CN117301221A - Method for preparing large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuous lengthening of specification units - Google Patents
Method for preparing large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuous lengthening of specification units Download PDFInfo
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
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- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000302661 Phyllostachys pubescens Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003570 Phyllostachys pubescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/10—Butting blanks of veneer; Joining same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a method for preparing a large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuous lengthening of specification units. The method can prepare the large-scale bamboo integrated material with continuous length and controllable breadth; the method can provide large-scale materials for the application of the bamboo integrated material in the structural field, can simultaneously utilize flattened bamboo boards with different length sizes in the equal-length prefabricated ladder assembly unit and the unequal-length prefabricated ladder unit, and plays an important role in expanding the application field of the bamboo integrated material. The invention greatly saves the cost of manpower and material resources, improves the production efficiency, has uniform quality specification and shortens the processing time, can prepare the bamboo specification material with stable size specification and performance and small deformation so as to be suitable for large-scale production, and has the advantages of energy saving and material saving in the method, firm and firm product, good toughness, no cracking after long-term use, no warping and convenient transportation and storage.
Description
Technical Field：
The invention belongs to a method for preparing a large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuous lengthening of specification units.
Background：
The integrated material is large-scale material produced by assembling and gluing the wood with smaller size units; the laminated wood for engineering structure is also called as glued wood or structural composite wood, which is mainly made of wood standard materials as units, and is formed into large-size laminated wood for structure through grading, structural design, lengthening and gluing, and has structural designability due to the normalization of the basic unit size and modulus. The integrated material is mainly applied to the field of building engineering such as buildings, large-scale venues, bridges and the like as a bearing member. At present, the technology for preparing the wood laminated wood in European and American countries is relatively mature, and corresponding standard specifications are established, such as ANSI/AITCl90.1, (Canadian StandardsAssosiation (CSA) 0122, NDS-2013, namely U.S. wood structure Specification-2013, ASTM D3737, japanese agriculture and forestry standards for construction laminated wood and the like are established.
The method has rich bamboo resources in China, the types of the bamboo in China reach 830 varieties, the area of the bamboo forest reaches 740 ten thousand hectares, and the bamboo yield, the yield value and the processing technology are all in the leading position in the world. Compared with the wood laminated wood, the bamboo laminated wood is a plate which is formed by processing bamboo into rectangular bamboo chips with certain specification, and then performing protective treatment, drying and gluing, and then assembling and gluing. Based on the characteristics of the bamboo stalk, such as hollow, bamboo joint, anisotropy, large difference of inner and outer wall materials, and the like, the integrated material is directly manufactured by using the bamboo chip assembly, the size and the performance are difficult to meet the requirements of structural materials, the maximum length of the specification bamboo chip in the current production is 2.1m, the width range is 10-30 mm, the thickness range is 1-8 mm, and compared with the sawn material with the nominal thickness of 2-4 inches (50-100 mm) and the nominal width of more than or equal to 2 inches (50 mm), the interface size of the specification bamboo chip is small, the length is limited, and the large-size bamboo integrated material can be manufactured only through lengthening and expanding modes. However, at present, a large-size bamboo laminated material preparation method by lengthening and expanding is lacking, so that the application range of the bamboo laminated material in the building field is narrower, the bamboo laminated material is mainly used for non-bearing materials such as floors, partition boards and the like, and the bamboo laminated material is lacking to be used as a bearing material such as support columns, beams and the like.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 1, the bamboo unfolding plate 1 is characterized in that the thickness of the lower part is larger than that of the upper part, the diameter of the lower part is larger than that of the upper part, and the length and thickness of the unfolding surface are all in trapezoid distribution, and the rectangular block material 10 with a certain thickness and rectangular size must be planed when the bamboo is made into the specification size, and a great amount of planed waste bamboo material 11 is caused for the planed part of the bamboo in the process, which occupies about 30% of the volume of the bamboo, so that a great amount of bamboo is wasted. Such as: the bamboo laminated wood is a plate square material formed by horizontally splicing or vertically splicing and gluing fine planing bamboo strips along the length direction according to the following grain assembly and the width direction, and the preparation unit of the bamboo laminated wood maintains the structure and the performance of the bamboo. Therefore, the density and performance of the bamboo laminated material are close to those of bamboo materials, and the bamboo laminated material is widely applied to the fields of furniture, decoration, floors and building structures at present, but when the bamboo strips are finely planed by the preparation unit, a large amount of planed waste bamboo materials 11 are also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuously lengthening standard units, which prepares the large-scale bamboo integrated material with continuous length, controllable breadth and designable performance by adopting the steps of modular gluing and the like through unit size and modulus normalization, butt joint or lap joint unit connection mode and different types of splicing scheme prefabricated unit groups, can reduce waste planing bamboo materials, and can be applied to bearing members such as building structures, bridges and the like, thereby expanding the application field of the bamboo integrated material.
