CN114555105A - Tgr5活化用组合物 - Google Patents
Tgr5活化用组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114555105A CN114555105A CN202080072101.3A CN202080072101A CN114555105A CN 114555105 A CN114555105 A CN 114555105A CN 202080072101 A CN202080072101 A CN 202080072101A CN 114555105 A CN114555105 A CN 114555105A
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- soyasapogenol
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供一种含有具有TGR5活化作用,且相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质作为有效成分的TGR5活化用组合物以及一种使用相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质来活化TGR5的方法。本发明涉及含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类作为有效成分的TGR5活化用组合物等。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及TGR5活化用组合物。此外,本发明还涉及活化TGR5的方法等。
背景技术
TGR5(Transmembrane G protein-coupled Receptor 5)为G蛋白质偶联胆汁酸受体,在骨骼肌、褐色脂肪组织等多种组织中表达。作为TGR5的体内配体已知有胆汁酸。血液中的胆汁酸通过与TGR5结合,活化细胞内信号,发挥抗肥胖、降血糖作用等。专利文献1中,记载大豆皂苷等具有TGR5活化作用。
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2016-27012号公报
发明内容
受体的激动剂化合物,期待相对于目标受体的选择性高。若选择性低,容易与目标以外的受体结合,因此难以充分获得所期望的效果,而容易产生发生副作用等的问题。关于TGR5,追求具有TGR5活化作用,且相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质。专利文献1中并未探讨TGR5活化剂对TGR5的选择性。
本发明的目的在于提供一种含有具有TGR5活化作用,且相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质作为有效成分的TGR5活化用组合物。此外,本发明的目的在于提供一种使用相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质来活化TGR5的方法。
本发明者等,对上述课题进行深入研究,结果发现大豆皂醇类具有TGR5活化作用,且相对于TGR5的选择性高。
即,虽不限定于此,但本发明涉及以下的TGR5活化用组合物等。
[1]一种TGR5活化用组合物,其特征在于,含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类作为有效成分。
[2]根据上述[1]所述的TGR5活化用组合物,其特征在于,1种以上的大豆皂醇类为大豆皂醇A及/或大豆皂醇B。
[3]根据上述[1]或[2]所述的TGR5活化用组合物,其特征在于,为饮食品、化妆料或医药部外品。
[4]一种应用,其特征在于,将1种以上的大豆皂醇类用于活化TGR5。
[5]一种活化TGR5的方法,其特征在于,投用1种以上的大豆皂醇类。
根据本发明,可提供一种含有具有TGR5活化作用,且相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质作为有效成分的TGR5活化用组合物等。本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,通过含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类作为有效成分,为具有TGR5活化作用,且相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质。本发明中使用的大豆皂醇类,为自古以来作为饮食品摄取的成分,在安全性高可持续摄取方面有利。此外,根据本发明,可提供使用相对于TGR5的选择性高的物质来活化TGR5的方法。
