CN114573650A - 一种parp抑制剂杂质tsl-1502dh及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种parp抑制剂杂质tsl-1502dh及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化学和药物化学领域,具体涉及一种PARP抑制剂杂质及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚腺二磷酸核糖聚合酶[poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase,PARP],又称之为聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合成酶(PARS),聚腺苷二磷酸转移酶(PADPRT),是一类存在于多数真核细胞中的细胞核酶。它可以将尼克酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸裂解为尼克酰胺和ADP-核糖,并在靶向蛋白上形成长链或者支链的ADP-核糖聚合物,以此调控蛋白的功能,这些蛋白酶包括组蛋白、拓扑异构酶和PARP本身。
Chambon等人在1963年首次报道以来,到目前为止共有17个PARP,其中包括PARP-1和PARP-2等7种PARP酶被表征和确证。PARP家族作为一类多功能蛋白质翻译后修饰酶,尽管对其亚型的功能研究在不断拓展,由于PARP-1/2是PARP家族中最丰富的核酶,且大于90%DNA损伤依赖PARP-1修复;在PARP-1缺陷的细胞中,PARP-2负责DNA损伤修复。
PARP抑制剂通过抑制肿瘤细胞DNA损伤修复、促进肿瘤细胞发生凋亡,从而可增强放疗以及烷化剂和铂类药物化疗的疗效。PARP抑制剂还可以单独用于BRCA突变肿瘤的治疗。
中国专利CN102510863A(本发明中简称为文献1)0177段公开了一种结构如下的PARP抑制剂,代号为:TSL-1502,
TSL-1502的化学名为:(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三羟基-6-(3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-氧基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-甲酸,在文献1中,其可以用于肿瘤的治疗。
中国专利CN 102786553 B(本发明中简称为文献2)公开了以下化合物
其中,式Ⅱ化合物被认为是式I化合物(包括TSL-1502)的一种杂质,通常其含量在2%~15%之间,因此需要移除。文中虽提及了式Ⅱ化合物的制备,但没有具体公开。
为保证TSL-1502的产品质量,需要对该杂质含量进行控制,因此需要一种检测方法。
本发明人经过研究,提供一种式Ⅱ化合物的合成方法,所述方法,操作简便、成本低廉,且纯度高,为TSL-1502的工艺研究和质量控制提供高纯度的杂质样品或标准品,用于产品质量的检测。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的是提供一种式Ⅱ化合物中的一个具体化合物,该具体化合物被命名为:TSL-1502DH,结构见式3:
本发明的第二目的是提供TSL-1502DH的制备方法。
本发明所述的制备方法,其反应式如下:
操作步骤如下:
(1)化合物1在催化剂的作用下消除反应生成化合物2;
(2)化合物2在碱性条件下脱保护基水解反应生成TSL-1502DH;
所述反应式中:
化合物DBU为1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯。
化合物1为(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三乙酰氧基-6-((3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-基)氧基)-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-甲酸甲酯。
化合物2为(2S,3R,4S)-3,4-二乙酰氧基-2-((3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-基)氧基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-6-甲酸甲酯。
目标化合物3(即TSL-1502DH)为(2S,3R,4S)-3,4-二羟基-2-((3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-基)氧基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-6-羧酸。
具体操作步骤包括:
(1)将化合物1溶解在有机溶剂中,室温搅拌,滴加催化剂,升温至回流反应,停止反应冷却至室温,浓缩,除去有机溶剂和催化剂,得到化合物2;
(2)将化合物2溶解在有机溶剂中,降温至0℃-5℃,滴加碱溶液,待反应停止后,调节PH至6-7,除去有机溶剂,再调节PH至1~4,析晶,过滤,得到TSL-1502DH。
上述方法中:
所述步骤(1):
所述有机溶剂选自四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、乙腈或甲苯任意一种,其用量为化合物1质量的5~40倍体积,优选为20~25倍,进一步优选为25倍;
