CN114543603B - Determination method and device for mine blasting edge hole distance - Google Patents
Determination method and device for mine blasting edge hole distance Download PDFInfo
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- CN114543603B CN114543603B CN202111394253.8A CN202111394253A CN114543603B CN 114543603 B CN114543603 B CN 114543603B CN 202111394253 A CN202111394253 A CN 202111394253A CN 114543603 B CN114543603 B CN 114543603B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application is suitable for the technical field of mining, and provides a method and a device for determining a mine blasting edge hole distance, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a plurality of candidate edge hole distances; according to the candidate edge hole distances, respectively constructing mine blasting models which are in one-to-one correspondence with the candidate edge hole distances, wherein each mine blasting model comprises a filler unit; setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points; respectively adopting the mine blasting models to carry out simulated blasting to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process; and determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve. By adopting the method to determine the reasonable hole distance of the burst edge, the damage to the filling body caused by the blasting operation can be reduced, and the loss rate and the bulk rate of ores are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a method and a device for determining a mine blasting edge hole distance.
Background
A stud stope is often used in ore mining. In the stoping process of a pillar stope, blasting operation, especially side hole blasting, can seriously affect the side wall filling body, so that the strength of the filling body is reduced, and the stability is unbalanced. Under the large-scale blasting effect of the side wall blastholes, the filling body is extremely easy to damage and destroy, and great hidden trouble is brought to the stability of the stope.
In the blasting stoping process of the side wall blast hole of the stud stope, the size of the side hole distance is an important factor affecting the stability of the filling body. The small side hole distance is very easy to cause damage and destruction of the near-area filling body, and the too large side hole distance is easy to cause the increase of the loss rate and the bulk rate of ore. How to determine a reasonable edge hole distance in mine blasting operation is a problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining a mine blasting edge hole distance, which are used for determining a reasonable blasting edge hole distance in a numerical simulation mode, reducing damage and destruction of blasting operation to a filling body and reducing loss rate and bulk rate of ores.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a hole pitch of a mine blasting edge, including:
determining a plurality of candidate edge hole distances;
according to the candidate edge hole distances, respectively constructing mine blasting models which are in one-to-one correspondence with the candidate edge hole distances, wherein each mine blasting model comprises a filler unit;
setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points, and the interval distance between the plurality of far zone monitoring points is larger than the interval distance between the plurality of near zone monitoring points;
respectively adopting the mine blasting models to carry out simulated blasting to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process;
and determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a determination device for a mine blasting edge hole distance, including:
the candidate edge hole pitch determining module is used for determining a plurality of candidate edge hole pitches;
the mine blasting model construction module is used for respectively constructing mine blasting models corresponding to the candidate edge hole distances one by one according to the candidate edge hole distances, and the mine blasting models comprise filler units;
the vibration speed monitoring point setting module is used for setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points, and the interval distance between the plurality of far zone monitoring points is larger than the interval distance between the plurality of near zone monitoring points;
the simulated blasting module is used for performing simulated blasting by adopting the mine blasting model respectively to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process;
and the optimal edge hole distance determining module is used for determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time-course curve.
A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method for determining a mine blasting edge hole distance according to the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for determining a mine blasting edge hole distance as described in the first aspect above.
A fifth aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of determining a mine blasting edge hole distance as described in the first aspect above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the method and the device, the mine blasting model is respectively built by determining the candidate edge hole distances and aiming at the candidate edge hole distances, and a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points can be arranged in the filling body unit of the mine blasting model, so that a vibration speed time course curve of each vibration speed monitoring point is obtained after simulated blasting is carried out by adopting the built mine blasting model. And determining the optimal edge hole distance based on the vibration speed time course curve. According to the embodiment of the application, the reasonable bursting edge hole distance is determined through a numerical simulation method, so that damage to a near-area filling body caused by blasting operation can be reduced, and the loss rate and the bulk rate of ores are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of steps of a method for determining a mine blasting margin according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an edge hole pitch in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one possible implementation of step S102 in a method for determining a mine blasting margin according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one possible implementation of step S103 in a method for determining a mine blasting margin according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a vibration speed monitoring point arrangement in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a vibration velocity time course plot according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of one possible implementation of step S105 in a method for determining a mine blasting margin according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a mine blasthole edge distance determination apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a computing device according to one embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system configurations, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
The technical scheme of the present application is described below by specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic step flow diagram of a method for determining a hole distance at a mine blasting edge according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, which specifically may include the following steps:
s101, determining a plurality of candidate edge hole pitches.
