CN114543967A

CN114543967A - Railway bridge section track disease monitoring method and system based on combination of grating array and video monitoring

Info

Publication number: CN114543967A
Application number: CN202210042665.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李秋义; 罗伟; 林超; 孙立; 朱彬; 张政; 张世杰; 梅琴; 李路遥; 张泽
Original assignee: China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd; China Railway Construction Corp Ltd CRCC
Current assignee: China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd; China Railway Construction Corp Ltd CRCC
Priority date: 2022-01-14
Filing date: 2022-01-14
Publication date: 2022-05-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a railway bridge section track disease monitoring method and system based on grating array combined video monitoring, wherein the method comprises the following steps: arranging a fiber grating array optical cable on the track structure to collect track state monitoring data in real time, and transmitting the data to a background server through a fiber grating demodulator; a plurality of video cameras are installed at intervals along the whole track, and the video cameras send shot video monitoring data to a background server through video data receiving equipment; the background server judges whether the track state monitoring data acquired by each measuring point is abnormal or not, if the track state monitoring data acquired by a certain measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that a track structure has a disease in a region corresponding to the measuring point is indicated, then the video monitoring data of the region is called to be displayed, and the monitoring personnel are assisted to identify the specific type of the disease. The invention realizes real-time monitoring and type identification of the railway track structure disease condition, and visually reflects the disease type through video.

Description

Railway bridge section track disease monitoring method and system based on combination of grating array and video monitoring

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of track monitoring, and particularly relates to a method and a system for monitoring railway bridge section track diseases based on grating array combined video monitoring.

Background

In railway systems such as high-speed railways, intercity railways, urban rail transit and the like, a track is one of core technologies for ensuring the safe, stable and smooth operation of a high-speed train. Railway tracks have complex interlayer coupling relationship, various external environmental loads and complex mechanical behavior, the state evolution has timeliness and paroxysmal property, and once emergencies such as steel rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, bed plate (track plate) gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like occur, if the emergencies are difficult to deal with in time, the safe operation of trains can be directly influenced.

At present, the railway in China mainly adopts means such as mobile vehicle-mounted and manual inspection to detect the structural state of the track, and meanwhile, related departments adopt a traditional monitoring method aiming at local weak sections. Although the traditional monitoring method well grasps the relevant technical index parameters of the monitoring points, on one hand, most of the traditional monitoring means are point monitoring, railway lines have the strip-shaped characteristic and can last for hundreds of kilometers, and the traditional monitoring means cannot realize full-line full-time-domain uninterrupted monitoring; on the other hand, the traditional monitoring means can judge whether the track structure has diseases or not through field data, but cannot visually reflect the types of the diseases. Therefore, it is very necessary to provide a monitoring method based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring to realize the real-time monitoring and type identification of the railway track structure damage condition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention relates to a railway bridge section track disease monitoring method and system based on grating array combined video monitoring, which can at least solve part of defects in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention discloses a railway bridge section track disease monitoring method based on grating array combined video monitoring, which comprises the following steps:

arranging a fiber grating array optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating sensors on a track structure, wherein the fiber grating array optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track; the optical fiber grating array cable collects track state monitoring data in real time and transmits the collected track state monitoring data to the background server through the optical fiber grating demodulator;

a plurality of video cameras are arranged at intervals along the whole line of the track; the video camera shoots a track structure, shot video monitoring data are transmitted to the video data receiving equipment, and the video data receiving equipment receives and stores the video monitoring data and sends the video monitoring data to the background server;

the background server judges whether the track state monitoring data acquired by each measuring point is abnormal or not, if the track state monitoring data acquired by a certain measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that a track structure has a disease in a region corresponding to the measuring point is indicated, then the video monitoring data of the region is called to be displayed, and the monitoring personnel are assisted to identify the specific type of the disease.

As one embodiment, a fiber grating array vibration optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating vibration sensors is arranged on a track structure, and the fiber grating array vibration optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track; the fiber grating array vibration optical cable collects vibration data of the whole track at each train passing moment in real time and transmits the collected vibration data to the background server through the fiber grating vibration demodulator;

the background server judges whether the vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point is abnormal, if the vibration data acquired by a certain vibration measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that a track structure has a disease in a region corresponding to the vibration measuring point is indicated, and then the video monitoring data of the region is called to be displayed, so that a supervisor is assisted to identify the specific type of the disease.

As one embodiment, the method for judging whether each vibration measuring point is abnormal by the background server according to the vibration data of each time when the train passes includes: and for a certain vibration measuring point, the background server compares the vibration data of the current time acquired by the vibration measuring point with the vibration data of the historical time, and if the difference value exceeds a preset range, the vibration measuring point is judged to be abnormal.

In one embodiment, the vibration data of the historical time is vibration data of the previous time of the current time, or the average value of one or more times of vibration data of the previous time of the current time of the day, or the average value of all vibration data of a plurality of previous days.

As one embodiment, a vertical temperature measurement cable is arranged at each set vertical temperature measurement point in a track structure, the vertical temperature measurement cable is a fiber grating array optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating temperature measurement sensors, the track plate temperature, the mortar layer temperature and the base plate temperature at the current vertical temperature measurement point are obtained through the vertical temperature measurement cable, so that vertical temperature gradient data of the current vertical temperature measurement point are obtained through calculation, and the collected vertical temperature gradient data are transmitted to a background server through a fiber grating vibration demodulator;

the background server receives vertical temperature gradient data acquired by each set vertical temperature measuring point of the track structure, a vertical temperature gradient-time relation data set is established for each vertical temperature measuring point, whether the vertical temperature gradient data acquired by each vertical temperature measuring point is abnormal or not is judged according to comparison between the vertical temperature gradient at the current time and the vertical temperature gradient at the historical time, if the vertical temperature gradient data acquired by a certain vertical temperature measuring point are abnormal, the possibility that the track structure has a disease exists in a region corresponding to the vertical temperature measuring point is indicated, then video monitoring data of the region are called for displaying, and a supervisor is assisted in identifying the specific type of the disease.

As one embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable is arranged on the upper surface of a ballast bed or a track slab or a bridge and is fixed by grooving and shallow burying on the surface of the ballast bed or the track slab or the upper surface of the bridge; and a vibration measuring point is arranged between every two adjacent fastener nodes.

As one embodiment, 1 fiber grating demodulator is arranged in each station, and the fiber grating vibration demodulator is responsible for demodulating vibration monitoring data of the left and right set intervals of the station and sending the data to a background server for real-time processing and display.

As one embodiment, each station is provided with 1 video data receiving device, and the video data receiving device is responsible for receiving and storing video monitoring data of the left and right set intervals of the station and sending the video monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying.