所用催化剂为DBU;
化合物1与DBU的摩尔比为1:2~4;优选摩尔比为1:2-3,进一步优选摩尔比为1:2.5。
升温方式为水浴、油浴、电热套加热任意一种,优选水浴升温;
所述反应时间是3-10个小时,优选为5-8个小时;
去除有机溶剂的方法为旋蒸;
去除催化剂的方法为柱层析;
柱层析方法是淋洗剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1。
所述步骤(2)中:
所述有机溶剂为选自四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷,乙腈,甲苯任意一种;
所述有机溶剂用量为化合物2质量的15~40倍体积,优选为20~30倍;
所述降温方法为冰水浴降温;
所述碱溶液为氢氧化锂,浓度为9%~10%;
所述碱溶液的用量为化合物2质量的5.8倍的体积;
反应温度为5-10℃;
反应时间1-3小时;
调pH使用的是酸,选自无机酸或者有机酸,优选盐酸;
除去有机溶剂的方法为旋蒸;
析晶方法是在pH值2~4,保温0-5℃静止析晶18-25小时;进一步优选PH≈3.3。
本发明人研究该反应的反应机理:
本发明的第三目的是提供TSL-1502DH的应用,即为PARP抑制剂TSL-1502质量方面研究提供对照品。
本发明进一步提供TSL-1502DH的高效液相色谱检测方法,所述方法,步骤如下:
取TSL-1502DH样品,用流动相制成每1ml约含0.6mg的溶液,作为供试品溶液;精密量取20μl注入液相色谱仪,保留时间为24.709min的峰为TSL-1502DH样品峰。
高效液相色谱条件:Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(250mm*4.6mm 5um)色谱柱;以磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(取磷酸二氢钾1.36g,用水1000ml使溶解,用三乙胺调pH至7.5)-甲醇=56:44为流动相;流速为每分钟1ml;检测波长为307nm;柱温为30℃。
基于上述检测方法,可以将本发明方法合成的杂质TSL-1502DH作为标准对照品,应用于TSL-1502原料药及其制剂中杂质含量的检测,以便对TSL-1502进行定性定量分析。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、本发明的制备方法中,选用DBU作为催化剂,具有更好的选择性。在该反应中DBU起到两个作用,其中一个作用是利用DBU的碱性特征,中和反应产生的醋酸根离子;另一个作用是催化作用。
2、在步骤(2)中,选用氢氧化锂作为碱溶液是根据原料药工艺进行选择的,具有更好的选择性,可以形成锂盐,且碱浓度适宜,使TSL-1502DH收率不低于87%。
3、本发明提供的PARP抑制剂工艺杂质的制备方法简单,可操作性强,产品纯度不低于98.14%,满足作为PARP抑制剂工艺杂质对照品的质量要求,为PARP抑制剂成品的质量研究提供依据,推动了PARP抑制剂类药物的研究工作。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1所制备的PARP抑制剂工艺杂质TSL-1502DH样品的质谱图;
图2为本发明实施例1所制备的PARP抑制剂工艺杂质TSL-1502DH样品的IR图;
图3为本发明实施例1所制备的PARP抑制剂工艺杂质TSL-1502DH样品的UV图(溶剂:0.1mol/L HCL溶液)
图4为TSL-1502DH样品的高效液相色谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
1、向250ml的三口瓶中加入3.95g(6.27mmol)(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三乙酰氧基-6-((3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-基)氧基)-四氢-2H-吡喃-2-甲酸甲酯(化合物1)和100ml四氢呋喃(为化合物1重量的25.4倍),室温搅拌下,滴加2.38g(15.67mmol,2.5eq)1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU,相当于化合物1的物质的量的2.50倍),滴加完毕后,油浴升温,回流反应6h。停止反应,冷却至室温。旋蒸浓缩(T=35℃,P=0.09MPa)除去四氢呋喃得到粗品。柱层析(淋洗剂:二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)去除DBU得到产物(化合物2)2.25g,产率63%。
2、向100ml的三口瓶中加入2.25g(3.95mmol)(2S,3R,4S)-3,4-二乙酰氧基-2-((3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-基)氧基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-6-甲酸甲酯(化合物2)、四氢呋喃(45ml,为化合物2重量的20倍体积),冰水浴降温,待温度降到0℃-5℃,滴加氢氧化锂水溶液(13ml)(配制方法:称取10g一水氢氧化锂,用50ml水溶解),保温5℃-10℃反应2h。停止反应,用盐酸调节PH至6-7。旋蒸浓缩(T=35℃,P=0.09MPa)除去四氢呋喃,然后用浓盐酸将反应液调节PH至3.3左右,保温0℃-5℃静止析晶20h。过滤得到1.62g产品(TSL-1502DH),产率87%,HPLC纯度为98.14%。纯度检测方法:高效液相色谱条件:Agilent Zorbax SB-C18(250mm*4.6mm5um)色谱柱;以磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(取磷酸二氢钾1.36g,用水1000ml使溶解,用三乙胺调pH至7.5)-甲醇=56:44为流动相;流速为每分钟1ml;检测波长为307nm;柱温为30℃。
