CN114569311B - Multi-angle head support traction device - Google Patents
Multi-angle head support traction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114569311B CN114569311B CN202210274013.2A CN202210274013A CN114569311B CN 114569311 B CN114569311 B CN 114569311B CN 202210274013 A CN202210274013 A CN 202210274013A CN 114569311 B CN114569311 B CN 114569311B
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- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 44
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010069689 Spinal column injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010039722 scoliosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 208000020431 spinal cord injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010013183 Dislocation of vertebra Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010023204 Joint dislocation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033892 Paraplegia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/04—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints
- A61F5/042—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints for extension or stretching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-angle head supporting traction device, which is characterized in that a supporting frame is fixedly connected with an operating table, a guide cylinder is arranged on the supporting frame and can move forwards and backwards, a spring cylinder is arranged on the front side of the guide cylinder through a push rod, a spring, a gasket and a first pressure sensor are sequentially and coaxially arranged in the spring cylinder from front to back, an electric cylinder arranged on the front side of the spring cylinder can push the movement of the spring cylinder, the traction cylinder can apply thrust to the push rod through the spring so as to push the movement of the guide cylinder, the traction of the head of a patient is realized, a lifting column can move up and down and position, a motor is arranged at the upper end of the lifting column and can drive the horizontal rotation of a transverse swing arm, a chute frame is rotationally connected with the front end of a yaw arm, a rotating frame is rotationally arranged at the upper end of the chute frame and can be locked by a locking wheel, the rotating frame has six spatial degrees of freedom and is rotationally arranged at the front end of the rotating frame, the holding frame can be connected with the head of the patient through a plurality of skull nails, the torsion column can be coaxially nested with the skull nails, and the skull nails can not loosen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a multi-angle head support traction device.
Background
With the development of society and the progress of human beings, more and more cervical vertebra injury patients are caused by traffic accidents, high altitude falling and other reasons, and cervical vertebra injury is a common acute, dangerous and serious disease, especially cervical vertebra fracture is accompanied with joint dislocation and spinal cord injury, and the possibility of life danger and high paraplegia at any time exists; as is known, the cervical vertebra operation has high difficulty and high risk, the requirement on each operation link is very high, the operation is very likely to fail due to carelessness, and the patient dies rapidly due to paralysis and disability caused by light weight.
Head traction is a first-choice treatment method for clinically treating cervical vertebra fracture and dislocation, especially for patients with spinal cord injury, and is also an important means for traction reduction before and during operation; head traction refers to fixing a skull nail on the skull of a patient, and connecting a traction device formed by a weight through a traction rope and a pulley, so that the traction force resists the force of spasm or contraction of limb muscles, and the purpose of fracture reduction or fixation is achieved; the traction direction should be in principle consistent with the axis direction of the cervical vertebra, but needs to be slightly adjusted according to different dislocation types, for example, the traction direction of the cervical vertebra front dislocation (that is, the upper cervical vertebra moves to the front of the lower cervical vertebra) should be slightly deviated to the rear of the axis, so that the traction force in the axis direction exists and the traction force component in the rear direction exists; guiding direction of cervical vertebra dislocation patient should be slightly deviated to front of axis; when the cervical vertebra fracture reduction is carried out on a patient with long-term scoliosis and solidification, the lateral traction angle of the head of the patient needs to be adjusted according to the scoliosis; even in partial craniocerebral juncture area deformity cases, the patient needs to be changed from the supine position to the prone position, but the existing head traction devices are mostly in a fixed form and can not well meet the operation requirements; in addition, the traditional head traction device adopts the skull nail to be connected with the head of a patient, the traditional skull nail needs to be screwed up every day in the postoperative care process, traction object falling and scalp tearing caused by loosening are prevented, the work load of medical staff is increased, and serious injury to the patient is possible to happen if the head traction device is ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the multi-angle head support traction device which can realize traction of multiple angles on the head of a patient and solve the problem that the traditional fixed traction frame cannot rotate when the patient changes from a supine position to a prone position.