It should be noted that, the method may be applied to a computing device, that is, the execution subject of the embodiment of the present application is a computing device, where the computing device may be a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a cloud computing server, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit a specific type of the computing device.
In the embodiment of the application, the candidate edge hole distance can refer to a plurality of edge hole distances determined by blasting operators according to actual requirements of mining. The method and the device for determining the edge hole distance of the blasting operation are used for determining the optimal edge hole distance which can be used for the actual blasting operation from a plurality of candidate edge hole distances through processing of a computing device. After the ore is blasted according to the edge hole distance, the ore can be blasted effectively, and the subsequent stoping operation is convenient; at the same time, the damage of the filling body by the stress wave generated by the explosion can be controlled within an acceptable range.
In embodiments of the present application, the side hole spacing may refer to the distance between the location of the explosive in the ore and the charge, which may be generally a vertical distance. As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a side hole pitch according to an embodiment of the present application, three candidate side hole pitches with different values are shown in (a), (b), and (c) in fig. 2. Fig. 2 (a), (b) and (c) show the ore 21 and the filler 22, and three explosives 211 are placed in the ore 21, wherein the vertical distance between the explosives 211 and the filler 22 is the side hole pitch. In fig. 2 (a), the side hole pitch L1 is 1.0 m, in fig. 2 (b), the side hole pitch L2 is 1.5 m, and in fig. 2 (c), the side hole pitch L3 is 2.0 m. If the edge hole distances L1, L2, and L3 are candidate edge hole distances, the computing device in the embodiment of the application may determine the optimal edge hole distance from the edge hole distances L1, L2, and L3 through processing.
S102, respectively constructing mine blasting models corresponding to the candidate edge hole distances one by one according to the candidate edge hole distances, wherein the mine blasting models comprise filling body units.
In the embodiment of the application, after the candidate edge hole distance is determined, the mine blasting model can be constructed by combining actual parameters in blasting design. The mine blasting model can be a quasi-two-dimensional solid model, namely, the thickness direction is the size of a grid, and a plurality of rows of blast holes are selected along the length direction according to parameters, namely, the positions where the explosives are placed.
Illustratively, in the blasting design, the side hole diameter is 110 mm, the explosive charge diameter is 90 mm, and the side hole distance is an analog variable, so that a mine blasting model is established.
In embodiments of the present application, the explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis general finite element program LS-DYNA may be employed to simulate the blasting process. The LS-DYNA program is a highly nonlinear transient dynamic analysis program, can solve large deformation dynamic responses such as high-speed collision, explosion, mould pressing and the like of various two-dimensional and three-dimensional inelastic structures, and can solve problems such as heat transfer, fluid and fluid-solid coupling and the like. The LS-DYNA program has a rich material model, provides more than 140 metallic and non-metallic material models for user selection, and allows the user to customize the material model. The LS-DYNA program package also comprises more than 16 unit types, and various units can be selected by various theoretical algorithms, so that the LS-DYNA program package has large displacement, large strain and large rotation performance.
In embodiments of the present application, the LS-DYNA program may be pre-installed in the computing device. After the computing equipment determines the candidate edge hole distance, the LS-DYNA program can be directly called to construct a mine blasting model.
