CN206034214U - Control system and railway switch detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of railway turnout detection, in particular to a control system and a railway turnout detection device. The control system includes a control unit, a traveling unit, and an acquisition unit and an alarm unit arranged on the traveling unit; the acquisition unit is connected with the traveling unit and the control unit, and is used to collect positioning data of the traveling unit during the movement of the traveling unit and send the positioning data It is transmitted to the control unit, and is also used to collect the 3D point cloud data of the object to be measured, and transmits the 3D point cloud data to the control unit; the control unit is used to extract control instructions according to the 3D point cloud data and positioning data, and transmit the control instructions sent to the alarm unit; the alarm unit is used to receive the control instruction from the control unit, and output an alarm signal according to the control instruction to prompt that the object under test fails. The technical scheme provided by the utility model has faster operation speed and high work efficiency.

Description

Control system and railway turnout detection device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of railway turnout detection, in particular to a control system and a railway turnout detection device.

Background technique

A turnout is a line connecting device that allows a train to switch from one track to another. Usually there are a lot of laying in stations and marshalling yards. There are many types of turnouts and complex structures. High-speed turnouts are characterized by high safety, high ride comfort, high stability and high allowable passing speed to ensure smooth and comfortable operation of trains. Therefore, high-speed turnouts are all single-opening turnouts above No. 18, and movable center rails Fork, suitable for inter-interval seamless lines.

The common diseases of turnouts include the problem of the lower value of the switch rail. The maintenance and repair should pay attention to whether the point rail of the basic rail is tightly attached, whether the switch rail is crawling, and whether the bolts of each part are loose.

However, the detection method of the turnout in the prior art is manual detection, and the tools used are feeler gauge, steel ruler or vernier caliper and so on. The disadvantages of manual detection are: slow detection speed and inaccurate detection results.

Therefore, how to increase the speed of railway turnout detection and how to improve the accuracy of detection results has become a technical problem to be solved urgently.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a control system and a railway turnout detection device. In order to alleviate the technical problems of slow detection speed and inaccurate detection results existing in the detection of railway turnouts in the prior art.

The utility model discloses a control system, which comprises a control unit, a travel unit, a collection unit and an alarm unit arranged on the travel unit;

The collection unit is connected with the travel unit and the control unit, and is used to collect the positioning data of the travel unit during the movement of the travel unit and transmit the positioning data to the control unit, and is also used to collect Three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured, and transmitting the three-dimensional point cloud data to the control unit;

The control unit is configured to extract a control instruction according to the 3D point cloud data and the positioning data, and send the control instruction to the alarm unit;

The alarm unit is configured to receive a control instruction from the control unit, and output an alarm signal according to the control instruction to prompt that the object under test fails.

Further, the control unit is used for:

Obtain the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the target group;

According to the 3D point cloud data of the target group, judge the elevation of the 3D point cloud relative to the orbit, and according to the standard elevation of the target group, determine the target group when the elevation of the 3D point cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group;

Identify the fasteners in the 3D point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target;

After determining that the fastener is obtained, the current sleeper number is calculated according to the positioning data, the distance between the front and rear sleepers, and the previous sleeper number, and the standard three-dimensional point cloud data of the remaining components are extracted according to the current sleeper number;

Obtain the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the remaining components, use the model calculation method to determine the remaining components, and compare the 3D point cloud data of the remaining components with the standard 3D point cloud data, when the 3D point cloud data of the remaining components When the cloud data does not match the standard 3D point cloud data, a control command is issued.

Furthermore, the target group includes at least fasteners, sliding bed platforms, top irons, basic rails, movable core rails, point rails, bolts, movable core rails, and point rails.

Furthermore, the acquisition unit includes a laser sensor, and the laser sensor is used to acquire the three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured.

Furthermore, the acquisition unit further includes an encoder for acquiring the positioning data of the traveling unit, and transmitting the positioning data to the laser sensor, so as to trigger the laser sensor.

Furthermore, multiple laser sensors are arranged in parallel, and multiple laser sensors are connected to the control unit through a switch.

Furthermore, the laser sensor is any one of a line structure laser sensor, a binocular vision camera or a laser radar.

Furthermore, the acquisition unit further includes a laser controller electrically connected to the laser sensors, configured to send positioning data to multiple laser sensors to trigger multiple laser sensors synchronously, and to send positioning data to multiple laser sensors. The laser sensor is powered.

The utility model also discloses a railway turnout detection device adopting the above-mentioned control system,

The traveling unit includes a vehicle body, a push rod foldably installed in the middle of the vehicle body, and a detection box detachably connected to the vehicle body, the laser sensor is arranged in the detection box, and the The encoder is arranged on the vehicle body.