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: multi-angle head supports draw gear, its characterized in that: the middle position of the support frame is longitudinally provided with a hollow groove, the front end of the support frame is fixedly arranged at the lower side of one end of the operating table, and the upper side of the support frame is provided with two longitudinally parallel guide rails; the guide cylinder is arranged in the empty slot of the support frame and is arranged on two guide rails on the upper side of the support frame through two sliding blocks to form a moving pair, the lifting column is arranged in the guide cylinder and can move up and down and be positioned, and the motor is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lifting column and can realize the rotation and the positioning of the transverse swing arm on the horizontal plane so as to change the traction direction of the head of a patient; the spring cylinder is arranged on the front side of the guide cylinder through the push rod, the spring, the gasket and the first pressure sensor are coaxially arranged in the spring cylinder from front to back in sequence, an electric cylinder arranged on the front side of the spring cylinder can push the spring cylinder to move, the traction cylinder can apply thrust to the push rod through the spring so as to push the guide cylinder to move, the head of a patient is pulled, and the first pressure sensor can monitor the traction force in real time; the sliding chute frame is arranged on the upper side of the front end of the yaw arm and forms a revolute pair, the thrust bearing and the second pressure sensor are coaxially arranged between the sliding chute frame and the yaw arm in sequence from top to bottom, the second pressure sensor can monitor the supporting force on the head of a patient in real time and can transmit the supporting force value to the control system, and the rotating frame is arranged on the upper end of the sliding chute frame and forms the revolute pair; the front end of the retainer is circumferentially and uniformly provided with a plurality of circular concave tables, each circular concave table is provided with a threaded hole and fourteen positioning holes, the retainer is rotationally connected with the rotating frame, the rear end of the retainer is connected with the steel wire rope, skull nails are arranged in the threaded holes on the circular concave tables and form thread pairs, and the skull nails realize the connection of the retainer and the head of a patient; the torsion column can be coaxially nested with the skull nail, an elastic energy storage component is arranged in the torsion column and can be used for stopping rotation and positioning through a positioning hole on the circular concave table, and the elastic energy storage component always has a trend of driving the skull nail to screw clockwise, so that the skull nail can be ensured not to loosen and fall off.
Preferably, the fourteen positioning holes are distributed at equal intervals in a circular shape with the corresponding threaded holes as the center.
Preferably, the right end of the skull nail is provided with a regular hexagonal nut, the inserted link at the left end of the skull nail is smaller than the minor diameter of the thread section, and the inserted link and the thread section are transited through an inclined plane.
Preferably, the number of skull nails is not less than four.
Preferably, the height position of the head of the patient is inevitably fluctuated when the body position is changed, and in the process, the lifting column can dynamically move up and down according to the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor, and stable support and traction are provided for the head of the patient all the time.
Preferably, the spacer is located at the front side of the first pressure sensor, and the spacer can uniformly transmit the thrust of the spring to the first pressure sensor.
Preferably, the torsion column mainly comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, elastic sheets and a positioning rod, wherein the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder and forms a revolute pair, the elastic energy storage component consists of three elastic sheets made of elastic rubber, and the three elastic sheets are uniformly distributed and arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the outer side of the outer cylinder is provided with anti-skid stripes, the bottom side of the outer cylinder is provided with two positioning rods, and the two positioning rods can be inserted into two opposite positioning holes to realize the rotation-stopping positioning of the outer cylinder.