具体实施方式
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类作为有效成分。
在本发明中,TGR5(Transmembrane G protein-coupled Receptor 5)优选为人类TGR5(hTGR5)。
大豆皂醇类(也可称作大豆皂醇化合物),具有活化TGR5的作用(激动剂作用)。大豆皂醇类具有使TGR5活化,使细胞内cAMP浓度上升的作用。大豆皂醇类具有相对于TGR5的选择性高的特征。
大豆皂醇类为大豆(学名:Glycine max)等豆科植物等中所含的化合物。大豆皂醇类为三萜的一种。在本发明中,作为1种以上的大豆皂醇,可仅使用1种化合物,也可使用2种以上的化合物。在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,可仅含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类作为有效成分。
作为大豆皂醇类,可列举大豆皂醇A、大豆皂醇B、大豆皂醇C等。作为1种以上的大豆皂醇类,优选大豆皂醇A及/或大豆皂醇B。其中,从相对于TGR5的选择性高的观点出发,优选大豆皂醇B。在一种方式中,作为大豆皂醇类,使用大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B时,它们的比率并无特别限定。大豆皂醇A:大豆皂醇B(重量比),例如可为1:99~99:1、10:90~90:10或10:90~30:70。
关于用于获得大豆皂醇类的来源、制法并无特别限制。作为富含大豆皂醇类的植物或其部位,已知大豆(尤其是大豆种子(大豆))、赤豆(学名:Vigna angularis)(尤其是赤豆种子(红豆))、葛根等。可通过公知的方法,从这些植物中,对大豆皂醇类进行萃取及精制来制备。大豆皂醇类也可通过公知的方法对大豆皂苷类进行水解来获得。大豆皂醇类可以使用市售品。
在本发明中,只要可发挥本发明的效果,本发明的组合物也可含有富含1种以上的大豆皂醇类的植物来源原料。作为富含1种以上的大豆皂醇类的植物来源原料,例如可直接使用生的大豆种子或通过冷冻干燥等干燥而得的物质、通过热水或有机溶剂对大豆种子进行萃取获得液体(萃取液),并对其进行浓缩或冷冻干燥而得的物质,或用管柱等对萃取液的干燥物进行精制,而对大豆皂醇类进行高纯度化而得的物质等。这样的含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类的植物来源原料,可使用市售的物质,也可通过公知的方法从大豆等植物中制备。
TGR5与具有活化(激动剂)作用的物质结合时,细胞内的环AMP(cAMP)浓度上升。通过此cAMP浓度的上升,目标基因的转录得到活化而发挥种种作用。TGR5的活化可通过基于报告子测定的活性的评价、TGR5信号下游的基因表达的解析来确认。
在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物可用于使细胞内cAMP浓度上升。
报告有活化TGR5时,肌肉细胞的分化得到促进,在骨骼肌特异性TGR5高表达的小鼠中,肌肉量增加(Sasaki et al.,J.Biol.Chem.(2018)293(26),10322-10332)。从而TGR5的活化引起肌肉量增加。通过增加肌肉量,可获得抑制肌力的降低、维持肌力、恢复肌力、提高肌力等的效果。
此外,TGR5的活化,例如在骨骼肌或褐色脂肪细胞中,通过细胞内cAMP浓度的上升,引起线粒体活性上升,促进热产生、改善能量代谢、增加脂肪酸氧化。从而,通过TGR5的活化,可获得促进热产生、预防或改善肥胖等的效果。此外,通过增加肌肉量,线粒体活性的上升,可期待提高运动机能、提高持久力、抑制疲劳等的效果。
肠道内分泌细胞的L细胞中的TGR5的活化促进糖代谢。从而通过TGR5的活化,可获得血糖下降效果。此外,报告有胆汁酸通过TGR5的活化发挥消化道运动的亢奋及基于此的便秘改善作用(Alemi et al.,Gastroenterology.2013Jan;144(1):145-154.)。除上述以外,报告有TGR5活化抑制酒精性脂肪肝(Iracheta-Vellve A et al.,HepatolCommun.2018Oct 15;2(11):1379-1391)。本发明的TGR5活化用组合物通过活化TGR5,可期待发挥上述作用。