Furthermore, a power supply device is provided on the traveling unit, and the power supply device is used to supply power to the laser sensor, the encoder, the control unit and the alarm unit.

Combining the above technical solutions:

The utility model discloses a control system, which comprises a control unit, and further includes: a travel unit, a collection unit and an alarm unit arranged on the travel unit; the collection unit is connected with the travel unit and the control unit , for collecting positioning data of the traveling unit during the movement of the traveling unit and transmitting the positioning data to the control unit, and for collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured, and transferring the three-dimensional point cloud The data is transmitted to the control unit; the alarm unit is configured to receive a control instruction from the control unit, and output an alarm signal according to the control instruction to prompt that the object under test fails. Due to the inclusion of the above control unit, the detection speed is fast and the detection result is more accurate.

The detection method of the railway turnout detection device provided by the utility model is described as follows: the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target group is obtained by the line structure laser sensor, and the elevation of the three-dimensional point cloud relative to the track is judged. Determine the target group when the elevation of the cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group; identify the fasteners in the three-dimensional point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target object; after determining the fasteners, according to the positioning Data, the distance between the front and back sleepers and the number of the previous sleeper calculate the current sleeper number, and extract the standard 3D point cloud data of the remaining components according to the current sleeper number; the line structure laser sensor obtains the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the remaining components, and uses the model The solution method determines the target object, and when the 3D point cloud data of each component does not match the standard 3D point cloud data, it is determined that a fault has occurred, the control unit sends a control command to the alarm unit, and the alarm unit sends out an alarm after receiving the control command. Alarm. The operation speed is fast and the work efficiency is high.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the specific implementation or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following descriptions The accompanying drawings are some implementations of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative work.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the control system provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a railway switch detection device provided in Embodiment 5.

Reference signs:

1-travel unit; 2-control unit; 11-car body;

12 - putter.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, use a specific The azimuth structure and operation, therefore can not be construed as the limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a flexible connection. Detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

Example 1

The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a model solution method, which can be used for automatic detection of railway turnouts, specifically, including the following steps:

Obtain 3D point cloud data and positioning data;

According to the three-dimensional point cloud data, judge the elevation of the three-dimensional point cloud relative to the orbit, and determine the target group when the elevation of the three-dimensional point cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group according to the standard elevation of the target group;

Identify each target object in the 3D point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target object;

According to the 3D point cloud data of the target object, the parameters of the target object are calculated.

The above model solution method is based on:

There is a height difference between the various components of the railway turnout, and each component produces a specific elevation. Within a certain height floating range, there are multiple components at the same time. Therefore, according to the collected 3D point cloud data, the elevation of the 3D point cloud relative to the track can be judged , the target group can be determined when the elevation of the 3D point cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group. There are interference items in the target group. For the interference items, they need to be excluded. Since each component of the railway turnout has a specific The contour shape of a specific part can be accurately locked by judging the contour shape of a specific part, and the target can be locked from the target group.

In the optional solution of this embodiment, the target group includes at least fasteners, sliding bed platforms, top irons, basic rails, movable core rails, point rails, bolts, movable core rails, and point rails, and the above-mentioned components have specific For 3D point cloud data, each target object can be locked separately through the model solution method.

In this embodiment, the parameter calculation is performed on the target object, and the parameter calculation at least includes the calculation of the center of gravity and the calculation of the inclination. The distance information between the target and other components can be determined through the center of gravity information of the target and other components. In the field of railway turnout detection, the composition and structure of railway turnouts are relatively fixed, so the distance between components is relatively fixed, and the type of other components can be determined by locking the distance information between the target object and other components.

The commonly used solution method in the prior art is the model matching method: the object to be tested is compared with all the standard data pre-stored in the database until the target object is locked. The speed is slow. If the hardware facilities cannot support the above calculation process, the results cannot be directly obtained online in some cases, so the work efficiency is low.

However, the model solving method provided in this embodiment adopts a specific model feature solving method: according to the 3D point cloud data, judge the elevation of the 3D point cloud relative to the orbit, and according to the standard elevation of the target group, determine the elevation between the 3D point cloud and the The target group is determined by matching the standard elevation of the target group. Therefore, some interfering substances are excluded. Then, each target object is identified in the 3D point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target object; finally, the parameters of the target object are calculated according to the 3D point cloud data of the target object. Obtain the parameter information of the target object. This calculation method is based on the relatively fixed position of various components in the railway turnout, which effectively avoids the problems of large amount of operating data and slow operating speed in the overlay calculation method in the model matching method, and has a faster operating speed and higher work efficiency. high.

