supporting a rectangular cross section beam in a library, plays a role in bearing, and has the length, width and height of 4000 x 500 x 400 (mm). The bamboo flattening board is taken as a basic unit to be spliced, pre-grooved and glued, and then is wound into a square column shape to form a novel structural material, namely a rectangular bamboo flattening beam column, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Presetting a wall cavity ratio and a dimension specification of a bamboo flattening column: the length of the rectangular beam required by the indoor building is 3000mm, the width is 500mm and the height is 400mm, namely the long side of the rectangular section is 500mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the rectangular column is 1:1, calculating the wall thickness according to the long side size of a rectangular column, adopting a bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm, wherein the overall wall thickness of the rectangular column is 250mm, the wall thickness of one side is 125mm, taking integral multiple of the thickness of a single-layer bamboo flattening plate, namely 130mm, the wall thickness of one side after winding is 130mm, namely the bamboo flattening plate at least needs to be wound with 13 layers, the long side of the cavity inner diameter is 240mm, the inner diameter of the short side is 140mm,
(2) The bamboo flattening plate is glued and spliced widely: the bamboo flattening plate with the thickness of 10mm and the beveling angle of 30 degrees is adopted, smooth splicing among the plates is guaranteed, adhesive is coated on the beveling surface, the splicing width is more than or equal to 16640mm (the length of the bamboo flattening plate required by winding 13 layers and reserving the beveling length), and the length is 3000mm.
(3) Pre-slotting the bamboo flattening plate: avoiding the width splicing joint of the bamboo flattening plate, beginning from one end, pre-slotting at intervals of 240mm and 140mm according to the section position of a beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is curled, and opening three continuous V-shaped grooves symmetrically distributed along the center of a corner at the position of the bamboo flattening plate near the corner of a rectangular ring, wherein the opening angles of the three continuous V-shaped grooves are 25 degrees, 40 degrees and 25 degrees respectively, the sum of angles is 90 degrees, the distance between the three continuous notch is 10mm, and the depth is 8mm so as to ensure the bending forming precision of the corner.
After the first inner layer is formed by winding, 10mm of circulating grooves are added on the basis of the previous interval value every time one layer is added. For example, the second layer is first grooved with three grooves spaced 250mm apart, then grooved with three grooves spaced 150mm apart, then grooved with a third groove spaced 250mm apart, and so on until all corner notches are machined.
(4) Coating an adhesive, and winding and forming: and coating an adhesive between the notches of the bamboo flattening plate after the grooving process, and coating the adhesive on the tabasheer side of the curled bamboo flattening plate, so that the inner side and the outer side of the winding can be stably connected, and the innermost 3 surfaces (tabasheer surfaces of the cavity) are free from gluing. Then fixing with a clamp, and placing in a cool and ventilated place suitable for shaping at temperature and humidity.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section is circular, the structure and the manufacturing method are basically the same as those of the embodiment 3, and the main difference is that:
1) The wall-to-cavity ratio is 1:5, diameter 250mm, span 1000mm.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section is circular, the structure and the manufacturing method are basically the same as those of the embodiment 5, and the main difference is that:
1) The wall-to-cavity ratio is 1:10.
the round beam column obtained in the embodiment 5 and the comparative example 1 are subjected to deflection test under the same load (1200N), and the deflection values of the round beam column and the round beam column are respectively 4mm and 7mm. According to the wood structural design specification, the deflection limit value of the floor slab beam is l/250, namely 4mm, and the wall cavity ratio of the comparative example 1 is 1: the beam column of 10 exceeds this limit and does not meet the use requirements. Therefore, the wall cavity ratio design is carried out on the beam column formed by winding the bamboo flattening plate, so that the deflection of the beam column can be reasonably reduced, the bending rigidity of the beam column in actual use is improved, and the use requirement is met.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the main difference is that:
1) The thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 4mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 15 degrees.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 6, and the main difference is that:
1) The thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 4mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 60 degrees.
The rectangular beams and columns obtained in the example 6 and the comparative example 2 are respectively placed in water at room temperature for soaking for 36 hours, then are placed in a constant-temperature drying oven at 40 ℃ for drying for 18 hours, and the cracking condition of the bonding surface is measured and expressed as the percentage of the stripping length to the total length of the adhesive layer. The stability of the beam column is evaluated by referring to GB/T18103-2013 standard, and the standard requirements are as follows: and 5 test pieces out of the 6 test pieces with the accumulated length of any glue layer glue opening at any side not exceeding 1/3 of the length of the glue layer are qualified. The result shows that the dipping and peeling rate of the bamboo flattening plate is 10%, the requirement of the artificial board on the bonding strength performance can be met, and the dipping and peeling rate of the bamboo flattening plate is 35% due to the small effective bonding area, so that the spliced bamboo flattening plate is high in loosening and cracking degree after dipping, and the requirement of the artificial board on the bonding strength performance can not be met. Therefore, the invention is based on the winding and forming beam column of the bamboo flattening plate, and the angle of the splicing inclined plane is designed according to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate, so that the dipping and stripping rate of the bamboo flattening plate can be effectively reduced, and the use stability of the beam column is improved.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the main difference is that:
1) The thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 10mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 45 degrees.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 7, and the main difference is that:
1) The thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is 10mm, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 10 degrees.