To this end, the method of the invention comprises the steps of:
(1) The bamboo is selected from fresh moso bamboos with 5 years of bamboo age and the diameter of the tip of the bamboo reaching more than 10cm, the appearance is free from mildew, wormholes, decay and cracking, the color of the fresh moso bamboos is uniform, and the cross section length is divided into seven grades with the length specification of 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m according to the difference of the peripheral diameter and the length of the bamboo; the width specification is as follows: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm, wherein the difference between the thicknesses of the two ends of the same grade of length is not more than 1mm, so that arc-shaped bamboo chips are obtained, and the arc-shaped bamboo chips are softened, green removed, yellow removed and unfolded without damage, so that flattened bamboo boards are obtained;
(2) When the difference between the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo panel is more than 0.5 cm; planing the green and yellow surfaces of the flattened bamboo plate to form a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo plate, wherein the two longitudinal side edges are inclined planes naturally inclined from the small end on the same side to the large end on the same side, and the green or yellow surface of the flattened bamboo plate is in a trapezoid with the specification and the size, so that the trapezoid flattened bamboo plate is obtained;
when the difference between the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo panel is less than or equal to 0.5 cm; planing two longitudinal side edges of the flattened bamboo plate into a plane with the same width as the small end of the bamboo plate, planing the green and yellow surfaces into a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo plate, and shaping the green or yellow surfaces into a rectangle with the standard size to obtain a rectangular block;
(3) Classifying and normalizing the moduli of the trapezoid flattened bamboo plates and the rectangular blocks, wherein the flexural modulus grade is 8-14 Gpa, and the trapezoid flattened bamboo plates and the rectangular blocks with different moduli are respectively obtained;
(4) Gluing the butt joint edges of two trapezoid flattened bamboo boards with the same size specification and modulus grade, butt joint and bonding the longitudinal adjacent two side edges of the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards with the same transverse bamboo side edge at the large head end of one trapezoid flattened bamboo board and the small head end of the trapezoid flattened bamboo board with the same modulus, forming a parallelogram board with the parallel bottom and top edges by the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards with the two modulus, planing the two side edges adjacent to the bottom and top edges and perpendicular to the bottom and top edges to obtain a modified rectangular block;
(5) Normalizing the rectangular block, wherein the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 2.1m, the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m, and the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 0.6m, 1.2m, 2.1m, and the width specification ranges from: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm; obtaining a specification rectangular block material;
normalizing the correction rectangular block, wherein the length specification range of the bottom edge or the top edge is 0.3 m-2.1 m, the length specification is 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m by taking 0.3m as a length modulus unit, and the width specification is as follows: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm; obtaining a rectangular block material with a correction specification;
(6) And (3) the specification correction rectangular block and the specification rectangular block obtained in the step (5) are formed into units: the method comprises the steps of forming equal-length block units and unequal-length block units, adopting linear butt joint between two similar unit blocks, wherein the length of a specification correction rectangular block or a specification rectangular block of each unit is a multiple of 0.3 modulus, and the widths and the thicknesses of the blocks of the same unit are the same;
(a) The components of the equal-length blocks comprise equal-length stepped units, the lengths of the equal-length blocks of the units are the same, the lengths are equally divided into multiples of 0.3 modulus, the multiples are equal-length blocks, and the adjacent equal-length blocks are staggered to the same side by a length of 0.3 modulus when being combined to obtain equal-length prefabricated stepped units of 3 steps, 5 steps and 7 steps;
(b) The method comprises the steps that each of the composition units of the unequal length blocks comprises a trapezoid unit with unequal length, the lengths of the unequal length blocks of the units are different, the lengths of the unequal length blocks are divided into multiples of 0.3 modulus, the multiples are different, when adjacent unequal length blocks are assembled, the trapezoid sides are respectively retracted or extended inwards by a length of 0.3 modulus, and a prefabricated right trapezoid unit with unequal length or a prefabricated inverted trapezoid unit with unequal length is obtained;
(7) Assembling the equal-length prefabricated ladder assembly units and the unequal-length prefabricated ladder units:
(a) When assembling the equal-length prefabricated step assembly units, connecting the plurality of equal-length prefabricated step assembly units into a long assembly, intersecting the transverse side edges end to form a rhombic step staggered joint spliced prefabricated unit assembly, and filling the gaps of the end edges on the two sides of the same layer with rectangular blocks with proper length after the assembly length is reached; when the prefabricated ladder assembly units with the same length are spliced and widened, the rectangular blocks with adjacent specifications are spliced and widened in a staggered manner; when the equal-length prefabricated step assembly units of each layer are spliced and thick, the rectangular blocks with adjacent layers are spliced and thick in staggered joint; adhesive is also required to be applied between the butt joint positions for gluing, so that an equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material is formed;