The invention discloses a railway bridge section track disease monitoring system based on combination of a grating array and video monitoring, which comprises a background server, a fiber grating array optical cable and a plurality of video cameras, wherein the fiber grating array optical cable is integrated with a plurality of fiber grating sensors and is arranged on a track structure;

the fiber bragg grating array optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track; the fiber grating array optical cable is used for collecting track state monitoring data in real time and transmitting the collected track state monitoring data to the background server through the fiber grating demodulator;

the video camera is used for shooting a track structure and transmitting shot video monitoring data to the video data receiving equipment, and the video data receiving equipment receives and stores the video monitoring data and transmits the video monitoring data to the background server;

the background server is used for judging whether the track state monitoring data acquired by each measuring point is abnormal or not, if the track state monitoring data acquired by a certain measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that a track structure has a disease in a region corresponding to the measuring point is indicated, then the video monitoring data of the region is called to be displayed, and the monitoring personnel is assisted to identify the specific type of the disease.

As one embodiment, a fiber grating array vibration optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating vibration sensors is arranged on a track structure; the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track; the fiber grating array vibration optical cable is used for collecting vibration data of the whole track at each train passing moment in real time and transmitting the collected vibration data to the background server through the fiber grating vibration demodulator;

the background server is used for judging whether the vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point is abnormal, if the vibration data acquired by a certain vibration measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that a track structure has a disease in the area corresponding to the vibration measuring point is indicated, then the video monitoring data of the area is called to be displayed, and the specific type of the disease is identified by a supervisor.

As one embodiment, each station is provided with 1 video data receiving device, and the video data receiving device is used for receiving and storing video monitoring data of the left and right set intervals of the station and sending the video monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying.

The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

the invention mainly realizes real-time monitoring and type identification of diseases such as steel rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, bed plate (track plate) gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like of the all-line track structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of an optical cable on a slab ballastless track according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic layout view of a fiber grating array thermometric optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic layout view of a fiber grating array stress cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic layout view of a fiber grating array vibration cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a fiber grating temperature demodulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating installation of a video monitoring high-definition camera according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring railway bridge section track diseases based on grating array combined video monitoring provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" or "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring a railway bridge section track defect based on a grating array combined with video monitoring, including the following steps:

a plurality of video cameras are installed at intervals along the whole line of the track or the bridge; the video camera shoots a track structure, shot video monitoring data are transmitted to the video data receiving equipment, and the video data receiving equipment receives and stores the video monitoring data and sends the video monitoring data to the background server;

In the embodiment, a fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 integrated with a plurality of fiber grating vibration sensors is arranged on a track structure or a bridge, and the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 is continuously arranged along the whole track; the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 collects vibration data of the whole track at each train passing moment in real time and transmits the collected vibration data to the background server through the fiber grating demodulator 5;

according to vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point when a train passes by each time, the background server judges whether the vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point is abnormal, if the vibration data acquired by a certain vibration measuring point is abnormal, the situation that the track structure has a disease in the area corresponding to the vibration measuring point is possible, such as the situation that the track structure has a disease, such as rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, bed plate (track plate) gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like, can be indirectly reflected, then video monitoring data of the area is retrieved for display, and a supervisor is assisted in identifying the specific type of the disease.

And matching the corresponding video camera 6 with each vibration measuring point, so that each vibration measuring point is in the monitoring range of the video camera matched with the vibration measuring point.

As one embodiment, the background server can monitor whether the vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point is abnormal in real time, when a certain vibration measuring point is abnormal, a video camera matched with the vibration measuring point is searched, then the video monitoring data shot by the video camera is automatically called to be displayed, and alarm prompt is carried out.

As one implementation mode, a track building BIM model system is loaded in a background server, and model monitoring points of a BIM model correspond to field monitoring points one by one; the background server receives vibration data and the like of the fiber bragg grating demodulator and video monitoring data shot by the video camera and transmits the vibration data and the like and the video monitoring data to the BIM model system, and three-dimensional simulation and visual data integration analysis and display are achieved on the BIM model system.

As one embodiment, the method for judging whether each vibration measuring point is abnormal by the background server according to the vibration data of each time when the train passes includes: and for a certain vibration measuring point, the background server compares the vibration data of the current time acquired by the vibration measuring point with the vibration data of the historical time, and if the difference value exceeds a preset range (the set range is obtained according to actual conditions or experiments), the vibration measuring point is judged to be abnormal.

In one embodiment, the vibration data of the historical time is vibration data of the previous time of the current time, or the average value of one or more times of vibration data of the previous time of the current time of the day, or the average value of all vibration data of a plurality of previous days. Of course, the vibration data of the history time of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be selected according to actual situations.

In one embodiment, the vibration amplitude, frequency and the like of the same track bed (or track slab) measuring point and the measuring points on the upper surface of the bridge in a certain range in front of and behind the track bed plate are comprehensively analyzed, and the result of the comprehensive analysis of the time vibration data of each train passing through is compared with the time vibration data of the trains passing through a plurality of times before or all the trains passing through the time in a plurality of days before for statistics such as mean value, standard deviation and the like, so that the fault conditions of rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, track bed plate (track slab) gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like of the track structure can be indirectly reflected.

As one embodiment, the vibration acceleration at each vibration measurement point on the track slab 11 is obtained through the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable 4; and establishing a vibration acceleration-time relation data set for each vibration measuring point, and comparing the vibration acceleration at the current time with the vibration acceleration at the historical time to judge whether the mortar layer 12 of the track structure has a crack separation condition.

As one embodiment, the vibration acceleration of each vibration measurement point on the same track plate 11 is analyzed to obtain the fundamental frequency mode of the track plate 11, and a fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set of the track plate 11 is established, and according to the comparison between the fundamental frequency mode at the current time and the fundamental frequency mode at the historical time, whether the track structure has the condition of void of the mortar layer 12 is judged.

As one embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 is arranged on the upper surface of a track bed or a track slab or a bridge and is fixed by grooving and shallow burying on the surface of the track bed or the track slab or the upper surface of the bridge; and a vibration measuring point is arranged between every two adjacent fastener nodes.

As one embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 is provided with one vibration measuring point at intervals of 0.6-0.65 m.

As one embodiment, video cameras are installed at proper intervals along the longitudinal direction of the line according to parameters such as pixels and focal lengths of the cameras, and the distance between the video cameras is preferably 20-50 m.

As one embodiment, the video camera may be firmly mounted on the bow net pillar or other locations on the bridge that facilitate video monitoring and do not affect driving safety.

As one embodiment, 1 fiber grating demodulator is arranged in each station, and the fiber grating demodulator is responsible for demodulating vibration monitoring data of the left and right set intervals of the station and sending the vibration monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying.

Example two

The embodiment further optimizes the method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring provided by the first embodiment.

The method further comprises the following steps:

acquiring temperature information of a track structure through the fiber bragg grating array temperature measuring optical cable, wherein the temperature information of the track structure at least comprises temperature information of a track plate; the fiber grating temperature demodulator receives temperature information sent by the fiber grating array temperature measuring optical cable, demodulates the temperature information into a demodulation signal and sends the demodulation signal to the background processor; the background processor analyzes and obtains the temperature load of the track structure and judges whether the temperature load is in a normal range, if not, the video monitoring data of the corresponding area is called to be displayed, and the supervision personnel are assisted to identify the specific type of the disease.

