CN111407489A

CN111407489A - Skull traction device for cervical dislocation

Info

Publication number: CN111407489A
Application number: CN202010263390.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江武; 朱六龙; 何帆; 何齐芳
Original assignee: Hangzhou First Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Hangzhou First Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2020-04-07
Filing date: 2020-04-07
Publication date: 2020-07-14

Abstract

The invention discloses a skull traction device for cervical dislocation, which comprises a cabinet body, wherein one side of the top end of the cabinet body is rotatably provided with a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly is used for detachably connecting the cabinet body on a sickbed, the top end of the cabinet body is vertically provided with an extensible member, the top end of the extensible member is provided with a guide mechanism for guiding a traction rope, the cabinet body is internally provided with the traction member, the top end of the cabinet body is provided with a through hole, and the bottom end of the traction rope penetrates through the through hole and is wound on the output end of the traction. The invention can flexibly adapt to the height of the sickbed; the patient can be conveniently carried along with the sickbed; the increase of the traction force is in linear transition, the weight can be continuously increased, the relaxation of neck muscles and the creep of cervical vertebra are facilitated, the reduction is facilitated, and the manpower loss is reduced.

Description

Skull traction device for cervical dislocation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of skull traction, in particular to a skull traction device for cervical vertebra dislocation.

Background

Dislocation of the lower cervical vertebrae (usually referred to as 3 rd to 7 th cervical vertebrae) is a common clinical cervical vertebra injury, often causes unilateral or bilateral subluxation and total dislocation of the zygapophyseal joints, even combines fractures of vertebral bodies, vertebral plates and spinous processes, is often accompanied by spinal cord injuries of different degrees, and even endangers life. Therefore, the vertebral body sequence and the effective volume of the vertebral canal can be quickly recovered, the time for pressing the spinal cord is shortened, and the method is very important for creating favorable conditions for recovering the nerve function.

Most scholars consider the most safe, reliable, simple and effective method to be reduction by axial cranial traction.

However, when the cervical vertebra is dislocated and interlocked at present, the traditional shoulder fixed skull traction device is difficult to reset. The method of using the traditional shoulder fixed skull traction device is as follows: firstly, a certain initial weight is used for traction, the shooting is performed for a few hours for perspective, and if the shooting fails to reset, a certain traction weight is continuously increased. Repeating the operation until the weight reaches the maximum traction weight, and performing surgical treatment if the weight is not reset. The traditional method has low success rate, consumes a great deal of time and energy of a large number of medical staff, and the nerve function of many patients is aggravated by secondary injury of the spinal cord in the period, and is even life-threatening.

The traditional shoulder fixed skull traction device has the following defects:

1. the jumping weight increase is not beneficial to the relaxation of neck muscles and the creep of cervical vertebra, and the traction weight may exceed a critical value to cause over-tension injury;

2. without a limited length device, there is a risk of ligament rupture and spinal cord stretch injury.

3. The angle is fixed, and the angle is difficult to adjust according to the traction process.

4. The auxiliary support device is required to be used on a sickbed with the auxiliary support device, cannot be used on sickbeds such as an ICU (intensive care unit), an operating room and a rescue room, and is limited in use area.

5. Long traction time and low reset rate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel skull traction device for cervical dislocation, which has the characteristics of stepless, length-limited, angle-variable and flexibility. The skull traction device for cervical dislocation is provided with the connecting component and the moving device, can be conveniently moved, and is conveniently applied to sickbeds such as sickrooms, ICUs, operating rooms and rescue rooms. The telescopic piece can adjust the height of the traction device and adjust the traction angle according to the state of an illness; the traction force is continuously and slowly increased through the motor, the force is gradually increased, excessive force supply is avoided, and neck muscle relaxation and cervical vertebra creep are facilitated. Has a distance limiting component to prevent over-tension damage. Its advantages are gradual increasing force and no over-force.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a skull traction device for cervical dislocation, which comprises a cabinet body, wherein the cabinet body is provided with a connecting component, a telescopic component, a guide mechanism, a traction component, a traction rope, a limiting component and a lifting component,

the traction rope end is provided with a retractor for connection to the skull of the patient;

a connecting assembly for detachably connecting the cabinet to the hospital bed, the connecting assembly being located on a side wall of the cabinet,

the lower end of the telescopic part is connected with the top of the cabinet body, the upper end of the telescopic part is connected with the guide mechanism, and the telescopic part is used for adjusting the horizontal height of the guide mechanism;

the traction element is arranged inside the cabinet, the top end of the cabinet is provided with a through hole, and the bottom end of the traction rope penetrates through the through hole and is wound on the output end of the traction element; the traction piece adopts a driving motor with linearly adjustable traction force;

-a guiding mechanism for adjusting the traction force of the retractor to a horizontal direction, at the same level as the patient;

the stop assembly comprises a stop pad for abutting against the patient's shoulder and a stop rod connected to the lifting assembly;

the lifting assembly is fixed with the cabinet body and is used for adjusting the horizontal height of the limiting pad.

