CN114557369A - Composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, preparation method, medicine and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, preparation method, medicine and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114557369A CN114557369A CN202210310015.2A CN202210310015A CN114557369A CN 114557369 A CN114557369 A CN 114557369A CN 202210310015 A CN202210310015 A CN 202210310015A CN 114557369 A CN114557369 A CN 114557369A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/24—Cyanogen or compounds thereof, e.g. hydrogen cyanide, cyanic acid, cyanamide, thiocyanic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of root-knot nematode prevention and control, in particular to a composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, and a preparation method, a medicament and application thereof. The composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen. The prepared composition can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes (the death rate of the root-knot nematodes reaches 61.9% -73.81%), reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and reduce cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of the marigold, and avoids the influence of marigold planting on the effective area of economic crops. In addition, the control method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate (only by directly applying the composition to soil), and has good control effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of root-knot nematode prevention and control, in particular to a composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, and a preparation method, a medicament and application thereof.
Background
At present, root knot nematode disease occurs on vegetables, melons and fruits in the planting of vegetables, melons and fruits and is a serious disease. The disease can cause roots of vegetables such as melons, solanaceous fruits, Chinese cabbages and the like to form root knots, and is easy to infect other fungi and bacterial diseases, and finally causes plant necrosis. At present, the harm of root-knot nematode becomes a prominent problem in agricultural production, the occurrence of the root-knot nematode is in an increasing trend, and the yield of economic crops is reduced by 10 to 20 percent each year. Therefore, the prevention and control of root-knot nematodes of crops such as vegetables, melons and fruits are very important.
The current root-knot nematodes mainly have the following problems: 1) the chemical agent for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes easily causes pesticide residues, pollutes soil and agricultural products, is easy to generate drug resistance, and increases the prevention and treatment cost; 2) the economic benefit of the crops in unit area is inevitably reduced by intercropping and crop rotation of the marigold and the economic crops, and meanwhile, the yield of the economic crops is influenced to a certain degree; 3) the organic pesticide prepared by marigold has relatively complex steps and inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, and a preparation method, a medicament and application thereof. The composition provided by the invention can effectively prevent and control root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and reduce cost, and does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, thereby avoiding the influence of marigold planting on the effective area of economic crops.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-33 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 34-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the marigold to the maidenhair to the lime nitrogen is 33:33:34 or 50:25:25 or 20:20: 60.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, which comprises the following steps:
firstly drying marigold raw materials, and then carrying out first crushing to obtain marigold; the marigold raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold;
carrying out secondary crushing on the malachite raw material after secondary drying to obtain malachite grass; the raw malachite material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite;
mixing marigold, maidenhair and lime nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
Preferably, the temperatures of the first drying and the second drying are respectively 50-55 ℃.
Preferably, the first sieving treatment is also included after the first crushing; the mesh number of the first screening treatment is 10-40 meshes;
second sieving treatment is also carried out after the second crushing; the mesh number of the second screening treatment is 10-40 meshes.
Preferably, the particle size of the lime nitrogen is 1-5 mm.
The invention also provides a drug for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method and auxiliary materials.
The invention also provides the application of the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method or the drug in preventing and treating root-knot nematodes.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following steps:
applying the composition or drug to soil;
the composition comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu;
the medicament comprises the medicament; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu based on the dosage of the composition in the medicine.
Has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen. The prepared composition can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes (the death rate of the root-knot nematodes reaches 61.9% -73.81%), reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and reduce cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of the marigold, and avoids the influence of marigold planting on the effective area of economic crops.
In addition, the control method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate (only by directly applying the composition to soil), and has good control effect.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
The composition comprises 20-50 parts by mass of marigold, preferably 20-33 parts by mass, and more preferably 20, 33 or 50 parts by mass. In the present invention, the raw material for preparing marigold preferably includes one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold, more preferably, the whole plant of marigold, and still more preferably, the whole plant of marigold in full-bloom stage. The invention selects complete plants as the preparation raw materials, can improve the utilization rate of the plants and reduce the preparation cost. The marigold can generate alpha-terphthalthiophene and has allelopathy on various plant parasitic nematodes.
The composition comprises 20-33 parts by mass of maidenhair, preferably 20-33 parts, and more preferably 20, 25 or 33 parts. In the present invention, the raw material for preparing the maidenhair preferably comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of the maidenhair, more preferably is a whole plant of the maidenhair, and even more preferably is a whole plant of the maidenhair in the full-bloom stage.