As one embodiment, a vertical temperature measurement cable is arranged at each set vertical temperature measurement point in a track structure, the vertical temperature measurement cable is a fiber grating array optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating temperature measurement sensors, the track plate temperature, the mortar layer temperature and the base plate temperature at the current vertical temperature measurement point are obtained through the vertical temperature measurement cable, so that vertical temperature gradient data of the current vertical temperature measurement point are obtained through calculation, and the collected vertical temperature gradient data are transmitted to a background server through a fiber grating demodulator;

the background server receives vertical temperature gradient data collected by each set vertical temperature measuring point of the track structure, establishing a vertical temperature gradient-time relation data set for each vertical temperature measuring point, comparing the vertical temperature gradient of the current time with the vertical temperature gradient of the historical time, judging whether the vertical temperature gradient data acquired by each vertical temperature measuring point is abnormal, if the vertical temperature gradient data acquired by a certain vertical temperature measuring point is abnormal, the difference value between the vertical temperature gradient of the current time and the vertical temperature gradient of the historical time of the certain vertical temperature measuring point exceeds a set range (the set range is obtained according to actual conditions or experiments), then the possibility that the track structure has a disease exists in the area corresponding to the vertical temperature measuring point is indicated, and then calling video monitoring data of the area for display, and assisting a supervisor to identify the specific type of the disease.

As one embodiment, a vertical temperature gradient of a rail structure is monitored; and establishing a vertical temperature gradient-time relation data set for each vertical temperature measuring point 21, comparing the vertical temperature gradient of the current time with the vertical temperature gradient of the historical time, judging whether a gap separating condition occurs between the track plate 11 and the mortar layer 12, and analyzing the vertical upward arching deformation trend of the track plate 11.

As one embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned ballastless track structure interlayer disease monitoring means based on the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable 2, the accuracy of judging the interlayer disease of the track structure can be further improved by combining the above-mentioned monitoring means for the vertical temperature gradient of the track structure; and a track structure temperature gradient-interlayer disease relation data set can be established, the data set is perfected and corrected in the continuous monitoring process, and a reference and analysis basis is provided for the subsequent judgment operation of the background processor.

Specifically, when a gap occurs between the track slab 11 and the mortar layer 12, the presence of air in the gap may cause a change in the vertical temperature gradient of the track structure. Alternatively, when the vertical temperature gradient of the track structure changes abruptly or slowly, the vertical upward arching deformation tendency of the track slab 11 can be indirectly judged.

Preferably, a vertical temperature measurement cable is arranged at each vertical temperature measurement point 21, the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 is a fiber grating array optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating temperature measurement sensors, and the temperature of the track plate, the temperature of the mortar layer and the temperature of the base plate at the current vertical temperature measurement point 21 are obtained through the vertical temperature measurement cable 211, so that vertical temperature gradient data of the current vertical temperature measurement point 21 are obtained through calculation. As shown in fig. 3, the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is buried in the ballastless track structure, and at least one fiber bragg grating temperature measuring sensor is distributed in the track slab 11, the mortar layer 12 and the base plate 13. The vertical temperature gradient of the track structure at the corresponding measuring point is obtained through the vertical temperature measuring cable 211, and whether the vertical temperature load of the track structure is in a normal range or not is judged according to the vertical temperature gradient, so that a work department and the like can judge the health condition of the track structure and can further detect and maintain the ballastless track in time.

Preferably, a vertical temperature load can be applied to the finite element analysis model based on the finite element analysis model of the rail structure to calculate the theoretical stress condition of the rail structure.

Further preferably, there are a plurality of vertical temperature measuring cables 211, and accordingly, a plurality of vertical temperature measuring points 21 are formed in the ballastless track structure, so that the health conditions of the track structure at different positions can be accurately monitored. In one embodiment, at least part of the vertical temperature measuring points 21 are arranged in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the track, the vertical temperature measuring points 21 are arranged on the ballastless track at proper longitudinal intervals, the longitudinal temperature gradient of the track structure can be obtained according to temperature data fed back by each vertical temperature measuring point 21, whether the longitudinal temperature load of the track structure is in a normal range can be judged according to the longitudinal temperature gradient, and the accuracy of judging the interlayer diseases of the track structure can be further improved.

Furthermore, each vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is connected by a horizontal connecting cable to form a continuous fiber grating array temperature measuring optical cable. When the number of the vertical temperature measuring points 21 is enough, the horizontal connecting cable is only used for signal transmission without arranging a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring sensor; obviously, preferably, the fiber bragg grating temperature measurement sensor is also arranged in the horizontal connection cable, so that the temperature data of the track structure is richer, the judgment on the conditions such as the longitudinal temperature load of the track structure is more accurate and reliable, particularly, the longitudinal temperature information of the track plate 11 is more comprehensive, the health monitoring of the track plate 11 is facilitated, the monitoring on the diseases (generally accompanied with the interlayer diseases of the track structure) such as the vertical upward arching deformation of the track plate 11 is included, and the occurrence of the conditions such as missing detection and erroneous judgment can be reduced.

Based on the above structure, as shown in fig. 3, the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is a U-shaped cable with a top end located in the track plate 11 and a bottom end located in the base plate 13, and two end portions located in the track plate 11 are respectively connected with a horizontal connecting cable, so as to form a continuous fiber grating array temperature measuring cable in the track structure. Further preferably, as shown in fig. 3, each vertical line segment of the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 has at least one fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the track plate 11, the mortar layer 12 and the base plate 13, so that each vertical line segment can realize the vertical temperature monitoring of the track structure, and the temperature information obtained by two vertical line segments can be mutually proved, so as to improve the accuracy of the monitoring result, for example: at each vertical temperature measuring point 21, the monitoring data of each fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in the track slab 11 at the same moment can be obtained and averaged, the monitoring data in the mortar layer 12 and the monitoring data in the base plate 13 are processed in the same way, and the accuracy and the reliability of the monitoring result are obviously higher; if the monitoring data difference of different fiber bragg grating temperature sensors in the same structural plate is large, the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 can be marked, so that the industrial department can detect whether the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 has a fault in time, the fault self-detection of the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 is realized, and the working reliability is high. In this embodiment, each vertical line segment has a fiber grating temperature sensor in the track plate 11, the mortar layer 12 and the base plate 13.

In one embodiment, there are a plurality of vertical temperature measurement points 21, and the distance between two adjacent vertical temperature measurement points 21 is within the range of 5-10 m, and it is further preferable that one vertical temperature measurement point 21 is arranged every 6-7 m.

In one embodiment, the longitudinal length of the vertical temperature measurement point 21 (i.e., the distance between the two vertical line segments) is in the range of 700-800 mm. In the vertical temperature measurement cable 211, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the base plate 13 and the surface of the track plate is within the range of 220-350 mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the mortar layer 12 and the surface of the track plate is within the range of 190-220 mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the track plate 11 and the surface of the track plate is within the range of 80-150 mm. In alternative embodiments: (1) in the CRTSII type plate ballastless track subgrade section, the vertical length for measuring temperature is 800mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the track plate 11 and the surface of the track plate is 100mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the mortar layer 12 and the surface of the track plate is 215mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the base plate 13 and the surface of the track plate is 300 mm; (2) in the CRTSII slab ballastless track bridge section, the longitudinal length of a vertical temperature measuring point 21 is 700mm, the distance between a fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a track slab 11 and the surface of the track slab is 100mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a mortar layer 12 and the surface of the track slab is 215mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a base plate 13 and the surface of the track slab is 250 mm; (3) in the CRTSII slab ballastless track tunnel section, the longitudinal length of the vertical temperature measuring point 21 is 700mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the track slab 11 and the surface of the track slab is 100mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the mortar layer 12 and the surface of the track slab is 215mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the base plate 13 and the surface of the track slab is 250 mm.