Compared with the prior art, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation adopting the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

the traction part adopts machines such as a motor and the like, so that the traction force can be slowly increased in transition, and the traction force has linear increased traction force, so that the linear increased traction force can be transited, the weight can be continuously increased, the relaxation of neck muscles and the creep of cervical vertebra are facilitated, the reduction is facilitated, and the manpower loss is reduced.

Two, spacing pad 80 in the spacing subassembly 8 carries out the butt with patient's shoulder, fixes the back to patient's shoulder through spacing subassembly 8, pulls the skull tractor through the haulage rope again, can effectually guarantee that patient's neck atress angle is correct to with the better effect of traction force on the cervical vertebra of dislocation, prevent that the patient when carrying out skull traction, whole person from the mattress on move to one side of draw gear.

In the preferred scheme, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation further comprises a distance limiting assembly for limiting the moving distance of the traction rope, the distance limiting assembly comprises a distance limiting cylinder seat and a distance limiting sliding block, the distance limiting cylinder seat is provided with a distance limiting groove, the distance limiting sliding block is arranged in the distance limiting groove, the distance limiting sliding block is fixed with the traction rope, and the distance limiting groove is provided with a distance limiting bottom groove.

Medical personnel can control the longest distance of traction before traction, and through adjusting the distance between the distance-limiting sliding block 92 and the distance-limiting bottom groove 93, the length of traction is controlled and avoided, and the traction length is prevented from being too long.

Fourthly, elevating gear 7 mainly adjusts the height of spacing pad, because the patient is fat thin differs, and the height of sick bed is also different, consequently need carry out the adaptability adjustment to the height of spacing pad to when guaranteeing that the skull pulls, patient's shoulder can receive good fixed, keeps the correct position of pulling.

Fifthly, the telescopic piece 3 is started to adjust the height of the guide mechanism, so that the traction height can be adjusted, the height of the sickbed can be flexibly adapted, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation can be suitable for sickbeds in different departments (sickrooms, ICUs, operating rooms and rescue rooms), the utilization rate of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation is improved to the maximum extent, and finally the cabinet body is fixed with the sickbed through the connecting component, so that the front step required for traction is completed.

Sixthly, in a preferred scheme, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation is further provided with a roller 13, the roller 13 is fixed on a sickbed through a connecting assembly, and a patient can be carried together with the sickbed, so that when the patient is transported, traction treatment can be uninterrupted.

In this scheme, the extensible member can adopt the mode of screw rod cooperation nut seat internal thread to carry out height control, perhaps adopts the mode of sleeve pipe cooperation holding bolt to carry out height control and spacing, and the equivalent technical means of extensible member is more, does not list in this scheme.

Preferably, the lifting component comprises a lifting top seat, a lifting base, a lifting mechanism and a limiting groove, the limiting rod penetrates through the limiting groove, the limiting groove is located in the lifting top seat, the lifting base is fixed with the cabinet body, the lifting base is connected with the lifting top seat through the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting rotating rod, and the distance between the lifting top seat and the lifting base is controlled through the lifting rotating rod.

Preferably, the lifting top seat is provided with a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning ejector rod, the positioning ejector rod faces the limiting groove, and the surface of the limiting rod is provided with a plurality of positioning holes.

Preferably, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation comprises two groups of limiting assemblies, the two groups of limiting rods are provided with shoulder width adjusting rods, the shoulder width adjusting rods are located at the ends, close to the limiting pads, of the limiting rods, the shoulder width adjusting rods are provided with threads, adjusting knobs are connected between the two shoulder width adjusting rods, and the distance between the shoulder width adjusting rods can be adjusted through rotation of the adjusting knobs.

