CN114568303A - Double-comparison breeding method for sugarcane hybrid nursery stage material - Google Patents
Double-comparison breeding method for sugarcane hybrid nursery stage material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-comparison breeding method for materials at the stage of a sugarcane hybrid garden, which specifically comprises the steps of setting double-comparison in the hybrid garden, investigating the characters of each family such as brix, plant height, stem channel, diseases, vigor and the like, and calculating the average value of investigation data of all families planted in the current year as comparison 1 (CK)1) While the local main cultivar in the last few years was experimentally arranged as control 2 (CK)2) Then, the average value An of each family is calculated, if the average value An of each family is larger than CK1Is less than CK for entering pedigree1The family is eliminated and is not selected. The selected family is based on CK2And (5) carrying out individual plant selection. The breeding method of the hybrid nursery stage material mainly comprises the steps of character investigation of each family, calculation of characters of all families and comparison of main cultivars 2 (CK)2) To CK2And (5) selecting individual plants of the selected families. The invention forms a set of sugarcane hybrid nursery which can improve the selection efficiency and the selection accuracy of the family in the hybrid nursery stage, and obviously improves the breeding of sugarcaneEfficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane breeding, and mainly relates to a breeding method of a hybrid nursery stage material in a five-nursery breeding selection procedure of sugarcane cross breeding, in particular to the technical field of a double-comparison breeding method of the sugarcane hybrid nursery stage material.
Background
Sugarcane is an important sugar crop in China, and the selective breeding of high-yield and high-sugar sugarcane varieties has important significance for the sugarcane industry and sugar factories. The cross breeding of sugarcane mainly adopts a 'five-nursery' breeding selection procedure, namely a hybrid nursery, a seed selection nursery, an identification nursery, a prepared variety ratio nursery and a variety ratio nursery. In the process, the hybrid nursery (seedling nursery) is the most productive and most important, this stage concentrates the selection pressure of over 90%, if the selection at this stage is problematic, the latter stage will be doing useless. Therefore, the selection of the hybrid nursery (seedling nursery) determines the success of breeding.
The decision as to whether a material can be selected is the setting of the control. The comprehensive characters of the contrast are directly related to the representativeness, the accuracy and the objectivity of the test, and the method has an important effect on screening prospective backup varieties and promoting variety updating and updating to provide a solid variety foundation. If the level of the control variety is low or the selection is not reasonable, even if the yield and sugar increasing effect reaches the obvious standard, the result can be a false image, only 1-2 varieties can be bred in the hybridization combination prepared every year after the breeding period of 8-10 years, and the number of the varieties can be 0 in many years, thus wasting a great deal of manpower and material resources.
At present, conventional breeding is adopted for sugarcane breeding, a conventional selection method for a hybrid nursery is to sow prepared hybridization combinations in a seedling box, seedling seedlings growing to the proper age are transplanted to a field, a large number of hybridization combinations (more than 600) are prepared every year by a breeding unit, 400 seedlings of each combined seedling are calculated, 240000 seedlings are planted in the hybrid nursery every year, if a variety ROC22 planted in a large area in production is used as a contrast according to a traditional single-plant selection method, and each single plant is used as a contrast with ROC22, investigation on 240000 plant lines for different properties is carried out, calculation is carried out according to 2 minutes spent on each plant, at least 8000 hours are spent, a large amount of time, manpower and material resources are consumed, if years of multiple rain plant lines or typhoons are met, the seedling seedlings are laid down in a large amount, and a large amount of good rain plant lines are missed to be selected; on the other hand, with ROC22 as a control, the starting point of selection was low and could not represent an advanced level, resulting in a selected variety "pushed rather broadly".
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the problems and provides a double-comparison breeding method for materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery. The method comprises property investigation of each family, calculation of properties of each family, calculation method of properties of all families and control 2 (CK) of main cultivar2) The individual plant selection of the selected family is carried out, the selection efficiency and the selection accuracy of the family in the sugarcane hybrid nursery stage are improved, and the selection is obviousRemarkably improves the breeding efficiency of the sugarcane.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A double-comparison breeding method for materials in a sugarcane hybrid garden stage comprises setting and calculating double-comparison parameters, namely setting and calculating comparison 1 and setting comparison 2; the setting of the control 1 is the average value CK after the comprehensive calculation of all the investigated sugarcane family traits1(ii) a The setting of the contrast 2 is CK as the average value after comprehensive calculation of the properties of the variety which is newly bred locally and popularized and applied in a large area2(ii) a Compared with the control 1, the average value An of each sugarcane family trait to be investigated is obtained, wherein n is the number of the hybridization combination; the individual plant traits of each line of the hybrid nursery are compared with those of control 2.