For the arrangement of the vertical temperature measuring cable 211, it is preferable that, as shown in fig. 3, a grouting hole 212 is formed in the track plate 11 corresponding to the position of each vertical temperature measuring cable 211, and the grouting hole 212 extends into the base plate 13, and the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is embedded in the corresponding grouting hole 212 and the grouting hole 212 is grouted and sealed. The concrete poured into the grouting hole 212 is preferably high-strength and quick-setting concrete, so that the position accuracy of the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 in the grouting hole 212 is ensured, and the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 can be well protected.

Generally, the base plate 13, the mortar layer 12 and the track slab 11 are of a layered structure, for example, each layer is sequentially poured, the associativity, the integrity and the like among the layers will affect the health condition of the track structure, in this embodiment, by arranging a plurality of grouting holes 212 in the track structure, the integral concrete columns formed in the grouting holes 212 can effectively improve the structural integrity and the cooperative stress performance among the layers of the track structure besides meeting the layout requirement of the vertical temperature measurement cable 211, so that the occurrence rate of inter-layer diseases of the track structure can be correspondingly reduced, and the health condition and the service life of the track structure can be improved.

For the arrangement of the horizontal connection cable, it is preferable that a wiring groove 111 is opened on the track plate 11 to bury the horizontal connection cable, and the wiring groove 111 is filled with concrete. Similarly, the concrete poured in the raceway groove 111 is preferably high-strength, quick-setting concrete.

The wiring grooves 111 are obviously communicated with the adjacent grouting holes 212, further, concrete is poured in the wiring grooves 111 and the grouting holes 212 at the same time, at least concrete is poured in each grouting hole 212 and the two adjacent wiring grooves 111 at the same time, a T-shaped concrete structure is formed in the track structure, the structural integrity and the cooperative stress performance of all layers of the track structure are improved, meanwhile, the multidirectional constraint effect on the track plate 11 can be well achieved, and the operation reliability of the track structure is further improved.

Generally, a fiber grating temperature demodulator can be configured near a station or a track, the vertical temperature measurement cable 211/the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable are connected with the nearby fiber grating temperature demodulator, and the fiber grating temperature demodulator receives temperature information sent by the vertical temperature measurement cable 211/the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable, demodulates the temperature information into a demodulation signal and sends the demodulation signal to the background processor. The fiber grating temperature demodulator is the existing equipment; it may be electrically connected or communicatively connected to the background processor, as is conventional.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment of the invention discloses a railway bridge section track disease monitoring system based on combination of a grating array and video monitoring, which comprises a background server, a fiber grating array optical cable and a plurality of video cameras, wherein the fiber grating array optical cable is integrated with a plurality of fiber grating sensors and is arranged on a track structure;

the fiber grating array optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track or the bridge; the fiber grating array optical cable is used for collecting track state monitoring data in real time and transmitting the collected track state monitoring data to the background server through the fiber grating demodulator;

the video camera is used for shooting a track structure and transmitting shot video monitoring data to the video data receiving equipment, and the video data receiving equipment receives and stores the video monitoring data and sends the video monitoring data to the background server;

In the embodiment, the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber bragg grating vibration sensors is arranged on a track structure or a bridge; the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track or the bridge; the fiber grating array vibration optical cable is used for collecting vibration data of the whole track at each train passing moment in real time and transmitting the collected vibration data to the background server through the fiber grating demodulator;

according to the vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point when a train passes by each time, the background server is used for judging whether the vibration data acquired by each vibration measuring point is abnormal or not, if the vibration data acquired by a certain vibration measuring point is abnormal, the fact that the track structure of the area corresponding to the vibration measuring point is possibly damaged is shown, then the video monitoring data of the area is called to be displayed, and a supervisor is assisted to identify the specific type of the damage.

Acquiring vibration acceleration at each vibration measurement point on the track slab 11 through the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable 2; and establishing a vibration acceleration-time relation data set for each vibration measuring point, and comparing the vibration acceleration at the current time with the vibration acceleration at the historical time to judge whether the mortar layer 12 of the track structure has a crack separation condition.

Analyzing the vibration acceleration of each vibration measuring point on the same track plate 11 to obtain the fundamental frequency mode of the track plate 11, establishing a fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set of the track plate 11, and judging whether the track structure has a mortar layer 12 void condition or not according to the comparison between the fundamental frequency mode of the current time and the fundamental frequency mode of the historical time.

Obviously, the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 needs to be configured correspondingly, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2 is used for collecting vibration information of the track plate 11 and sending the vibration information to the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5, and the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 is used for receiving the vibration information sent by the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2, demodulating the vibration information into a demodulation signal and sending the demodulation signal to the background processor. The fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2 is a cable with a plurality of fiber grating vibration sensors integrated in a single optical cable, is an existing product, and has the characteristics of wide monitoring coverage range (capable of covering more than 10km according to needs), high measurement precision, small sensing unit interval (the minimum interval can be 1cm), and the like, and the specific structure is not repeated here. The fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 is also the existing equipment; it may be electrically connected or communicatively connected to the background processor, which is conventional. In view of the long overall length of the ballastless track, as shown in fig. 4, the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 is preferably provided in plurality, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the vibration data. Preferably, each fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 is configured to acquire monitoring information of two sections of vibration cables on front and rear sides of the fiber grating vibration demodulator; in one embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2 is continuously arranged along the whole line of the ballastless track, that is, two adjacent fiber grating vibration demodulators 5 are connected in series by a single cable, in the single series cable, a certain point is taken as a demarcation point, the fiber grating vibration sensor on the front side of the demarcation point sends monitoring information to the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 on the front side, and the fiber grating vibration sensor on the rear side of the demarcation point sends monitoring information to the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 on the rear side, which can be realized by setting the light emission direction of the fiber grating vibration sensor in the optical cable; in another embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2 adopts a split arrangement mode and comprises a plurality of vibration monitoring cable sections, the end parts of two adjacent vibration monitoring cable sections are abutted or the two adjacent vibration monitoring cable sections are partially overlapped, the effect of the overall-length covering arrangement of the ballastless track can be realized, the overall-line vibration monitoring of the ballastless track can be realized, in the scheme, two vibration monitoring cable sections can be arranged between two adjacent fiber grating vibration demodulators 5, and the two vibration monitoring cable sections are respectively connected with the two fiber grating vibration demodulators 5. Preferably, one fiber grating vibration demodulator 5 is arranged per station.