The composition comprises 25-60 parts by mass of lime nitrogen, preferably 34-60 parts, and more preferably 25, 34 or 60 parts. In the present invention, the lime nitrogen is preferably a bioparticle type lime nitrogen; the particle size of the lime nitrogen is preferably 1-5 mm, and more preferably 1-4 mm. The lime nitrogen of the present invention is preferably purchased from agriculture technologies ltd, ohmanjie, henan republic. The lime nitrogen is not only an alkaline fertilizer, but also can be used as a soil conditioner, a bactericide or an insecticide.
The composition prepared by mixing proper marigold, maidenhair and lime nitrogen can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, and has low prevention and treatment cost, and marigold intercropping and rotation are not needed, so that the influence of marigold rotation on the yield of economic crops is avoided.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, which comprises the following steps:
firstly drying marigold raw materials, and then carrying out first crushing to obtain marigold; the marigold raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold;
carrying out second crushing after second drying on the raw material of the malachite grass to obtain the malachite grass; the raw malachite material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite;
mixing marigold, maidenhair and lime nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
According to the method, marigold raw materials are dried firstly and then crushed firstly, so that marigold is obtained. In the present invention, the marigold raw material includes one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold, and is more preferably a whole plant of marigold, and is even more preferably a whole plant of marigold in full-bloom stage. In the invention, the temperature of the first drying is preferably 50-55 ℃, and more preferably 55 ℃.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the first pulverization further comprises a first sieving treatment; the mesh number of the first screening treatment is preferably 10-40 meshes, more preferably 15-30 meshes, and even more preferably 20 meshes.
The maidenhair raw material is dried for the second time and then crushed for the second time to obtain the maidenhair. In the present invention, the raw malachite material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite, more preferably, whole plants of malachite, and still more preferably, whole plants of malachite in full bloom stage. In the invention, the temperature of the second drying is preferably 50-55 ℃, and more preferably 55 ℃.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the second pulverization further includes a second sieving treatment; the mesh number of the second screening treatment is preferably 10-40 meshes, more preferably 15-30 meshes, and even more preferably 20 meshes.
The invention also provides a drug for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method and auxiliary materials.
The invention also provides the application of the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method or the drug in preventing and treating root-knot nematodes. The composition provided by the invention can effectively prevent and control root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and reduce cost, and does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, thereby avoiding the influence of marigold planting on the effective area of economic crops.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following steps:
applying the composition or drug to soil;
the composition comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu, preferably 75 kg/mu;
the medicament comprises the medicament; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu, preferably 75 kg/mu, based on the dosage of the composition in the medicine.
The control method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate (only by directly applying the composition to soil), and has good control effect.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided to describe a composition for controlling root-knot nematode, its preparation method, drug and application in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes comprises the following components: 33kg (33 parts by mass) of marigold, 33kg (33 parts by mass) of maidenhair and 34kg (34 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The preparation of the composition consists of the following steps:
collecting whole plant (including flower, leaf, stem and root, collected from Shanghai village in Pink region of Rifeng city) of Tagetes erecta in full-bloom stage, oven drying at 55 deg.C, pulverizing with pulverizer, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain Tagetes erecta;
collecting complete plants (including flowers, leaves, stems and roots, collected from Shanghai village in Pink region of Chifeng city) in the prosperous period of maidenhair, drying at 55 deg.C, pulverizing with a pulverizer, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain maidenhair;
the lime nitrogen is biological granular lime nitrogen which is purchased from Olympic agriculture science and technology Limited company in Henan republic and has the grain diameter of 1-4 mm;
mixing marigold, maidenhair and lime nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
Example 2
A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes comprises the following components: 50kg (50 parts by mass) of marigold, 25kg (25 parts by mass) of maidenhair and 25kg (25 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The composition was prepared as in example 1.
Example 3
A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes comprises the following components: 20kg (20 parts by mass) of marigold, 20kg (20 parts by mass) of maidenhair and 60kg (60 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The composition was prepared as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes comprises the following components: 50kg (50 parts by mass) of marigold and 50kg (50 parts by mass) of maidenhair.
The composition was prepared as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes comprises the following components: 40kg (40 parts by mass) of marigold and 60kg (60 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The composition was prepared as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes comprises the following components: 40kg (40 parts by mass) of maidenhair and 60kg (60 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The composition was prepared as in example 1.
Application example 1
Collecting whole marigold plants and whole malachite plants in mountain areas of Pinus densiflora in Chifeng city in 8 months in 2021, and preparing the composition according to the proportion and the method of the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3;
after different compositions are obtained, in a mountain area of Pinus densiflora in Hongfeng city, serving as a greenhouse area of a local tomato facility, laying points along the greenhouse direction according to a W shape to collect soil samples, wherein the sampling depth is 30cm, the temperature is 4 ℃ for standby, collecting and measuring the number of nematodes by adopting a sucrose centrifugation method, counting 4 times for each nematode suspension, taking an average value, measuring the initial number of root knot nematodes in the test area to be 280 nematodes per 100g of soil, randomly setting 30 test areas, and setting the area of each test area to be 21.6m2Each test zone was treated as follows: deeply ploughing soil and normally applying general fertilizer (thoroughly decomposed manure 7 m) before planting tomatoes3Macroelement fertilizer (N-P)2O5-K2O: 15-15-15)40kg), ridging, carrying out water-sufficient drip irrigation, planting tomato plants after 7d, planting 80 tomatoes in each test area, wherein the planting distance is 30 cm.
