CN101427655A - Multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family - Google Patents
Multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family Download PDFInfo
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- CN101427655A CN101427655A CNA2008102337368A CN200810233736A CN101427655A CN 101427655 A CN101427655 A CN 101427655A CN A2008102337368 A CNA2008102337368 A CN A2008102337368A CN 200810233736 A CN200810233736 A CN 200810233736A CN 101427655 A CN101427655 A CN 101427655A
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Abstract
A sugar cane family comprehensive assessment method comprises a family and combination assessment and a family offspring individual selection. The sugar cane family offspring, namely seedling is subjected to core testing and the large-area commercial variety is used as the control variety and the technical character performance and agronomic character performance of offspring and control variety are detected at mature stage, and the important characters of parents and family are respectively analyzed using a R software, namely general combining ability GCA and special combining ability SCA of sugar cane main unit-area sugar content. The parent paternity and maternity are assessed according to the general combining ability GCA to screen good male parent and female parent. The family strength and weakness analysis is performed according to the special combining ability SCA of family sugar content and the other character and the performance of the control variety and thus the selection rate of tested family is calculated and the selection number of good individual is determined according to the family offspring number. The sugar cane family comprehensive assessment method performs the seed selection and parent and combination assessment, thus the influence of environment and human factor on the selection is greatly reduced therefore the seed selection is more quick and accurate.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to sugar cane breed selection technology, especially a kind of new multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family.
Background technology:
At present, domestic sugar cane breed seed selection is all the individual plant selection.Because offspring performance is subject to environment, field management level and seed selection people's the experience or the influence of mood, same combination is selected through different years, different plot and even different seed selection people, and selection result is not necessarily identical, have in addition differ greatly.The problem that exists mainly shows:
1. the foundation of Xuan Zeing only is the field performance, does not analyze family or is combined in coordinate force in the heredity, selected offspring's poor stability.
2. existing method only infers parent's quality at the performance of offspring's field, is difficult to evaluation that the parent is quantized, causes the apolegamy blindness of parent's utilization and combination bigger.
3. existing method does not experimental field have specific (special) requirements with the uniformity of experimental enviroment to the seedling plantation, and different familys are to plant in Zhang San family to same family offspring, because field management is good, the offspring does very well, the selective ratio height; It is poor owing to field management to plant in Li Si family, and the offspring shows poor, and selective ratio is low, falsely drops and leak choosing to take place often, makes selection result lack accuracy.
4. existing system of selection lacks foresight to offspring's selected quantity, whether certain family selected, choosing what entirely with the managerial skills of test, breeder's experience and authority's decision, make selection result between year, interblock do not have comparativity.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family is provided, the seed selection of solution sugar cane breed is subject to environment and the human factor influence causes the not high problem of breeding efficiency.
This method adopts the coordinate force of R software analysis parent, family cane sugar content according to the performance of family offspring in the core test, according to general combining ability father and mother's property of parent is estimated, and screens good male parent and female parent with this; According to specific combining ability the quality of family is estimated, and with this selective ratio that calculates family, the specific combining ability of using for reference other proterties and utilizing contrast to plant is just comparing and is imitating, and determines the selected number of fine individual plant in conjunction with the family progeny size.Owing to estimate as the parent and the foundation of seed selection with coordinate force that hereditary basis was determined, rejected environment and artificial factor, not only realized the organic unity estimating the parent and select fine individual plant, and the result is accurately and reliably, the breeding benefit significantly improves.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and step is as follows:
Multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family, the evaluation and the family offspring individual plant that comprise family and combination are selected two parts, to the sugarcane family offspring, be that seedling carries out core test and serves as contrast kind with large tracts of land recommended variety, process character that maturing stage investigation offspring and contrast are planted and economical character performance, utilize R software to analyze parent and family important character respectively, be the general combining ability GCA and the specific combining ability SCA of sugarcane basic unit area sugar content, according to general combining ability father and mother's property of parent is estimated, screened good male parent and female parent with this; According to the specific combining ability analysis of family sugar content and in conjunction with the performance of other proterties and contrast kind the quality of family is estimated, and calculated the selective ratio of the family of participating in the experiment with this, determine the selected number of fine individual plant in conjunction with the family progeny size, its mathematical model is:
A：χ1＝block+(1|cross)+r
B：χ1＝block+(1|female)+(1|male)+r
Wherein: A result of calculation χ 1 is the specific combining ability of family; B result of calculation χ 1 is family male parent and the maternal general combining ability of participating in the experiment; Block is the fixed model of number of repetition; (1|female) be maternal random model; (1|male) be the random model of male parent; (1|cross) random model for making up; R is an error term.