(b) When a plurality of unequal prefabricated positive trapezoid units and unequal prefabricated inverted trapezoid units are connected to form a long assembly, the positive trapezoid units and the inverted trapezoid units are transversely arranged at intervals to form a positive inverted pyramid staggered joint spliced prefabricated unit assembly, and after the length of the assembly is reached, the gaps of the end edges of two sides of the same layer are filled with rectangular blocks with proper length; when the prefabricated trapezoid units with the same layer and different lengths are spliced and widened, the rectangular blocks with adjacent specifications are spliced and widened in a staggered manner; when the prefabricated trapezoid units with different lengths are assembled and spliced to be thick, the rectangular blocks with different lengths and specifications on adjacent layers are spliced to be thick in staggered joint; adhesive is also required to be applied between the butt joint positions for gluing, so that the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material is formed;
(8) Pressing the equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material or the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material, wherein the main pressure is vertical to the bonding surface, the rest directions are auxiliary pressures, and in the pressing process, the side pressure is the main pressure when the slab is horizontally placed; pressing the assembled integrated material in the thickness direction of the plate blank in 4 directions of thickness and width, and taking the height direction as the main pressing direction when the integrated material is vertically placed;
(9) The adhesive curing mode of the equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material or the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material comprises the following steps: curing the normal-temperature curing adhesive for 2-4 hours under a certain pressure condition; the high-frequency medium heating mode enables the transmission direction of the high-frequency electrode to be parallel to the direction of the adhesive layer under the high-frequency effect, the curing time is 30-100 s, and the cured assembly integrated material is obtained.
(10) The application of the standard rectangular block and the modified standard rectangular block is used in the fields of construction, furniture and decoration.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the adhesive comprises an isocyanate adhesive cured at normal temperature, a polyvinyl acetate adhesive and an adhesive for high frequency.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards are identical in shape, length and thickness, different in width and identical in thickness, and the green and yellow surfaces are trapezoid.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the equal-length blocks are identical in shape, length, thickness and width, and the length of the assembled equal-length blocks is the same multiple of 0.3m length.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the unequal length blocks are identical in shape, thickness and width, and the length of the assembled equal length blocks is different multiples of 0.3m long.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the specification correction rectangular block is a specification correction rectangular block formed by splicing two trapezoid flattened bamboo boards on one long side edge to form a quadrilateral board with the same bottom and top edge length and correcting adjacent edges to be perpendicular to the bottom and top edges, and the lengthening, gluing, assembling, pressing and adhesive curing modes and purposes of the specification correction rectangular block are the same as those of the specification rectangular block.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexural modulus rating is: 8GPa, 9GPa, 10GPa, 11GPa, 12GPa, 13GPa and 14GPa.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the sizing mode can be selected under the condition of ensuring the sizing amount, and the sizing mode can also be single-sided sizing.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the specification rectangular block and the correction specification rectangular block are used as floor blocks; 1-2 boards spliced by equal-length and unequal-length prefabricated step units are used for the decorative board on the inner surface of the wall body, and 3-6 boards are used for the non-bearing partition board; the cross section of the solidified assembly integrated material is smaller than 6cm and is used for a rafter beam and a tile hanging column in a building; when the cross section is 6-10 cm, the purline and the cross beam are used for purlines and cross beams in the building; when the cross section is square with the length of more than 10cm, the support column and the beam component are used in the building.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can greatly reduce the waste bamboo material planing in the processing process, and the invention does not pursue to completely manufacture the flattened bamboo board into the specification section bar with rectangular size in the processing process, namely six sides of the specification section bar are not required to be rectangular planes, but the invention is in accordance with the natural shape of the flattened bamboo board, when the difference of the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo board is more than 0.5 cm; planing the green and yellow surfaces of the flattened bamboo plate to form a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo plate, wherein the two longitudinal side edges are inclined planes naturally inclined from the small end on the same side to the large end on the same side, and the green or yellow surface of the flattened bamboo plate is in a trapezoid with the specification and the size, so that the trapezoid flattened bamboo plate is obtained; when the difference between the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo panel is less than or equal to 0.5 cm; the two longitudinal side edges of the flattened bamboo board are planed to form a plane with the same width as the small end of the bamboo board, the green and yellow surfaces are planed to form a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo board, and the green or yellow surfaces are rectangular in shape and size, so that rectangular blocks are obtained. Therefore, the waste bamboo material planing is greatly reduced, and preliminary measurement shows that the method can reduce the waste bamboo material planing by 20 percent compared with the prior art, thereby greatly reducing the resource waste and the treatment cost of the waste bamboo material and being beneficial to environmental protection.