Preferably, the center of the inner cylinder is a regular hexagon hole, and the regular hexagon hole can be nested outside the screw cap, so that the inner cylinder and the skull nail form a rotary whole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the retainer has six space degrees of freedom, wherein the retainer is rotationally connected with the rotating frame to form a transverse axis rotational degree of freedom, the rotating frame is rotationally connected with the sliding groove frame to form a longitudinal axis rotational degree of freedom, the sliding groove frame is rotationally connected with the yaw arm to form a vertical axis rotational degree of freedom, the lifting action of the lifting column to form a vertical axis movement degree of freedom, the front-back movement of the guide cylinder to form a longitudinal axis movement degree of freedom, and the yaw arm is rotationally connected with the lifting column to form a transverse axis movement degree of freedom; the retainer can achieve multi-angle traction on the head of a patient due to the abundant degrees of freedom. (2) The pad can uniformly transmit the thrust of the spring to the first pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor can monitor the traction force of the head of a patient in real time and transmit the pressure value to the control system, so that the quantitative operation data are convenient, and meanwhile, the damage to the patient caused by overlarge traction force can be avoided; (3) the second pressure sensor can monitor the supporting force of the head of the patient in real time, and the lifting column can dynamically move up and down according to the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor and always provide stable support and traction for the head of the patient; (4) fifth embodiment: when a patient needs to change between a supine position and a prone position, the head of the patient can rotate with the body, and in the process, the retainer drives the rotating frame to rotate along the longitudinal axis; (5) the spring cylinder applies thrust to the guide cylinder through the spring, so that the compression amount of the spring can be changed by controlling the movement amount of the guide cylinder, and the size of the traction force can be adjusted, namely, the traction force is controlled by controlling the displacement, so that the traction force is easy to accurately control and maintain; (6) the small diameter of the screw thread section of the skull nail is larger than the diameter of the drilling hole, so that the inclined plane can be pressed at the outer end of the drilling hole, and the four skull nails are circumferentially distributed and are connected with the skull of a patient together, thereby not only realizing the fixation of the head of the patient, but also preventing the irreversible injury to the patient caused by excessive screwing depth of the skull nails; (7) when the skull nail is screwed, the regular hexagon hole in the center of the inner cylinder of the torsion column can be sleeved outside the nut, the outer cylinder is pressed downwards after the rotating outer cylinder rotates clockwise by a certain angle, so that the two positioning rods are inserted into the positioning holes, and the three elastic sheets are stretched in the process, so that under the tensile force action of the three elastic sheets, the inner cylinder always has the tendency of driving the skull nail to screw clockwise, and the skull nail can be ensured not to loosen and fall off.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional schematic view of the spring cartridge position.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the chute rack.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the cage location.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cranial screw.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure of the torsion post.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the torsion post.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a state when pulling down to the right.
Reference numerals: 1 supporting frame, 2 guiding cylinder, 2.1 sliding plate, 2.2 connecting lug, 3 spring cylinder, 4 electric cylinder, 5 lifting column, 6 motor, 7 horizontal swing arm, 8 chute frame, 9 rotating frame, 9.1 annular guide rail, 10 holder, 10.1 screw hole, 10.2 locating hole, 10.3 rotating shaft, 11 torsion column, 11.1 outer cylinder, 11.2 inner cylinder, 11.3 elastic sheet, 11.4 locating rod, 12 operating table, 13 locking wheel, 14 push rod, 14.1 pressing plate, 15 first pressure sensor, 16 spring, 17 gasket, 18 thrust bearing, 19 second pressure sensor, 20 skull nail, 20.1 nut, 20.2 inserting rod, 20.3 inclined plane.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, illustrative examples and illustrations of which are provided herein to illustrate the invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-angle head support traction device mainly comprises a support frame 1, a guide cylinder 2, a spring cylinder 3, an electric cylinder 4, a lifting column 5, a motor 6, a yaw arm 7, a chute frame 8, a rotating frame 9, a retainer 10, a torsion column 11, an operating table 12, a locking wheel 13, a push rod 14, a first pressure sensor 15, a spring 16, a gasket 17, a thrust bearing 18, a second pressure sensor 19 and a skull nail 20, wherein the front end of the support frame 1 is fixedly arranged at the lower side of one end of the operating table 12 through screws, the rear end of the support frame 1 is of a horizontal structure, a hollow groove is longitudinally arranged at the middle position of the support frame, and two longitudinally parallel guide rails are arranged at the upper side of the support frame 1; the guide cylinder 2 is square, a square cavity is vertically arranged in the guide cylinder 2, a connecting lug 2.2 is arranged at the front side of the upper end of the guide cylinder 2, a sliding plate 2.1 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the guide cylinder 2, the sliding plate 2.1 is of a transversely arranged platy structure, two sliding blocks are fixedly arranged at the lower side of the sliding plate 2.1 through screws, and the two sliding blocks are respectively matched with two guide rails at the upper side of the support frame 1 and form a moving pair.