In one possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, according to a plurality of candidate edge hole pitches, respectively constructing a mine blasting model corresponding to each candidate edge hole pitch one to one may include the following substeps S1021-S1023:
s1021, determining a model unit required for constructing the mine blasting model, wherein the model unit at least comprises an ore unit, an explosive unit, an air unit and the filler unit.
S1022, determining model parameters of each model unit.
S1023, constructing the mine blasting model by adopting an explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis general finite element program according to each model unit and model parameters thereof; wherein the ore unit and the filler unit are connected in a surface contact manner.
In the embodiment of the application, when the mine blasting model is respectively constructed for each determined candidate edge hole pitch, model units required for constructing the mine blasting model can be determined first. Such as ore units, explosive units, air units and filler units. Then, by determining model parameters corresponding to each model unit, the LS-DYNA program can be adopted to model according to the determined model units and the model parameters thereof.
Generally, LS-DYNA program is based on Lagrange algorithm and has ALE algorithm and Euler algorithm. The ALE algorithm is similar to the ordinary Lagrange algorithm in that the grid is first fixed on the medium, and then the grid is reconstructed according to a certain rule at intervals of every one or a few step according to the calculation requirement (namely, deformation development condition). Stability of the explicit format may be ensured when the time step satisfies a specification that decreases with increasing speed of sound. The ALE algorithm has higher accuracy in calculating results than the pure Euler algorithm in the process of medium motion problems with larger distortion.
In the embodiment of the application, the rock unit and the filler unit are solid materials, so that the Lagrange algorithm can be adopted for construction, the explosive unit and the air unit are fluid materials, the problems of large deformation of the units and the like exist in the explosion analysis process, and errors such as negative volumes and the like easily occur by adopting the Lagrange algorithm, so that the ALE algorithm can be adopted for construction.
In a specific implementation, when the LS-DYNA program is used to construct a mine blasting model, a PLASTIC dynamics model mat_plassic_ KINEMATIC in the LS-DYNA program may be used to construct the rock unit. The model is isotropic, servo hardening or a mixed model of isotropic and servo hardening, is related to strain rate, and when explosive explodes, the near-zone rock mass is yielded so as to be broken, the strain is large, the strain rate effect is obvious, and a plastic dynamics model containing the strain rate is proved to be suitable. Table one is an example of model parameters for an ore unit.
Table one:
the filler unit can be constructed by adopting an RHT constitutive model in LS-DYNA program. The RHT constitutive model is a concrete model, comprehensively considers the characteristics of strain hardening, pressure dependence, strain rate sensitivity, compression damage softening and the like of material damage, introduces tensile damage and compression damage, and is particularly suitable for researching the damage problem of a filling body. Table two is an example of model parameters for the filler cells.
And (II) table:
the EXPLOSIVE unit can be constructed by adopting a HIGH EXPLOSIVE material MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN in an LS-DYNA program, and a corresponding detonation gas JWL state equation is selected. Table three is an example of model parameters and JWL equation of state parameters for an explosive cell.
Table three:
the air cells may be constructed using the empty material mat_null in the LS-DYNA procedure and using the corresponding air state equation eos_line_polynucleotide. Table four is an example of model parameters for an air cell.
Table four:
| ρ/kg·m -3 | C 0 | C 5 | C 6 | E 0 | V 0 |
| 1.293 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2533E6 | 1 |
in consideration of the interaction relationship between the filler and the ore, it is not possible to establish the connection between the ore unit and the filler unit by the common node method alone, but the contact surface, that is, the connection between the ore unit and the filler unit by the surface contact method should be established.
In a specific implementation, the contact_auto_surface_to_surface command in the LS-DYNA program may be used TO establish the association between the filler units and the ore units.
S103, setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points.
In general, the stress wave generated by the explosion will cause the filling body to vibrate with different intensities when propagating in the filling body. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, damage to the filler by blasting can be analyzed by setting vibration speed monitoring points in the filler unit, based on the vibration speeds monitored at the respective vibration speed monitoring points.
In one possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filler unit may include the following substeps S1031-S1033:
s1031, dividing the filling body unit into a near zone unit and a far zone unit.
