CN114539286A - 哌嗪衍生物及其在医药上的应用 - Google Patents
哌嗪衍生物及其在医药上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114539286A CN114539286A CN202111405570.5A CN202111405570A CN114539286A CN 114539286 A CN114539286 A CN 114539286A CN 202111405570 A CN202111405570 A CN 202111405570A CN 114539286 A CN114539286 A CN 114539286A
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- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
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Abstract
哌嗪衍生物及其在医药上的应用。本申请公开了式(I)的化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种哌嗪衍生物或者其盐或立体异构体及其在医药上的应用。
背景技术
RAS基因是人类重要的原癌基因之一,在调控细胞信号转导与肿瘤的发生发展中起着关键作用;也是人类癌症中最常出现突变的致癌基因,大约30%的癌症中存在RAS基因突变。人类RAS超蛋白家族含有三种基因(分别是KRAS、NRAS和HRAS),编码四种蛋白(KRAS-4A、KRAS-4B、NRAS和HRAS)。其中KRAS是RAS家族中最常见的亚型,也是最容易突变的基因;RAS突变中有86%为KRAS突变,86-96%的胰腺癌、40-54%的结直肠癌和20-37%的肺癌中可以检测到KRAS基因突变,在胆管癌、宫颈癌、膀胱癌、肝癌和乳腺癌等癌症中也出现KRAS突变(Kessler et al.,2019)。
KARS蛋白属于小GTP酶(small GTPase)蛋白家族。在正常生理状态下,KRAS蛋白通过在失活(结合GDP)和激活(结合GTP)状态之间转变实现对信号通路的调控(Downward,2003):当KRAS与二磷酸鸟苷(GDP)结合时处于失活状态;当与三磷酸鸟苷(GTP)结合时处于激活状态可以激活下游信号通路。这两种状态之间的转换和平衡受到以下两类蛋白的调控:(1)鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子(guanine nucleotide exchange factors;GEF),能促使KRAS与GTP的结合,提高GDP从KRAS中的解离效率,促进KRAS的激活;(2)GTP酶激活蛋白(GTPase activating/accelerating proteins;GAPs),能提高KRAS蛋白本身相对较弱的GTPase活性,促使GTP水解为GDP,降低KRAS对下游信号通路的影响。生理条件下,KRAS与GDP有着更强的结合能力,因此细胞中的KRAS一般处于失活状态;当KRAS与GTP结合后被激活,可以通过MAPK、PI3K和Ral-GEFs等多条下游信号通路促进细胞生存、增殖和细胞因子释放等(Liu et al.,2019)。
当KRAS发生突变或者构象改变,它的GTP水解活性下降、与GDP结合稳定性增加、与GAP相互作用受阻,使得KRAS蛋白长期处于激活状态,通过刺激大量的下游细胞信号,持续促使细胞继续生长和分裂,最终导致癌症发生。目前研究表明,KRAS最常见的突变方式是在密码子的第12、13和61位发生的单点突变(single-point mutations),其中第12位密码子突变约占KRAS突变的82%。体细胞中这些位点的错义突变会干扰KRAS本身的GTPase活性:如第12位(G12)突变通过干扰GAP蛋白结合和GTP水解来持续激活KRAS;第13位(G13)突变造成GAP结合能力降低;第61位(Q61)突变影响GTP水解中间态的稳定性(Ostrem&Shokat,2016)。除了KRAS基因改变直接导致肿瘤的发生外,KRAS突变细胞通过旁分泌作用对引起肿瘤恶化的微环境也影响广泛,可以促进分泌多种细胞因子、趋化因子和生长因子对纤维母细胞和免疫细胞等影响肿瘤微环境,也能对基质细胞进行改造和重编程。这些研究充分证实了KRAS基因可以作为重要的抗肿瘤药物靶点。
研究KRAS抑制剂已经开展了近几十年,之前普遍认为该靶点难以成药,主要原因有以下两点:(1)KRAS蛋白与磷酸鸟苷(GDP或GTP)的亲和力低至皮摩尔(pM),细胞中磷酸鸟苷的浓度可以达到毫摩尔(mM)级别,这使得一般药物(磷酸鸟苷的类似物)难以与KRAS蛋白进行竞争性结合(Waters&Der,2018);(2)KRAS蛋白的磷酸鸟苷结合部位也缺乏适合其他小分子化合物结合的区域。最新研究发现,与野生型KRAS蛋白相比,小分子化合物可以针对具有KRAS-G12C突变的肿瘤有抑制作用。因为KRAS蛋白的第12位密码子靠近该蛋白的核苷结合域和催化中心,该位点发生半胱氨酸突变后,小分子化合物可以通过与半胱氨酸不可逆的共价结合来影响KRAS蛋白的功能,同时小分子化合物更倾向于与KRAS-GDP蛋白结合,降低了GTP与蛋白的亲和力(Lito,Solomon,Li,Hansen,&Rosen,2016)。
早期研发的针对KRAS-G12C肿瘤的小分子化合物ARS-853在体外表现出良好的活性,有效抑制了GDP与GTP转换,但是缺乏体内活性(Patricelli et al.,2016)。随后进一步优化结构得到ARS-1620,在体内外均表现出对KRAS-G12C肿瘤细胞良好的药理活性,而对其他KRAS基因突变细胞无明显影响(Janes et al.,2018)。目前已有多种KRAS抑制剂药物进入了临床研究的阶段,但根据目前公布的数据,在肿瘤患者中的临床药效仍有待进一步提高。因此,目前仍需要开发新一代高效安全的KRAS-G12C突变抑制剂,以更好的满足临床需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供新的哌嗪衍生物或者其所有的盐或立体异构体、其药物组合物以及其在制备KRAS G12C抑制剂。
本申请的一个或多个实施方式的化合物改善现有技术的疗效,同时降低毒副作用。