The language compilation program of R running software:
Read file: the test name＜-read.csv (＂ file path/filename .csv ＂)
Check structure: str (test name)
Transforming principle: test name $ repetition＜-factor (test name ＄ repeats)
Transfer statistical packages: library (lme4)
The parent estimates: evaluation code 1＜-lmer (factor of evaluation～repetition+(1| female parent)+(1| male parent), test name)
Show result: ranef (estimating code 1)
Combination evaluation: evaluation code 2＜-lmer (factor of evaluation～repetition+(1| combination), test name)
Show result: ranef (estimating code 2).
The test of described core be soil condition, managerial skills uniformity same experimental field, a sugarcane stem seedling raising and transplanting, seedling kind are adopted in contrast be unit with the family by randomised block design, 2 times or more than the test of many times that repeats to arrange;
The specific combining ability analysis of described family sugar content is important worker, an economical character of investigating the family of participating in the experiment in the maturing stage, comprise plant height h (m), stem footpath D (cm), productive tiller N (bar/mu), field hammer degree B (%) and cane suger part S (%), and unit of account area sugar content.Mu sugar content computing formula is: sugar content=0.7854 * 0.69 * D2 * h * N * B * 10
-8(ton/mu, wherein 0.69 is experience digit) or sugar content=0.7854 * D
2* h * N * S * 10
-8(ton/mu); Also can take real debit's formula that the sub-district cane yield is weighed, then according to field hammer degree or sucrose part unit of account area sugar content.Utilize Microsoft Excel software to preserve file type in the following manner and be CSV, utilize R software that the family sugar content of participating in the experiment is analyzed, utilize the Best Linear Unbiased difference estimated value of family to calculate the specific combining ability of family, and kind compare with contrast, with this to the family evaluation of participating in the experiment.Microsoft Excel data entry device such as following table 1, in the table 1: combination, female parent, male parent, repetition and sugar content replace with cross, female, male, bock or TSH respectively, and putting in order between number of repetition, family and repetition is unrestricted:
Table 1
| Combination | Maternal | Male parent | Repeat | Sugar content |
| AxB | A | B | 1 | Concrete quantity |
| AxB | A | B | 2 | Concrete quantity |
| CxD | C | D | 1 | Concrete quantity |
| CxD | C | D | 2 | Concrete quantity |
| CxD | C | D | 3 | Concrete quantity |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
Described parent father and mother's property evaluation is to utilize R software to carry out classification analysis to collected sugar content and in conjunction with other index, utilize parent's Best Linear Unbiased difference estimated value to calculate male parent and maternal general combining ability, compare with the male parent of contrast kind and maternal general combining ability, the family of participating in the experiment contained male parent and female parent are estimated with this.
Described family superior and inferior evaluating is to utilize R software that the sugar content of the family of participating in the experiment is analyzed, evaluation calculates family sugar content and specific combining ability thereof according to family, compare in conjunction with other proterties and with the contrast kind, to the family evaluation of participating in the experiment, calculate the selective ratio of family with this.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1. sugarcane family evaluation individual plant selection technology at first is to arrange the core test, under identical soil condition, identical environmental condition and identical managerial skills, all are participated in the experiment and estimate between family, family and the contrast kind and compare, make the conclusion that draws science more;
2. sugarcane family evaluation individual plant selection technology is to utilize R software analysis family offspring important character, on sugarcane, be mainly sugar content, and calculate coordinate force so that hereditary basis was determined, size according to coordinate force is calculated selective ratio, environment and artificial factor have been rejected, make selection more effective and accurate, the foundation of science is provided to provide for the offspring;
3. sugarcane family evaluation individual plant selects technology assessment family and parent not to be subjected to parent's the restriction that utilizes number of times, hybrid combination quantity, does not need complete double cross, incomplete diallel cross or other design just can estimate family or combination and parent;
4. it is many more that sugarcane family evaluation individual plant is selected the combination of technology parent access times, apolegamy, evaluation result is accurate more, the breeding benefit will significantly improve, and the data between different year, different location can set up unified database, conveniently to carry out the software apolegamy combination of overall merit and computer.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below by instantiation, and following example is descriptive, is not restrictive, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