S1032, a plurality of near zone monitoring points are arranged in the near zone unit.
S1033, setting a plurality of remote zone monitoring points in the remote zone unit.
In a specific implementation, for a constructed mine blasting model, its filler cells may be divided into near-zone cells and far-zone cells. And then a plurality of near zone monitoring points are arranged in the near zone unit, and a plurality of far zone monitoring points are arranged in the far zone unit. The distance between the remote zone monitoring points is larger than the distance between the near zone monitoring points.
In the embodiment of the application, when the near zone monitoring points are set in the near zone unit, a plurality of near zone monitoring points can be set in the near zone unit at equal intervals along the direction of the vertical gun row holes; when the remote zone monitoring points are arranged in the remote zone unit, a plurality of remote zone monitoring points can be arranged in the remote zone unit along the direction of the vertical gun row holes without considering whether the interval distances are equal. It should be noted that the plurality of near zone monitoring points and the plurality of far zone monitoring points should be located on the same line.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of setting vibration speed monitoring points according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 5 includes a filler unit 41 and an ore unit 42, the filler unit 41 is divided into a near zone unit 411 and a far zone unit 412, 5 near zone monitoring points are provided in the near zone unit 411 in total, that is, A, B, C, D, E in fig. 5, and 3 far zone monitoring points are provided in the far zone unit 412 in total, that is, F, G, H in fig. 5.
As shown in table five, the distance from each vibration speed monitoring point to the contact surface of the filler unit and the ore unit in fig. 5 is shown.
Table five:
| monitoring point | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
| Distance/meter | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
It can be seen that the separation distance between the near zone monitoring points A, B, C, D, E is equal, while the separation distance between the far zone monitoring points F, G, H is not exactly equal.
S104, respectively adopting the mine blasting models to carry out simulated blasting to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process.
In the embodiment of the application, for the constructed mine blasting model, the model can be adopted for simulated blasting to obtain the vibration speed time course curve of each vibration speed monitoring point. The vibration speed time course curve is data of vibration speed change with time monitored by each monitoring point under the action of stress wave generated by blasting.
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a vibration velocity profile according to one embodiment of the present application. The change in vibration velocity monitored at vibration velocity monitoring point A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H shown in fig. 5 is shown over time during a simulated blasting based on a 1.0 meter candidate edge hole pitch.
S105, determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve.
In general, in the field of safety production, different types of objects should meet corresponding vibration speed criteria. Since the vibration speed time course curve records the vibration speed change condition of each monitoring point, whether the vibration caused by the stress wave generated by blasting exceeds the maximum allowable value of each monitoring point can be determined based on the vibration speed time course curve. If the maximum allowable value of the vibration speed of the monitoring point is exceeded, the monitoring point can be considered to be damaged. Therefore, the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process can be determined according to the damage condition caused by the simulated blasting under different edge hole distances.
In one possible implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7, according to the vibration velocity time course curve, determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process may include the following substeps S1051-S1052:
s1051, respectively determining the vibration speed peak value of each vibration speed monitoring point in the blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve.
S1052, determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the comparison relation between the vibration speed peak value and the preset safe vibration speed value.
In the embodiment of the application, the vibration speed peak value of each vibration speed monitoring point can be extracted according to the vibration speed time-course curve.
Illustratively, the peak speed of each monitoring point in the vibration speed time-course curve shown in fig. 6 is extracted, and a peak speed example of the vibration speed monitoring points shown in table six can be obtained, that is, at a side hole distance of 1.0 meter, the stress wave generated by explosion causes the maximum value of vibration of each monitoring point.
Table six (side hole distance 1.0 meter):
| monitoring point | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
| Distance/meter | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| Peak velocity/cm/s | 60.4 | 30.3 | 19.4 | 16.0 | 12.7 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 4.6 |
And then, comparing the speed peak value of each monitoring point in the sixth table with the corresponding safety standard speed value to judge whether each monitoring point is damaged.