本申请的一个或多个实施方式提供了式(I)的化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体:
其中
X1为O或NH;
X2为CH2或C=O;
X3为N或CRX3;
X4为N或CH;
所述RX3为H、卤素或C1-6烷基;
R1为NRaRb或C3-12杂环基;
所述Ra和Rb各自独立地为H、C1-6烷基、C5-12芳基或C5-12杂芳基;
任选地,所述C5-12芳基和C5-12杂芳基各自独立地被1个或多个C1-6烷基取代;
R2和R3各自独立地为H、羟基、卤素或C1-6烷基;或
R2和R3与相邻的碳原子形成4至8元杂环;
所述C3-12杂环基、C5-12杂芳基和4至8元杂环各自独立地包含1、2、3或4个选自N、O或S的杂原子;
R4为卤素或C1-6烷基。
在一个或多个实施方式中,所述卤素为F、Cl、Br或I;优选地为F或Cl。
在一个或多个实施方式中,所述C1-6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基或己基。
在一个或多个实施方式中,所述C5-12芳基为苯基或萘基。
在一个或多个实施方式中,所述C5-12芳基为苯基。
一个或多个实施方式提供了化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体:
一个或多个实施方式提供了药物组合物,其包含
(1)本申请的化合物或者其盐或立体异构体;
(2)任选的一种或者多种其他活性成分;和
(3)药学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂。
一个或多个实施方式提供了本申请的化合物或者其盐或立体异构体或者本申请的药物组合物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
除非有相反的陈述,在说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语具有下述含义。
本发明所述基团和化合物中所涉及的碳、氢、氧、硫、氮或F、Cl、Br、I均包括它们的同位素情况,及本发明所述基团和化合物中所涉及的碳、氢、氧、硫或氮任选进一步被一个或多个它们对应的同位素所替代,其中碳的同位素包括12C、13C和14C,氢的同位素包括氕(H)、氘(D,又叫重氢)、氚(T,又叫超重氢),氧的同位素包括16O、17O和18O,硫的同位素包括32S、33S、34S和36S,氮的同位素包括14N和15N,氟的同位素包括17F和19F,氯的同位素包括35Cl和37Cl,溴的同位素包括79Br和81Br。
“烷基”是指1至20个碳原子(例如1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19或20个碳原子)的直链或支链饱和脂肪族烃基,优选为1至8个碳原子的烷基,更优选为1至6个碳原子的烷基,进一步优选为1至4个碳原子的烷基。非限制性实施例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、新丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、正己基及其各种支链异构体;当烷基被取代基时,可以任选进一步被1个或者多个取代基所取代。
“芳基”是指是指取代的或未取代的芳香环,其可以是5至8元(例如5、6、7、8元)的单环、5至12元(例如5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12元)双环或者10至15元(例如10、11、12、13、14、15元)三环体系,其可以是桥环或者螺环,非限制性实施例包括苯基、萘基。所述的芳基可以任选进一步被1个或者多个取代基所取代。
“杂芳基”是指取代的或未取代的芳香环,其可以是5至8元(例如5、6、7、8元)的单环、5至12元(例如5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12元)双环或者10至15元(例如10、11、12、13、14、15元)三环体系,且包含1至6个(例如1、2、3、4、5、6个)选自N、O或S的杂原子,优选3至8元(例如3、4、5、6、7、8元)杂环基,杂环基的环中选择性取代的N、S可被氧化成各种氧化态。杂环基可以连接在杂原子或者碳原子上,杂环基可以是桥环或者螺环,非限制性实施例包括环吡啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡喃基、吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、咪唑基、哌啶基苯并咪唑基、苯并吡啶基、吡咯并吡啶基。当杂芳基被取代时,可以任选进一步被1个或多个取代基所取代。
“杂环基”或“杂环”是指饱和或不饱和的杂芳环或者非杂芳环,当选自杂芳环时,其定义与上文“杂芳基”定义相同;当选自非杂芳环时,其可以是3至10元(例如3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10元)的单环、4至12元(例如4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12元)双环或者10至15元(例如10、11、12、13、14、15元)三环体系,且包含1至4个(例如1、2、3、4个)选自N、O或S的杂原子,优选3至8元杂环基。“杂环基”或“杂环”的环中选择性取代的N、S可被氧化成各种氧化态;“杂环基”或“杂环”可以连接在杂原子或者碳原子上;“杂环基”或“杂环”可以为桥环或者螺环。