大豆皂醇类,通过TGR5的活化,期待发挥抑制肌肉量减少、维持、恢复或增加肌肉量、抑制肌力的降低、维持、恢复或提高肌力、提高运动机能、提高持久力、抑制疲劳、预防或改善运动障碍症候群或肌减少症、预防或改善肥胖、降低血糖、促进热产生、改善能量代谢、消化道运动的亢奋、预防或改善酒精性脂肪肝、预防或改善代谢症候群等的效果。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物可用于通过活化TGR5获得例如上述的效果。在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物可用于,例如抑制肌肉量减少、维持、恢复或增加肌肉量;抑制肌力的降低、维持、恢复或提高肌力;提高运动机能或提高持久力等。在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物可用于,例如抑制疲劳、预防或改善运动障碍症候群或肌减少症、预防或改善肥胖、降低血糖、促进热产生、改善能量代谢、消化道运动的亢奋、预防或改善酒精性脂肪肝、预防或改善代谢症候群等。
在本发明中,预防包含:防止发症,延迟发症,降低发症率,减轻发症的风险等。状态或疾病的改善包含:使对象从状态或疾病中恢复,减轻状态或疾病的症状,使状态或疾病的症状好转,延迟或防止状态或疾病的发展等。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物适用于治疗性用途(医疗用途)或非治疗性用途(非医疗用途)的任一种均可。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物可以例如饮食品、化妆料、医药品、医药部外品、饲料等的形态提供,但并不限定于这些。本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,其自身可为饮食品、化妆料、医药品、医药部外品、饲料等,也可为这些中使用的添加剂等的制剂、原料。本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,作为一个例子,可以制剂的方式提供,但并不限定于本方式。可将该制剂直接作为组合物提供,或作为含有该制剂的组合物提供。
在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,可为口服用组合物,也可为非口服用组合物,优选为口服用组合物。作为口服用组合物,可列举饮食品、口服用医药品、口服用医药部外品、饲料,优选为饮食品。作为非口服用组合物,可列举非口服用医药品、非口服用医药部外品、化妆料。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物只要不损害本发明的效果,除上述大豆皂醇类以外,可含有任意的添加剂、任意的成分。这些添加剂及成分,可根据组合物的形态等来选择,可使用一般的饮食品、化妆料、医药品、医药部外品、饲料等中可使用的物质。任意的添加剂或成分可使用1种,也可将2种以上组合使用。
作为任意的添加剂或成分的一个例子,可列举支链氨基酸(缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸等)等各种氨基酸及其盐;氨基酸的代谢产物(例如β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(HMB等))及其盐(HMBCa等);乳来源蛋白质(酪朊蛋白质、乳清蛋白质等)、大豆来源蛋白质、米来源蛋白质、鱼肉来源蛋白质、小麦来源蛋白质、豌豆来源蛋白质、胶原蛋白等蛋白质;咪唑肽、乳肽、大豆肽、胶原蛋白肽等肽;硫酸软骨素及其盐、蛋白多糖及其盐等粘多糖或含有这些的鲨鱼软骨萃取物;维生素D、维生素B1、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素E、维生素C等维生素类;钙、镁等矿物质类;槲皮素及其糖苷、原花青素、天草来源多酚、胡桃多酚、葡萄种子多酚、葡萄糖胺及其盐、肌酸、叶酸、柠檬酸、γ-谷维素等。
此外,作为任意的添加剂或成分的一个例子,可列举制剂化中调配的赋形剂、结合剂、乳化剂、张力剂(等张化剂)、缓冲剂、助溶剂、防腐剂、稳定化剂、抗氧化剂、着色剂、凝固剂、涂布剂、香料等。
将本发明的TGR5活化用组合物制成饮食品时,在1种以上的大豆皂醇类中,调配可用于饮食品的成分(例如,上述任意成分等饮食品原料,根据需要而使用的添加剂等),可制备各种饮食品。饮食品并无特别限定,例如,可列举一般的饮食品、健康食品、功能性标示食品、特定保健用食品、患者用饮食品、食品添加剂、健康辅助食品、它们的原料等。饮食品的形态也无特别限定,可列举固体状、半流动状、流动状等。饮食品也可制成片剂、包衣片剂、细粒剂、颗粒剂、粉剂、丸药、胶囊剂、干糖浆剂、咀嚼剂等口服用固体制剂;内服液剂、糖浆剂等口服用液体制剂的各种制剂形态。