In the method, the background processor is used for acquiring a demodulation signal sent by the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5, analyzing, processing and storing the acquired information, establishing a vibration acceleration-time relation data set for each vibration measuring point, and judging whether a gap condition occurs in a mortar layer 12 of the track structure according to the vibration acceleration-time relation data set; and/or the background processor is used for acquiring a demodulation signal sent by the fiber grating vibration demodulator 5, analyzing the vibration acceleration of each vibration measuring point on the same track plate 11 to obtain the fundamental frequency mode of the track plate 11, establishing a fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set of the track plate 11, and judging whether the track structure has a mortar layer 12 void condition according to the fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set.

Further, the vibration amplitude, the frequency and the like of the measuring points of the same track plate 11 are comprehensively analyzed, the comprehensive analysis result of the vibration data of each time when the train passes through the time is compared with the average value, the standard deviation and other statistics and analysis of the historical vibration data of a plurality of previous trains at the time or all previous trains at a plurality of days at the time, and the disease conditions of rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, track plate gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like of the track structure can be indirectly reflected; when the vibration data of a certain measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that the track structure has the diseases exists in the area is indicated, and the specific types of the diseases can be discriminated by synchronously calling video monitoring data or performing field inspection and the like.

The number and distribution of the vibration measuring points can be set according to specific conditions. In one embodiment, a vibration measuring point is arranged between every two adjacent fastener nodes. Optionally, the distance between two longitudinally adjacent vibration measuring points is 0.5-0.8 m, for example, the same as the distance between adjacent fastener nodes. It is easy to understand that only one fiber grating vibration sensor is correspondingly arranged at each vibration measuring point.

As shown in fig. 2, for the arrangement of the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2, it is preferable that it is buried in the track plate 11, for example, a longitudinal wiring groove is opened on the surface of the track plate to bury the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2, and the longitudinal wiring groove is filled with concrete. The concrete poured in the longitudinal wiring groove is preferably high-strength and quick-setting concrete. In another embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 2 may be simultaneously laid when the track plate 11 is cast.

The fiber grating vibration demodulator is the existing equipment; it may be electrically connected or communicatively connected to the background processor, which is conventional. Considering that the length of the whole ballastless track is long, the fiber bragg grating vibration demodulator is preferably provided in plurality, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of vibration data. Preferably, each fiber grating vibration demodulator is used for acquiring monitoring information of two sections of vibration cables on the front side and the rear side of the fiber grating vibration demodulator; in one embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 is continuously arranged along the whole line of the ballastless track, that is, two adjacent fiber grating vibration demodulators are connected in series by a single cable, in the single series cable, a certain point is taken as a demarcation point, the fiber grating vibration sensor on the front side of the demarcation point sends monitoring information to the fiber grating vibration demodulator on the front side, the fiber grating vibration sensor on the rear side of the demarcation point sends monitoring information to the fiber grating vibration demodulator on the rear side, and the monitoring information can be realized by setting the light emission direction of the fiber grating vibration sensor in the optical cable; in another embodiment, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 adopts a split arrangement mode, and includes a plurality of vibration monitoring cable sections, the end parts of two adjacent vibration monitoring cable sections are offset or the two adjacent vibration monitoring cable sections are partially overlapped, so that the effect of the overall-length covering arrangement of the ballastless track can be realized, and the overall-line vibration monitoring of the ballastless track can be realized.

As one embodiment, each station is provided with 1 video data receiving device, and the video data receiving device is used for receiving and storing video monitoring data of a left set interval and a right set interval of the station, and sending the video monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying.

Based on the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable 4, acquiring vibration acceleration at each vibration measurement point on the track slab 11 through the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable 4;

and establishing a vibration acceleration-time relation data set for each vibration measuring point, comparing the vibration acceleration at the current time with the vibration acceleration at the historical time, and judging whether the mortar layer of the track structure has a gap separating condition.

Analyzing the vibration acceleration of each vibration measuring point on the same track plate 11 to obtain the fundamental frequency mode of the track plate 11, establishing a fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set of the track plate 11, and comparing the fundamental frequency mode at the current time with the fundamental frequency mode at the historical time to judge whether the track structure has a mortar layer void condition.

That is to say, the background processor is used for acquiring a demodulation signal sent by the fiber grating vibration demodulator, establishing a vibration acceleration-time relation data set for each vibration measuring point, and judging whether a gap condition occurs in a mortar layer of the track structure according to the vibration acceleration-time relation data set; and/or the background processor is used for acquiring a demodulation signal sent by the fiber grating vibration demodulator, analyzing the vibration acceleration of each vibration measuring point on the same track plate 11 to obtain the fundamental frequency mode of the track plate 11, establishing a fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set of the track plate 11, and judging whether the track structure has a mortar layer void condition according to the fundamental frequency mode-time relation data set. Further, the vibration amplitude, the frequency and the like of the measuring points of the same track plate 11 are comprehensively analyzed, the comprehensive analysis result of the vibration data of each time when the train passes through the time is compared with the average value, the standard deviation and other statistics and analysis of the historical vibration data of a plurality of previous trains at the time or all previous trains at a plurality of days at the time, and the disease conditions of rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, track bed plate (track plate 11) gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like of the track structure can be indirectly reflected; when the vibration data of a certain measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that the track structure has the diseases exists in the area is indicated, and the specific types of the diseases can be discriminated by synchronously calling video monitoring data or performing field inspection and the like.

Particularly, the accuracy of judging the interlayer diseases of the track structure can be further improved by combining the mode of monitoring the vertical temperature gradient and the longitudinal temperature gradient of the track structure through the fiber bragg grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2; and a track structure temperature gradient-interlayer disease relation data set can be established, the data set is perfected and corrected in the continuous monitoring process, and a reference and analysis basis is provided for the subsequent judgment operation of the background processor.

As shown in fig. 4, for the arrangement of the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4, it is preferable that it is buried in the track plate 11, for example, a longitudinal wiring groove is opened on the surface of the track plate to bury the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4, and the longitudinal wiring groove is filled with concrete. The concrete poured in the longitudinal wiring groove is preferably high-strength and quick-setting concrete. In another scheme, the fiber grating array vibration optical cable 4 can also be laid simultaneously when the track plate 11 is poured.

The invention adopts the fiber grating array displacement and vibration optical cable and the high-definition camera. The grating array sensing optical cable has the characteristics of wide monitoring coverage range (more than or equal to 10km), high measuring precision (0.1 ℃) and small sensing unit distance (the minimum distance can be 1cm), real-time monitoring of diseases such as steel rail fracture, fastener failure, sleeper empty suspension, track bed plate (track plate) gap, vibration isolation element failure and the like of the whole track structure can be realized by arranging the optical cable on the whole track structure of a railway or a bridge and separating the vibration sensing elements by 1 fastener node distance, and the disease types can be identified by video monitoring, so that a service department can be guided to carry out maintenance, maintenance and inspection in a targeted manner.

Example four

The third embodiment further optimizes the system for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring.

The system also comprises a fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 integrated with a plurality of fiber grating temperature measurement sensors and a fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 connected with the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2, wherein the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 is arranged along the whole length of the ballastless track in a covering manner and is used for at least collecting the temperature information of the track plate 11 and sending the temperature information to the fiber grating temperature demodulator 5; the fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 is used for receiving the temperature information sent by the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2, demodulating the temperature information into a demodulation signal and sending the demodulation signal to the background processor.