“杂环基”或“杂环”的非限制性实施例包括环氧乙基、环氧丙基、氮杂环丙基、氧杂环丁基、氮杂环丁基、硫杂环丁基、1,3-二氧戊环基、1,4-二氧戊环基、1,3-二氧六环基、氮杂环庚基、氧杂环庚基、硫杂环庚基、氧氮杂卓基、二氮杂卓基、硫氮杂卓基、吡啶基、哌啶基、高哌啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、吡喃基、N-烷基吡咯基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、哌嗪基、高哌嗪基、咪唑基、哌啶基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、噻噁烷基、1,3-二噻烷基、二氢呋喃基、二噻戊环基、四氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、四氢吡喃基、四氢噻喃基、四氢吡咯基、四氢咪唑基、四氢噻唑基、四氢吡喃基、苯并咪唑基、苯并吡啶基、吡咯并吡啶基、苯并二氢呋喃基、2-吡咯啉基、3-吡咯啉基、二氢吲哚基、2H-吡喃基、4H-吡喃基、二氧杂环己基、1,3-二氧戊基、吡唑啉基、二噻烷基、二噻茂烷基、二氢噻吩基、吡唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、3-氮杂双环[3.1.0]己基、3-氮杂双环[4.1.0]庚基、氮杂双环[2.2.2]己基、3H-吲哚基喹嗪基、N-吡啶基尿素、1,1-二氧硫代吗啉基、氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷基、 氮杂二环[5.2.0]壬烷基、氧杂三环[5.3.1.1]十二烷基、氮杂金刚烷基和氧杂螺[3.3]庚烷基。所述的“杂环基”或“杂环”可以任选进一步被0个或者多个取代基所取代。
当上文所述的“烷基”、“芳基”、“杂芳基”、“杂环”或者“杂环基”被取代时,可以任选进一步被0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或者10个选自F、Cl、Br、I、羟基、巯基、硝基、氰基、氨基、C1-6烷基氨基、=O、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、-NRq4Rq5、=NRq6、-C(=O)OC1-6烷基、-OC(=O)C1-6烷基、-C(=O)NRq4Rq5、C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基、C5-10杂芳基、-C(=O)OC6-10芳基、-OC(=O)C6-10芳基、-OC(=O)C5-10杂芳基、-C(=O)OC5-10杂芳基、-OC(=O)C3-8杂环烷基、-C(=O)OC3-8杂环烷基、-OC(=O)C3-8环烷基、-C(=O)OC3-8环烷基、-NHC(=O)C3-8杂环烷基、-NHC(=O)C6-10芳基、-NHC(=O)C5-10杂芳基、-NHC(=O)C3-8环烷基、-NHC(=O)C3-8杂环烷基、-NHC(=O)C2-6烯基或者-NHC(=O)C2-6炔基的取代基所取代,且其中所述的取代基C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-8环烷基、C3-8杂环烷基、C6-10芳基、C5-10杂芳基、-NHC(=O)C6-10芳基、-NHC(=O)C5-10杂芳基、-NHC(=O)C3-8杂环烷基或者-NHC(=O)C3-8环烷基任选进一步被1至3个选自OH、F、Cl、Br、I、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、-NRq4Rq5或者=O的取代基所取代;Rq1选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基或者C6-10芳基;Rq2、Rq3选自H或者C1-6烷基;Rq4、Rq5选自H、C1-6烷基、-NH(C=NRq1)NRq2Rq3、-S(=O)2NRq2Rq3、-C(=O)Rq1或者-C(=O)NRq2Rq3,其中所述的C1-6烷基任选进一步被1个或者多个选自OH、F、Cl、Br、I、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C6-10芳基、C5-10杂芳基、C3-8环烷基或者C3-8杂环烷基的取代基所取代;或者Rq4与Rq5及N原子形成一个3至8元杂环,所述的环可以含有1个或者多个选自N、O或者S的杂原子。
“药物组合物”是指一种或多种本发明所述的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或前药和其它活性组分形成的混合物,其中,“其它活性组分”是指药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂和/或一种或多种其它治疗剂。
“载体”是指不会对生物体产生明显刺激且不会消除所给予化合物的生物活性和特性的材料。
“赋形剂”是指加入到药物组合物中以促进化合物给药的惰性物质。非限制性实施例包括碳酸钙、磷酸钙、糖、淀粉、纤维素衍生物(包括微晶纤维素)、明胶、植物油、聚乙二醇类、稀释剂、成粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂和崩解剂。
“立体异构体”是指由分子中原子在空间上排列方式不同所产生的异构体,包括顺反异构体、对映异构体和构象异构体。
“任选”或“任选地”或“选择性的”或“选择性地”是指随后所述的事件或状况可以但未必发生,该描述包括其中发生该事件或状况的情况及其中未发生的情况。例如,“选择性地被烷基取代的杂环基”是指该烷基可以但未必存在,该描述包括其中杂环基被烷基取代的情况,及其中杂环基未被烷基取代的情况。
具体实施方式
以下实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围包括但是不限于此。
IC50:是指KRAS的活性受到50%抑制时化合物的浓度。
NBT:是指硝基四氮唑蓝。
实施例中无特殊说明,反应温度为室温,室温最适宜的反应温度为20℃–30℃。
实施例1
(6aR)-8-丙烯酰基-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1H-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-12-酮(化合物1)
(6aR)-8-acryloyl-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
第一步:
(R)-3-(羟甲基)-4-(2,4,6-三氯烟酰基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯1c
tert-butyl(R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(2,4,6-trichloronicotinoyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