将本发明的TGR5活化用组合物制成化妆料时,可向1种以上的大豆皂醇类中调配化妆料中允许的载体、添加剂等。化妆料的制品方式并无特别限定。
将本发明的TGR5活化用组合物制成医药品或医药部外品时,例如,可向1种以上的大豆皂醇类中调配药理学上允许的赋形剂等,制备各种剂型的医药品或医药部外品。作为医药品或医药部外品的投用方式,可为口服投用,也可为非口服投用。从更充分地获得本发明的效果的观点出发,投用方式优选口服投用。剂型制成适于投用的剂型即可。作为口服用医药品或口服用医药部外品的剂型,例如可列举片剂、包衣片剂、细粒剂、颗粒剂、粉剂、丸药、胶囊剂、干糖浆剂、咀嚼剂等口服用固体制剂;内服液剂、糖浆剂等口服用液体制剂。作为非口服用医药品或非口服用医药部外品的剂型,可列举注射剂、点滴剂、软膏剂、乳剂、贴剂、栓剂、经鼻剂、经肺剂(吸入剂)等。医药品也可为非人类动物用医药。
将本发明的TGR5活化用组合物制成饲料时,可向1种以上的大豆皂醇类中调配可用于饲料的成分制成饲料。作为饲料,例如可列举用于牛、猪、鸡、羊、马等的家畜用饲料;用于兔子、豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠等的小动物用饲料;用于狗、猫、小鸟等的宠物食品等。
将本发明的TGR5活化用组合物制成饮食品、化妆料、医药品、医药部外品、饲料等时,其制造方法并无特别限定,可使用1种以上的大豆皂醇类,通过一般的方法制造。
在本发明的TGR5活化用组合物的制造中,作为大豆皂醇类,可使用精制的化合物,也可使用富含上述1种以上的大豆皂醇类的植物来源原料。大豆皂醇类,也可以含有该化合物的植物来源原料的形态含于组合物中。
对于本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,包装、容器或说明书等上也可标示用途、有效成分的种类、上述效果、使用方法(例如摄取方法、投用方法)等中的1种或2种以上。本发明的TGR5活化用组合物上,也可附有具有TGR5活化作用,或具有该作用所带来的作用的含义的标示。在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物上也可附有例如“抑制肌肉减少”、“维持肌肉”、“增加肌肉”、“改善肌肉”、“抑制肌力下降”、“维持肌力”、“增加肌力”、“改善肌力”、“支持生成肌肉的能力”、“改善步行功能”、“维持步行功能”、“改善运动功能”、“维持运动功能”、“维持因年龄增加而衰弱的肌肉”及“维持因年龄增加而衰弱的肌力”等中的1种或2种以上的标示。
在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物上也可附有例如“抗肥胖”、“预防肥胖”、“改善肥胖”、“降低腰围”、“维持腰围”、“维持苗条的身体”、“抑制体脂肪的累积”、“降低体脂肪”、“抑制内脏脂肪的累积”、“降低内脏脂肪”、“抑制肝脏中的脂肪的累积”、“降低肝脏中的脂肪”、“减少体重”、“减重”、“减肥”、“燃烧脂肪”、“消耗脂肪”、“代谢脂肪”、“线粒体功能”、“热产生”、“基础代谢”、“代谢功能”、“代谢力”、“预防代谢症候群”、“改善代谢症候群”等中的1种或2种以上的功能的标示。
此外,在一种其他方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物上也可附有例如“抑制餐后的血糖值的上升”、“使餐后的血糖值的上升平稳”、“降低血糖值”、“面向在意血糖值者”、“面向在意餐后的血糖值者”、“改善血糖值易上升的体质”等中的1种或2种以上的标示。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物中的大豆皂醇类的含量,可根据该组合物的形态等适当设定。例如,大豆皂醇类的总含量,在组合物中可为0.0001~95重量%、0.001~90重量%或0.01~90重量%。在一种方式中,将本发明的TGR5活化用组合物制成饮食品、医药品、医药部外品等口服用组合物时,大豆皂醇类的总含量,在组合物中优选0.01重量%以上,更优选0.2重量%以上,此外,优选20重量%以下,更优选10重量%以下。在一种方式中,大豆皂醇类的总含量,在本发明的TGR5活化用组合物中优选0.01~20重量%,更优选0.2~10重量%。就上述总含量而言,大豆皂醇类的化合物含有2种以上时,为它们的合计量。大豆皂醇类的含量可依照公知的方法测定,例如可使用HPLC法等。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物可通过根据其形态的适当的方法摄取或投用。本发明的TGR5活化用组合物优选口服投用或口服摄取。