Since the filler properties are similar to the concrete properties, the safety allowance standards for concrete can be used for comparison in the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in table seven, is a partial example of the safety allowance standard of newly poured mass concrete in the national standard GB 6722-2014 blasting safety regulations.
Table seven:
in addition, because the main frequency of near-zone blasting vibration is higher during blasting, a vibration speed discrimination standard with f >50Hz can be adopted, namely the vibration speed peak value of each monitoring point should be less than or equal to 12.0 cm/s.
In the embodiment of the application, the first number of vibration speed monitoring points with the vibration speed peak value smaller than or equal to the safe vibration speed value can be counted, and the edge hole distance corresponding to the mine blasting model with the first number exceeding the preset number threshold value is used as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process.
For example, for a plurality of mine explosion models constructed based on a plurality of edge distances, after simulated explosion is performed on each mine explosion model, a first number of monitoring points where the monitored speed peak value is smaller than the safety standard speed value may be counted. For example, at the 1.0 meter edge hole distance shown in table six, the speed peak is less than the total of 3 monitoring points of 12.0 cm/s in table seven, namely the remote zone monitoring point F, G, H. That is, at 1.0 meter edge hole distance, the position of the near zone monitoring point A, B, C, D, E is destroyed.
As an example of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in table eight, an example is that a mine blasting model is constructed and the maximum value of vibration of each monitoring point obtained after blasting is simulated at a hole pitch of 1.5 meters.
Table eight (side hole distance 1.5 meters):
| monitoring point | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
| Distance/meter | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| Peak velocity/cm/s | 53.3 | 23.6 | 16.1 | 12.5 | 9.8 | 7.4 | 5.9 | 3.6 |
It can be seen that at the 1.5 meter edge hole distance shown in table eight, the speed peak is less than the total of 4 monitoring points of 12.0 cm/s in table seven, namely the near zone monitoring point E and the far zone monitoring point F, G, H. That is, at 1.5 meter edge hole spacing, the near zone monitoring point A, B, C, D is destroyed.
If the preset number threshold is 3, the first number of monitoring points with the speed peak value smaller than the safety standard speed value is 4 under the condition that the edge hole distance is 1.5 meters, and the 1.5 meters can be used as the optimal edge hole distance if the requirement is met.
In the embodiment of the application, the number of mine explosion models with the first number exceeding the preset number threshold value may also include a plurality of mine explosion models. For example, as still another example of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in table nine, is an example of constructing a mine explosion model and simulating the maximum value of vibration of each monitoring point obtained after explosion in the case of a hole spacing of 2.0 meters.
Table nine (side hole distance 2.0 meters):
| monitoring point | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
| Distance/meter | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
| Peak velocity/cm/s | 42.3 | 22.3 | 15.9 | 11.2 | 7.8 | 6.3 | 4.1 | 2.4 |
It can be seen that at the 2.0 meter edge hole distance shown in table nine, the speed peak is less than the total of 5 monitoring points of 12.0 cm/s in table seven, namely near zone monitoring point D, E and far zone monitoring point F, G, H. That is, at a 2.0 meter edge hole distance, the near zone monitoring point A, B, C is destroyed.
Because the preset number threshold value is 3, the first number of monitoring points with the speed peak value smaller than the safety standard speed value is 5 under the condition that the side hole distance is 2.0 meters, and the requirement is also met. At this time, the edge hole distances of 1.5 m and 2.0 m are both in accordance with the condition as the optimum edge hole distance. For this problem, a second number of near zone monitoring points may be counted for which the vibration speed peak is less than or equal to the safe vibration speed value; taking the edge hole distance of the mine blasting model corresponding to the maximum value of the second number as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process; if the number of the mine blasting models corresponding to the maximum value of the second number comprises a plurality of mine blasting models, the minimum value of the edge hole distance in the mine blasting models corresponding to the maximum value of the second number can be used as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process.