将1a(购自成都叮当时代医药科技有限公司,4g,18mmol)在冰水浴下,缓慢滴加40mL二氯亚砜,滴加完油浴回流2h,浓缩后加入四氢呋喃(40mL),在冰水浴下滴加2-羟甲基-哌嗪1b(购自上海皓鸿生物医药科技有限公司,4.54g,21mmol)和三乙胺(3.57g,35mmol)的四氢呋喃50mL溶液),室温反应过夜。饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(100mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相浓缩,柱层析纯化得到1c(黄色固体,4.8g,产率64%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=424.10[M+1]。
第二步:
叔丁基(R)-4-(4,6-二氯-2-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)烟酰基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯1e
tert-butyl(R)-4-(4,6-dichloro-2-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)nicotinoyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
将1c(4.8g,11mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(40mL),在冰水浴下缓慢滴加双三甲基硅基胺基锂(41mL,41mmol),保持0℃搅拌30min后,缓慢滴加2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-胺1d(购自成都叮当时代医药科技有限公司,1.87g,12mmol)的四氢呋喃(20mL)溶液至反应瓶中,滴加完恢复到室温持续反应2h,反应完后用饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相浓缩,柱层析纯化得到1e(黄色固体,4.4g,产率27%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=538.20[M+1]。
第三步:
(R)-3-(羟甲基)-4-(4,5,6-三氯-2-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)烟酰基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯1f
tert-butyl(R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(4,5,6-trichloro-2-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)nicotinoyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
将1e(4.4g,8.2mmol),N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(购自成都叮当时代医药科技有限公司,1.2g,9mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(50mL)中,在70℃下回流4h,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(50mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(25mL×3)萃取,合并有机相浓缩,柱层析纯化得到1f(黄色固体,4.0g,产率85%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=572.20[M+1]。
第四步:
叔丁基(R)-3,4-二氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-12-氧代-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12氢-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-8(6氢)-羧酸盐1g
tert-butyl(R)-3,4-dichloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-12-oxo-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
将1f(4.0g,7.0mmol),溶解在四氢呋喃(40mL)中,在冰水浴下缓慢滴加双三甲基硅基胺基锂(70mL,70mmol),70℃下回流1h,饱和氯化铵水溶液(30mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(50mL×3)萃取,合并有机相浓缩,柱层析纯化得到1g(黄色固体,1.0g,产率27%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=536.20[M+1]。
第五步:
叔丁基(6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1H-吲唑-4-基)-12-氧代-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-8(6氢)-羧酸盐1i
tert-butyl(6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-12-oxo-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