It is that the sugarcane family offspring is arranged the core test that sugarcane family is estimated individual plant selection technology, the workers and peasants of maturing stage investigation offspring and the contrast kind The Characters of planting, utilize R software to analyze the general combining ability and the specific combining ability of parent and family cane sugar content respectively, according to general combining ability father and mother's property of parent is estimated, screened good male parent and female parent with this; Estimate according to specific combining ability and in conjunction with the quality of other character pair family, and calculate the basic selective ratio of family of participating in the experiment, and determine the selected number of fine individual plant in conjunction with the family progeny size according to family sugar content and contrast are two.Concrete steps are:
1. experimental scheme and plantation: when behind the cane seedlings seed sprouting, growing to suitable plantation, seedling with the unit of being combined as by randomised block design, 2 times or more than repeat repeatedly the core test and transplant;
2. experimental field reach field management: test requirements document soil fertility unanimity, field management comprise plantation, epiphragma, take off film, fertilising, ridging are consistent with measures such as irrigations;
3. data are collected: the maturing stage carries out data to the family of participating in the experiment and collects, content comprises plant height, stem footpath, field hammer degree, and the sugar content of unit of account area or directly the sub-district cane yield is weighed, then according to field hammer degree or sucrose part unit of account area sugar content;
4. data are handled: with R software collected sugar content is analyzed, utilized parent's Best Linear Unbiased difference estimated value estimation parent's general combining ability, and estimate the parent in view of the above; Utilize the specific combining ability of the Best Linear Unbiased difference estimated value estimation combination of combination, and estimate family in view of the above; Utilize to estimate the sugar content and the specific combining ability that calculate family, use for reference other proterties and utilize the specific combining ability of contrast kind just comparing and imitating, calculate the selected number of fine individual plant according to the height of the specific combining ability after just imitating and progeny size etc.
5. selective ratio (R%): if family mean sugar content TSH
i, then comparison is TSH according to the remarkable lower family mean sugar content of kind of specific combining ability
S, the difference TSH of calculating sugar content
Is: TS H
Is=TSH
i-TSH
S, the number of establishing gained difference positive number minimum is TSH
m, then basic selective ratio R%=TSH
Is/ TSH
m
As 10 familys of sugarcane (combination) D * I, E * L, F * B, F * I, F * J, G * I, H * C, H * L, K * A and L * B being estimated according to sugar content.With the planting seed of 10 combinations, when growing to suitable plantation, seedling with the unit of being combined as by randomised block design, repeat the core test for three times and transplant, the maturing stage is collected the sugar content (ton/mu) of three repetitions, wherein hypothesis combination F * I contrasts.According to of the requirement of R software to the data form, utilize Microsoft Excel, disposal data sees the following form 2, and it is unrestricted to put in order between family; Cross is combination in the table 2, and female is maternal, and male is a male parent, and block is a number of repetition, and TSH is a ton/mu for sugar content unit), storing the path is (C: sugarcane sugaryield), table 2:
| cross | female | male | block | TSH |
| D×I | D | I | 1 | 1.08 |
| E×L | E | L | 1 | 0.78 |
| F×B | F | B | 1 | 0.97 |
| F×I | F | I | 1 | 0.94 |
| F×J | F | J | 1 | 0.63 |
| G×I | G | I | 1 | 0.72 |
| H×C | H | C | 1 | 0.76 |
| H×L | H | L | 1 | 1.52 |
| K×A | K | A | 1 | 0.53 |
| L×B | L | B | 1 | 0.89 |
| D×I | D | I | 2 | 0.98 |
| E×L | E | L | 2 | 0.75 |
| F×B | F | B | 2 | 0.94 |
| F×I | F | I | 2 | 0.87 |
| F×J | F | J | 2 | 0.61 |
| G×I | G | I | 2 | 0.90 |
| H×C | H | C | 2 | 0.89 |
| H×L | H | L | 2 | 1.62 |
| K×A | K | A | 2 | 0.43 |
| L×B | L | B | 2 | 0.93 |
| D×I | D | I | 3 | 1.21 |
| E×L | E | L | 3 | 0.88 |
| F×B | F | B | 3 | 1.09 |
| F×I | F | I | 3 | 0.93 |
| F×J | F | J | 3 | 0.72 |
| G×I | G | I | 3 | 0.68 |
| H×C | H | C | 3 | 0.66 |
| H×L | H | L | 3 | 1.49 |
| K×A | K | A | 3 | 0.64 |
| L×B | L | B | 3 | 0.80 |
According to last table, carry out the family evaluation:
Mathematical model is:
A：χ1＝block+(1|cross)+r
B：χ1＝block+(1|female)+(1|male)+r
Wherein: A result of calculation χ 1 is the specific combining ability of family; B result of calculation χ 1 is family male parent and the maternal general combining ability of participating in the experiment; Block is the fixed model of number of repetition; (1|female) be the random model of male parent; (1|male) be maternal random model; (1|cross) random model for making up; R is an error term.