Furthermore, the variety which is newly bred locally and popularized in a large area is Yunzha 08-1609, Yunzha 05-51 or Liucheng 05-136.
Furthermore, the value of An is more than or equal to CK1Then family selection is performed; if An is less than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected.
Furthermore, the individual character of each family of the hybrid nursery is more than or equal to CK2Lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Furthermore, the characters of the invention comprise brix, plant height, stem diameter, diseases and vigor investigation values of each family.
Further, 10-60 strains were investigated for each family described in the present invention.
Furthermore, each family of the invention is planted with 100-400 seedlings, the plant spacing is 30-60 cm, and the row spacing is 1-1.4 m; the row length is 4-8 m, and the planting is carried out sequentially or repeatedly.
Furthermore, the double-comparison sequence of the invention is that the average value An of the family traits of each sugarcane and the average value CK of the comparison 1 are firstly used1Comparing; then using the average CK of individual plant characters of each family of the hybrid nursery and the control 22And (6) comparison.
Further, the double-comparison breeding method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, investigating the properties of each family
Sowing the sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 400 seedlings of 100-400 plants into a field for planting when the seeds grow to a certain plant age, wherein the plant spacing is 30-60 cm, the row spacing is 1-1.2 m, the row length is 4-8 m, the planting is carried out in sequence or repeated, 3 rows are repeated, when the plants are mature, the measures of the brix, the plant height, the stem diameter, the disease and the vigor of each family of a field test are carried out, and 10-60 plants are measured by each family;
step two, calculating property values of each family
Each pedigree trait investigated was: the weight, plant height, stem channel, disease and vigor of each family are respectively determined as follows: calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and solving An average value An, wherein n is the number of the hybrid combination;
step three, setting of comparison 1
All pedigree traits to be investigated: and comprehensively calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and respectively calculating all properties of the families: the average value of the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor is used as CK1；
Step four, setting of comparison 2
Planting the seedlings in a field, and planting the characters of the newly bred local variety which is popularized and applied in a large area in each test cell: the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor are comprehensively calculated, and the characters are respectively calculated as follows: the average value of the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor is used as CK2；
Step five, selecting each family of the hybrid nursery
Using CK to each family An calculated in the step one1Screening for control, if An is greater than CK1Then family is selected, if An is smaller than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected;
step six, selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid garden
Selecting families from the five steps with CK2Screening for control, and the individual plant character surpasses CK2Lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Further, the age of a certain plant in the first step of the invention is 90-160 days.
The method has the advantages that the method is scientific and efficient in arrangement and convenient to operate, excellent families can be selected, bad families are eliminated, manpower and material resources are greatly saved, and the accuracy of selection is improved by concentrating strength to select the excellent families; in the invention, 10-60 plants are investigated from each family planted in the current year at the stage of a hybrid nursery, and the average value of the investigated families is used as a reference CK1The main cultivar CK is arranged in the local recent years in experiments2And each selected material is selected through double-comparison. Good materials are produced by good families, the invention can obviously improve the selection efficiency and the selection accuracy of the families in the sugarcane hybrid nursery stage, and simultaneously, the sugarcane breeding efficiency is obviously improved. The invention selects individual plants by taking advanced varieties as contrast in excellent families, improves the selection standard, can accurately and objectively breed prospective backup varieties and promotes the variety updating.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the description of embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partially assembled field planting view in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the numbers 1-20 are combination numbers, CK2The excellent variety bred in recent years can be Yunzha 08-1609, Yunzha 05-51, Liucheng 05-136, etc.
Detailed Description
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, and the techniques or conditions are described in the literature in the field.