2. The method comprises the steps of normalizing the sizes of the units prepared by the bamboo laminated timber, normalizing the spans of the unit groups, splicing the plate schemes, pyramid, diamond and step-shaped lengthening criteria, butting, lap joint connection modes and the like. The method can prepare the large-scale bamboo integrated material with continuous length and controllable breadth; the method can provide large-scale materials for the application of the bamboo integrated material in the structural field, can simultaneously utilize flattened bamboo boards with different length sizes in the equal-length prefabricated ladder assembly unit and the unequal-length prefabricated ladder unit, and plays an important role in expanding the application field of the bamboo integrated material.
3. The invention greatly saves the cost of manpower and material resources, improves the production efficiency, has uniform quality specification and shortens the processing time, can prepare the bamboo specification material with stable size specification and performance and small deformation so as to be suitable for large-scale production, and has the advantages of energy saving and material saving in the method, firm and firm product, good toughness, no cracking after long-term use, no warping and convenient transportation and storage.
Drawings：
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing structure of a rectangular block material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a trapezoid flattened bamboo panel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the specification-modified rectangular block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an isometric prefabricated 3-step unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an isometric prefabricated 5-step unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an isometric prefabricated 7-step unit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of an unequal length prefabricated positive trapezoid unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of an unequal length prefabricated inverted trapezoidal unit of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated right trapezoid unit of unequal length formed from specification modified rectangular blocks;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the lengthening structure of the prefabricated positive and negative trapezoid units with different lengths;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a straight-line butt joint structure in extension between two similar unit blocks;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the assembled unit of the prefabricated 7 steps of equal length.
Detailed Description
Example 1 as shown in fig. 1 to 12, a method for continuously lengthening a large-scale bamboo integrated material by using specification units comprises the following steps:
(1) The bamboo is selected from fresh moso bamboos with 5 years of bamboo age and the diameter of the tip of the bamboo reaching more than 10cm, the appearance is free from mildew, wormholes, decay and cracking, the color of the fresh moso bamboos is uniform, and the cross section length is divided into seven grades with the length specification of 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m according to the difference of the peripheral diameter and the length of the bamboo; the width specification is as follows: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm, the difference of the thicknesses of the two ends of the same grade length is not more than 1mm, so as to obtain arc-shaped bamboo chips, and the arc-shaped bamboo chips are softened, green removed, yellow removed and unfolded without damage, so that the flattened bamboo board 1 is obtained.
(2) As shown in fig. 2, when the difference between the widths of the both ends of the flattened bamboo panel is greater than 0.5 cm; the green and yellow surfaces of the flattened bamboo board are planed to form a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo board, the two longitudinal side edges are inclined planes which naturally incline from the small end on the same side to the large end on the same side, and the green surface or yellow surface of the flattened bamboo board with the same thickness is in a trapezoid with the specification and the size, so that the trapezoid flattened bamboo board 2 is obtained; namely, the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards 2 have the same shape, length and thickness, the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards have different widths and the same thickness, and the green and yellow surfaces are trapezoid.
As shown in fig. 1, when the difference between the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo panel is less than or equal to 0.5 cm; the two longitudinal side edges of the flattened bamboo board are planed to form a plane with the same width as the small end of the bamboo board, the green and yellow surfaces are planed to form a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo board, and the green or yellow surfaces are rectangular in shape and size, so that the rectangular block material 10 is obtained.
When the width difference between the two ends of the flattened bamboo plate is larger than 0.5cm, the trapezoidal flattened bamboo plate 2 is manufactured, and the number of the planed parts 11 on the two longitudinal sides is small; when the difference between the widths of the two ends is smaller than or equal to 0.5cm, the rectangular block material 10 is manufactured, so that a large amount of shaving waste can be reduced.