将1g(250mg,0.46mmol),四(三苯基膦)钯(购自上海阿达玛斯试剂有限公司,106mg,0.09mmol),碳酸钾(254mg,1.84mmol),5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-硼酸1h(购自成都华捷明生物科技有限公司,121mg,0.69mmol)溶解在二氧六环(2.5mL),在110℃下回流4h,反应完减压浓缩后,柱层析纯化得到1i(黄色固体,200mg,收率86%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=632.30[M+1]。
第六步:
(6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-12-酮1j
(6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
将1i(200mg,0.32mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(1mL)中,在冰水浴下滴加三氟乙酸(0.25mL),反应30min,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(20mL)淬灭反应反应,二氯甲烷(10mL×3)萃取,有机相减压浓缩得到1j粗品(黄色固体,160mg,产率96%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=532.20[M+1]。
第七步:
(6aR)-8-丙烯酰基-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-12-酮(化合物1)
(6aR)-8-acryloyl-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
将1j(160mg,0.3mmol),N,N-二异丙基乙胺(310mg,2.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(2mL),在冰水浴下缓慢滴加丙烯酰氯(购自成都叮当时代医药科技有限公司,29mg,3.1mmol),反应30min,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL)淬灭,用二氯甲烷(5mL×3)萃取,减压浓缩,制备得到化合物1(白色固体,10mg,产率26%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.04(s,1H),8.31-8.26(m,1H),7.80(s,1H),7.51-7.40(m,2H),7.28-7.24(m,1H),7.21-7.08(m,1H),6.90-6.66(m,1H),6.05(dd,1H),5.63(dd,1H),4.30-4.25(s,1H),4.23-4.07(m,1H),3.92-3.79(m,1H),3.68-3.38(m,2H),3.24-3.15(m,1H),3.14-2.95(m,2H),2.86-2.79(m,1H),2.68-2.62(m,1H),2.35-2.20(m,3H),2.19-2.06(m,3H),1.23-1.14(m,6H)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=586.20[M+1]。
实施例2
1-((6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12H-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-8(6氢)-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮(化合物2)
1-((6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-8(6H)-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
第一步:
叔丁基(R)-3,4-二氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-8(6氢)-羧酸盐2a
tert-butyl(R)-3,4-dichloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
将1g(250mg,0.46mmol)溶解在四氢呋喃(2mL)中,冰水浴下滴加硼烷-四氢呋喃溶液(购自安耐吉化学,6.9mL,6.9mmol),然后再70℃下回流2h,反应完用饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL)淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯(5mL×3)萃取,减压浓缩后柱层析得到2a(黄色固体,230mg,产率95%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=522.20[M+1]。
第二步:
叔丁基(6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12H-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-8(6H)-羧酸盐2b
tert-butyl(6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
按照1i的合成方法,处理得到2b(黄色固体,100mg,产率84%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=618.30[M+1]。
第三步:
(6aR)-4-氯-N-(2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-1-胺2c
(6aR)-4-chloro-N-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-1-amine
按照1j的合成方法,处理得到2c(黄色固体,80mg,产率95%)
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=518.20[M+1]。
