CN114557369B - Composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, and preparation method, medicine and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, and preparation method, medicine and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114557369B CN114557369B CN202210310015.2A CN202210310015A CN114557369B CN 114557369 B CN114557369 B CN 114557369B CN 202210310015 A CN202210310015 A CN 202210310015A CN 114557369 B CN114557369 B CN 114557369B
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/24—Cyanogen or compounds thereof, e.g. hydrogen cyanide, cyanic acid, cyanamide, thiocyanic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of root-knot nematode control, in particular to a composition for controlling root-knot nematodes, a preparation method, a medicament and application thereof. The composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of malachite and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen. According to the invention, through mixing proper marigold, malachite and lime nitrogen, the prepared composition can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes (the death rate of the root-knot nematodes reaches 61.9% -73.81%), reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, and avoids the influence of the planted marigold on the effective area of cash crops. In addition, the control method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate (the composition is directly applied to the soil), and the control effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of root-knot nematode control, in particular to a composition for controlling root-knot nematodes, a preparation method, a medicament and application thereof.
Background
In the current vegetable melon and fruit crop planting, root knot nematode disease occurs on vegetables, melons and fruits, and is a serious disease. The disease can cause root formation of roots of vegetables such as melons, solanaceae, chinese cabbages and the like, and is easier to infect other fungi and bacterial diseases, and finally, the plant necrosis is caused. At present, the harm of the root-knot nematodes is a prominent problem in agricultural production, the occurrence of the root-knot nematodes is in an ascending trend, and the economic crops are reduced by 10% -20% each year. Therefore, the pesticide composition is very important for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes of crops such as vegetables, melons and fruits.
At present, the root-knot nematodes are mainly prevented and treated by the following problems: 1) The chemical agent for preventing and controlling the root-knot nematode is easy to cause pesticide residues, pollute soil and agricultural products, easily generate drug resistance and increase prevention and control cost; 2) Intercropping and rotation of marigold and cash crops inevitably reduce the cash benefit of the crops in unit area, and meanwhile, the cash crop yield is affected to a certain extent; 3) The method for preparing the organic pesticide by using the marigold has relatively complicated steps and inconvenient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, and a preparation method, a medicament and application thereof. The composition provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, and avoids the influence of the planted marigold on the effective area of cash crops.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of malachite and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-33 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of malachite and 34-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the marigold, the malachite and the lime nitrogen is 33:33:34 or 50:25:25 or 20:20:60.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, which comprises the following steps:
firstly drying the marigold raw material, and then carrying out first crushing to obtain marigold; the marigold raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold;
secondly, drying the malachite raw material, and then carrying out second crushing to obtain malachite; the malachite raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite;
mixing flos Tagetis Erectae, peacock grass and calx nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
Preferably, the temperature of the first drying and the second drying is 50-55 ℃ respectively.
Preferably, the first crushing further comprises a first sieving treatment; the mesh number of the first sieving treatment is 10-40 meshes;
the second crushing step further comprises a second sieving treatment; the mesh number of the second sieving treatment is 10-40 meshes.
Preferably, the particle size of the lime nitrogen is 1-5 mm.
The invention also provides a medicine for preventing and treating the root-knot nematode, which comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method and auxiliary materials.
The invention also provides an application of the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method or the medicine in preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the root-knot nematode, which comprises the following steps:
applying the composition or the drug to the soil;
the composition comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu;
the medicine comprises the medicine; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu calculated by the dosage of the composition in the medicine.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of malachite and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen. According to the invention, through mixing proper marigold, malachite and lime nitrogen, the prepared composition can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes (the death rate of the root-knot nematodes reaches 61.9% -73.81%), reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, and avoids the influence of the planted marigold on the effective area of cash crops.
In addition, the control method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate (the composition is directly applied to the soil), and the control effect is good.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of malachite and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen.
The composition of the present invention comprises 20 to 50 parts by mass of marigold, preferably 20 to 33 parts, more preferably 20, 33 or 50 parts. In the present invention, the preparation raw materials of the marigold preferably include one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of the marigold, more preferably whole plants of the marigold, and even more preferably whole plants of the marigold in the full bloom stage. The invention selects the complete plant as the preparation raw material, which can improve the plant utilization rate and reduce the preparation cost. The marigold can produce alpha-trithiophene and has a chemosensory effect on various plant parasitic nematodes.
The composition of the present invention comprises 20 to 33 parts by mass of malachite, preferably 20 to 33 parts, more preferably 20, 25 or 33 parts. In the present invention, the raw materials for preparing the malachite preferably include one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite, more preferably whole plants of malachite, and even more preferably whole plants of malachite in the full bloom stage.