R operation statement is as follows:
Trial<-read.csv(＂C:\sugarcane\sugaryield.csv＂)
str(Trial)
library(lme4)
Trial＄block<-factor(Trial$block)
TSH<-lmer(TSH～block+(1|cross)，Trial)
ranef(TSH)
T<-lmer(TSH～block+(1|female)+(1|male)，Trial)
ranef(T)
The operation of above-mentioned language, utilize that general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), sugar content and the basic selective ratio (R%) of participate in the experiment parent and family that the R software evaluation goes out see the following form 3 respectively, table 4 and table 5:
Operation result shows:
1. family: in 10 familys, the specific combining ability of H * L is the highest, and this family offspring sugar content behaves oneself best, and secondly is: D * I and F * B; If family F * I is contrast, then all the other family specific combining abilities are lower than contrast in various degree, but difference is not remarkable, can be selected in (basic selective ratio sees the above table the R% in 3) on a small quantity; F * J and K * A specific combining ability significantly is lower than contrast, and is generally not selected.
2. maternal: in 7 female parents in 10 familys, it is the highest that H makes maternal general combining ability, and the general combining ability of D also is better than contrasting maternal F, is the female parent that next step combination selection emphasis utilizes; And all the other maternal L, G, K and E general combining ability are lower than the maternal F that contrast is planted, and lack usefulness when selecting female parent from now on as far as possible, and wherein the general combining ability of maternal E is minimum, may be unsuitable for doing female parent.
3. male parent: in 6 male parents in 10 familys, the general combining ability that L makes male parent is the highest, and the general combining ability of B also obviously is better than contrasting male parent I, is the male parent that next step combination selection emphasis utilizes; And all the other male parent A, J and C general combining ability are lower than father's wood I that contrast is planted, and lack usefulness when selecting male parent from now on as far as possible, and the general combining ability of male parent C is minimum, may be unsuitable for doing male parent.
Imitate the principal element of positive sugarcane family selective ratio:
The factor that influences the family selective ratio is a lot, differs greatly between the various places, but mainly comprises following factors:
1. the size of the quantity of seedling, practice ground: the purpose of sugarcane family evaluation is instruct family selected, family specific combining ability height, offspring's selective ratio is big, but the highest selective ratio generally is no more than 20%, the selected number of single family generally is no more than 50, and overall selective ratio majority is controlled between the 2-5%.Big as the seedling amount, further practice ground is few, and then total selective ratio is just relatively low, then can suitably improve selective ratio on the contrary.If the theoretical selective ratio of outstanding especially family can reach 20%, is 2000 seedlings as this family seedling amount, the highest selected number is in 50, and selective ratio only is 2.5%; As this family seedling amount is 1000 seedlings, and the highest selected number meter is in 50, and selective ratio then is 5.0%.
2. cane suger part: cane suger part is the most important process character of sugarcane, directly influence the sugaring benefit, compare with the contrast kind, the value of general cane suger part or 0.69xB% (field hammer degree) whenever is higher than contrast 0.5 percentage point, selective ratio can increase by 1%, but the highlyest be no more than 20%, selected number is no more than 50 at most.
3. damage by disease and insect: damage by disease and insect is the key factor that influences sugarcane production, but that different sugarcanes district requires varietal resistance is different, and partly the sugarcane district carries out veto by one vote system.Retransmit the district as smut, the resistance of smut is that susceptible rank or field natural occurrence rate reached more than 10% o'clock, and family coordinate force is high again, and offspring's proterties is good more also not to be selected; If family offspring smut resistance only for general resistance level or field natural occurrence rate are lower than at 10% o'clock, can suitably reduce selective ratio, if high smut resistance can suitably improve selective ratio.