(3) Classifying and normalizing the moduli of the trapezoid flattened bamboo plates and the rectangular blocks, wherein the flexural modulus grade is 8-14 Gpa, and the trapezoid flattened bamboo plates and the rectangular blocks with different moduli are respectively obtained; flexural modulus rating: 8GPa, 9GPa, 10GPa, 11GPa, 12GPa, 13GPa and 14GPa.
(4) As shown in fig. 3, the butt joint edges of two trapezoidal flattened bamboo boards with the same size and modulus grade are glued, the longitudinal adjacent two side edges of the two trapezoidal flattened bamboo boards with the same modulus are butt joint and bonded, the big head end of one trapezoidal flattened bamboo board with the small head end of the other trapezoidal flattened bamboo board with the modulus is the same transverse bamboo side edge, the two trapezoidal flattened bamboo boards with the modulus form a parallelogram board with the parallel bottom and top edges, and the two side edges adjacent to the bottom and top edges are planed and perpendicular to the bottom and top edges, so as to obtain the modified rectangular block 21.
(5) Normalizing the rectangular block material 10, wherein the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 2.1m, the length specification is 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m by taking 0.3m as a length modulus unit, and the width specification is as follows: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm; obtaining a specification rectangular block material;
the correction rectangular block 21 is normalized, the length specification range of the bottom edge or the top edge is 0.3 m-2.1 m, the length specification is 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m by taking 0.3m as a length modulus unit, and the width specification is: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm; obtaining a rectangular block material with a correction specification;
(6) And (3) the specification correction rectangular block and the specification rectangular block obtained in the step (5) are formed into units: the method comprises the steps of forming equal-length block units and unequal-length block units, adopting linear butt joint between two similar unit blocks, wherein the length of a specification correction rectangular block or a specification rectangular block of each unit is a multiple of 0.3 modulus, and the widths and the thicknesses of the blocks of the same unit are the same;
as shown in fig. 4 to 6, (a) the constituent units of the equal-length blocks comprise the constituent equal-length stepped units, the lengths of the extended equal-length blocks are the same, the equal-length blocks are the same in shape, length, thickness and width, the lengths of the assembled equal-length blocks are the same multiple of 0.3m long, namely, the lengths of the blocks can be uniformly divided into multiple of 0.3 modulus, the multiple is the equal-length blocks, and the lengths of adjacent equal-length blocks are staggered by one 0.3 modulus unit towards the same side when the adjacent equal-length blocks are extended, so that the equal-length prefabricated step units of 3 steps, 5 steps and 7 steps are obtained.
As shown in fig. 4, the lengths of the 3 equal-length blocks are all 0.9m, the lengths of the blocks can be equally divided into 3 times of 0.3 modulus, and when the adjacent equal-length blocks are lengthened, the lengths of 0.3 modulus units are staggered to the same side, so that the 3-step equal-length prefabricated step units are obtained.
As shown in fig. 5, the lengths of the 5 equal-length blocks are 1.5m, the lengths of the blocks can be equally divided into 5 times of 0.3 modulus, and when the adjacent equal-length blocks are lengthened, the lengths of 0.3 modulus units are staggered to the same side, so that 5-step equal-length prefabricated step units are obtained.
As shown in fig. 6, the lengths of 7 equal-length blocks are 2.1m, each block length can be equally divided into 7 times of 0.3 modulus, and the lengths of 0.3 modulus units are staggered to the same side when adjacent equal-length blocks are lengthened, so that 7-step equal-length prefabricated step units are obtained.
As shown in fig. 7 to 8, (b) each of the unequal length blocks constituting the unit includes an unequal length trapezoidal unit, the lengths of each of the unequal length blocks of the unit are different, the unequal length blocks are identical in shape, thickness and width, and the length of the assembled equal length block is a different multiple of 0.3m length, the length of each of the unequal length blocks can be equally divided into a multiple of 0.3 modulus, the multiple is different for the unequal length block, and when adjacent unequal length blocks are assembled, both sides of the trapezoid are respectively retracted or extended inward by the length of one 0.3 modulus unit, thereby obtaining an unequal length prefabricated positive trapezoidal unit 12 or an unequal length prefabricated inverted trapezoidal unit 14.
As shown in fig. 7, the lengths of the 3 unequal length blocks are respectively 0.3m, 0.9m and 1.5m from top to bottom, the lengths of the blocks can be uniformly divided into multiples of 0.3 modulus, and when adjacent unequal length blocks are assembled, the two sides of the trapezoid are respectively retracted or extended inwards by the lengths of 0.3 modulus units, so as to obtain the unequal length prefabricated regular trapezoid units 12. Conversely, as shown in FIG. 8, prefabricated inverted trapezoidal units 14 of unequal length are obtained.