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a smooth cylindrical cavity is arranged in the spring cylinder 3, and a smooth round hole is arranged in the center of the rear end of the cylindrical cavity; the front end of the push rod 14 is provided with a circular pressing plate 14.1, the push rod 14 is coaxially arranged in a smooth round hole at the rear end of the spring cylinder 3 and can move back and forth and rotate, meanwhile, the pressing plate 14.1 is positioned in a cylindrical cavity in the spring cylinder 3, and the rear end of the push rod 14 is rotationally connected with the connecting lug 2.2; the first pressure sensor 15 is a pressure sensor with a ring structure, the first pressure sensor 15 and the gasket 17 are coaxially arranged on the front side of the pressing plate 14.1, and the gasket 17 is positioned on the front side of the first pressure sensor 15; the spring 16 is arranged in a cylindrical cavity in the spring cylinder 3, the front end of the spring 16 is pressed against the front end in the spring cylinder 3, and the rear end of the spring 16 is pressed against the front side of the gasket 17; the front end of the electric cylinder 4 is rotationally connected with the front end inside the support frame 1, and the rear end of the electric cylinder 4 is fixedly connected with the front end of the spring cylinder 3 through threads; therefore, the electric cylinder 4 can extend to enable the spring cylinder 3 to move backwards, the spring cylinder 3 enables the guide cylinder 2 to move backwards through the compression spring 16 so as to achieve traction on the head of a patient, and in the traction process of the head of the patient, the first pressure sensor 15 can monitor the axial pressure from the spring 16, namely the magnitude of traction in real time, and the traction value is fed back to the control system in real time.
As shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the lifting column 5 is of a square structure, the cross section size of the square structure is the same as that of the square cavity in the guide cylinder 2, the lifting column 5 is arranged in the square cavity in the guide cylinder 2 and forms a moving pair, and an electric lifting structure is arranged in the guide cylinder 2 and can realize the up-and-down movement and positioning of the lifting column 5; the encoder and the brake are integrated in the motor 6, so that accurate angle rotation and locking positioning can be realized, and the motor 6 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lifting column 5; the yaw arm 7 is arranged at the upper end of the lifting column 5, and the rear end of the yaw arm 7 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor 6, so that the motor 6 can realize rotation and positioning of the yaw arm 7.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the upper end of the chute frame 8 is of a transversely arranged arc surface structure, an arc groove is circumferentially arranged on the inner side of the arc surface structure, the cross section of the arc groove is of an inverted T-shaped structure, the right end of the chute frame 8 is provided with a locking screw hole, and the locking screw hole is communicated with the arc groove at the upper end of the chute frame 8; the lower end of the locking wheel 13 is of a circular ring-shaped hand wheel structure, the upper end of the locking wheel 13 is of a thread structure, and the locking wheel 13 and a locking screw hole at the right end of the chute frame 8 are coaxially arranged and form a thread pair; the lower end of the chute frame 8 is arranged on the upper side of the front end of the yaw arm 7 and forms a revolute pair, the second pressure sensor 19 is a pressure sensor with a ring structure, the thrust bearing 18 and the second pressure sensor 19 are coaxially arranged between the chute frame 8 and the yaw arm 7, and the thrust bearing 18 is positioned on the upper side of the second pressure sensor 19, so that the second pressure sensor 19 can monitor the axial pressure from the chute frame 8 in real time.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, the rotating frame 9 is in a circular ring structure, two coaxial circular holes are transversely arranged at the front end of the rotating frame 9, an annular guide rail 9.1 is circumferentially arranged at the outer side of the rotating frame 9, the cross section of the annular guide rail 9.1 is in a T-shaped structure, the cross section size of the T-shaped structure is the same as that of an arc groove at the upper end of the chute frame 8, the rotating frame 9 is arranged at the upper end of the chute frame 8, and the annular guide rail 9.1 is matched with the arc groove at the upper end of the chute frame 8 so that the rotating frame 9 can rotate freely relative to the chute frame 8; rotating the locking wheel 13 clockwise causes its upper end to compress the annular guide rail 9.1, thereby locking the rotation of the turret 9.