本发明的TGR5活化用组合物的摄取量(也可称作投用量)并无特别限定,只要是可获得TGR5活化效果的量(有效量)即可,根据投用形态、投用方法、体重等适当设定即可。例如,将人类(成人)作为对象,通过口服投用或摄取时,作为大豆皂醇类的总摄取量,每1天,优选5mg以上,更优选10mg以上,进一步优选20mg以上,此外,优选500mg以下,更优选200mg以下,进一步优选100mg以下。作为一种方式,将人类(成人)作为对象,通过口服投用或摄取时,作为大豆皂醇类的总摄取量,每1天,优选5~500mg,更优选10~200mg,进一步优选20~100mg。优选将上述量例如以1天1次或分2~3次来口服投用或摄取。以将人类(成人)作为对象获得TGR5活化效果为目的摄取本发明的TGR5活化用组合物时,优选以每1天,体重每60kg,大豆皂醇类的总摄取量达到上述范围的方式使对象口服摄取或投用本发明的组合物。
在一种方式中,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物,考虑其形态、投用方法等,优选含有可获得本发明所期望的效果的量,即有效量的上述大豆皂醇类。作为一种方式,例如,本发明的TGR5活化用组合物为饮食品、口服用医药品等口服用组合物时,该组合物的成人每1人每1天,体重每60kg的摄取量中,大豆皂醇类的总含量优选5~500mg,更优选10~200mg,进一步优选20~100mg。
投用或摄取本发明的TGR5活化用组合物的对象(以下可以仅称作投用对象),优选哺乳动物(人类或非人类哺乳动物),更优选人类。作为本发明中的投用对象,优选需要或希望TGR5活化的对象。此外,在一种方式中,作为本发明中的投用对象,也可列举需要或希望增加肌肉量、抑制其减少、维持或恢复肌肉量的对象;需要或希望增加肌力、抑制其降低、维持或提高肌力的对象;需要或希望提高运动机能或提高持久力的对象等。
本发明还包含以下活化TGR5的方法,用于活化TGR5的应用。
一种活化TGR5的方法,其特征在于,投用1种以上的大豆皂醇类。
一种应用,其特征在于,将1种以上的大豆皂醇类用于活化TGR5。
上述方法,可为治疗性方法,也可为非治疗性方法。上述应用,可为治疗性应用,也可为非治疗性应用。
向对象投用1种以上的大豆皂醇类时,可在对象中活化TGR5。大豆皂醇类可用于在对象中活化TGR5。
在上述方法及应用中,使用可获得所期望的作用的量(也可称作有效量)的大豆皂醇类即可。大豆皂醇类、对象、投用方法、投用量、它们的优选方式等,与上述TGR5活化用组合物相同。大豆皂醇类可直接投用,也可作为含有其的化合物投用。例如,也可投用上述本发明的TGR5活化用组合物。
本发明还包含一种将1种以上的大豆皂醇类用于制造TGR5活化用组合物的应用。TGR5活化用组合物及其优选方式与上述相同。
本说明书中记载的学术文献及专利文献均作为参照纳入本说明书中。
实施例
以下,通过实施例进一步对本发明进行详细说明,但并不由此而限定本发明的范围。
<实施例1>
被检物质的TGR5活化作用通过荧光素酶测定进行评价。
该评价系统,通过TGR5下游信号即cAMP response element binding protein(CREB)的转录活化对人类TGR5(hTGR5)的活化进行判定。随着细胞内cAMP浓度的增加,CREB向CRE(cAMP-responsive element)的结合得到活化,荧光素酶基因的转录得到诱导,因此可通过荧光素酶活性的定量评价CREB的活化。
此外,为了评价被检物质对TGR5的选择性,除了使hTGR5强制表达的细胞(也称作hTGR5强制表达细胞)外,对于使与hTGR5同样为G蛋白质偶联型受体的胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)受体(GLP1R)代替hTGR5进行强制表达的细胞(也称作hGLP1R强制表达细胞)也实施荧光素酶测定。hGLP1R强制表达细胞不表达hTGR5。
GLP1R及TGR5均为G蛋白质偶联型受体,GLP1R得到活化时,细胞内cAMP上升。通过添加被检物质,在hTGR5强制表达细胞中荧光素酶活性若上升,则判断该物质具有TGR5活化作用。此外,将被检物质添加至hTGR5强制表达细胞及hGLP1R强制表达细胞,hTGR5强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性的上升,相对于hGLP1R强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性的上升越大,越可称作被检物质对TGR5的选择性高。