第四步:
1-((6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12H-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-8(6氢)-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮(化合物2)
1-((6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-8(6H)-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
按照化合物1的合成方法,处理得到化合物2(白色固体,20mg,产率21%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.06(s,1H),8.34-8.29(m,1H),7.81(s,1H),7.53-7.43(m,2H),7.30-7.27(m,1H),7.23-7.11(m,1H),6.92-6.69(m,1H),6.09(dd,1H),5.67(dd,1H),4.32-4.28(s,1H),4.26-4.09(m,1H),3.96-3.82(m,1H),3.70-3.41(m,2H),3.28-3.20(m,1H),3.17-2.98(m,2H),2.90-2.82(m,1H),2.68-2.65(m,1H),2.39-2.23(m,4H),2.21-2.08(m,4H),1.25-1.18(m,6H)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=572.30[M+1]。
实施例3
(6aR)-8-丙烯酰-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(甲基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1H-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12H-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]噁嗪-12-酮(化合物3)
(6aR)-8-acryloyl-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(methyl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
第一步:
叔丁基(R)-3,4-二氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(甲基)氨基)-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12氢-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]噁嗪-8(6H)-羧酸盐3a
tert-butyl(R)-3,4-dichloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(methyl)amino)-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
将1g(250mg,0.46mmol)溶解在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL),冰水浴下加入钠氢(25mg,2.3mmol)反应10min,缓慢滴加碘甲烷(购自上海阿达玛斯试剂有限公司,69mg,0.48mmol),滴加完室温反应30min,饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL)淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯(5ml×3)萃取,合并有机相减压浓缩,柱层析得到3a(黄色固体,150mg,产率59%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=550.20[M+1]。
第二步:
叔丁基(6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(甲基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1H-吲唑-4-基)-12-氧代-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12氢-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]噁氮杂-8(6H)-羧酸盐3b
tert-butyl(6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(methyl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-12-oxo-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
按照1i的合成方法,处理得到3b(黄色固体,120mg,产率68%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=646.30[M+1]。
第三步
(6aR)-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(甲基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-12-酮3c
(6aR)-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(methyl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
按照1j的合成方法,处理得到3c(黄色固体,90mg,产率90%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=546.20[M+1]。