As shown in fig. 4, the retainer 10 is of a ring structure, two concentric rotating shafts 10.3 are transversely arranged at the rear end of the retainer 10, the two rotating shafts 10.3 are respectively coaxially and rotatably connected with two round holes at the front end of the rotating frame 9, a plurality of threaded holes 10.1 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the front end of the retainer 10, the axis of each threaded hole 10.1 is in the radial direction of the retainer 10, a circular concave table is arranged at the outer end of each threaded hole 10.1, fourteen positioning holes 10.2 are respectively arranged on each concave table, and the fourteen positioning holes 10.2 are distributed circularly and equidistantly by taking the corresponding threaded hole 10.1 as the center.
As shown in fig. 5, the skull nail 20 is provided with threads, the right end of the skull nail 20 is provided with a nut 20.1, the shape of the nut 20.1 is of a regular hexagon structure, the end face of the nut 20.1 is provided with a cross groove structure which can be matched with a screwdriver, the left end of the skull nail 20 is provided with a inserted link 20.2, the diameter of the inserted link 20.2 is smaller than the minor diameter of the threaded section of the skull nail 20, and transition is carried out between the inserted link 20.2 and the threaded section through an inclined plane 20.3.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the torsion column 11 is in a cylindrical structure, the torsion column 11 mainly comprises an outer cylinder 11.1, an inner cylinder 11.2, elastic sheets 11.3 and a positioning rod 11.4, wherein the inner cylinder 11.2 is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder 11.1 and forms a revolute pair, the elastic sheets 11.3 are sheet-shaped structures made of elastic rubber, three elastic sheets 11.3 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged between the inner cylinder 11.2 and the outer cylinder 11.1, one end of each elastic sheet 11.3 is fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the inner cylinder 11.2, and the other end of each elastic sheet 11.3 is fixedly connected with the inner side surface of the outer cylinder 11.1; the center of the inner cylinder 11.2 is a regular hexagon hole, and the size of the regular hexagon hole is slightly larger than that of the regular hexagon structure of the nut 20.1; the outer side of the outer cylinder 11.1 is provided with anti-skid stripes, the bottom side of the outer cylinder 11.1 is provided with two positioning rods 11.4, the diameter of each positioning rod 11.4 is slightly smaller than that of each positioning hole 10.2, and the positions of the two positioning rods 11.4 are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the torsion column 11.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the skull nail 20 can be installed in the threaded hole 10.1 and form a thread pair, the inserting rod 20.2 can be inserted into the drill hole on the skull by rotating the screw cap 20.1 clockwise, the minor diameter of the thread section of the skull nail 20 is larger than the diameter of the drill hole, so that the inclined plane 20.3 can be tightly pressed at the outer end of the drill hole, and the four skull nails 20 are circumferentially distributed and jointly connected with the skull of a patient, thereby not only realizing the fixation of the head of the patient, but also preventing the excessive screwing depth of the skull nail 20 from causing irreversible injury to the patient; when the skull nail 20 is screwed, the regular hexagon hole in the center of the inner cylinder 11.2 of the torsion column 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the screw cap 20.1, the outer cylinder 11.1 is pressed downwards after the outer cylinder 11.1 rotates clockwise by a certain angle, two positioning rods 11.4 are inserted into the positioning holes 10.2, and in the process, the three elastic sheets 11.3 are stretched, so that under the action of the tension of the three elastic sheets 11.3, the inner cylinder 11.2 always has a tendency of driving the skull nail 20 to screw clockwise, and the skull nail 20 can be ensured not to loosen and fall off.