Other: because China's sugarcane field management and results are for manually carrying out, stem directly size, blade leaf sheath hair group, lodging resistance, booting is bloomed and empty Pu Xin etc. also will produce certain influence to selective ratio.Can improve 1 percentage point as big stem kind selective ratio, little stem kind selective ratio can reduce by 1 percentage point; Do not have hair kind selective ratio and can improve 1 percentage point, crinosity kind selective ratio can reduce by 1 percentage point; The anti-selective ratio of falling the kind can improve 1 percentage point, and the kind that easily lodges selective ratio can reduce by 1 percentage point; It is veto by one vote systems that booting is bloomed most; The selective ratio %=R% (1-H%) of imitating behind the positive Pu heart rate (H%) obtains final selective ratio etc.
Differences such as each sugarcane district weather conditions, the level of production, mechanization degree, correlative factor can be different to the increase and decrease ratio of selective ratio.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family, it is characterized in that comprising evaluation and two parts of family offspring individual plant selection of family and combination, to the sugarcane family offspring is that seedling is arranged the core test and served as contrast kind with large tracts of land recommended variety, manufacturability that maturing stage investigation offspring and contrast are planted and economical character performance, utilize R software to analyze important character respectively, be the general combining ability GCA and the specific combining ability SCA of sugarcane unit are sugar content, according to general combining ability father and mother's property of parent is estimated, screened good male parent and female parent with this; According to the specific combining ability analysis of family sugar content and in conjunction with the performance of other proterties and contrast kind the quality of family is estimated, and calculated the selective ratio of the family of participating in the experiment with this, determine the selected number of fine individual plant in conjunction with the family progeny size, its mathematical model is:
A：x1＝block+(1|cross)+r
B：x1＝block+(1|female)+(1|male)+r
Wherein: A result of calculation x1 is the specific combining ability of family; B result of calculation x1 is participate in the experiment family male parent and maternal general combining ability; Block is the fixed model of number of repetition; (1|female) be maternal random model; (1|male) be the random model of male parent; (1|cross) random model for making up; R is an error term.
2, multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the test of described core is at soil condition, managerial skills uniformity same experimental field, a sugarcane stem seedling raising and transplanting, seedling kind are adopted in contrast be unit with the family by randomised block design, 2 times or more than the test of many times that repeats to arrange.
3, multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the specific combining ability analysis of described family sugar content is important process and an economical character of investigating the family of participating in the experiment in the maturing stage, comprise plant height h (m), stem footpath D (cm), productive tiller N (bar/mu), field hammer degree B (%) and cane suger part S (%), and unit of account area sugar content.
4, multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described parent father and mother's property evaluation is to utilize R software that collected sugar content is analyzed, utilize parent's Best Linear Unbiased difference estimated value to calculate male parent and maternal general combining ability, compare with the male parent of contrast kind and maternal general combining ability, the family of participating in the experiment contained male parent and female parent are estimated with this.
5, multi-purpose evaluating method for sugarcane family according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described family superior and inferior evaluating is to utilize R software that the sugar content of the family of participating in the experiment is analyzed, evaluation calculates family sugar content and specific combining ability thereof according to family, compare in conjunction with other proterties and with the contrast kind, to the family evaluation of participating in the experiment, calculate the selective ratio of family with this.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102415249A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-04-18 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for quickly evaluating genetic effect of sugarcane parent on ratoon character |
| CN103793850A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-14 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Plant breeding materials screening method and system |
| CN103947540A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-30 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | Breeding method for winemaking sugarcane varieties |
| CN106717822A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 广东省生物工程研究所（广州甘蔗糖业研究所） | Cane seedlings autumn sowing spring planting breeding method |
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| CN102415249A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-04-18 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for quickly evaluating genetic effect of sugarcane parent on ratoon character |
| CN103793850A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-05-14 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Plant breeding materials screening method and system |
| CN103793850B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2018-06-05 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A kind of crop breeding material screening methodologies and system |
| CN103947540A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-30 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | Breeding method for winemaking sugarcane varieties |
| CN103947540B (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2016-05-25 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | A kind of selection of the sugar cane breed of making wine |
| CN106717822A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 广东省生物工程研究所（广州甘蔗糖业研究所） | Cane seedlings autumn sowing spring planting breeding method |
| CN107674909A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-02-09 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | A kind of method of Fast Evaluation Sugarcane Breeding leaf rust genetics of resistance effect |
| CN114586679A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-07 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Breeding method for improving sugarcane cross breeding efficiency |
| CN114568303A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-06-03 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Double-comparison breeding method for sugarcane hybrid nursery stage material |
| CN114814123A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for evaluating influence of sugarcane borers on sucrose score |
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Application publication date: 20090513 |