For example, as can be seen from the combination of the table eight and the table nine, the number of monitoring points in which the peak value of the vibration speed is less than or equal to 12.0 cm/s among the near-zone monitoring points can be counted. When the edge hole distance is 1.5 meters, the number of near zone monitoring points meeting the conditions is 1, and when the edge hole distance is 2.0 meters, the number of near zone monitoring points meeting the conditions is 2. Thus, the edge pitch corresponding to a relatively larger value, that is, the edge pitch of 2.0 meters, can be regarded as the optimal edge pitch.
In another possible implementation, if a mine blasting model is constructed and blasting is simulated based on a side hole pitch of 2.5 meters, and the number of near zone monitoring points with a vibration velocity peak value of less than or equal to 12.0 cm/s is also 2, then a relatively small value of the side hole pitch, that is, a side hole pitch of 2.0 meters, may be used as the optimal side hole pitch. Therefore, the damage to the filling body can be ensured to be within an acceptable range, and the problems of side wall rock undermining and high blocking rate caused by overlarge side hole distance can be avoided.
In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points can be set in a filling body unit of the mine blasting model by determining a plurality of candidate edge hole distances and respectively constructing the mine blasting model aiming at each candidate edge hole distance, so that a vibration speed time course curve of each vibration speed monitoring point is obtained after simulated blasting is carried out by adopting the constructed mine blasting model. And determining the optimal edge hole distance based on the vibration speed time course curve. According to the embodiment of the application, the reasonable bursting edge hole distance is determined through a numerical simulation method, so that damage to a near-area filling body caused by blasting operation can be reduced, and the loss rate and the bulk rate of ores are reduced.
It should be noted that, the sequence number of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the sequence of execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a mine blasting edge hole distance determining device according to an embodiment of the present application may specifically include a candidate edge hole distance determining module 801, a mine blasting model building module 802, a vibration speed monitoring point setting module 803, a simulated blasting module 804, and an optimal edge hole distance determining module 805, where:
a candidate edge pitch determination module 801, configured to determine a plurality of candidate edge pitches;
a mine blasting model construction module 802, configured to construct mine blasting models corresponding to the candidate edge hole distances one to one according to the candidate edge hole distances, where the mine blasting models include a filler unit;
a vibration speed monitoring point setting module 803, configured to set a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, where the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points include a plurality of near-zone monitoring points and a plurality of far-zone monitoring points, and a spacing distance between the plurality of far-zone monitoring points is greater than a spacing distance between the plurality of near-zone monitoring points;
the simulated blasting module 804 is configured to perform simulated blasting by using the mine blasting models respectively, so as to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process;
and the optimal edge hole distance determining module 805 is configured to determine an optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve.
In the embodiment of the present application, the mine blasting model building module 802 may specifically be configured to: determining a model unit required for constructing the mine blasting model, wherein the model unit at least comprises an ore unit, an explosive unit, an air unit and the filler unit; determining model parameters of each model unit; according to each model unit and model parameters thereof, constructing the mine blasting model by adopting an explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis general finite element program; wherein the ore unit and the filler unit are connected in a surface contact manner.
In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration speed monitoring point setting module 803 may specifically be configured to: dividing the filling body unit into a near zone unit and a far zone unit; setting a plurality of near zone monitoring points in the near zone unit; and setting a plurality of remote zone monitoring points in the remote zone unit.
In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration speed monitoring point setting module 803 may be further configured to: in the near zone unit, a plurality of near zone monitoring points are arranged at equal intervals along the direction of vertical gun row holes; in the remote zone unit, a plurality of remote zone monitoring points are arranged along the direction of the vertical gun row holes; the near zone monitoring points and the far zone monitoring points are positioned on the same straight line.
In this embodiment of the present application, the optimal edge pitch determination module 805 may specifically be configured to: respectively determining vibration speed peaks of the vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve; and determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the comparison relation between the vibration speed peak value and the preset safe vibration speed value.