Example 2

This embodiment discloses a control unit 2, which can be used for automatic detection of railway turnouts. The control unit 2 adopts the model solution method in Embodiment 1, specifically, including the following steps:

Obtain the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the target group;

According to the 3D point cloud data of the target group, judge the elevation of the 3D point cloud relative to the orbit, and according to the standard elevation of the target group, determine the target group when the elevation of the 3D point cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group;

Identify the fasteners in the 3D point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target;

After the fastener is determined, the current sleeper number is calculated according to the positioning data, the distance between the front and rear sleepers, and the previous sleeper number; and the standard 3D point cloud data of the remaining components are extracted according to the current sleeper number;

Obtain the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the remaining components, use the model calculation method to determine the remaining components, and compare the 3D point cloud data of the remaining components with the standard 3D point cloud data, when the 3D point cloud data of the remaining components When the cloud data does not match the standard 3D point cloud data, a control command is issued.

The above control unit 2 is also used to separate and identify the three-dimensional point cloud data, extract the three-dimensional space data of each component of the railway track fastener, and establish a three-dimensional model of the railway track fastener according to the three-dimensional space data;

Further, the above-mentioned control unit 2, on the basis of the three-dimensional model of the railway track fastener, analyzes and calculates the gap size between the fastener and the backing plate, the fastener and the insulating plate, and combines the preset railway inspection rules to determine whether the fastener is tight or not. Whether the fastening state meets the requirements, obtain the judgment data of the fastening state of the fastener; and combine the positioning data of the above-mentioned railway fastener with the judgment data of the fastening state of the fastener to complete the inspection of the fastening state of the railway fastener.

Further, the above-mentioned control unit 2 is also used for: comparing the three-dimensional point cloud of the fastener obtained by the three-dimensional point cloud acquisition module on the surface of the fastener with the three-dimensional point cloud of the standard fastener, and judging whether the fastener is missing, broken, or dislocated and foreign body invasion.

Further, the above-mentioned control unit 2 includes: an embedded computer, which is installed in the beam, and a power module is also arranged in the beam, and the power module includes: a hemispherical photovoltaic panel main body, an energy storage device and a voltage converter, The power module is used to provide power for the entire device; the main body of the hemispherical photovoltaic panel is installed on the upper surface of the beam to convert solar energy into electrical energy, which is stored by the energy storage device, and the voltage converter converts the voltage to meet the power supply conditions. The voltage is used to supply power to each device; the above-mentioned embedded computer is used to receive the three-dimensional point cloud data collected by the line structure laser sensor, and judge the status of each component according to the three-dimensional point cloud data.

Example 3

This embodiment discloses a control system that can be used for automatic detection of railway turnouts, specifically:

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which includes the control unit 2 in Embodiment 2, and also includes: a travel unit 1 , and a collection unit and an alarm unit arranged on the travel unit 1 .

The acquisition unit is connected with the travel unit 1 and the control unit 2, and is used to collect the positioning data of the travel unit 1 during the movement of the travel unit 1 and transmit the positioning data to the control unit 2, and is also used to collect the 3D point cloud of the object to be measured data, and transfer the three-dimensional point cloud data to the control unit 2;

The alarm unit is used to receive the control instruction from the control unit 2, and output an alarm signal according to the control instruction to prompt that the object under test fails.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the acquisition unit includes an encoder for acquiring the positioning data of the traveling unit 1 and transmitting the positioning data to the laser sensor to trigger the laser sensor. Preferably, the encoder is installed on the central shaft of the traveling unit, and the encoder rotates with the movement of the traveling wheels, and is used to record the traveling displacement and traveling speed of the traveling unit 1 , so as to obtain the positioning data of the traveling unit 1 .

Furthermore, the encoder is set to any one of a photoelectric encoder and a rotary encoder; the above-mentioned encoder and the GPS locator are connected to the line-structure laser sensor through a synchronous control circuit, and the synchronous control circuit is used to process the GPS locator And the signal input by the encoder, and output the pulse signal according to the processed data to control the above-mentioned line structure laser sensor for data acquisition.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the acquisition unit further includes a laser sensor, and the laser sensor is used to acquire the three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, multiple laser sensors are arranged in parallel, and the multiple laser sensors are connected to the control unit 2 through a switch. Preferably, the laser sensor includes a first laser sensor, a second laser sensor, a third laser sensor and a fourth laser sensor.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the acquisition unit further includes a laser controller electrically connected to the laser sensors, configured to send positioning data to multiple laser sensors to trigger the multiple laser sensors synchronously, and to supply power to the multiple laser sensors.