第四步:
(6aR)-8-丙烯酰-4-氯-1-((2-异丙基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(甲基)氨基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]噁嗪-12-酮(化合物3)
(6aR)-8-acryloyl-4-chloro-1-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)(methyl)amino)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
按照化合物1的合成方法,处理得到化合物3(白色固体,10mg,产率10%)
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)13.05(s,1H),8.32-8.27(m,1H),7.82(s,1H),7.53-7.41(m,1H),7.29-7.25(m,1H),7.23-7.10(m,1H),6.91-6.67(m,1H),6.06(dd,1H),5.65(dd,1H),4.32-4.27(s,1H),4.25-4.09(m,1H),3.93-3.80(m,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.70-3.40(m,2H),3.26-3.16(m,1H),3.15-2.97(m,2H),2.89-2.80(m,1H),2.69-2.67(m,1H),2.37-2.23(m,3H),2.21-2.07(m,3H),1.25-1.15(m,6H)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=600.20[M+1]。
实施例4
(6aR)-8-丙烯酰-4-氯-1-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2H)-基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-12-one(化合物4)
(6aR)-8-acryloyl-4-chloro-1-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
第一步:
叔丁基(R)-4-(4,6-二氯-2-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2氢)-基)烟碱酰)-3-(羟甲基)哌嗪-1-羧酸酯4b
tert-butyl(R)-4-(4,6-dichloro-2-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)nicotinoyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
按照1e的合成方法,处理得到4b(黄色固体,1g,产率54%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=522.20[M+1]。
第二步:
叔丁基(R)-3-(羟甲基)-4-(4,5,6-三氯-2-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2氢)-基)烟碱酰)哌嗪-1-羧酸盐4c
tert-butyl(R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(4,5,6-trichloro-2-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)nicotinoyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate
按照1f的合成方法,处理得到4c(黄色固体,0.8g,产率80%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=556.10[M+1]。
第三步:
叔丁基(R)-3,4-二氯-1-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2氢)-基)-12-氧代-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12H-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]氧杂氮-8(6氢)-羧酸盐4d
tert-butyl(R)-3,4-dichloro-1-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)-12-oxo-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
按照1g的合成方法,处理得到4d(黄色固体,200mg,产率27%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=520.20[M+1]。
第四步:
叔丁基(6aR)-4-氯-1-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2氢)-基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-12-氧代-6a,7,9,10-四氢-12H-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]噁唑-8(6氢)-羧酸盐4e
tert-butyl(6aR)-4-chloro-1-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-12-oxo-6a,7,9,10-tetrahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepine-8(6H)-carboxylate
按照1i的合成方法,处理得到4e(黄色固体,200mg,产率84%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=616.20[M+1]。