(表达载体的制作)
hTGR表达载体(pTGR5)通过以下步骤进行制作。
作为来自人类的TGR5基因的碱基序列,参照NM_001077191,设计对人类TGR5进行编码的人工基因,合成DNA。对于真核生物用表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)(Invitrogen(注册商标),Thermo Fisher Scientific公司),使用该载体的克隆位点BamHI、EcoRI,插入合成DNA制作hTGR表达载体(质粒)。对于转化宿主使用E.coli K12(dam+dcm+tonA)制备质粒。将构建的hTGR表达载体称作pTGR5。
CRE反应性荧光素酶表达载体(pCRE/Luc)使用Promega公司制的pGL4.29[luc2P/CRE/Hygro]。该质粒为保持与cAMP response element(CRE)连结的荧光素酶基因的载体。
将pTGR5及pCRE/Luc两个质粒导入大肠杆菌JM109,培养转化大肠杆菌,纯化对于实验而言充分量的质粒。将纯化的质粒与用于转化的质粒一同以多种限制酶进行处理,通过电泳比较该酶处理片段,确认相同式样,从而确认纯化的质粒与原载体维持相同结构(未示出结果)。以下实验中,使用上述纯化的质粒。
(hTGR强制表达细胞的制作)
在以下试验中,DMEM(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium)使用DMEM(High-glucose)(富士胶片和光纯药株式会社)。PBS(Phosphate Buffered Salts)使用TAKARABIO株式会社制的产品。
将HEK293细胞(人类胎儿肾细胞株,ATCC:CRL-2828)在DMEM-10%FBS(向DMEM中添加10%牛胎儿血清(FBS)(Funakoshi株式会社))的培养基中,使用T75烧瓶进行继代培养。去除培养基,以PBS(-)溶液10mL对细胞进行清洗。向细胞中添加1mL的胰蛋白酶液(PBS溶液对0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA(Nacalai Tesque株式会社)进行10倍稀释的液体),间隔约30秒,细胞剥离后添加10mL的培养基,回收细胞。将回收的细胞移至50mL离心管中,于室温下,以1000rpm进行3分钟离心。在2mL的培养基中使所得小团疏松,将其一部分用0.2%台盼蓝进行10倍稀释,使用血球计数器测量细胞数。向新T75烧瓶中,以细胞数达到6×106个/25mL的方式分注培养基及细胞悬浊液,在恒温箱中(37℃,5%CO2)中培养22小时左右,将本细胞用于质粒导入。
向HEK293细胞中的质粒导入,通过以下步骤实施。
取45μL的X-treme GENE(注册商标)(Roche公司)至1.5mL管中,添加705μL的室温的OptiMEM(注册商标)I Reduced Serum Medium(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司),迅速翻转2次混合后,使液体旋转减慢,获得X-tremeGENE稀释液。在室温下静置5分钟后,将质粒(hTGR5表达载体(pTGR)(5μg)及CRE反应性荧光素酶表达载体(pCRE/Luc)(5μg))添加至上述X-tremeGENE稀释液(750μL)中,迅速翻转2次混合后,旋转减慢,于室温下静置25分钟。在该25分钟内,将上述接种HEK293细胞的F75烧瓶的培养基置换为15mL的DMEM+5%FBS(无抗生素)。于室温下静置25分钟后,将添加上述质粒的X-tremeGENE稀释液765μL,安静地添加(滴下)至烧瓶中的HEK293细胞,安静地混合,在37℃、5%CO2的条件下培养5小时。去除培养基,用PBS(-)溶液10mL对细胞进行清洗。向细胞中添加1mL的胰蛋白酶液(用PBS溶液对0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA进行10倍稀释的溶液),间隔约30秒,细胞剥离后添加10mL的培养基,回收细胞。将回收的细胞移至50mL离心管中,于室温下,以1000rpm进行3分钟离心。在2mL的培养基中使所得小团疏松,将其一部分用0.2%台盼蓝进行10倍稀释,使用血球计数器测量细胞数。将细胞悬浮于种子培养基(DMEM(不含FBS,含盘尼西林/链霉素(富士胶片和光纯药株式会社))中,以75μL/孔接种于96孔白色透明板(Corning公司,Corning 96孔白透明底平底细胞培养表面处理聚苯乙烯微孔板),在恒温箱中(37℃,5%CO2)中培养,作为hTGR强制表达细胞。