In the above optional solution, the laser sensor is any one of a line-structured laser sensor, a binocular vision camera or a laser radar. Preferably, the laser sensor is configured as a line-structured laser sensor.

It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the traveling unit 1 can travel automatically by remote control, or a push rod 12 can be set in the middle of the beam of the car body 11, and the car can be pushed forward by manpower.

Example 4

This embodiment discloses a railway turnout detection method, which can be used for automatic detection of railway turnouts, specifically, including the following steps:

Step S1: Obtain the 3D point cloud data of the target group through the line-structure laser sensor, judge the elevation of the 3D point cloud relative to the orbit, and according to the standard elevation of the target group, when the elevation of the 3D point cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group determine the target group;

Step S2: Identify the fastener in the 3D point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target object;

Step S3: After the fastener is determined, the current sleeper number is calculated according to the positioning data, the distance between the front and rear sleepers, and the previous sleeper number, and the standard 3D point cloud data of the remaining components are extracted according to the current sleeper number;

Step S4: The line-structure laser sensor acquires the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the remaining components, and uses the model calculation method to determine the target object. If the 3D point cloud data of each component does not match the standard 3D point cloud data, When it is determined that a fault occurs, the control unit 2 sends a control instruction to the alarm unit, and the alarm unit sends an alarm signal after receiving the control instruction.

It should be noted that each sleeper has a specific number, and the parts corresponding to different numbers of sleepers are not the same. After the number of the sleeper is determined, the standard 3D point cloud data of the parts corresponding to the number of the sleeper can be obtained, effectively locking the target group, reducing Work more efficiently with unnecessary alignment time for parts that are not within the target group.

Furthermore, the control unit 2 is also used for storing fastener parameter information and parameter information of other components corresponding to the fastener. The storage of parameter information is conducive to the search and analysis of effective information in the later stage, and avoids problems such as information loss caused by manual detection.

Example 5

This embodiment discloses a railway turnout detection device, the railway turnout detection device can be used for automatic detection of railway turnouts, the device adopts the detection method in embodiment 4, specifically:

Please refer to Fig. 2, which includes: a control unit 2, a traveling unit 1, an acquisition unit and an alarm unit.

In an optional solution of this embodiment, the traveling unit 1 includes a vehicle body 11 and a push rod 12 disposed on the vehicle body 11 , and the push rod 12 is foldably installed in the middle of the vehicle body 11 . More preferably, the push rod 12 includes a vertical bar movably connected with the vehicle body 11 and a horizontal bar arranged on the top of the vertical bar and perpendicular to the vertical bar. The horizontal bar is connected with the support platform through a connecting piece, and the control unit 2 can be placed on the on the platform. Wherein, the vertical bar can be folded along the extending direction of the rail, and can also be folded along the extending direction perpendicular to the rail. The cross bar can be folded relative to the vertical bar; the cross bar can be folded between the support platform. Of course, in order to ensure the structural stability in the operation process, locking units are arranged at the joints between the car body 11 and the vertical bar, the joints between the horizontal bar and the vertical bar, and the joints between the horizontal bar and the supporting platform. After the positioning of the rod 12 is completed, the push rod 12 is fixed to prevent the push rod 12 from shifting during use.

In the above-mentioned optional scheme, the push rod 12 is used as a driving device to drive the car body 11 to advance. As one of the improvements, the push rod 12 can be set to an automatic motor drive mode. The wheels are connected, and the motor is controlled by the control unit 2. When the control unit 2 sends a control command to the motor, the motor drives the traveling wheel forward. The above-mentioned control instructions may be, for example: forward, backward, acceleration, deceleration and the like. The control unit 2 can be provided with a stepless switch and a gear switch as required, or a touch screen switch, so as to realize a variety of different driving modes of the detection trolley to meet different needs in use.

In the optional solution of this embodiment, the control unit 2 is set as an industrial computer, and the industrial computer receives the three-dimensional point cloud data and positioning data of the acquisition unit and extracts the corresponding control instructions, and sends the above-mentioned control instructions to the alarm unit, so that The alarm unit alarms when the measured object fails.

In the optional solution of this embodiment, the acquisition unit and the alarm unit are integrated in the detection box, and the detection box is detachably connected to the traveling unit 1, and the acquisition unit and the alarm unit are integrated in the detection box, for example, integrated above the detection box, An interface is provided on the inner side of the detection box, and the interface may be, for example, a switch interface, a network cable interface, a power supply interface, and the like. During use, the power supply supplies power to the acquisition unit and the alarm unit located inside the detection box through the power interface. The acquisition unit and the alarm unit are electrically connected to the control unit 2 through the network cable interface, and the three-dimensional point cloud data and positioning data collected by the acquisition unit are transmitted to the control unit 2 through the network cable interface, and the control unit 2 extracts corresponding control according to the three-dimensional point cloud data and positioning data. command, and transmit the above control command to the alarm unit through the network cable interface, and the alarm unit sends out an alarm signal after receiving the control command to prompt the failure of the measured object.