A double-comparison breeding method for materials in a sugarcane hybrid garden stage comprises setting and calculating double-comparison parameters, namely setting and calculating comparison 1 and setting and calculating comparison 2; the setting of the contrast 1 is adjustedFound average value CK of all sugarcane family characters after comprehensive calculation1(ii) a The setting of the contrast 2 is the average value CK obtained by comprehensively calculating the characters of the varieties which are newly bred locally and popularized and applied in a large area2(ii) a Compared with the control 1, the average value An of each sugarcane family trait to be investigated is obtained, wherein n is the number of the hybridization combination; the individual plant traits of each line of the hybrid nursery are compared with those of control 2.
Furthermore, the variety which is newly bred locally and popularized in a large area is Yunzha 08-1609, Yunzha 05-51 or Liucheng 05-136.
Furthermore, the value of An is more than or equal to CK1Then family selection is performed; if An is less than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected.
Furthermore, the individual character of each family of the hybrid nursery is more than or equal to CK2Lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Furthermore, the characters of the invention comprise brix, plant height, stem diameter, diseases and vigor investigation values of each family.
Further, 10-60 strains were investigated for each family described in the present invention.
Furthermore, each family of the invention is planted with 100-400 seedlings, the plant spacing is 30-60 cm, and the row spacing is 1-1.4 m; the row length is 4-8 m, and the planting is carried out sequentially or repeatedly.
Furthermore, the double-comparison sequence of the invention is that the average value An of the family traits of each sugarcane and the average value CK of the comparison 1 are firstly used1Comparing; then using the average CK of individual plant characters of each family of the hybrid nursery and the control 22And (6) comparison.
Further, the double-comparison breeding method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, investigating the properties of each family
Sowing the sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 400 seedlings of 100-400 plants into a field for planting when the seeds grow to a certain plant age, wherein the plant spacing is 30-60 cm, the row spacing is 1-1.2 m, the row length is 4-8 m, the planting is carried out in sequence or repeated, 3 rows are repeated, when the plants are mature, the measures of the brix, the plant height, the stem diameter, the disease and the vigor of each family of a field test are carried out, and 10-60 plants are measured by each family;
step two, calculating property values of each family
Each pedigree trait investigated was: the weight, plant height, stem channel, disease and vigor of each family are respectively determined as follows: calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and solving An average value An, wherein n is the number of the hybrid combination;
step three, setting of comparison 1
All pedigree traits to be investigated: and comprehensively calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and respectively calculating all properties of the families: the average value of the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor is used as CK1；
Step four, setting of comparison 2
Planting the seedlings in a field, and planting the characters of the local newly-bred and widely-popularized variety in each test cell: and (3) comprehensively calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and respectively calculating all the characters: the average value of the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor is used as CK2；
Step five, selecting each family of the hybrid nursery
Using CK to calculate each family An in the step one1Screening for control, if An is greater than CK1Then family is selected, if An is smaller than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected;
step six, selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid garden
Selecting families from the five steps with CK2Screening for control, and the individual plant character surpasses CK2Lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Further, the age of a certain plant in the first step of the invention is 90-160 days.
As shown in FIG. 1, the planting method includes planting seedlings of all families in sequence, selecting 10-60 plants of each family, investigating, and collecting dataSet, using the calculated value of the collected data as the control CK1，CK1Is a comparison of families, the value of the family is greater than CK1The family is selected, and the value of the family is less than CK1Then the family is eliminated entirely.
In the embodiment of the invention, the CK adopted2The excellent variety bred in recent years can be 05-51 Yunzha, 08-1609 Yunzha, No. 42 Guitang, 05-136 Liucheng, etc.
Examples of the applications
Example 1
A method for breeding materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery stage comprises the following steps:
sowing the sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 100 seedlings into a field to be sequentially planted when the seeds grow to a certain plant age (100 days), wherein the plant spacing is 30 cm, the row spacing is 1 m, the row length is 4 m, and when the plants are mature, surveying the hammered degree, the plant height, the stem diameter, the diseases, the vigor and the like of each family of a field test are carried out, and each family surveys 15 plants.
Step (2) of calculating each family value
The traits of 15 plants such as brix, plant height, stem channel, disease, vigor and the like are randomly investigated for each family, and the average value A of the traits of each family is calculatedn(n combination No.).