(hGLP1强制表达细胞的制作)
将对人类GLP1受体(hGLP1R)基因进行表达的载体导入HEK293细胞,制作使hGLP1R强制表达的细胞。
对于hGLP1R表达载体,使用GLP1R(NM_002062)Human Untagged Clone(ORIGENE公司)。该表达载体,在载体pCMV6-XL5中插入hGLP1R的基因,具有对hGLP1R进行表达的结构。
除了代替hTGR5表达载体(pSTW01),使用上述hGLP1R表达载体以外,以与上述相同的方法,将hGLP1R表达载体导入HEK293细胞中,获得hGLP1R强制表达细胞。
(被检物质)
被检物质使用大豆皂醇A、大豆皂醇B。此外,为了比较,使用大豆皂苷(株式会社J-Oil Mill制的皂苷B-50)。
大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B通过以下方法制备。在20倍量,2规定的盐酸水溶液中使皂苷B-50(株式会社J-Oil Mill制)于100℃下反应2小时,切断皂苷的糖链。反应结束后,将反应液冷却至室温,用氢氧化钠水溶液进行中和。对该反应液进行吸滤,用大量蒸馏水对残渣进行清洗,反复进行吸滤,确认氢氧化钠无残留,进行干燥,获得大豆皂醇粗成分(纯度50%:大豆皂醇A及B的合计)。通过使用硅胶、己烷和乙酸乙酯的混合液的柱色谱法,对该大豆皂醇粗成分更进一步进行精制,分别获得大豆皂醇A(纯度99%以上)及大豆皂醇B(纯度99%以上)。使用所得大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B。
(荧光素酶活性的测定)
接种hTGR强制表达细胞,培养24小时后,添加被检物质(最终浓度:20μg/mL),进一步培养5小时。被检物质(大豆皂醇A、大豆皂醇B或大豆皂苷)溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)来添加。此外,代替被检物质,添加DMSO(最终浓度0.1%)作为阴性对照。培养后以75μL/well添加附属于Dual-Glo(注册商标)Luciferase Assay System(Promega公司)的Dual-GloLuciferase Assay Reagent,于室温下保温10分钟后,用多模式酶标仪FlexStation 3(MOLECULAR DEVICES公司)测定发光强度。将发光强度作为荧光素酶活性。在该评价系统中,使用海肾荧光素酶作为内部标准。
为了评价相对于hTGR5的选择性,代替hTGR5强制表达细胞,使用hGLP1R强制表达细胞,与上述同样地实施荧光素酶的发光测定。
代替被检物质,作为阳性对照,使Lithocholic acid(东京化成工业株式会社)溶解于DMSO并添加至hTGR5强制表达细胞及hGLP1R强制表达细胞(最终浓度3.3μM),通过上述方法测定发光强度。作为其他阳性对照,使Taurolithocholic Acid Sodium Salt(富士胶片和光纯药株式会社)溶解于DMSO,并添加至hTGR5强制表达细胞及hGLP1R强制表达细胞(最终浓度3.3μM),通过上述方法测定发光强度。在hTGR5强制表达细胞及hGLP1R强制表达细胞中,确认无论添加哪一种阳性对照时,与阴性对照(DMSO)相比发光强度均强。
(结果)
(TGR5活化作用)
添加大豆皂醇A、大豆皂醇B或大豆皂苷的hTGR5强制表达细胞与阴性对照相比发光强度均显著强,表示大豆皂醇A、大豆皂醇B及大豆皂苷具有hTGR5活化作用。
(对hTGR5的选择性)
将向hTGR5强制表达细胞中添加DMSO的阴性对照的发光强度作为1,将此时添加被检物质的hTGR5强制表达细胞的发光强度的比(添加被检物质的细胞的发光强度/阴性对照的发光强度)作为添加被检物质的hTGR5强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性(Luc-hTGR5)。
将向hGLP1R强制表达细胞中添加DMSO的阴性对照的发光强度作为1,将此时添加被检物质的hGLP1R强制表达细胞的发光强度的比(添加被检物质的细胞的发光强度/阴性对照的发光强度)作为添加被检物质的hGLP1R强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性(Luc-hGLP1R)。
