CN114588217A - Processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis - Google Patents
Processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis Download PDFInfo
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- CN114588217A CN114588217A CN202210206553.7A CN202210206553A CN114588217A CN 114588217 A CN114588217 A CN 114588217A CN 202210206553 A CN202210206553 A CN 202210206553A CN 114588217 A CN114588217 A CN 114588217A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/13—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving cleaning, e.g. washing or peeling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, belongs to the field of deep processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and discloses a processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis, which comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning; (2) moistening: putting the cleaned rhizome of the curculigo orchioides into yellow wine for moistening; (3) steaming: steaming underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis in high pressure steamer; (4) and (3) cooling: cooling the steamed underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides to room temperature; (5) pre-freezing: placing the cooled underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides in a pre-freezing cabinet for low-temperature freezing; (6) vacuum freeze drying: pre-freezing underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides, and vacuum drying at ultralow temperature in a vacuum freezer; (7) and (3) heating: after the freeze drying is finished, the temperature is raised to the room temperature in a freezer cabinet, and the invention adopts the modern ultrahigh temperature steaming technology, on one hand, the toxic component lycorine of the medicinal material curculigo orchioides can be completely inactivated, on the other hand, the steaming time is shortened, and the loss of the marked active component curculigo orchioides glycoside in the steaming process is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a processing method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, belongs to the field of deep processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and particularly relates to a processing method of a traditional Chinese medicine rhizoma curculiginis.
Background
The rhizoma Curculiginis is dried rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn of Amaryllidaceae, mainly produced in Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan, and also distributed in southeast Asia countries to Japan. It mainly grows in forests, grasslands or barren slopes with an altitude of 1600 m or less. Curculigo orchioides is pungent, hot and toxic, enters kidney, liver and spleen channels, has the effects of tonifying kidney yang, strengthening muscles and bones and dispelling dampness and cold, and is used for treating impotence and cold sperm, cold pain of waist and knees, yang deficiency and cold diarrhea and the like.
The curculigo orchioides contains curculigoside, is the most important index for evaluating the quality of the curculigo orchioides, is also the main index of the market price of the curculigo orchioides, has the functions of oxidation resistance, inflammation resistance, immunity regulation, osteoporosis resistance, kidney tonifying, yang strengthening and the like, and is mainly applied to treating impotence and cold sperm, flaccidity of bones and muscles, psychroalgia of waist and knees, yang deficiency and psychroalgia and the like in clinic at present. According to the modern medicine research data and the records of ancient medical books, as the curculigo orchioides has little toxicity, the toxic substance is lycorine, which can cause the toxic reactions of cold sweat, cold limbs, numbness, tongue swelling, dysphoria, coma and the like of the whole body,
therefore, the curculigo orchioides needs to be processed before use, and the purpose of processing is to remove toxicity and to retain active substances to the maximum extent. The existing processing method can only reduce but not completely remove the toxicity of the curculigo orchioides, part of the processing method can completely inactivate lycorine which is a toxic component basically so as to remove the toxicity, but also reduces the content of active ingredients such as curculigoside in the curculigo orchioides medicinal material to a certain extent so that the drug effect is reduced sharply, and the other processing method can only slightly reduce the lycorine content in the curculigo orchioides although the loss of the active ingredients such as the curculigoside can be reduced. In the case of the prescription drug, the toxicity of the curculigo orchioides can be controlled because the curculigo orchioides is taken for a short time and the dosage is strictly controlled, but as the proportion of the curculigo orchioides in the health care product industry is increasing, the industry of the curculigo orchioides as a health care raw material and even a food raw material is greatly hindered if the toxicity cannot be completely removed.
Aiming at the defects that active ingredients such as curculigoside and the like cannot be reserved to the maximum degree and lycorine toxic substances cannot be completely removed in the prior art, the invention provides the curculigoside and the like which are important active substances of curculigoside and the like, have simple process and stable properties, can completely remove curculigosine toxic substances and can also reserve curculigoside and the like to the maximum degree by combining with the modern advanced technology on the basis of the prior people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a processing method for removing toxicity of curculigo orchioides so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
1. cleaning: taking underground rhizome of the common curculigo rhizome, removing bud heads, and cleaning soil on the surface.
2. Moistening: draining the cleaned underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides, uniformly stirring the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides with yellow wine according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and moistening the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides for 20 to 24 hours, wherein the mixture is stirred once every 3 to 4 hours so as to ensure that the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides is more fully moistened.
3. Steaming: draining yellow wine from underground rhizomes of the Curculigo orchioides after the moistening, placing the rhizomes in a high-pressure steamer, and steaming for 15-20 min at the temperature of 125-128 ℃.
4. And (3) cooling: and after the steaming is finished, spreading underground rhizomes of the curculigo orchioides on a drying tray, and cooling to room temperature.
5. Pre-freezing: and (3) placing the cooled underground rhizomes of the curculigo orchioides in a pre-freezing cabinet, adjusting the temperature to be 12-15 ℃ below zero, and freezing for 10-12 hours.