实验例2:结构确证:
(一)质谱测定:
仪器:Agilent 1260-6230TOF LC-MS质谱仪
溶剂:甲醇
离子化方式:ESI(-),120V
1、高分辨质谱图
TSL-1502DH样品的质谱图/高分辨质谱测定结果见图1。
2、测试数据
表1.TSL-1502DH样品的质谱测定结果
质荷比(m/z) | 备注 |
471.2 | [M-H]<sup>-</sup> |
3、解析
样品的[M-H]—峰的质荷比分别为471,本品的分子量为472,与TSL-1502DH的分子量相同;本品的分子量为偶数,分子结构中应含偶数个N原子,这与本品含4个N原子相符。HRMS测得本品的[M-H]-峰的测定质量为471.22305,与其理论值471.22491的误差为-1.86mDa,相对误差为-3.82ppm,其离子分子式为C24H31N4O6,故其分子式为C24H32N4O6,上述结果与TSL-1502DH的分子式一致。
(二)红外测定:
仪器:Bruker TENSOR 27型红外光谱仪
仪器校正:用聚苯乙烯薄膜的红外光谱吸收峰对仪器波数进行校正(参考中国药典2015年版四部通则0402红外分光光度法)
方法:KBr压片法
1、红外吸收光谱图
TSL-1502DH样品的红外吸收光谱图见图2。
2、测试数据
表2.TSL-1502DH样品的红外吸收光谱测定结果
3、解析:
a.3381、3182cm-1:O-H伸缩振动;1397cm-1:O-H弯曲振动;1052cm-1:C-O伸缩振动;664cm-1:C-O-H面外弯曲振动。说明本品结构中有仲醇(-OH)结构;
b.3400~2500cm-1:O-H伸缩振动;1664cm-1:C=O伸缩振动;1397cm-1:C-O伸缩振动;1278cm-1:O-H弯曲振动。说明本品结构中有羧酸(-COOH)结构;
c.2965、2945、2881cm-1:C-H伸缩振动;1437、1371、1343cm-1:C-H弯曲振动;967cm-1:环呼吸振动。说明本品结构中含亚甲基、甲基和环已烷结构;
d.1598、1506、1397cm-1:C=C、C=N伸缩振动;967cm-1:环呼吸振动;862cm-1:=C-H面外弯曲振动。证明本品结构中存在吡啶环、杂环和三取代烯结构;
e.1248、1025、931、792cm-1:C-O-C伸缩振动。说明本品结构中含芳烷醚(ArOR)和环醚结构。
由红外光谱可知,本品结构中含仲醇(-OH)、羧酸(-COOH)、吡啶环、杂环、三取代烯、芳烷醚(ArOR)、环醚、亚甲基、甲基和环已烷结构等。上述红外光谱数据与TSL-1502DH结构相符。
(三)紫外吸收光谱解析数据:
仪器:Shimadzu UV-2550PC紫外光谱仪
溶剂:0.1mol/L HCl溶液
供试液:精密称取TSL-1502DH样品适量,溶于上述溶液中,样品的浓度为19.4μg/ml。
测定波长:200-500nm
1、紫外光谱图
TSL-1502DH样品在0.1mol/L HCl溶液中的紫外光谱图见图3。
2、测定数据
表3.TSL-1502DH样品的紫外吸收光谱测定结果
溶剂 | λmax(nm) | ε |
0.1mol/L HCl溶液 | 300.0 | 1.07×104 |
3、解析
(四)核磁谱解析数据:
仪器:BRUKER AV-300型核磁共振仪
溶剂:DMSO-d6+TFA-d
内标:TMS
温度:303K
1、测试数据:
表4.TSL-1502DH样品的核磁共振测定结果
2、解析
由于本品几乎不溶于有机溶剂或水中,但是在加入极少量的酸后,样品有很好的溶解性,且样品在较长时间内(核磁共振谱的测定周期内),故最后采用DMSO-d6+TFA-d为NMR测定溶剂;但是在上述溶剂中测定时,出现二组NMR信号,即大部分同一位置的C信号有2个(二组);而在氢谱中,本品结构中的质子除甲基信号外,其余均为饱和环上的质子,均为高级偶合图谱,在氢谱上基本无法区分,只能通过HSQC谱来确定其大致化学位移值。同时,和TSL-1502情况类似,HMBC谱信号较少,部分C信号无法明确区分,只能结合TSL-1502的碳谱数据对部分C信号进行大概归属。
δ10~100为饱和C,δ105~180为不饱和C。由氢谱、碳谱、DEPT谱和各种二维谱,并结合TSL-1502的碳谱数据可知:
a.δ3.23/3.18、1.70和0.95,COSY谱表明它们为一个自旋体系,为正丙基上的质子,它们分别为H19、H20和H21;由HSQC谱可得到C19、C20和C21的化学位移值分别为δ55.9/56.5(同一位置的C信号出现不同化学位移值时,以A/B表示,其中A的强度大于B,下同)、18.8/18.6和10.83/10.79;
b.δ6.68(1H,d)、6.03(1H,d)、4.16(1H,t)和3.84(1H,t),COSY谱表明它们为一个自旋体系,为脱水糖环上的4个质子,结合其化学位移值和峰形,它们分别为H22、H25、H24和H23;由HSQC谱可得到C22、C25、C24和C23的化学位移值分别为δ93.8、113.1、66.0和69.5;