The composition of the invention comprises 25 to 60 parts by mass of lime nitrogen, preferably 34 to 60 parts, more preferably 25, 34 or 60 parts. In the present invention, the lime nitrogen is preferably bio-particulate lime nitrogen; the particle size of the lime nitrogen is preferably 1 to 5mm, more preferably 1 to 4mm. The lime nitrogen of the invention is preferably purchased from australian technology limited in the republic of henna. The lime nitrogen disclosed by the invention is not only an alkaline fertilizer, but also can be used as a soil conditioner, a bactericide or an insecticide.
According to the invention, through mixing proper marigold, malachite and lime nitrogen, the prepared composition can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, has low prevention and treatment cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, and avoids the influence of marigold wheels on the yield of cash crops.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, which comprises the following steps:
firstly drying the marigold raw material, and then carrying out first crushing to obtain marigold; the marigold raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold;
secondly, drying the malachite raw material, and then carrying out second crushing to obtain malachite; the malachite raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of malachite;
mixing flos Tagetis Erectae, peacock grass and calx nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
The method comprises the steps of drying marigold raw materials for the first time, and then carrying out first crushing to obtain the marigold. In the present invention, the marigold raw material comprises one or more of roots, stems, leaves and flowers of marigold, more preferably a whole plant of marigold, still more preferably a whole plant of marigold in full bloom. In the present invention, the temperature of the first drying is preferably 50 to 55 ℃, more preferably 55 ℃.
In the present invention, the first pulverization preferably further comprises a first sieving treatment; the mesh number of the first sieving treatment is preferably 10 to 40 mesh, more preferably 15 to 30 mesh, and still more preferably 20 mesh.
According to the invention, the malachite raw material is subjected to secondary drying and secondary crushing to obtain the malachite. In the present invention, the peacock raw material includes one or more of root, stem, leaf and flower of peacock, more preferably a complete plant of peacock, still more preferably a complete plant of peacock in the full bloom stage. In the present invention, the temperature of the second drying is preferably 50 to 55 ℃, more preferably 55 ℃.
In the present invention, the second pulverization preferably further comprises a second sieving treatment; the mesh number of the second sieving treatment is preferably 10 to 40 mesh, more preferably 15 to 30 mesh, and still more preferably 20 mesh.
The invention also provides a medicine for preventing and treating the root-knot nematode, which comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method and auxiliary materials.
The invention also provides an application of the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method or the medicine in preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes. The composition provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, and avoids the influence of the planted marigold on the effective area of cash crops.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the root-knot nematode, which comprises the following steps:
applying the composition or the drug to the soil;
the composition comprises the composition or the composition prepared by the preparation method; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu, preferably 75 kg/mu;
the medicine comprises the medicine; the dosage of the composition in the medicine is 50-75 kg/mu, preferably 75 kg/mu.
The control method provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate (the composition is directly applied to the soil), and the control effect is good.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail a composition for controlling root-knot nematode, and its preparation method, medicament and application, which are provided by the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes consists of the following components: 33kg (33 parts by mass) of marigold, 33kg (33 parts by mass) of malachite and 34kg (34 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The preparation of the composition consists of the following steps:
collecting whole plants (including flowers, leaves, stems and roots) of Tagetes in full-bloom stage, drying at 55deg.C, pulverizing with pulverizer, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain Tagetes;
collecting complete plants (including flowers, leaves, stems and roots) of Peacock grass in full-bloom stage, drying at 55deg.C, pulverizing with pulverizer, and sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain Peacock grass;
the lime nitrogen is selected from biological granular lime nitrogen which is purchased from Henan Yuzhou agricultural technology Co., ltd, and the grain size is 1-4 mm;
mixing flos Tagetis Erectae, peacock grass and calx nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
Example 2
A composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes consists of the following components: 50kg (50 parts by mass) of marigold, 25kg (25 parts by mass) of malachite and 25kg (25 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The preparation method of the composition is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes consists of the following components: 20kg (20 parts by mass) of marigold, 20kg (20 parts by mass) of malachite and 60kg (60 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The preparation method of the composition is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
A composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes consists of the following components: 50kg (50 parts by mass) of marigold and 50kg (50 parts by mass) of malachite.
The preparation method of the composition is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
A composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes consists of the following components: 40kg (40 parts by mass) of marigold and 60kg (60 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The preparation method of the composition is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
A composition for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes consists of the following components: 40kg (40 parts by mass) of malachite and 60kg (60 parts by mass) of lime nitrogen.
The preparation method of the composition is the same as in example 1.