Embodiment one: a plurality of threaded holes 10.1 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the retainer 10, and proper positioning points can be adopted according to the actual conditions of different patients, so that the four skull nails 20 fix the heads of the patients.
Embodiment two: the retainer 10 has six spatial degrees of freedom, wherein the retainer 10 is rotationally connected with the rotating frame 9 to form a transverse axis rotational degree of freedom, the rotating frame 9 is rotationally connected with the sliding chute frame 8 to form a vertical axis rotational degree of freedom, the sliding chute frame 8 is rotationally connected with the transverse swing arm 7 to form a vertical axis rotational degree of freedom, the lifting action of the lifting column 5 to form a vertical axis movement degree of freedom, the forward and backward movement of the guide cylinder 2 to form a longitudinal axis movement degree of freedom, and the transverse swing arm 7 is rotationally connected with the lifting column 5 to form a transverse axis movement degree of freedom; the abundant freedom enables the cage 10 to achieve multi-angle traction on the patient's head.
Embodiment III: the electric cylinder 4 drives the guide cylinder 2 to move backwards so that the retainer 10 can realize traction on the head of a patient; when the yaw arm 7 is in a longitudinal state and the center of the rotating frame 9 is equal to the center of the head of the patient, the longitudinal axis traction can be realized on the head of the patient; when the yaw arm 7 is in a longitudinal state and the center of the rotating frame 9 is higher than the center of the head of the patient, the head of the patient can be pulled upwards in a biased way; when the yaw arm 7 is in a longitudinal state and the center of the rotating frame 9 is lower than the center of the head of the patient, the head of the patient can be pulled downwards; when the yaw arm 7 rotates leftwards and is positioned, the retainer 10 can be moved leftwards and the rotating frame 9 can be deflected clockwise, so that the head of a patient can be pulled leftwards; when the yaw arm 7 rotates and positions to the right, the retainer 10 can be moved to the right side while the rotating frame 9 deflects anticlockwise, so that the head of the patient is pulled to the right side.
Embodiment four: the lifting column 5 can adjust the supporting height of the head of the patient, the second pressure sensor 19 can monitor the supporting force of the head of the patient in real time, and after the stable support is formed, the control system can set the pressure value measured by the second pressure sensor 19 as a standard value A; when the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 19 is smaller than A, the lifting column 5 can be lifted upwards until the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 19 is equal to A; when the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 19 is greater than A, the lifting column 5 can be lowered downwards until the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 19 is equal to A, and stopping; therefore, when the body position of the patient is changed in the operation, the height position of the head of the patient is inevitably fluctuated, and in the process, the lifting column 5 can dynamically move up and down all the time according to the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor 19, and stable support and traction are always provided for the head of the patient.
Fifth embodiment: when a patient needs to change between a supine position and a prone position, the head of the patient can rotate with the body, and the loosening and locking wheel 13 is firstly screwed anticlockwise before the patient is overturned, so that the rotating frame 9 can rotate freely, and the retainer 10 can drive the rotating frame 9 to rotate freely along the longitudinal axis in the process of turning the patient.