第五步:
(6aR)-4-氯-1-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2氢)-基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪[2,1-c]吡啶[3,4-f][1,4]噁嗪-12-酮4f
(6aR)-4-chloro-1-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
按照1j的合成方法,处理得到4f(黄色固体,150mg,产率90%)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=516.20[M+1]。
第六步:
(6aR)-8-丙烯酰-4-氯-1-(3,4-二氢-1,5-萘啶-1(2氢)-基)-3-(5-甲基-1氢-吲唑-4-基)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-六氢-12氢-吡嗪并[2,1-c]吡啶并[3,4-f][1,4]氧氮杂-12-酮(化合物4)
(6aR)-8-acryloyl-4-chloro-1-(3,4-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-6,6a,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-12H-pyrazino[2,1-c]pyrido[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-12-one
按照化合物1的合成方法,处理得到化合物4(白色固体,10mg,产率16%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)13.01(s,1H),8.28-8.25(m,1H),7.80(s,1H),7.51-7.39(m,1H),7.25-7.16(m,3H),6.85-6.79(m,1H),6.01(dd,1H),5.61(dd,1H),4.72-4.69(s,1H),4.45-4.39(m,2H),4.27-4.24(m,2H),4.15-4.12(m,1H),3.78-3.70(m,2H),3.46-3.43(m,1H),3.38-3.26(m,2H),3.17-3.12(m,1H),2.96-2.91(m,1H),2.37(s,3H),2.10-2.05(m,1H),1.85-1.82(m,1H)。
LC-MS m/z(ESI)=570.20[M+1]。
生物学试验
软琼脂凝胶克隆形成试验
(1)底层高浓度琼脂糖凝胶层:将高浓度琼脂糖凝胶铺板于96孔板中(50μL/孔)。
(2)上层低浓度琼脂糖凝胶层:将低浓度的琼脂糖和含细胞的培养基按1:1混合后铺于底层琼脂糖凝胶层上(100μL/孔;所用细胞为NCI-H358和MiaPaca细胞,细胞量为10000细胞/孔);冷却凝固后置于37℃培养过夜。
(3)将受试化合物配制成10mM母液,用生长培养基进行倍比稀释(1:5),稀释8-10个浓度梯度(起始浓度10μM),加入含有上层琼脂凝胶-细胞的96孔中(50μL/孔);设置溶剂对照孔;每个浓度2个重复,置于二氧化碳培养箱培养10-14天。
(4)第7天更换一次含待选化合物的培养基,观察细胞克隆生长情况。
(5)培养结束后,用NBT对细胞进行染色,计算克隆形成数量,GraphPad Prism 8软件拟合IC50值。
化合物 | NCI-H358 Cell-IC<sub>50</sub> |
化合物1 | 2.4μM |
化合物2 | 1.3μM |
化合物3 | 1.9μM |
结果表明,所有化合物对细胞克隆形成的IC50<10μM,对KRAS突变肿瘤细胞具有良好的抑制效果。
本发明说明书对具体实施方案进行了详细描述,本领域技术人员应认识到,上述实施方案是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,通过对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰获得技术方案也落在本发明的权利要求书的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.式(I)的化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体:
其中
X1为O或NH;
X2为CH2或C=O;
X3为N或CRX3;
X4为N或CH;
所述RX3为H、卤素或C1-6烷基;
R1为NRaRb或C3-12杂环基;
所述Ra和Rb各自独立地为H、C1-6烷基、C5-12芳基或C5-12杂芳基;
任选地,所述C5-12芳基和C5-12杂芳基各自独立地被1个或多个C1-6烷基取代;
R2和R3各自独立地为H、羟基、卤素或C1-6烷基;或
R2和R3与相邻的碳原子形成4至8元杂环;
所述C3-12杂环基、C5-12杂芳基和4至8元杂环各自独立地包含1、2、3或4个选自N、O或S的杂原子;
R4为卤素或C1-6烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体,其中所述卤素为F、Cl、Br或I;优选地为F或Cl。
3.如权利要求1所述的化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体,其中所述C1-6烷基为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基或己基。
5.如权利要求1所述的化合物或者其药物可接受的盐或立体异构体,其中所述C5-12芳基为苯基或萘基;优选地为苯基。
9.药物组合物,其包含
(1)权利要求1至8中任一项所述的化合物或者其盐或立体异构体;
(2)任选的一种或者多种其他活性成分;和
(3)药学上可接受的载体和/或赋形剂。
10.权利要求1至8中任一项所述的化合物或者其盐或立体异构体或者权利要求9所述的药物组合物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的用途。
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