The detection box is detachably connected to the travel unit 1: after the detection of the railway switch is completed, the detection box is separated from the travel unit 1, and the detection box can be placed on the top of the travel, so that the volume can be effectively reduced and the disadvantages provided by the utility model can be avoided. The turnout detection trolley takes up too much volume after use.

In the above optional solution, the acquisition unit includes an encoder and at least one laser sensor, and the encoder is electrically connected to the laser sensor. Wherein, the laser sensor collects the three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured after being triggered, and transmits the three-dimensional point cloud data to the control unit 2 . Furthermore, multiple laser sensors are arranged in parallel in the detection box, and the encoder is connected to the multiple laser sensors through a switch. Correspondingly, a switch interface is also set on the detection box. More preferably, there are four laser sensors.

In the above optional solution, the acquisition unit also includes a laser controller electrically connected to the laser sensor, which is used to make the laser sensor synchronously receive the positioning data sent by the encoder, and synchronously send the three-dimensional point cloud data output by the laser sensor, preferably Specifically, the laser controller is arranged at the end of the detection box.

This embodiment provides a railway turnout detection device, using the railway turnout detection method in Embodiment 4, the signal transmission and control between the control unit 2, the travel unit 1, the acquisition unit and the alarm unit realize the detection of the railway turnout Real-time detection, fast running speed and high work efficiency.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand : It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the various embodiments of the present invention Scope of technical solutions.

Claims (10)

1. A control system, characterized in that it comprises a control unit, a traveling unit, and an acquisition unit and an alarm unit arranged on the traveling unit; The collection unit is connected with the travel unit and the control unit, and is used to collect the positioning data of the travel unit during the movement of the travel unit and transmit the positioning data to the control unit, and is also used to collect Three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured, and transmitting the three-dimensional point cloud data to the control unit; The control unit is configured to extract a control instruction according to the 3D point cloud data and the positioning data, and send the control instruction to the alarm unit; The alarm unit is configured to receive a control instruction from the control unit, and output an alarm signal according to the control instruction to prompt that the object under test fails. 2. The control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control unit is used for: Obtain the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the target group; According to the 3D point cloud data of the target group, judge the elevation of the 3D point cloud relative to the orbit, and according to the standard elevation of the target group, determine the target group when the elevation of the 3D point cloud matches the standard elevation of the target group; Identify the fasteners in the 3D point cloud data of the target group according to the specific shape characteristics of the target; After determining that the fastener is obtained, the current sleeper number is calculated according to the positioning data, the distance between the front and rear sleepers, and the previous sleeper number, and the standard three-dimensional point cloud data of the remaining components are extracted according to the current sleeper number; Obtain the 3D point cloud data and positioning data of the remaining components, use the model calculation method to determine the remaining components, and compare the 3D point cloud data of the remaining components with the standard 3D point cloud data, when the 3D point cloud data of the remaining components When the cloud data does not match the standard 3D point cloud data, a control command is issued. 3. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the target group at least includes fasteners, sliding bed platforms, top irons, basic rails, movable core rails, point rails, bolts, movable core rails, pointed rail. 4 . The control system according to claim 3 , wherein the acquisition unit includes a laser sensor, and the laser sensor is used to acquire three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured. 5. The control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the acquisition unit further includes an encoder for acquiring the positioning data of the traveling unit, and transmitting the positioning data to the laser sensor, to trigger the laser sensor. 6. The control system according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of the laser sensors are arranged in parallel, and the plurality of the laser sensors are connected to the control unit through a switch. 7. The control system according to claim 6, wherein the laser sensor is any one of a line-structured laser sensor, a binocular vision camera or a laser radar. 8. The control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the acquisition unit further comprises a laser controller electrically connected to the laser sensor, configured to send positioning data to a plurality of the laser sensors to synchronously trigger multiple laser sensors. one of the laser sensors, and supply power to a plurality of the laser sensors. 9. A railway switch detection device adopting the control system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The traveling unit includes a vehicle body, a push rod foldably installed in the middle of the vehicle body, and a detection box detachably connected to the vehicle body, the laser sensor is arranged in the detection box, and the The encoder is arranged on the vehicle body. 10. The railway switch detection device according to claim 9, wherein a power supply device is provided on the traveling unit, and the power supply device is used to provide power to the laser sensor, the encoder, the control unit and The alarm unit is powered.