In the embodiment of the present application, the optimal edge pitch determination module 805 may further be configured to: counting a first number of vibration speed monitoring points for which the vibration speed peak value is less than or equal to the safe vibration speed value; and taking the edge hole distances corresponding to the mine blasting models, the first number of which exceeds a preset number of thresholds, as the optimal edge hole distances in the mine blasting process.
In this embodiment, the number of mine explosion models with the first number exceeding the preset number threshold includes a plurality of mine explosion models, and the optimal edge hole pitch determining module 805 may be further configured to: counting a second number of near-zone monitoring points for which the vibration speed peak value is less than or equal to the safe vibration speed value; taking the edge hole distance of the mine blasting model corresponding to the maximum value of the second number as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process; and if the number of the mine blasting models corresponding to the maximum value of the second number is multiple, taking the minimum value of the edge hole distances in the mine blasting models corresponding to the maximum value of the second number as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process.
For the device embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and reference should be made to the description of the method embodiments.
Referring to FIG. 9, a schematic diagram of a computing device is shown, according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the computing device 900 of the present embodiment includes: a processor 910, a memory 920 and a computer program 921 stored in said memory 920 and executable on said processor 910. The processor 910, when executing the computer program 921, implements the steps in the embodiments of the method for determining a hole pitch of a mine blasting edge described above, for example, steps S101 to S105 shown in fig. 1. Alternatively, the processor 910, when executing the computer program 921, implements functions of the modules/units in the above-described device embodiments, for example, functions of the modules 801 to 805 shown in fig. 8.
Illustratively, the computer program 921 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 920 and executed by the processor 910 to complete the present application. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing particular functions, which may be used to describe the execution of the computer program 921 in the computing device 900. For example, the computer program 921 may be divided into a candidate edge hole pitch determination module, a mine blasting model construction module, a vibration speed monitoring point setting module, a simulated blasting module, and an optimal edge hole pitch determination module, each of which functions specifically as follows:
the candidate edge hole pitch determining module is used for determining a plurality of candidate edge hole pitches;
the mine blasting model construction module is used for respectively constructing mine blasting models corresponding to the candidate edge hole distances one by one according to the candidate edge hole distances, and the mine blasting models comprise filler units;
the vibration speed monitoring point setting module is used for setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points, and the interval distance between the plurality of far zone monitoring points is larger than the interval distance between the plurality of near zone monitoring points;
the simulated blasting module is used for performing simulated blasting by adopting the mine blasting model respectively to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process;
and the optimal edge hole distance determining module is used for determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time-course curve.
The computing device 900 may be a desktop computer, cloud server, or the like. The computing device 900 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 910, a memory 920. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that fig. 9 is only one example of a computing device 900 and is not intended to be limiting of the computing device 900, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or different components, e.g., the computing device 900 may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
The processor 910 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory 920 may be an internal storage unit of the computing device 900, such as a hard disk or a memory of the computing device 900. The memory 920 may also be an external storage device of the computing device 900, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card) or the like, which are provided on the computing device 900. Further, the memory 920 may also include both internal and external storage units of the computing device 900. The memory 920 is used to store the computer program 921 and other programs and data required by the computing device 900. The memory 920 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a computing device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the method for determining the mine blasting edge hole distance according to the previous embodiments when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the method for determining the mine blasting edge hole distance according to the previous embodiments when being executed by a processor.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a computer program product, which when running on a computer, causes the computing equipment to execute the method for determining the mine blasting edge hole distance according to the previous embodiments.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the hole distance of the blasting edge of the mine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining a plurality of candidate edge hole distances;
according to the candidate edge hole distances, respectively constructing mine blasting models which are in one-to-one correspondence with the candidate edge hole distances, wherein each mine blasting model comprises a filler unit;
setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points, and the interval distance between the plurality of far zone monitoring points is larger than the interval distance between the plurality of near zone monitoring points;
respectively adopting the mine blasting models to carry out simulated blasting to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process;
and determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein constructing mine blasting models corresponding to each of the candidate edge pitches one by one according to the plurality of candidate edge pitches, respectively, comprises:
determining a model unit required for constructing the mine blasting model, wherein the model unit at least comprises an ore unit, an explosive unit, an air unit and the filler unit;
determining model parameters of each model unit;
according to each model unit and model parameters thereof, constructing the mine blasting model by adopting an explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis general finite element program; wherein the ore unit and the filler unit are connected in a surface contact manner.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the setting of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filler unit comprises:
dividing the filling body unit into a near zone unit and a far zone unit;
setting a plurality of near zone monitoring points in the near zone unit;
and setting a plurality of remote zone monitoring points in the remote zone unit.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said setting a plurality of near zone monitoring points in said near zone unit comprises:
in the near zone unit, a plurality of near zone monitoring points are arranged at equal intervals along the direction of vertical gun row holes;
the setting of a plurality of remote zone monitoring points in the remote zone unit includes:
in the remote zone unit, a plurality of remote zone monitoring points are arranged along the direction of the vertical gun row holes;
the near zone monitoring points and the far zone monitoring points are positioned on the same straight line.
5. The method of any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, wherein said determining an optimal edge hole distance during mine blasting from said vibration velocity profile comprises:
respectively determining vibration speed peaks of the vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process according to the vibration speed time course curve;
and determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the comparison relation between the vibration speed peak value and the preset safe vibration speed value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining an optimal edge hole distance during mine blasting based on the comparison between the vibration velocity peak value and a preset safe vibration velocity value comprises:
counting a first number of vibration speed monitoring points for which the vibration speed peak value is less than or equal to the safe vibration speed value;
and taking the edge hole distances corresponding to the mine blasting models, the first number of which exceeds a preset number of thresholds, as the optimal edge hole distances in the mine blasting process.
7. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising: the number of the mine blasting models with the first number exceeding the preset number threshold value comprises a plurality of mine blasting models, and the edge hole distance corresponding to the mine blasting models with the first number exceeding the preset number threshold value is used as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process, and the method comprises the following steps:
counting a second number of near-zone monitoring points for which the vibration speed peak value is less than or equal to the safe vibration speed value;
taking the edge hole distance of the mine blasting model corresponding to the maximum value of the second number as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process;
and if the number of the mine blasting models corresponding to the maximum value of the second number is multiple, taking the minimum value of the edge hole distances in the mine blasting models corresponding to the maximum value of the second number as the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process.
8. The utility model provides a mine blasting margin hole distance's determining means which characterized in that includes:
the candidate edge hole pitch determining module is used for determining a plurality of candidate edge hole pitches;
the mine blasting model construction module is used for respectively constructing mine blasting models corresponding to the candidate edge hole distances one by one according to the candidate edge hole distances, and the mine blasting models comprise filler units;
the vibration speed monitoring point setting module is used for setting a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the filling body unit, wherein the plurality of vibration speed monitoring points comprise a plurality of near zone monitoring points and a plurality of far zone monitoring points, and the interval distance between the plurality of far zone monitoring points is larger than the interval distance between the plurality of near zone monitoring points;
the simulated blasting module is used for performing simulated blasting by adopting the mine blasting model respectively to obtain vibration speed time course curves of a plurality of vibration speed monitoring points in the blasting process;
and the optimal edge hole distance determining module is used for determining the optimal edge hole distance in the mine blasting process according to the vibration speed time-course curve.
9. A computing device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the method of determining mine blast edge hole spacing of any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method of determining a mine blast edge hole distance as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN115688428B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-09-01 | 青岛理工大学 | Method, device and equipment for calculating explosive quantity critical value of blasting near zone supporting structure |
| CN118091759A (en) * | 2024-04-19 | 2024-05-28 | 中铁七局集团武汉工程有限公司 | Deep-shallow buried large-span tunnel blasting field rate monitoring method |
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