被检物质对TGR5的选择性的评价,通过相对于添加被检物质的hGLP1R强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性(Luc-hGLP1R)的hTGR5强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性(Luc-hTGR5)的比(Luc-hTGR5/Luc-hGLP1R)进行评价。
将相对于添加被检物质的hGLP1R强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性(Luc-hGLP1R)的hTGR5强制表达细胞中的荧光素酶活性(Luc-hTGR5)的比(Luc-hTGR5/Luc-hGLP1R)示于表1。该荧光素酶活性的比(Luc-hTGR5/Luc-hGLP1R)越大,表示相对于hTGR5的选择性越高。
[表1]
以上表示大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B具有TGR5活化作用。此外,就大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B而言,上述荧光素酶活性的比(Luc-hTGR5/Luc-hGLP1R)比大豆皂苷显著较高。从而表示大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B,与大豆皂苷相比,相对于hTGR5的选择性高。
示出制备本发明的TGR5活化用组合物时的配方例的一个例子,但本发明并不限定于这些。在配方例中,大豆皂醇例如可使用大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B的混合物、大豆皂醇A或大豆皂醇B等。作为大豆皂醇A及大豆皂醇B的混合物,例如可使用大豆皂醇A:大豆皂醇B的重量比为1:99~99:1的混合物。下述配方例为一个例子,例如代替下述蛋白质,也可使用其他蛋白质。关于下述肽、氨基酸等,也同样可使用其他肽、氨基酸等。
<配方例1>片剂
大豆皂醇 67g
葡萄糖胺 500g
鲨鱼软骨萃取物 167g
蔗糖脂肪酸酯 90g
氧化硅 90g
淀粉 87g
将这些混合,用单冲式压片机进行压片,制造直径9mm,重量300mg的片剂。
<配方例2>片剂
大豆皂醇 67g
支链氨基酸(BCAA) 333g
β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(HMB)钙 133g
蔗糖脂肪酸酯 90g
氧化硅 90g
淀粉 253g
维生素D 0.03g
蛋白多糖33g
将这些混合,用单冲式压片机进行压片,制造直径9mm,重量300mg的片剂。
<配方例3>颗粒剂
大豆皂醇 5g
大豆蛋白质 350g
乳蛋白质 350g
大豆肽 50g
乳肽 50g
槲皮素糖苷 5g
葡萄种子多酚 5g
糊精 154g
增粘剂 30g
三氯蔗糖 0.5g
香料 0.5g
将以上粉体均匀混合后,加入10%的羟丙基纤维素及乙醇溶液800mL,通过常法混合,挤出,干燥获得颗粒剂。
<配方例4>健康饮料
DL-酒石酸钠 0.10g
琥珀酸 0.01g
液糖 800.00g
柠檬酸 12.00g
维生素C 10.00g
大豆皂醇 0.50g
胶原蛋白 40.00g
环糊精 5.00g
乳化剂 5.00g
香料 15.00g
氯化钾 1.00g
硫酸镁 0.50g
调配以上成分,加入水制成一升。该健康饮料每次饮用100mL以上。
Claims (5)
1.一种TGR5活化用组合物,其特征在于,含有1种以上的大豆皂醇类作为有效成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的TGR5活化用组合物,其特征在于,1种以上的大豆皂醇类为大豆皂醇A及/或大豆皂醇B。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的TGR5活化用组合物,其特征在于,为饮食品、化妆料或医药部外品。
4.一种应用,其特征在于,将1种以上的大豆皂醇类用于活化TGR5。
5.一种活化TGR5的方法,其特征在于,投用1种以上的大豆皂醇类。
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SHUICHI KAMO等: "Group B Soyasaponin Aglycone Suppresses Body Weight Gain and Fat Levels in High Fat-Fed Mice", 《JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY》 * |
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