Step (3), setting of contrast 1:
calculating the average value of all properties of all families according to the characters of all families, such as brix, plant height, stem diameter and diseases, and taking the calculated average value as CK1。
Step (4), setting of contrast 2:
planting the seedling in the field, planting Yunzhan 08-1609 as CK in each test plot2。
the families A calculated in the step (2) arenBy CK1Screening for control, if AnValue greater than CK1Family selected, if AnValue less than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected.
Step (6), selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid garden
Screening the selected families in the step (5) by taking sugarcane 08-1609 as a reference, wherein the single plant character exceeds that of sugarcane 08-1609 and is lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Example 2
A method for breeding materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery stage comprises the following steps:
sowing sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 200 seedlings of each family into a field to be sequentially planted when the seeds grow to a certain plant age (120 days), wherein the plant spacing is 40 cm, the row spacing is 1.1 m, and the row length is 6 m, and investigating each family in a field test for brix, plant height, stem diameter, diseases, vigor and the like when the plants are mature, wherein 20 plants are investigated for each family.
Step (2) of calculating family values
The brix, plant height and stem diameter of 20 plants were randomly investigated for each family, and the average value A of the properties of each family was calculatedn(n combination number).
Step (3), setting of contrast 1:
calculating the average value of all properties of all families according to the characters of all families, such as plumpness, plant height and stem diameter, and taking the calculated average value as CK1。
Step (4), setting of contrast 2:
planting the seedlings in a field, planting sugarcane 05-51 CK in each test cell2。
And (5) selecting each family of the hybrid nursery:
the families A calculated in the step (2) arenWith CK1Selecting families for comparison, if AnValue greater than CK1Family selected, if AnValue less than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected.
Step (6), selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid nursery
Screening the selected families in the step (5) by taking sugarcane 05-51 as a reference, and selecting the families with single plant characters exceeding sugarcane 05-51Is lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Example 3
A method for breeding materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery stage comprises the following steps:
sowing sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 300 seedlings of each family into a field when the seeds grow to a certain plant age (150 days), planting in 3 repeated sequences, wherein the plant distance is 50 cm, the row distance is 1.1 m, the row length is 6 m when the seedlings repeat 100 plants, investigating each family in a field test by the weight, the plant height, the stem diameter, the disease, the vigor and the like when the plants mature, and investigating 15 plants and 45 plants in total for each family.
Step (2) of calculating each family value
Randomly investigating the brix, plant height and stem diameter of 15 plants in each family cell, and calculating the average value A of the properties of each familyn(n combination No.).
Step (3), setting of contrast 1:
calculating the average value of all properties of all families according to the characters of all families, such as plumpness, plant height and stem diameter, and taking the calculated average value as CK1。
Step (4), setting of contrast 2:
planting the seedling in field, planting willow city 05-136 CK in each experimental plot2。
And (5) selecting each family of the hybrid nursery:
the families A calculated in the step (2) arenWith CK1Selecting families for comparison, if AnValue greater than CK1Family selected, if AnValue less than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected.
Step (6), selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid nursery
Screening the selected families in the step (5) by taking sugarcane 05-136 as a reference, wherein the single plant character exceeds that of sugarcane 05-136 and is lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
Example 4
A method for breeding materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery stage comprises the following steps:
sowing sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 390 seedlings of each family into a field when the seeds grow to a certain plant age (160 days), planting in 3 repeated sequences, wherein the plant distance is 60 cm, the row distance is 1.2 m and the row length is 7 m when the seedlings repeat 130 plants, and surveying the brix, the plant height, the stem diameter and the diseases of each family in a field test when the plants mature, wherein 20 seedlings are surveyed repeatedly and 60 seedlings are surveyed in the family.
Step (2) of calculating each family value
Respectively randomly investigating the brix, plant height and stem of 20 plants for each cell of each family, and respectively calculating the average value A of the properties of each familyn(n combination No.).
Step (3), setting of contrast 1:
calculating the average value of all properties of all families according to the characters of all families, such as plumpness, plant height and stem diameter, and taking the calculated average value as CK1。
Step (4), setting of contrast 2:
planting the seedling in field, planting cinnamic sugar No. 42 CK in each experimental plot2。
And (5) selecting each family of the hybrid nursery:
the families A calculated in the step (2) arenWith CK1Selecting families for comparison, if AnValue greater than CK1Family selected, if AnValue less than CK1All the single plants of the whole family are eliminated and are not selected.