Preferably, guiding mechanism includes mounting bracket, two spacing rollers and guide roll, the mounting bracket is fixed to be set up on the top of extensible member, spacing roller and guide roll are all rotated and are installed in the mounting bracket, the haulage rope runs through between two spacing rollers, and the haulage rope is walked around the guide roll and is distributed.

Preferably, the interior of the cabinet body is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the traction member is located in the upper chamber.

Preferably, the bottom of the cabinet body is provided with the idler wheel, and one side of the cabinet body, which is far away from the connecting assembly, is provided with the handle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the use of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation in the invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation in the using state of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation in the invention.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation in the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the skull traction device for cervical dislocation in the invention (hiding the spacing component, the lifting component and the distance limiting component).

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the coupling assembly, telescoping member, securing mechanism and guide mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of the guide mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the lifting assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the distance limiting assembly of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a cabinet body; 11. an upper chamber; 111. a traction member; 12. a lower chamber; 13. a roller; 14. A handle; 15. a through hole;

2. a connecting assembly; 3. a telescoping member; 5. a guide mechanism; 51. a mounting frame; 52. a limiting roller; 53. a guide roller; 54. an indicator panel; 6. a hauling rope; 60. a retractor;

7. a lifting assembly; 70. a lifting top seat; 71. a lifting base; 72. a lifting rotary rod; 73. a limiting groove; 74. Positioning the ejector rod;

8. a limiting component; 80. a limiting pad; 81. a limiting rod; 810. positioning holes; 82. a shoulder width adjustment lever; 83. Adjusting a knob;

9. a distance limiting component; 90. a distance-limiting cylinder seat; 91. a distance limiting groove; 92. a distance limiting slide block; 93. distance limiting bottom groove.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation comprises a cabinet body 1, wherein the bottom end of the cabinet body 1 is provided with a roller 13, and one side of the cabinet body 1 away from the connecting component 2 is provided with a handle 14; when the multifunctional chest is used, the handle 14 is grasped by hands and push-pull force is applied, the chest body 1 drives the rolling wheels 13 to roll along the ground, and then the position of the whole traction device is changed, wherein the chest body 1 serves as a base of the traction device and can also contain related auxiliary instruments.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, 1 side of the cabinet body is equipped with coupling assembling 2, and coupling assembling 2 is used for connecting 1 detachable of the cabinet body on the sick bed, and coupling assembling 2 is including fixing the body of rod at 1 lateral wall of the cabinet body, and the body of rod is equipped with the fixed slot, and through putting into the fixed slot with bed frame or footpost and tightly decide it through the bolt again, accomplishes being connected between the cabinet body 1 and the sick bed, reaches the relatively fixed of the cabinet body 1.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the top end of the cabinet body 1 is vertically provided with an expansion piece 3; the extension or the shortening of the extensible member 3 can drive the guide mechanism 5 to move up and down, and then the traction height is adjusted to flexibly adapt to the height of a sickbed, wherein the extensible member 3 can adopt a hydraulic telescopic rod, an electric push rod or a sleeve.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a guiding mechanism 5 for guiding the pulling rope 6 is arranged at the top end of the telescopic member 3, the guiding mechanism 5 comprises a mounting frame 51, two limiting rollers 52 and a guiding roller 53, the mounting frame 51 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the telescopic member 3, the limiting rollers 52 and the guiding roller 53 are both rotatably arranged in the mounting frame 51, the pulling rope 6 penetrates between the two limiting rollers 52, and the pulling rope 6 is distributed around the guiding roller 53; during the use, pass through tractor 60 and patient's skull to the other end of haulage rope 6 and be connected, two spacing rollers 52 can make haulage rope 6 not take place the skew by spacing haulage rope 6, in addition, the haulage rope 6 can be led to guide roller 53 for the extensible member 3 is kept away from to the bottom of haulage rope 6, avoids producing the interference, keeps haulage rope 6 when pulling simultaneously, and traction force is in the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, an indicating plate 54 for indicating the traction force is arranged on the outer side of the mounting frame 51, and the indicating plate 54 is electrically connected with the traction piece 111; the traction force of pulling the 111 output of piece is shown through the dial 54, be convenient for medical personnel to observe, in time know the skull and pull the relevant data of operation, and then pull the dynamics according to patient's recovered state in good time adjustment, in addition, increase through the traction force that changes piece 111 and pull the dynamics for the increase of traction force is linear to be transited, can continuously increase weight, does benefit to neck muscle and relaxs and cervical vertebra creep, does benefit to and resets, reduces the manpower loss.