Acquiring temperature information of a track structure through the fiber bragg grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2, wherein the temperature information of the track structure at least comprises temperature information of a track plate 11; the fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 receives the temperature information sent by the fiber grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2, demodulates the temperature information into a demodulation signal and sends the demodulation signal to the background processor; the background processor analyzes and obtains the temperature load of the track structure and judges whether the temperature load is in a normal range, if not, the background processor calls the video monitoring data of the area to display, and the supervision personnel are assisted to identify the specific type of the disease. The track slab 11 adopts a cast-in-place construction mode, the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 is synchronously arranged when the track slab 11 is cast in place, and the temperature state in the track slab forming process is monitored through the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 so as to guide constructors to carry out corresponding maintenance operation on track slab concrete, and the construction quality of the track slab 11 is improved. The fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 can be configured at a corresponding position according to the construction progress of the track slab 11 and connected with the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 so as to realize real-time monitoring and data processing.

The fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 is a cable with a plurality of fiber grating temperature measurement sensors integrated in a single optical cable, is an existing product, and has the characteristics of wide monitoring coverage range (capable of covering more than 10km according to needs), high measurement precision, small sensing unit interval (the minimum interval can be 1cm), and the like, and the specific structure is not repeated here.

The fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 is also an existing device; it may be electrically connected or communicatively connected to the background processor, which is conventional. As shown in fig. 5, in consideration of the long overall length of the ballastless track, the fiber bragg grating temperature demodulator 5 is preferably provided in plurality, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of temperature measurement data. Preferably, each fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 is configured to acquire monitoring information of two sections of temperature measuring cables on the front and rear sides of the fiber grating temperature demodulator; in one embodiment, the fiber grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2 is continuously arranged along the whole line of the ballastless track, that is, two adjacent fiber grating temperature demodulators 5 are connected in series by a single cable, in the single series cable, a certain point is taken as a boundary point, the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor on the front side of the boundary point sends monitoring information to the fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 on the front side, and the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor on the rear side of the boundary point sends monitoring information to the fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 on the rear side, which can be realized by setting the light emitting direction of the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in the optical cable; in another embodiment, the fiber bragg grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2 adopts a split arrangement mode and comprises a plurality of temperature measuring cable sections, the end parts of two adjacent temperature measuring cable sections are abutted or the two adjacent temperature measuring cable sections are partially overlapped, the effect of the overall-length covering arrangement of the ballastless track can be realized, and the overall-line temperature monitoring of the ballastless track can be realized, in the scheme, two temperature measuring cable sections can be arranged between two adjacent fiber bragg grating temperature demodulators 5, and the two temperature measuring cable sections are respectively connected with the two fiber bragg grating temperature measuring demodulators 5. Preferably, a fiber grating temperature demodulator 5 is arranged at each station.

The temperature field monitoring system is further optimized, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 includes at least one vertical temperature measurement cable 211 and a plurality of longitudinal temperature measurement cables, the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 is a U-shaped cable with a top end located in the track plate 11 and a bottom end located in the base plate 13, each longitudinal temperature measurement cable is embedded in the track plate 11 and connected with the top end of the adjacent vertical temperature measurement cable 211, and the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 is provided with at least one fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the track plate 11, the mortar layer plate 12 and the base plate 13. Generally, the vertical thermometric cable 211 comprises two vertical segments and a horizontal segment, wherein two ends of the horizontal segment are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two vertical segments, and obviously, the vertical thermometric cable 211 is an integral continuous cable; in this embodiment, the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is used for monitoring the vertical temperature of the track structure, preferably, no fiber grating temperature measuring sensor is arranged in the horizontal line segment, and the horizontal line segment can be set to have a smaller length, that is, a smaller distance is adopted between two vertical line segments.

The vertical temperature measurement cable 211 can acquire the temperatures of the track plate 11, the mortar layer plate 12 and the base plate 13 at the corresponding measurement points, so that the vertical temperature gradient of the track structure is obtained, and whether the vertical temperature load of the track structure is in a normal range is judged according to the vertical temperature gradient, so that a work department and the like can timely perform further detection and maintenance on the ballastless track. Preferably, a vertical temperature load can be applied to the finite element analysis model based on the finite element analysis model of the rail structure to calculate the theoretical stress condition of the rail structure.

Further preferably, as shown in fig. 2, each vertical line segment of the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is provided with at least one fiber bragg grating temperature measuring sensor in the track plate 11, the mortar layer plate 12 and the base plate 13, so that each vertical line segment can realize vertical temperature monitoring of the track structure, and the temperature information obtained by the two vertical line segments can be mutually proved, so that the accuracy of the monitoring result can be improved, for example: at each vertical temperature measuring point 21, the monitoring data of each fiber bragg grating temperature sensor in the track slab 11 at the same moment can be obtained and averaged, the monitoring data in the mortar layer slab 12 and the base plate 13 are processed in the same way, and the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring result are obviously higher; if the difference of the monitoring data of different fiber bragg grating temperature sensors in the same structural plate is large, the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 can be marked, so that the industrial department can conveniently and timely detect whether the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 has faults or not, namely, the fault self-detection of the vertical temperature measurement cable 211 is realized, and the working reliability is high. In this embodiment, each vertical line segment has a fiber grating temperature sensor in the track plate 11, the mortar layer plate 12 and the base plate 13.

In one embodiment, there are a plurality of vertical temperature measurement cables 211, and the distance between two adjacent vertical temperature measurement cables 211 is within the range of 5-10 m, and it is further preferable that one vertical temperature measurement point 21 is arranged every 6-7 m.

In one embodiment, the longitudinal length of the vertical temperature measuring point 21 (i.e., the distance between the two vertical line segments) is in the range of 700-800 mm. In the vertical temperature measurement cable 211, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the base plate 13 and the surface of the track plate is in the range of 220-350 mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the mortar layer plate 12 and the surface of the track plate is in the range of 190-220 mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measurement sensor in the track plate 11 and the surface of the track plate is in the range of 80-150 mm. In alternative embodiments: (1) in the roadbed section of the CRTSII type plate ballastless track, the longitudinal length of a vertical temperature measuring point 21 is 800mm, the distance between a fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a track plate 11 and the surface of the track plate is 100mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a mortar laminate 12 and the surface of the track plate is 215mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a base plate 13 and the surface of the track plate is 300 mm; (2) in the CRTSII slab ballastless track bridge section, the longitudinal length of a vertical temperature measuring point 21 is 700mm, the distance between a fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a track slab 11 and the surface of the track slab is 100mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a mortar laminate 12 and the surface of the track slab is 215mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a base plate 13 and the surface of the track slab is 250 mm; (3) in the CRTSII type slab ballastless track tunnel section, the longitudinal length of a vertical temperature measuring point 21 is 700mm, the distance between a fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a track slab 11 and the surface of the track slab is 100mm, the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a mortar laminate 12 and the surface of the track slab is 215mm, and the distance between the fiber grating temperature measuring sensor in a base plate 13 and the surface of the track slab is 250 mm.