Step (6), selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid nursery
Selecting the families selected in the step (5) by taking the cinnamic sugar No. 42 as a reference, wherein the individual plant character exceeds the selection of the cinnamic sugar No. 42 and is lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
The above description is only a part of specific embodiments of the present invention (since the formula of the present invention includes numerical ranges, the embodiments are not exhaustive, and the protection scope of the present invention includes the numerical ranges and other technical essential ranges), and the detailed contents or common knowledge known in the schemes are not described herein too much. It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation for those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A double-comparison breeding method for materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery stage is characterized by comprising the steps of setting and calculating double-comparison parameters, namely setting and calculating comparison 1 and setting comparison 2; the setting of the control 1 is the average value CK after the comprehensive calculation of all the investigated sugarcane family traits1(ii) a The setting of the contrast 2 is CK as the average value after comprehensive calculation of the properties of the variety which is newly bred locally and popularized and applied in a large area2(ii) a Compared with the control 1, the average value An of each sugarcane family trait to be investigated is obtained, wherein n is the number of the hybridization combination; the individual traits of each line of the hybrid nursery are compared with those of control 2.
2. The method for double-control breeding of materials in a sugarcane hybrid nursery according to claim 1, wherein the varieties which are newly bred locally and widely popularized and applied are Yunsu sugarcane 08-1609, Yunsu 05-51 or Liucheng 05-136.
3. The method for double-control breeding of sugarcane material in hybrid nursery stage as claimed in claim 1, wherein An is greater than or equal to CK1Then family selection is performed; if An is less than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the individual trait of each line in the sugarcane hybrid nursery is CK or more2Lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the traits comprise brix, plant height, stem diameter, disease, and vigor survey value of each family.
6. The method for double-control breeding of sugarcane hybrid nursery stage material as claimed in claim 5, wherein 10-60 plants are investigated for each family.
7. The dual-control breeding method for materials in the sugarcane hybrid nursery stage as claimed in claim 1, wherein each family is planted with 100-400 seedlings, the plant spacing is 30-60 cm, and the row spacing is 1-1.4 m; the row length is 4-8 m, and the planting is carried out sequentially or repeatedly.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the double comparison sequence comprises using the average value An of the traits of each sugarcane family and the average value CK of the comparison 11Comparing; then using the average CK of individual plant characters of each family of the hybrid nursery and the control 22And (6) comparison.
9. The method for double-control breeding of sugarcane hybrid nursery stage materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps of the double-control breeding method comprise:
step one, investigating the properties of each family
Sowing the sugarcane hybrid spike seeds, transplanting 400 seedlings of 100-400 plants into a field for planting when the seeds grow to a certain plant age, wherein the plant spacing is 30-60 cm, the row spacing is 1-1.2 m, the row length is 4-8 m, the planting is carried out in sequence or repeated, 3 rows are repeated, when the plants are mature, the measures of the brix, the plant height, the stem diameter, the disease and the vigor of each family of a field test are carried out, and 10-60 plants are measured by each family;
step two, calculating property values of each family
Each pedigree trait investigated was: the weight, plant height, stem channel, disease and vigor of each family are respectively determined as follows: calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and solving An average value An, wherein n is the number of the hybrid combination;
step three, setting of comparison 1
All pedigree traits to be investigated: and comprehensively calculating the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the diseases and the vigor, and respectively calculating all properties of the families: the average value of the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor is calculated and used as the CK1；
Step four, setting of comparison 2
Planting the seedlings in a field, and planting the characters of the local newly-bred and widely-popularized variety in each test cell: the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor are comprehensively calculated, and the characters are respectively calculated as follows: the average value of the brix, the plant height, the stem channel, the disease and the vigor is used as CK2；
Step five, selecting each family of the hybrid nursery
Using CK to calculate each family An in the step one1Screening for control, if An is greater than CK1Then family is selected, if An is smaller than CK1All the individual plants of the family are eliminated and are not selected;
step six, selecting individual plants of each family in the hybrid garden
Selecting families from the five steps with CK2Screening for control, and the individual plant character surpasses CK2Lower than CK2The plants are eliminated.
10. The method for double-control breeding of sugarcane hybrid nursery stage materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the certain plant age in the first step is 90-160 days.
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