The 30 test areas are randomly divided into 10 treatment groups, and each treatment group comprises three test areas;
wherein each test area of treatment group 1 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in example 1 at an application rate of 50 kg/acre when general purpose fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 2 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in example 2 at an application rate of 60 kg/acre when general purpose fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 3 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in example 3 at a rate of 75 kg/acre when a universal fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 4 was simultaneously applied with marigold prepared according to the method of example 1 at an application rate of 75 kg/acre while applying a universal fertilizer;
while applying the general-purpose fertilizer to each test area of the treatment group 5, the malachite grass prepared according to the method of example 1 was applied at a rate of 75 kg/mu;
when the general fertilizer is applied to each test area of the treatment group 6, lime nitrogen (purchased from Olympic agriculture science and technology Limited, in Henan republic and with the particle size of 1-4 mm) is applied at the same time, and the application amount is 75 kg/mu;
each test area of treatment group 7 was only fertilized with universal fertilizer;
each test area of treatment group 8 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in comparative example 1 at an application rate of 75 kg/acre when general purpose fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 9 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in comparative example 2 at an application rate of 75 kg/acre when a general purpose fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 10 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in comparative example 3 at an application rate of 75 kg/acre when a general purpose fertilizer was applied;
the number of root-knot nematodes was measured after 30 days of treatment (as above) and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 number of root-knot nematodes in the soil and their mortality after 30 days of different treatment groups (strip/100 g soil)
Note: the root-knot nematode mortality in the table is 30d mean number of root-knot nematodes/280 × 100%.
As can be seen from Table 1, the composition provided by the invention has a synergistic effect, the killing rate of root-knot nematodes is 61.9% -73.81%, and the control effect is better than that of the composition compounded in comparative examples 1-3, and the composition is prepared by separately applying marigold, malachite and lime nitrogen.
In conclusion, the composition provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and reduce cost, and does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, thereby avoiding the influence of marigold planting on the effective area of economic crops.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The composition for controlling root-knot nematodes is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-33 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of maidenhair and 34-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of marigold, maidenhair and lime nitrogen is 33:33:34 or 50:25:25 or 20:20: 60.
4. A process for the preparation of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
firstly drying marigold raw materials, and then carrying out first crushing to obtain marigold; the marigold raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold;
carrying out second crushing after second drying on the raw material of the malachite grass to obtain the malachite grass; the raw malachite material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite;
mixing marigold, maidenhair and lime nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperatures of the first and second drying are 50 to 55 ℃.
6. The production method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the first pulverization further comprises a first sieving treatment; the mesh number of the first screening treatment is 10-40 meshes;
second sieving treatment is also carried out after the second crushing; the mesh number of the second screening treatment is 10-40 meshes.
7. A method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the lime nitrogen has a particle size of 1 to 5 mm.
8. A drug for controlling root-knot nematodes, which is characterized by comprising the composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the composition prepared by the preparation method as defined in any one of claims 4 to 7 and auxiliary materials.
9. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the composition prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 7 or the medicament according to claim 8 for controlling root-knot nematodes.
10. A method of controlling root-knot nematodes comprising the steps of:
applying the composition or drug to soil;
the composition comprises the composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 or the composition prepared by the preparation method as defined in any one of claims 4 to 7; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu;
the medicament comprises the medicament of claim 8; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu based on the dosage of the composition in the medicine.
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2022
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| JP2007246496A (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-27 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Paste-like agrochemical formulation |
| GB0609436D0 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2006-06-21 | Plant Impact Plc | Nematicidal composition |
| US20090263520A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-10-22 | Plant Impact Plc | Nematicidal composition |
| WO2013002300A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-03 | 日本農薬株式会社 | Agricultural and horticultural insecticide composition and utilization method therefor |
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| CN105230658A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-01-13 | 赵景歧 | Prevention and treatment preparation for root-knot nematode of salvia miltiorrhiza |
| CN107279191A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-10-24 | 中国农业大学 | Marigold straw biological organic agricultural chemicals and its application in preventing and treating root-knot nematode |
| CN113973855A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-01-28 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | High-efficiency low-toxicity low-residue cucumber root knot nematode disease control agent |
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| CN114557369B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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