As shown in fig. 7, a traction member 111 is arranged inside the cabinet body 1, the inside of the cabinet body 1 is divided into an upper chamber 11 and a lower chamber 12, the traction member 111 is located in the upper chamber 11, a through hole 15 is formed at the top end of the cabinet body 1, and the bottom end of the traction rope 6 penetrates through the through hole 15 and is wound on the output end of the traction member 111; the internally mounted of cabinet body 1 has the baffle in order separating into two cavities, and wherein, upper chamber 11 is used for holding and pulls piece 111, and lower chamber 12 can hold the required auxiliary instrument of skull rehabilitation, and in addition, the design of through-hole 15 does benefit to passing of haulage rope 6 bottom, and the output of the 6 bottom of haulage rope of being convenient for and pulling piece 111 is connected, and then realizes the transmission of traction force.

As shown in figures 2 and 3, the skull traction device for cervical dislocation is also provided with two groups of limiting components 8, and the two groups of limiting components 8 are respectively fixed on the shoulders at the two sides of a patient. As shown in fig. 5, spacing subassembly 8 includes spacing pad 80, the gag lever post 81, wide regulation pole 82 of shoulder and adjust knob 83, spacing pad 80 is fixed at the gag lever post 81 tip, spacing pad 80 is fixed with patient's shoulder, gag lever post 81 one end is fixed in cabinet body 1 top through lifting unit, through fixed gag lever post 81 position, can make the fixed patient's shoulder of spacing pad 80 firmly, when patient's skull is pulled, the shoulder is fixed, make the skull pull by shoulder relatively, when avoiding pulling, whole people are pulled away, consequently with the fixed mode of shoulder, the traction effect that the cervical vertebra dislocated when improving to pull.

The one end that gag lever post 81 is close to spacing pad 80 is provided with shoulder width regulation pole 82 and adjust knob 83, adjust knob 83 is the sleeve pipe of in-band screw thread, be equipped with the external screw thread on the shoulder width regulation pole 82, interval between the adjustable shoulder width regulation pole 82 of rotation through rotatory adjust knob 83, can adjust the spacing angle of spacing pad 80 to the shoulder, make its neck position that can be close to the patient as far as, it is spacing to carry out better shoulder to the cervical vertebra dislocation, also be applicable to different shoulder width patients simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 10, the lifting assembly 7 is used to adjust the level of the spacing pad 80. The lifting assembly 7 comprises a lifting top seat 70, a lifting base 71, a lifting mechanism and a limiting groove 73, the limiting rod 81 penetrates through the limiting groove 73, the limiting groove 73 is located on the lifting top seat 70, the lifting base 71 is fixed with the cabinet body 1, the lifting base 71 and the lifting top seat 70 are connected through the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting rotating rod 72, and the distance between the lifting top seat 70 and the lifting base 71 is controlled through rotation of the lifting rotating rod 72. Because different sick beds are different in height and different in width of the chest of the patient, the lifting assembly 7 is required to adjust the height of the limiting pad 80 adaptively, so that the patient can be suitable for different conditions.

Lifting top seat 70 is equipped with positioning mechanism, and positioning mechanism includes location ejector pin 74, and location ejector pin 74 is towards spacing groove 73, and the gag lever post 81 surface is equipped with a plurality of locating holes 810, and through inserting gag lever post 81 in spacing groove 73, location ejector pin 74 aims at locating hole 810 and puts into, reaches the fixed to gag lever post 81, can avoid drawing the gliding problem in-process gag lever post 81 position.

As shown in fig. 11, the traction apparatus further includes a distance-limiting assembly 9 for limiting the moving distance of the traction rope 6, the distance-limiting assembly 9 includes a distance-limiting cylinder base 90 and a distance-limiting slider 92, the distance-limiting cylinder base 90 is provided with a distance-limiting groove 91, the distance-limiting slider 92 is disposed in the distance-limiting groove 91, the distance-limiting slider 92 is fixed with the traction rope 6, and the distance-limiting groove 91 is provided with a distance-limiting bottom groove 93. Medical personnel can control the distance of pulling before pulling, through the interval between adjustment limit for distance slider 92 and the limit for distance kerve 93, come to control the length of pulling and avoid pulling excessively. When the traction piece 111 pulls the traction rope 6, the distance limiting slider 92 moves towards the distance limiting bottom groove 93, and when the distance limiting slider 92 reaches the distance limiting bottom groove 93, the distance limiting slider 92 cannot move any further, so that the movement of the traction rope 6 stops.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation, includes cabinet body (1), its characterized in that: the cabinet body (1) is provided with a connecting component (2), a telescopic piece (3), a guide mechanism (5), a traction piece (111), a traction rope (6), a limiting component (8) and a lifting component (7),