6. Vacuum freeze drying: placing the prefreezed underground rhizome of the common curculigo rhizome in a vacuum drying and freezing cabinet, adjusting the temperature to 45-50 ℃ below zero, vacuumizing and keeping the temperature at 10-15 Pa, and carrying out freeze drying for 12-13 hours.
7. And (3) heating: after drying, the temperature was raised to room temperature in a vacuum drying freezer.
The main active ingredients of the curculigo orchioides such as curculigo orchioides glycoside and flavone are soluble in ethanol and do not resist high temperature, the yellow wine contains alcohol, and the curculigo orchioides can be dissolved in the alcohol absorbed by the curculigo orchioides medicinal material after being fully moistened by the yellow wine, so that the curculigo orchioides glycoside is still in the alcohol solution after being subjected to high temperature, and the boiling point of the alcohol is 78.3 ℃, so that the active ingredients of the curculigo orchioides glycoside and the like can be kept at 78.3 ℃ without inactivation during high-temperature steaming. The lycorine is insoluble in ethanol and has the characteristic of no high temperature resistance, and the contact temperature of the lycorine is basically consistent with the external temperature when the lycorine is steamed at high temperature, so that the lycorine can be inactivated when the lycorine is steamed at high temperature.
The existing curculigo orchioides processing technology is generally to steam under normal pressure, the temperature is kept at 100 ℃ at most, and the temperature fluctuates greatly along with the change of the steaming place. Meanwhile, when the normal pressure steaming is carried out, the time is short, lycorine cannot be completely inactivated, the time is prolonged, alcohol in the curculigo orchioides medicinal material is volatilized, curculigo orchioides glycoside is also inactivated by contacting high temperature to a certain degree, and corresponding conditions exist during frying. The invention adopts the conditions of ultra-high temperature and ultra-high pressure, can greatly reduce the loss of alcohol absorbed by the medicinal material curculigo orchioides and can also inactivate lycorine more quickly, and the control of the temperature, the pressure and the time is the key for retaining active ingredients such as curculigoside and the like and completely inactivating lycorine toxic substances.
Meanwhile, the drying is also carried out under the high temperature condition, when the common curculigo orchioides medicinal material is dried under the condition of 70 ℃, the drying is carried out for at least 24 hours, the long-time high temperature can also cause the loss of active ingredients such as curculigo orchioides glycoside, flavone and the like to a certain extent, and the freezing and low-temperature drying utilizes ultralow temperature vacuum to sublimate water, does not influence the active ingredients such as curculigo orchioides glycoside, flavone and the like, and can completely maintain the efficacy of the curculigo orchioides at the final stage of processing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the high-pressure steamer for steaming, can realize the accurate control of the steaming temperature and the steaming time, and reduces the subjective influence of the frying process on the duration and degree of heating and frying people in the traditional processing method;
2. the invention adopts the modern ultrahigh-temperature steaming technology, on one hand, the toxic component lycorine of the medicinal material curculigo orchioides can be completely inactivated, on the other hand, the steaming time is shortened, and the loss of the marked active component curculigo orchioides glycoside in the steaming process is reduced;
3. the common drying technology of the curculigo orchioides is drying or sun-drying which has the defects of long existence time, great influence by climate, easy invention and the like, and the common drying temperature is 60-70 ℃ and the drying time is 48 hours, so that the content of curculigo orchioides glycoside in the curculigo orchioides medicinal material is reduced to a certain extent, and the quality of the medicinal material is reduced. The invention adopts the modern freeze drying technology, and no matter whether the curculigoside or other active substances contained in the curculigo orchioides are not influenced, thereby maintaining the efficacy of the curculigo orchioides to the maximum extent.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by the following examples, the yellow wine used in the invention can be purchased from the market or brewed by oneself, the fermentation raw material is glutinous rice and wheat with the mass ratio of 3:1, the distiller's yeast is red yeast, the purchased yellow wine is detected before use, the alcoholic strength is 11% vol, the total sugar (calculated by glucose) is 50.45g/L, the non-sugar solid is 22.5g/L, and the amino acid nitrogen is 0.5 g/L.
Example 1
1. Cleaning: underground rhizomes of common curculigo rhizome planted in the county of the province of Yunnan province are taken, bud heads are removed, soil on the surface is cleaned, and fibrous roots are reserved.
2. Moistening: draining the underground rhizome of the cleaned rhizoma curculiginis, uniformly stirring with yellow wine according to the mass ratio of the rhizoma curculiginis to the yellow wine of 10:1, and moistening for 20 hours, wherein the stirring is performed every 3-4 hours during the period so as to ensure that the moistening is more sufficient.
3. Steaming: draining yellow wine from underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis, and steaming at 125 deg.C for 20 min.
4. And (3) cooling: and after the steaming is finished, spreading underground rhizomes of the curculigo orchioides on a drying tray, and cooling to room temperature.
5. Pre-freezing: placing the cooled underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis in a pre-freezing cabinet, adjusting temperature to-12 deg.C, and freezing for 12 hr.
6. Vacuum freeze drying: placing the prefreezed underground rhizome of the common curculigo rhizome in a vacuum drying freezer, adjusting the temperature to 45 ℃ below zero, vacuumizing and keeping the temperature at 10-15 Pa, wherein the freeze drying time is 12 hours.