For the arrangement of the vertical temperature measuring cables 211, it is preferable that, corresponding to the position of each vertical temperature measuring cable 211, a grouting hole 212 is formed in the track plate 11 and the grouting hole 212 extends into the base plate 13, and the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 is embedded in the corresponding grouting hole 212 and the grouting hole 212 is grouted and sealed. The concrete poured into the grouting hole 212 is preferably high-strength and quick-setting concrete, so that the position accuracy of the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 in the grouting hole 212 is ensured, and the vertical temperature measuring cable 211 can be well protected.

Vertical temperature measuring points 21 are arranged on the ballastless track at proper intervals, the longitudinal temperature gradient of the track structure can be obtained according to temperature data fed back by the vertical temperature measuring points 21, and whether the longitudinal temperature load of the track structure is in a normal range can be judged according to the longitudinal temperature gradient, so that a work department and the like can further detect and maintain the ballastless track in time. When the number of the vertical temperature measuring points 21 is enough, the longitudinal temperature measuring cable is only used for signal transmission without arranging a fiber bragg grating temperature measuring sensor; obviously, preferably, the fiber bragg grating temperature measurement sensor is also arranged in the longitudinal temperature measurement cable, so that longitudinal temperature gradient data of the track structure is richer, the judgment on the longitudinal temperature load condition of the track structure is more accurate and reliable, particularly, the longitudinal temperature information of the track plate 11 is more comprehensive, the health monitoring of the track plate 11 is facilitated, diseases such as vertical upwarp deformation of the track plate 11 are monitored, and the occurrence of conditions such as missing detection and misjudgment can be reduced.

For the arrangement of the longitudinal temperature measuring cable, it is preferable that a longitudinal monitoring groove is formed in the track slab 11 to bury the longitudinal temperature measuring cable, and the longitudinal monitoring groove is filled with concrete. Likewise, the concrete poured in the longitudinal monitoring groove is preferably high-strength and quick-setting concrete.

Generally, the base plate 13, the mortar layer plate 12 and the track plate 11 are of a layered structure, for example, each layer is sequentially poured, the binding property, the integrity and the like among the layers will affect the health condition of the track structure, and the inter-layer diseases are also one of the main diseases of the track structure.

The longitudinal monitoring grooves are obviously communicated with the adjacent grouting holes 212, further, concrete is poured in the longitudinal monitoring grooves and the grouting holes 212 at the same time, at least concrete is poured in each grouting hole 212 and two adjacent longitudinal monitoring grooves at the same time, a T-shaped concrete structure is formed in the track structure, the structural integrity and the cooperative stress performance of all layers of the track structure are improved, meanwhile, the effect of multidirectional constraint on the track plate 11 can be well achieved, and the operation reliability of the track structure is further improved.

If necessary, the base plate 13 and the mortar layer plate 12 can be provided with the consolidation reinforcing steel bars which protrude into the grouting holes 212, and the track plate 11 can be provided with the consolidation reinforcing steel bars which protrude into the grouting holes 212 and the longitudinal monitoring grooves, so that the binding property between post-cast concrete (i.e. concrete in the grouting holes 212 and the longitudinal monitoring grooves) and the prior track structure can be further improved.

In another preferred embodiment, for the cast-in-place track slab 11, the fiber grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2 is laid simultaneously when the track slab 11 is cast in place, wherein the cable (including the longitudinal temperature measuring cable) for collecting the track slab temperature information is consolidated by the track slab concrete. Vertical wiring holes are formed in the base plate 13 and the mortar layer plate 12 which are poured in advance to lay the vertical temperature measuring cables 211, and when the track plate 11 is poured, concrete enters the vertical wiring holes at the same time to fix the fiber bragg grating temperature measuring optical cable 2; in the scheme, the structural integrity and the cooperative stress among the track plate 11, the base plate 13 and the mortar layer plate 12 are better. Further preferably, when the track slab 11 is cast in place, the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2 is further used for collecting the temperature state in the track slab forming process, and according to the feedback information of the fiber grating array temperature measurement optical cable 2, a constructor can take appropriate maintenance measures on the track slab concrete conveniently, so that the construction quality of the track slab 11 is improved.

Preferably, the fiber grating array temperature measuring optical cable 2 is arranged in the middle of the track, namely, between two rows of tracks.

EXAMPLE five

The fourth embodiment further optimizes the system for monitoring the railway bridge section track defects based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring.

The railway bridge section track disease monitoring system based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring further comprises a track plate buckling deformation monitoring module, wherein the track plate buckling deformation monitoring module comprises at least one group of monitoring units and a fiber grating stress demodulator, the monitoring units are arranged on a track plate 11, the monitoring units comprise two fiber grating array stress optical cables 31 integrated with a plurality of fiber grating stress sensors, the two stress optical cables 31 in the same group are longitudinally arranged along the track and are arranged at each buckling deformation monitoring point in a high-low mode, and the two stress optical cables 31 are arranged between the two buckling deformation monitoring points which are longitudinally adjacent in an X-shaped cross mode; the fiber bragg grating stress demodulator is used for receiving the stress information sent by the stress optical cable 31, demodulating the stress information into a demodulation signal and sending the demodulation signal to the background processor.

The fiber grating array stress optical cable 31 is a cable with a plurality of fiber grating stress sensors integrated in a single optical cable, is an existing product, and has the characteristics of wide monitoring coverage range (covering more than 10km as required), high measurement precision, small sensing unit interval (the minimum interval can be 1cm), and the like, and the specific structure is not described herein again. The fiber bragg grating stress demodulator is also the existing equipment; it may be electrically connected or communicatively connected to the background processor, which is conventional. Considering that the whole line length of the ballastless track is long, the fiber bragg grating stress demodulator is preferably provided in plurality, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of stress data.

Preferably, each stress optical cable 31 is continuously arranged along the whole length of the track slab 11, so that the whole-line monitoring of the buckling deformation of the ballastless track slab is realized, and the monitoring result is more accurate and reliable. The number of the monitoring units can be set according to actual conditions, a group of monitoring units can be adopted to better complete reliable monitoring of the warp deformation of the track plate, and two or more groups of monitoring units can be adopted to further improve the accuracy of monitoring results. In one embodiment, the monitoring unit is arranged outside the rail, as shown in fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 3, it can be understood that there are two fiber grating stress sensors at each warp deformation monitoring point, the two fiber grating stress sensors belong to two fiber grating array stress optical cables 31, and one of the fiber grating stress sensors is located above the other fiber grating stress sensor, that is, the requirement that the two stress optical cables 31 in the same group are arranged in a high-low manner at each warp deformation monitoring point is met.