The rectangular beams and columns obtained in the example 7 and the comparative example 3 are respectively placed in water at room temperature for soaking for 36 hours, then are placed in a constant-temperature drying oven at 40 ℃ for drying for 18 hours, and the cracking condition of the bonding surface is measured and expressed as the percentage of the stripping length to the total length of the adhesive layer. The results show that the dipping stripping rates of the front and the rear are 12% and 10% respectively, and can meet the requirement of the artificial board on the bonding strength performance, but the bamboo flattening jointed board with the inclined plane inclination angle of 10 degrees used in the comparative example 3 has much more bonding materials than the former because the inclination angle is too small and the required area of each joint is 4.67 times of the bamboo flattening jointed board with the inclination angle of 45 degrees. Therefore, the design of the inclined plane inclination angle can not only improve the use stability of the beam column, but also reduce the waste of raw materials.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the main difference is that:
1) At the corners of the rectangular ring, 3V-shaped grooves with the angles of 30 degrees are formed by folding.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a beam column based on winding and forming of bamboo flattening plates, the cross section of the beam column is rectangular, the structure and the manufacturing method of the beam column are basically the same as those of the embodiment 8, and the main difference is that:
1) At the corner of the rectangular ring, 1V-shaped groove with 90 degrees is formed by folding.
According to the invention, the beam column is prepared by winding and forming for multiple times according to the slotting modes of the embodiment 8 and the comparative embodiment 4, and the rejection rate of the latter is found to be more than 30% higher than that of the former, which is probably because the slotting depth of the latter needs to be very large to realize bending, so that bamboo fiber tear is easy to generate, meanwhile, the slotting quantity is relatively small, the requirement on slotting position accuracy is extremely high, and if the position deviates, no adjustment space exists, so that the preparation success rate of the beam column is relatively low.
The invention has been described in detail hereinabove with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. It will be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and if any such modifications and variations are desired to be included within the scope of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the background art is intended to illustrate the status and meaning of the development of the technology and is not intended to limit the invention or the application and field of application of the invention.
More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all embodiments that have been modified, omitted, e.g., combined, adapted, and/or substituted between the various embodiments, as would be recognized by those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing detailed description. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the descriptions and examples given above.
Claims (3)
1. The winding and forming beam column based on the bamboo flattening plates is characterized by comprising a plurality of bamboo flattening plates spliced along the length direction, and the end surfaces of the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are connected in a matched manner; grooves are formed in the tabasheer surface of the bamboo flattening plate, the grooves can be matched by bending the bamboo flattening plates to one side of the tabasheer surface, and a plurality of spliced bamboo flattening plates are wound and laminated to one side of the tabasheer surface to form a beam column; the beam column is of a hollow tubular structure, the cross section of the beam column comprises a circular ring or a rectangular ring, and the wall cavity ratio of the beam column is more than or equal to 1:5, the wall cavity ratio is the ratio of the wall thickness to the size of the inner cavity; when the cross section of the beam column is a circular ring, the wall thickness is the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the beam column, and the size of the inner cavity is the inner diameter of the beam column; when the cross section of the beam column is a rectangular ring, the wall thickness is the difference between the outer length of the beam column and the length of the inner hole, and the size of the inner hole is the length of the inner hole; the end surfaces between the adjacent bamboo flattening plates are mutually matched inclined surfaces; when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate exceeds 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 30-60 degrees; when the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is below 4mm, the included angle between the inclined plane and the plane of the bamboo flattening plate is 15-45 degrees; the grooves comprise V-shaped grooves, and two inclined planes of each V-shaped groove can be matched by bending the bamboo flattening plate; the ratio of the depth of the V-shaped groove to the thickness of the bamboo flattening plate is (1-8): 10, wherein the opening width of the V-shaped groove is 1 mm-10 mm; the V-shaped grooves are arranged in a plurality, and the interval between two adjacent V-shaped grooves is not smaller than 3cm; when the cross section of the beam column is a rectangular ring, at least 3V-shaped grooves are arranged at the corners of the beam column, and the sum of the angles of the V-shaped grooves at the corners of the beam column is 85-95 degrees;
when the cross section of the beam column is circular, if the radius of the cross section of the beam column where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is smaller than 10cm, the V-shaped groove slotting interval is 3 cm-10 cm; if the radius of the beam column section where the bamboo flattening plate is positioned is more than or equal to 10cm, the slotting interval of the V-shaped grooves is more than or equal to 8cm.
2. A method for manufacturing a beam column is characterized in that the beam column is formed by winding bamboo flattening plates according to claim 1, the bamboo flattening plates are spliced in the length direction, grooves are formed in the tabasheer surface in the length direction, adhesive is coated on the tabasheer surface and the grooves, and the bamboo flattening plates after splicing and grooving are wound and laminated into a columnar structure to form the beam column.
3. A method of manufacturing a beam and column according to claim 2, wherein the bamboo flattening sheet has reinforcing material adhered to part or all of the tabasheer surface, the reinforcing material comprising glass fibres and/or carbon fibres.
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| JP3392377B2 (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2003-03-31 | 光正 森 | Bamboo plate processing |
| CN104802240A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2015-07-29 | 廊坊华日家具股份有限公司 | Hollow beveled-jointed recombined bamboo furniture material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105538460B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2018-04-27 | 湖南城市学院 | A kind of cylinder and its production method |
| CN106625921B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2019-05-14 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | A kind of preparation method of bamboo beam column |
| CN207088631U (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2018-03-13 | 杭州庄宜家具有限公司 | A kind of bamboo wood warp architecture |
| CN208052162U (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-11-06 | 南京绿新能源研究院有限公司 | A kind of circulating type recombination bamboo profile |
| CN108115796A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-05 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of processing method of bamboo cylinder construction material |
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