c.δ33.4:另一个伯C,为C14;
d.δ21.3、21.6、22.6、26.1/26.2、29.7/30.5、52.6/53.9和57.3/57.0:7种仲C,由其化学位移值可分为二类:δ52.6/53.9和57.3/57.0为二种与N原子相连的仲C,为C17及C18,由HSQC谱可得到其相连质子化学位移值分别为δ3.72,3.28/3.74,3.25和3.97,3.42/3.87,3.58;另外5种仲C中,结合其化学位移值可知,δ29.7/30.5为C16;另4种仲C则为二烯取代环己烷上的4种仲C,结合其化学位移值,δ21.3和21.6为C7及C8,而δ22.6和26.1/26.2则为C6及C9;再由HSQC谱可得到其相连质子的化学位移值,详见表4;
e.δ36.0/35.6另外一种饱和叔C,为C14;
f.δ108.9、114.5/114.4、140.5、141.4/141.7、143.1/143.2、146.9/147.0、159.4和163.0:8种不饱和季C,它们的归属可由化学位移值和HMBC谱得到:(1)δ159.4和163.0为2个羰基C,分别为C11和C27;(2)δ146.9/147.0的季C与甲基质子H14(3.90ppm)有远程相关关系,为C13;(3)δ141.4/141.7的季C与四氢吡咯环上的质子(4.09,2.40/4.24,2.33ppm)有远程相关关系,为C3;(4)δ140.5的季C与脱水糖环上的质子(6.68,6.03ppm)有远程相关关系,为C26;(5)剩下的3个季C:δ143.1/143.2、114.5/114.4、108.9中,由化学位移值可确定δ143.1/143.2为C5;δ114.5/114.4的季C与环已烷上的质子(2.69、2.54ppm)有远程相关关系,为C10;δ108.9的季C则为C4。
由NMR谱可知,本品的NMR数据与TSL-1502DH结构相符。
综上所述,本品为(2S,3R,4S)-3,4-二羟基-2-((3-甲基-1-((S)-1-丙基吡咯烷-3-基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-3H-吡唑并[3,4-c]异喹啉-5-基)氧基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-6-羧酸,即为TSL-1502DH,其结构式如下:
最后有必要在此说明的是:以上实施例只用于对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细的说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法,
操作步骤如下:
(1)化合物1在催化剂的作用下消除反应生成化合物2;
(2)化合物2在碱性条件下脱保护基水解反应生成化合物3。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,操作步骤(1)中,方法为:将化合物1溶解在有机溶剂中,室温搅拌,滴加催化剂,升温至回流反应,停止反应冷却至室温,浓缩,除去有机溶剂和催化剂,得到化合物2。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述(2)中,方法为:将化合物2溶解在有机溶剂中,降温至0℃-5℃,滴加碱溶液,待反应停止后,调节PH至6-7,除去有机溶剂,再调节PH至1~4,析晶,过滤,得到化合物3。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,
所述有机溶剂选自四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷、乙腈或甲苯任意一种,其用量为化合物1质量的5~40倍体积;
所用催化剂为DBU;
化合物1与DBU的摩尔比为1:2~4;
升温方式为水浴、油浴、电热套加热任意一种;
所述反应时间是3-10个小时;
去除有机溶剂的方法为旋蒸;
去除催化剂的方法为柱层析。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,
所述有机溶剂为选自四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷,乙腈,甲苯任意一种;
所述有机溶剂用量为化合物2质量的15~40倍体积;
所述降温方法为冰水浴降温;
所述碱溶液为氢氧化锂,浓度为9%~10%;
所述碱溶液的用量为化合物2质量的5.8倍的体积;
反应温度为5-10℃;
反应时间1-3小时;
调pH使用的是酸,选自无机酸或者有机酸;
除去有机溶剂的方法为旋蒸;
析晶方法是在pH值2~4,保温0-5℃静止析晶18-25小时。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,
所述有机溶剂用量为化合物1质量的20~25倍体积;
化合物1与DBU的摩尔比为1:2-3。
升温方式水浴升温;
所述反应时间是5-8个小时;
柱层析方法的淋洗剂为:二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,
所述有机溶剂用量为化合物2质量的20~30倍体积;
调pH使用的是盐酸;
析晶方法是在pH值3.3,保温0-5℃静止析晶18-25小时。
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