As shown in fig. 11, the structure of straight butt joint 3 between two similar unit blocks is adopted in lengthening or assembling.
(7) Assembling the equal-length prefabricated ladder assembly units and the unequal-length prefabricated ladder units:
as shown in fig. 12, (a) assembling the equal-length prefabricated step assembly units, when a plurality of equal-length prefabricated step assembly units are connected into a long assembly, the transverse side edges are intersected end to form a rhombic step staggered joint spliced prefabricated unit assembly, and after the length of the assembly is reached, the gaps of the end edges on two sides of the same layer are filled with rectangular blocks with proper length; when the prefabricated ladder assembly units with the same length are spliced and widened, the rectangular blocks with adjacent specifications are spliced and widened in a staggered manner; when the equal-length prefabricated step assembly units of each layer are spliced and thick, the rectangular blocks with adjacent layers are spliced and thick in staggered joint; adhesive bonding is also applied between the butt joints to form the equal length prefabricated step assembly integrated material 16.
As shown in fig. 10, (b) when assembling the unequal prefabricated trapezoid units, and lengthening and assembling a plurality of unequal prefabricated positive trapezoid units and unequal prefabricated inverted trapezoid units, the positive and inverted trapezoid units are transversely arranged at intervals to form a positive and inverted pyramid staggered joint spliced prefabricated unit assembly, and after the length of the assembly is reached, the gaps at the end edges of two sides of the same layer are filled with rectangular blocks with proper length; when the prefabricated trapezoid units with the same layer and different lengths are spliced and widened, the rectangular blocks with adjacent specifications are spliced and widened in a staggered manner; when the prefabricated trapezoid units with different lengths are assembled and spliced to be thick, the rectangular blocks with different lengths and specifications on adjacent layers are spliced to be thick in staggered joint; and adhesive is also required to be applied between the butt joints to form the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material.
As shown in FIG. 10, the pyramid assembly forms of positive, reverse and positive … are adopted, and the lengths are respectively 2.1m, 2.7m and 3.3m from top to bottom
(8) Pressing the equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material or the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material, wherein the main pressure is vertical to the bonding surface, the rest directions are auxiliary pressures, and in the pressing process, the side pressure is the main pressure when the slab is horizontally placed; and pressing the assembled integrated material in the thickness direction of the plate blank in the thickness direction and the width direction of the plate blank in 4 directions, wherein the height direction is the main pressing direction when the integrated material is vertically placed.
(9) The adhesive curing mode of the equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material or the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material comprises the following steps: curing the normal-temperature curing adhesive for 2-4 hours under a certain pressure condition; the high-frequency medium heating mode enables the transmission direction of the high-frequency electrode to be parallel to the direction of the adhesive layer under the high-frequency effect, the curing time is 30-100 s, and the cured assembly integrated material is obtained.
(10) The application of the standard rectangular block and the modified standard rectangular block is used in the fields of construction, furniture and decoration.
The adhesive comprises isocyanate adhesive cured at normal temperature, polyvinyl acetate adhesive and high-frequency adhesive.
The glue applying mode can be selected under the condition of ensuring the glue applying amount, and the glue applying mode can be also single-sided glue applying.
The specification rectangular block and the correction specification rectangular block are used as floor blocks; 1-2 boards spliced by equal-length and unequal-length prefabricated step units are used for wall inner face decorative boards, and 3-6 boards are used for non-bearing partition boards or non-bearing partition boards; the cross section of the solidified assembly integrated material is smaller than 6cm and is used for a rafter beam and a tile hanging column in a building; when the cross section is 6-10 cm, the purline and the cross beam are used for purlines and cross beams in the building; when the cross section is square with the length of more than 10cm, the support column and the beam component are used in the building.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
table 1:1 cube integrated material cost accounting contrast table
Table 1 illustrates: compared with the traditional bamboo integrated material, the integrated material provided by the invention has the advantages that the overall material cost is reduced by 16.40%, the material cost is low, and the economic benefit can be improved. The invention increases the yield by 22.00%, can improve the utilization rate of bamboo, reduce the waste bamboo planing material and save a great amount of bamboo resources.