Claims (9)
1. Multi-angle head supports draw gear, its characterized in that mainly includes:
the middle position of the support frame is longitudinally provided with a hollow groove, the front end of the support frame is fixedly arranged at the lower side of one end of the operating table, and the upper side of the support frame is provided with two longitudinally parallel guide rails;
the guide cylinder is arranged in the empty slot of the support frame and is arranged on two guide rails on the upper side of the support frame through two sliding blocks to form a moving pair, the lifting column is arranged in the guide cylinder and can move up and down and be positioned, and the motor is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lifting column and can realize the rotation and the positioning of the transverse swing arm on the horizontal plane so as to change the traction direction of the head of a patient;
the spring cylinder is arranged on the front side of the guide cylinder through the push rod, the spring, the gasket and the first pressure sensor are coaxially arranged in the spring cylinder from front to back in sequence, an electric cylinder arranged on the front side of the spring cylinder can push the spring cylinder to move, the traction cylinder can apply thrust to the push rod through the spring so as to push the guide cylinder to move, the head of a patient is pulled, and the first pressure sensor can monitor the traction force in real time;
the sliding chute frame is arranged on the upper side of the front end of the yaw arm and forms a revolute pair, the thrust bearing and the second pressure sensor are sequentially and coaxially arranged between the sliding chute frame and the yaw arm from top to bottom, the second pressure sensor can monitor the supporting force on the head of a patient in real time and can transmit the supporting force value to the control system, and the rotating frame is arranged on the upper end of the sliding chute frame and forms the revolute pair;
the front end of the retainer is circumferentially and uniformly provided with a plurality of circular concave tables, each circular concave table is provided with a threaded hole and fourteen positioning holes, the retainer is rotationally connected with the rotating frame, the rear end of the retainer is connected with a steel wire rope, skull nails are arranged in the threaded holes on the circular concave tables and form thread pairs, and the skull nails realize the connection of the retainer and the head of a patient;
the torsion column can be coaxially nested with the skull nail, an elastic energy storage component is arranged in the torsion column and can be used for stopping rotation and positioning through a positioning hole on the circular concave table, and the elastic energy storage component always has a trend of driving the skull nail to screw clockwise, so that the skull nail can be ensured not to loosen and fall off.
2. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 1, wherein: the fourteen positioning holes are distributed in a circular equidistant mode by taking the corresponding threaded holes as the center.
3. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 1, wherein: the right end of the skull nail is provided with a regular hexagonal nut, the inserted link at the left end of the skull nail is smaller than the minor diameter of the thread section, and the inserted link and the thread section are transited through an inclined plane.
4. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 1, wherein: the number of the skull nails is not less than four.
5. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 1, wherein: when the body position of the patient changes, the height position of the head of the patient can be fluctuated, in the process, the lifting column can dynamically move up and down according to the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor, and stable support and traction are provided for the head of the patient all the time.
6. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 1, wherein: the gasket is positioned at the front side of the first pressure sensor, and the gasket can uniformly transmit the thrust of the spring to the first pressure sensor.
7. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 1, wherein: the torsion column mainly comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, elastic sheets and a positioning rod, wherein the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer cylinder and forms a revolute pair, the elastic energy storage component consists of three elastic sheets made of elastic rubber, and the three elastic sheets are uniformly distributed and arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder in the circumferential direction.
8. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 7, wherein: the outer side of the outer cylinder is provided with anti-skid stripes, the bottom side of the outer cylinder is provided with two positioning rods, and the two positioning rods can be inserted into two opposite positioning holes to realize the rotation-stopping positioning of the outer cylinder.
9. The multi-angle head support traction device of claim 7, wherein: the center of the inner cylinder is a regular hexagon hole, and the regular hexagon hole can be nested outside the nut, so that the inner cylinder and the skull nail form a rotary whole.
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| CN202210274013.2A CN114569311B (en) | 2022-03-20 | 2022-03-20 | Multi-angle head support traction device |
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| CN202210274013.2A CN114569311B (en) | 2022-03-20 | 2022-03-20 | Multi-angle head support traction device |
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| CN114569311B true CN114569311B (en) | 2023-09-08 |
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| CN216060919U (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-03-18 | 高荣轩 | Skull traction head ring |
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| KR20040095647A (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-15 | 한정민 | A traction apparatus for the cervical vertebrae |
| CN101884561A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-11-17 | 苏州市百得医疗器械有限公司 | Skull traction frame |
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| CN114569311A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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Denomination of invention: Multi angle head support traction device Granted publication date: 20230908 Pledgee: Bank of Suzhou Co.,Ltd. Suzhou Xiangcheng sub branch Pledgor: Suzhou Xiacheng Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980000563 |
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