One of the fiber grating array stress cables 31 is defined as a first stress cable 311, and the other fiber grating array stress cable 31 is defined as a second stress cable 312. As shown in fig. 3, each stress optical cable 31 has a fiber grating stress sensor at two longitudinally adjacent buckling deformation monitoring points, wherein one fiber grating stress sensor is located at a high point at one of the buckling deformation monitoring points, and the other fiber grating stress sensor is located at a low point at the other buckling deformation monitoring point, so that the stress optical cable 31 is obliquely arranged between the two longitudinally adjacent buckling deformation monitoring points; thus, in two adjacent buckling deformation monitoring points in the longitudinal direction, at the first buckling deformation monitoring point, the stress sensor of the first stress optical cable 311 is located right above the stress sensor of the second stress optical cable 312, at the second buckling deformation monitoring point, the stress sensor of the second stress optical cable 312 is located right above the stress sensor of the first stress optical cable 311, and the first stress optical cable 311 and the second stress optical cable 312 are arranged in an X-shaped crossing manner between the two adjacent buckling deformation monitoring points in the longitudinal direction.

In the embodiment, the two fiber bragg grating array stress optical cables 31 are arranged in a crossed manner, when the warp deformation monitoring point generates vertical warp deformation, the two stress optical cables 31 generate a differential effect, the warp deformation condition can be responded rapidly and intuitively, and the vertical warp deformation of the track slab can be monitored rapidly and accurately. The optical cable arrangement mode can eliminate longitudinal displacement changes of the track slab caused by external load effects such as temperature and the like, and improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring vertical warping deformation of the track slab.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, each stress optical cable 31 is disposed on the surface of the track slab, so that the buckling deformation of the track slab 11 can be quickly and accurately reflected, and the stress optical cables 31 are convenient to arrange, replace and maintain. Further preferably, the monitoring unit further comprises a protective cover 32, the protective cover 32 is covered on the surface of the track slab and covers the two corresponding stress optical cables 31, so that the stress optical cables 31 can be well protected; in one embodiment, the strain cable 31 is secured within a boot 32, and the boot 32 is secured to the surface of the track plate (e.g., by fasteners such as expansion screws). It is further preferable that the top end of the stress optical cable 31 does not exceed the height of the rail surface of the steel rail, so as to avoid interference with train operation.

The number and distribution of the buckling deformation monitoring points can be set according to specific conditions. In one embodiment, the track slab 11 includes a plurality of segment slabs sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction of the track, a buckling deformation monitoring point may be respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each segment slab, or the distance between two adjacent buckling deformation monitoring points is the length of one segment slab; optionally, the distance between two adjacent buckling deformation monitoring points is 5-7 m.

Based on the track plate warp deformation monitoring module, the following track plate warp deformation monitoring method is specifically adopted:

when the buckling deformation monitoring point is buckled and deformed, the two stress optical cables 31 in the same group generate a differential effect, and a monitoring deformation is obtained based on the differential effect;

and eliminating error deformation on the basis of the monitored deformation to judge the vertical buckling deformation condition of the track slab 11, wherein the error deformation comprises error deformation of the track slab 11 caused by temperature influence and error deformation caused by deformation in other directions.

The analysis server analyzes whether the track state monitoring data of each monitoring point is abnormal or not after receiving the track state monitoring data such as vibration, temperature or stress, and if the monitoring data of a certain monitoring point is abnormal, the analysis server calls the video monitoring data shot by the camera corresponding to the abnormal monitoring point to display, assists a supervisor to identify the specific type of the disease, and the like, and visually reflects the type of the disease through the video.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A railway bridge section track disease monitoring method based on combination of a grating array and video monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:

arranging a fiber grating array vibration optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating vibration sensors on a track structure, wherein the fiber grating array vibration optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole track; the fiber grating array vibration optical cable collects vibration data of the whole track at each train passing moment in real time and transmits the collected vibration data to the background server through the fiber grating vibration demodulator;

3. The method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: according to the vibration data of each time when the train passes, the background server judges whether each vibration measuring point is abnormal, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and for a certain vibration measuring point, the background server compares the vibration data of the current time acquired by the vibration measuring point with the vibration data of the historical time, and if the difference value exceeds a preset range, the abnormal vibration measuring point is judged.

4. The method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the vibration data of the historical time is the vibration data of the previous time of the current time, or the average value of the vibration data of one or more times of the previous time of the current time of the day, or the average value of all the vibration data of a plurality of previous days.

5. The method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: arranging a vertical temperature measuring cable at each set vertical temperature measuring point in the track structure, wherein the vertical temperature measuring cable is a fiber grating array optical cable integrated with a plurality of fiber grating temperature measuring sensors, and acquiring the track plate temperature, the mortar layer temperature and the base plate temperature at the current vertical temperature measuring point through the vertical temperature measuring cable, so as to calculate and obtain vertical temperature gradient data of the current vertical temperature measuring point, and transmitting the acquired vertical temperature gradient data to a background server through a fiber grating vibration demodulator;

the background server receives vertical temperature gradient data acquired by each set vertical temperature measuring point of the track structure, a vertical temperature gradient-time relation data set is established for each vertical temperature measuring point, whether the vertical temperature gradient data acquired by each vertical temperature measuring point is abnormal or not is judged according to the comparison between the vertical temperature gradient at the current time and the vertical temperature gradient at the historical time, if the vertical temperature gradient data acquired by a certain vertical temperature measuring point is abnormal, the possibility that the track structure has a disease in the area corresponding to the vertical temperature measuring point is indicated, then video monitoring data of the area is called for displaying, and a supervisor is assisted to identify the specific type of the disease.

6. The method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable is arranged on the upper surface of the ballast bed or the track slab or the bridge and is fixed in a shallow burying mode by slotting on the surface of the ballast bed or the track slab or the upper surface of the bridge; and a vibration measuring point is arranged between every two adjacent fastener nodes.

7. The method for monitoring the railway bridge section track diseases based on the combination of the grating array and the video monitoring as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: each station is provided with 1 fiber bragg grating demodulator, and the fiber bragg grating vibration demodulator is responsible for demodulating vibration monitoring data of a left set interval and a right set interval of the station and sending the vibration monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying;

each station is provided with 1 video data receiving device, and the video data receiving device is responsible for receiving and storing video monitoring data of a left set interval and a right set interval of the station and sending the video monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying.

8. The utility model provides a railway bridge district track disease monitoring system based on grating array combines video monitoring which characterized in that: the system comprises a background server, a fiber grating array optical cable which is arranged on a track structure and is integrated with a plurality of fiber grating sensors, and a plurality of video cameras which are arranged at intervals along the whole line of the track;

9. The railway bridge section track disease monitoring system based on combination of grating array and video monitoring of claim 8, wherein: the optical fiber grating array vibration optical cable integrated with a plurality of optical fiber grating vibration sensors is arranged on the track structure; the fiber bragg grating array vibration optical cable is continuously arranged along the whole line of the track; the fiber grating array vibration optical cable is used for collecting vibration data of the whole track at each train passing moment in real time and transmitting the collected vibration data to the background server through the fiber grating vibration demodulator;

10. The railway bridge section track disease monitoring system based on combination of grating array and video monitoring of claim 8, wherein: each station is provided with 1 fiber bragg grating demodulator, and the fiber bragg grating vibration demodulator is responsible for demodulating vibration monitoring data of a left set interval and a right set interval of the station and sending the vibration monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying;

each station is provided with 1 video data receiving device, and the video data receiving device is used for receiving and storing video monitoring data of a left set interval and a right set interval of the station and sending the video monitoring data to a background server for real-time processing and displaying.