Example 2 as shown in fig. 9, the difference from example 1 is that: the specification correction rectangular block is formed by splicing two trapezoid flattened bamboo boards on one long side to form a parallelogram board with the same bottom and top edge length, and the composition, the gluing, the assembly, the pressing, the adhesive curing mode and the application of the specification correction rectangular block are the same as those of the specification rectangular block formed by correcting the adjacent sides to be perpendicular to the bottom and top edges; the specification-corrected rectangular block regular trapezoid unit 22 is formed, and thus will not be described again.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuously lengthening the specification units is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The bamboo is selected from fresh moso bamboos with 5 years of bamboo age and the diameter of the tip of the bamboo reaching more than 10cm, the appearance is free from mildew, wormholes, decay and cracking, the color of the fresh moso bamboos is uniform, and the cross section length is divided into seven grades with the length specification of 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m according to the difference of the peripheral diameter and the length of the bamboo; the width specification is as follows: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm, wherein the difference between the thicknesses of the two ends of the same grade of length is not more than 1mm, so that arc-shaped bamboo chips are obtained, and the arc-shaped bamboo chips are softened, green removed, yellow removed and unfolded without damage, so that flattened bamboo boards are obtained;
(2) When the difference between the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo panel is more than 0.5 cm; planing the green and yellow surfaces of the flattened bamboo plate to form a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo plate, wherein the two longitudinal side edges are inclined planes naturally inclined from the small end on the same side to the large end on the same side, and the green or yellow surface of the flattened bamboo plate is in a trapezoid with the specification and the size, so that the trapezoid flattened bamboo plate is obtained;
when the difference between the widths of the two ends of the flattened bamboo panel is less than or equal to 0.5 cm; planing two longitudinal side edges of the flattened bamboo plate into a plane with the same width as the small end of the bamboo plate, planing the green and yellow surfaces into a plane with the same thickness as the small end of the bamboo plate, and shaping the green or yellow surfaces into a rectangle with the standard size to obtain a rectangular block;
(3) Classifying and normalizing the moduli of the trapezoid flattened bamboo plates and the rectangular blocks, wherein the flexural modulus grade is 8-14 Gpa, and the trapezoid flattened bamboo plates and the rectangular blocks with different moduli are respectively obtained;
(4) Gluing the butt joint edges of two trapezoid flattened bamboo boards with the same size specification and modulus grade, butt joint and bonding the longitudinal adjacent two side edges of the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards with the same transverse bamboo side edge at the large head end of one trapezoid flattened bamboo board and the small head end of the trapezoid flattened bamboo board with the same modulus, forming a parallelogram board with the parallel bottom and top edges by the trapezoid flattened bamboo boards with the two modulus, planing the two side edges adjacent to the bottom and top edges and perpendicular to the bottom and top edges to obtain a modified rectangular block;
(5) Normalizing the rectangular block, wherein the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 2.1m, the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m, and the length specification ranges from 0.3m to 0.6m, 1.2m, 2.1m, and the width specification ranges from: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm; obtaining a specification rectangular block material;
normalizing the correction rectangular block, wherein the length specification range of the bottom edge or the top edge is 0.3 m-2.1 m, the length specification is 0.3m,0.6m,0.9m,1.2m,1.5m,1.8m and 2.1m by taking 0.3m as a length modulus unit, and the width specification is as follows: 1 cm-10 cm; the thickness specification is as follows: 2 mm-8 mm; obtaining a rectangular block material with a correction specification;
(6) And (3) the specification correction rectangular block and the specification rectangular block obtained in the step (5) are formed into units: the method comprises the steps of forming equal-length block units and unequal-length block units, adopting linear butt joint between two similar unit blocks, wherein the length of a specification correction rectangular block or a specification rectangular block of each unit is a multiple of 0.3 modulus, and the widths and the thicknesses of the blocks of the same unit are the same;
(a) The components of the equal-length blocks comprise equal-length stepped units, the lengths of the equal-length blocks of the units are the same, the lengths are equally divided into multiples of 0.3 modulus, the multiples are equal-length blocks, and the adjacent equal-length blocks are staggered to the same side by a length of 0.3 modulus when being combined to obtain equal-length prefabricated stepped units of 3 steps, 5 steps and 7 steps;
(b) The method comprises the steps that each of the composition units of the unequal length blocks comprises a trapezoid unit with unequal length, the lengths of the unequal length blocks of the units are different, the lengths of the unequal length blocks are divided into multiples of 0.3 modulus, the multiples are different, when adjacent unequal length blocks are assembled, the trapezoid sides are respectively retracted or extended inwards by a length of 0.3 modulus, and a prefabricated right trapezoid unit with unequal length or a prefabricated inverted trapezoid unit with unequal length is obtained;
(7) Assembling the equal-length prefabricated ladder assembly units and the unequal-length prefabricated ladder units:
(a) When assembling the equal-length prefabricated step assembly units, connecting the plurality of equal-length prefabricated step assembly units into a long assembly, intersecting the transverse side edges end to form a rhombic step staggered joint spliced prefabricated unit assembly, and filling the gaps of the end edges on the two sides of the same layer with rectangular blocks with proper length after the assembly length is reached; when the prefabricated ladder assembly units with the same length are spliced and widened, the rectangular blocks with adjacent specifications are spliced and widened in a staggered manner; when the equal-length prefabricated step assembly units of each layer are spliced and thick, the rectangular blocks with adjacent layers are spliced and thick in staggered joint; adhesive is also required to be applied between the butt joint positions for gluing, so that an equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material is formed;
(b) When a plurality of unequal prefabricated positive trapezoid units and unequal prefabricated inverted trapezoid units are connected to form a long assembly, the positive trapezoid units and the inverted trapezoid units are transversely arranged at intervals to form a positive inverted pyramid staggered joint spliced prefabricated unit assembly, and after the length of the assembly is reached, the gaps of the end edges of two sides of the same layer are filled with rectangular blocks with proper length; when the prefabricated trapezoid units with the same layer and different lengths are spliced and widened, the rectangular blocks with adjacent specifications are spliced and widened in a staggered manner; when the prefabricated trapezoid units with different lengths are assembled and spliced to be thick, the rectangular blocks with different lengths and specifications on adjacent layers are spliced to be thick in staggered joint; adhesive is also required to be applied between the butt joint positions for gluing, so that the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material is formed;
(8) Pressing the equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material or the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material, wherein the main pressure is vertical to the bonding surface, the rest directions are auxiliary pressures, and in the pressing process, the side pressure is the main pressure when the slab is horizontally placed; pressing the assembled integrated material in the thickness direction of the plate blank in 4 directions of thickness and width, and taking the height direction as the main pressing direction when the integrated material is vertically placed;
(9) The adhesive curing mode of the equal-length prefabricated step assembly integrated material or the unequal-length prefabricated pyramid assembly integrated material comprises the following steps: curing the normal-temperature curing adhesive for 2-4 hours under a certain pressure condition; the high-frequency medium heating mode enables the transmission direction of the high-frequency electrode to be parallel to the direction of the adhesive layer under the high-frequency effect, and the curing time is 30-100 s, so that the cured assembly integrated material is obtained;
(10) The application of the standard rectangular block and the modified standard rectangular block is used in the fields of construction, furniture and decoration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the adhesive comprises an isocyanate adhesive cured at normal temperature, a polyvinyl acetate adhesive and an adhesive for high frequency.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the trapezoid flattened bamboo board has the same shape, length and thickness, different widths and the same thickness, and the green and yellow surfaces are trapezoid.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the equal-length blocks are identical in shape, length, thickness and width, and the length of the assembled equal-length blocks is the same multiple of 0.3m length.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the unequal length blocks are identical in shape, thickness and width, and the length of the assembled equal length blocks is different multiples of 0.3m long.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the specification correction rectangular block is formed by splicing two trapezoid flattened bamboo boards on one long side edge to form a parallelogram board with the same bottom and top edge length, and the specification correction rectangular block is formed by correcting the perpendicular of the adjacent edges and the bottom and top edges, and the lengthening, gluing, assembling, pressing and adhesive curing modes and purposes of the specification correction rectangular block are the same as those of the specification rectangular block.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: flexural modulus rating: 8GPa, 9GPa, 10GPa, 11GPa, 12GPa, 13GPa and 14GPa.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the glue applying mode can be selected under the condition of ensuring the glue applying amount, and the glue applying mode can be also single-sided glue applying.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the specification rectangular block and the correction specification rectangular block are used as floor blocks; 1-2 boards spliced by equal-length and unequal-length prefabricated step units are used for the decorative board on the inner surface of the wall body, and 3-6 boards are used for the non-bearing partition board; the cross section of the solidified assembly integrated material is smaller than 6cm and is used for a rafter beam and a tile hanging column in a building; when the cross section is 6-10 cm, the purline and the cross beam are used for purlines and cross beams in the building; when the cross section is square with the length of more than 10cm, the support column and the beam component are used in the building.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: and when lengthening or assembling, a straight line butt joint structure between two similar unit blocks is adopted.
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| CN202311429326.1A CN117301221A (en) | 2023-10-31 | 2023-10-31 | Method for preparing large-scale bamboo integrated material by continuous lengthening of specification units |
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