-the distal end of the pulling rope (6) is provided with a retractor (60) for connection to the skull of the patient;

a connecting component (2) is used for detachably connecting the cabinet body (1) on the sickbed, the connecting component (2) is positioned on the side wall of the cabinet body (1),

the lower end of the telescopic part (3) is connected with the top of the cabinet body (1), the upper end of the telescopic part (3) is connected with the guide mechanism (5), and the telescopic part (3) is used for adjusting the horizontal height of the guide mechanism (5);

the traction piece (111) is arranged on the inner side of the cabinet body (1), a through hole (15) is formed in the top end of the cabinet body (1), and the bottom end of the traction rope (6) penetrates through the through hole (15) and is wound on the output end of the traction piece (111); the traction piece (111) adopts a driving motor with linearly adjustable traction force;

-a guiding mechanism (5) at the same level as the patient, the guiding mechanism (5) being adapted to adjust the traction of the retractor (60) to a horizontal direction;

-the stop assembly (8) comprises a stop pad (80) and a stop rod (81), the stop pad (80) being adapted to abut against the patient's shoulder, the stop rod (81) being connected to the lifting assembly (7);

the lifting assembly (7) is fixed with the cabinet body (1), and the lifting assembly (7) is used for adjusting the horizontal height of the limiting pad (80).

2. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance limiting device is characterized by further comprising a distance limiting assembly (9) used for limiting the moving distance of the traction rope (6), wherein the distance limiting assembly (9) comprises a distance limiting cylinder seat (90) and a distance limiting sliding block (92), the distance limiting cylinder seat (90) is provided with a distance limiting groove (91), the distance limiting sliding block (92) is arranged in the distance limiting groove (91), the distance limiting sliding block (92) is fixed with the traction rope (6), the distance limiting groove (91) is provided with a distance limiting bottom groove (93), when the traction rope (6) is pulled by the traction piece (111), the distance limiting sliding block (92) moves towards the distance limiting bottom groove (93), after the distance limiting sliding block (92) reaches the distance limiting bottom groove (93), the distance limiting sliding block (92) cannot move further, and the movement of the traction rope (6) stops.

3. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: lifting unit (7) are including lift footstock (70), lifting pedestal (71), elevating system and spacing groove (73), and spacing rod (81) pass spacing groove (73), spacing groove (73) are located lift footstock (70), and lifting pedestal (71) are fixed with the cabinet body (1), and lifting pedestal (71) and lift footstock (70) are connected through elevating system, and elevating system includes lift swing arm (72), through lift swing arm (72) control lift footstock (70) and the interval of lifting pedestal (71).

4. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 3, wherein: the lifting top seat (70) is provided with a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning ejector rod (74), the positioning ejector rod (74) faces to the limiting groove (73), and the surface of the limiting rod (81) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (810).

5. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: including two sets of spacing subassemblies (8) altogether, two sets of gag lever posts (81) all are equipped with shoulder width and adjust pole (82), and shoulder width is adjusted pole (82) and all is located gag lever post (81) and is close to the one end of spacing pad (80), be equipped with the screw thread on shoulder width is adjusted pole (82), is connected with adjust knob (83) between two shoulder width are adjusted pole (82), adjusts the interval between pole (82) through the adjustable shoulder width of the rotation of adjust knob (83).

6. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: guiding mechanism (5) include mounting bracket (51), two spacing rollers (52) and guide roll (53), mounting bracket (51) are fixed to be set up on the top of extensible member (3), spacing roller (52) and guide roll (53) are all rotated and are installed in mounting bracket (51), haulage rope (6) run through between two spacing rollers (52), and haulage rope (6) are walked around guide roll (53) and are distributed.

7. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the cabinet body (1) is divided into an upper chamber (11) and a lower chamber (12), and the traction piece (111) is positioned in the upper chamber (11).

8. A skull traction device for cervical dislocation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the cabinet body (1) is provided with rollers (13), and one side of the cabinet body (1) far away from the connecting component (2) is provided with a handle (14).