7. And (3) heating: after drying, the temperature was raised to room temperature in a vacuum drying freezer.
Example 2
1. Cleaning: taking underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides in the northern and hilly county of Yunnan province, removing bud heads, cleaning surface soil, and retaining fibrous roots.
2. Moistening: draining the cleaned underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides, uniformly stirring the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides with yellow wine according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and moistening for 24 hours while stirring once every 4 hours so as to ensure that the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides is more fully moistened.
3. Steaming: draining yellow wine from underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis after moistening, and steaming at 128 deg.C for 15min in a high pressure steamer.
4. And (3) cooling: and after the steaming is finished, spreading underground rhizomes of the curculigo orchioides on a drying tray, and cooling to room temperature.
5. Pre-freezing: placing the cooled underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis in a pre-freezing cabinet, adjusting temperature to-15 deg.C, and freezing for 10 hr.
6. Vacuum freeze drying: placing the prefreezed underground rhizome of the common curculigo rhizome in a vacuum drying and freezing cabinet, adjusting the temperature to minus 50 ℃, vacuumizing and keeping the temperature at 10-15 Pa, wherein the freeze drying time is 13 hours.
7. And (3) heating: after drying, the temperature was raised to room temperature in a vacuum drying freezer.
Comparative example 1
1. Cleaning: taking underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides in the northern and hilly county of Yunnan province, removing bud heads, cleaning surface soil, and retaining fibrous roots.
2. Moistening: draining the cleaned underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides, uniformly stirring the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides with yellow wine according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and moistening for 24 hours while stirring once every 4 hours so as to ensure that the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides is more fully moistened.
3. Steaming: draining yellow wine from underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis after moistening, and steaming at natural boiling point for 2 hr.
4. Drying: placing the steamed underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides in an oven, and oven drying at 70 deg.C for 48 hr.
Comparative example 2
1. Cleaning: taking underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis from Hubei county of Yunnan province, removing bud head, cleaning surface soil, and retaining fibrous root.
2. Moistening: draining the cleaned underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides, uniformly stirring the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides with yellow wine according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and moistening for 24 hours while stirring once every 4 hours so as to ensure that the underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides is more fully moistened.
3. Frying: frying underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis in a frying pan until the surface water is completely dried.
4. Drying: and (3) putting the fried underground rhizome of the common curculigo rhizome into an oven, and drying for 48 hours at 70 ℃.
Comparative example 3
1. Cleaning: taking underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides in the northern and hilly county of Yunnan province, removing bud heads, cleaning surface soil, and retaining fibrous roots.
2. Moistening: draining underground rhizome of cleaned rhizoma Curculiginis, mixing with yellow wine at a mass ratio of rhizoma Curculiginis to yellow wine of 10:1, moistening for 24 hr, and stirring once every 4 hr for making the moistening more sufficient.
3. And (3) drying: and (3) placing the suffused underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides in an oven, and drying for 48 hours at 70 ℃.
Comparative example 4
1. Cleaning: taking underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides in the northern and hilly county of Yunnan province, removing bud heads, cleaning surface soil, and retaining fibrous roots.
2. And (3) drying: and (3) putting the cleaned underground rhizome of the common curculigo rhizome into an oven, and drying for 48 hours at 70 ℃.
As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the effective components of rhizoma Curculiginis are retained to the maximum extent and the corresponding harmful substances are removed.
Table 1 comparison table of effects under different examples and comparative examples
Claims (5)
1. A processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning: cleaning soil from underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis;
(2) moistening: placing cleaned underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis in yellow wine, and moistening;
(3) steaming: steaming underground rhizome of rhizoma Curculiginis in high pressure steamer;
(4) and (3) cooling: cooling the steamed underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides to room temperature;
(5) pre-freezing: placing the cooled underground rhizome of the curculigo orchioides in a pre-freezing cabinet for low-temperature freezing;
(6) vacuum freeze drying: pre-freezing underground rhizome of Curculigo orchioides, and vacuum drying at ultralow temperature in a vacuum freezer;
(7) and (3) heating: after the freeze-drying was completed, the temperature was raised to room temperature in a freezer.
2. The processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the yellow wine to the wet rhizoma curculiginis in step (2) is 10:1, and the time for wetting is 20-24 hours.
3. The processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steaming temperature in step (3) is 125-138 ℃ and the steaming time is 15-20 min.
4. The processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-freezing temperature in step (5) is-12 to 15 ℃ and the pre-freezing time is 10 to 12 hours.
5. The processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum freeze-drying temperature in step (6) is 45-50 deg.C below zero, the vacuum is maintained at 10-15 Pa, and the freeze-drying time is 12-13 hours.
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| CN202210206553.7A CN114588217A (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Processing method for removing toxicity of rhizoma curculiginis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117598065A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-27 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for promoting quick germination of curculigo seeds |
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2022
- 2022-03-04 CN CN202210206553.7A patent/CN114588217A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117598065A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-27 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for promoting quick germination of curculigo seeds |
| CN117598065B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-03-26 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for promoting quick germination of curculigo seeds |
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