Application example 1
After collecting whole plants of marigold and whole plants of malachite on village in pine mountain area of the Chifeng city in 8 months 2021, the compositions were prepared according to the proportions and methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3;
after different compositions are obtained, soil samples are collected in a greenhouse area of a tomato facility in a rural area of a mountain area of Pingshan in Chifeng city according to W-shaped distribution points along the greenhouse direction, the sampling depth is 30cm and the temperature is 4 ℃ for standby, the nematode quantity is collected and measured by adopting a sucrose centrifugation method, the nematode suspension liquid is counted for 4 times, the average value is taken, the initial root-knot nematode quantity of the measured test area is 280 pieces/100 g of soil, 30 test areas are randomly arranged, and the area of each test area is 21.6m 2 Each test zone was treated as follows: deep soil turning and normal application of general fertilizer (decomposed manure 7 m) 3 Macroelement fertilizer (N-P) 2 O 5 -K 2 O: 15-15-15) 40 kg), ridging, drip irrigation with enough water, planting tomato plants after 7d, and positioning 80 tomato plants in each test area, wherein the planting plant distance is 30cm.
The 30 test areas are randomly divided into 10 treatment groups, and three test areas are arranged in each treatment group;
wherein each test area of treatment group 1 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in example 1 at a rate of 50 kg/mu when the universal fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 2 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in example 2 at a rate of 60 kg/mu when applying universal fertilizer;
each test area of treatment group 3 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in example 3 at a rate of 75 kg/mu when applying universal fertilizer;
each test area of treatment group 4 was simultaneously applied with marigold prepared as in example 1 at a rate of 75 kg/mu when universal fertilizer was applied;
when universal fertilizer is applied to each test area of the treatment group 5, peacock is prepared by the method of the example 1, and the application amount is 75 kg/mu;
each test area of treatment group 6 was simultaneously applied with lime nitrogen (from australian agriculture technologies limited in the republic of river, particle size 1-4 mm) at a rate of 75 kg/mu when applying universal fertilizer;
each test area of treatment group 7 was only applied with universal fertilizer;
each test area of treatment group 8 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in comparative example 1 at a rate of 75 kg/mu when applying universal fertilizer;
each test area of treatment group 9 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in comparative example 2 at a rate of 75 kg/mu when the universal fertilizer was applied;
each test area of treatment group 10 was simultaneously applied with the composition prepared in comparative example 3 at a rate of 75 kg/mu when the universal fertilizer was applied;
after 30d of treatment, the number of the root-knot nematodes was measured (the measurement method is the same as above), and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 number of soil-knot nematodes and mortality after 30d in different treatment groups (bars/100 g soil)
Note that: mortality of root-knot nematodes in the table = average number of root-knot nematodes after 30 d/280×100%.
As shown in Table 1, the composition provided by the invention has a synergistic effect, the killing rate of the composition on root-knot nematodes is 61.9% -73.81%, and the control effect is better than that of the composition compounded in comparative examples 1-3 as well as that of the composition prepared by independently applying marigold, malachite and lime nitrogen.
In conclusion, the composition provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematodes, reduce the use amount of chemical pesticides, reduce pollution and cost, does not need intercropping and rotation of marigold, and avoids the influence of the planted marigold on the effective area of cash crops.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto, but rather to enable any person skilled in the art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is therefore to be limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A composition for controlling root-knot nematodes, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 20-50 parts of marigold, 20-33 parts of malachite and 25-60 parts of lime nitrogen;
the mass ratio of the marigold to the malachite to the lime nitrogen is 33:33:34 or 50:25:25 or 20:20:60;
the composition is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
firstly crushing marigold raw materials to obtain marigold; the marigold raw material is a complete plant of marigold in a full-bloom stage;
secondly, smashing the malachite raw material to obtain malachite; the malachite raw material is a complete plant of malachite in a full-bloom stage;
mixing flos Tagetis Erectae, peacock grass and calx nitrogen in proportion to obtain the composition.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the marigold raw material further comprises, prior to the first comminution: first drying the marigold raw material;
the peacock raw material further comprises: and (5) carrying out second drying on the malachite raw material.
3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the first and second drying temperatures are 50-55 ℃ respectively.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the first post-comminution further comprises a first sieving treatment; the mesh number of the first sieving treatment is 10-40 meshes;
the second crushing step further comprises a second sieving treatment; the mesh number of the second sieving treatment is 10-40 meshes.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the lime nitrogen has a particle size of 1 to 5mm.
6. A medicament for controlling root-knot nematodes, which is characterized by comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and an auxiliary material.
7. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a medicament according to claim 6 for controlling root-knot nematodes.
8. A method for controlling root-knot nematodes, comprising the steps of:
applying the composition or the drug to the soil;
the composition comprises the composition of any one of claims 1 to 5; the dosage of the composition is 50-75 kg/mu;
the medicament comprising the medicament of claim 6; the dosage of the composition in the medicine is 50-75 kg/mu.
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