CN114538823B - Composite board and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite board and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114538823B CN114538823B CN202210274401.0A CN202210274401A CN114538823B CN 114538823 B CN114538823 B CN 114538823B CN 202210274401 A CN202210274401 A CN 202210274401A CN 114538823 B CN114538823 B CN 114538823B
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- composite board
- wetting agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/045—Polyalkenes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite boards, and particularly relates to a composite board and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% of straw ash, 5-8% of corn straw fiber, 4-6% of pure acrylic emulsion, 5-10% of butylbenzene emulsion, 7-10% of alkali-resistant emulsion, 5-10% of wetting agent and 0.5-0.8% of polyethylene powder. The composite board provided by the invention takes the straw ash as a main raw material, realizes resource recycling of the straw ash, and reduces resource waste and environmental pollution. The invention provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture; and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite boards, and particularly relates to a composite board and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy, the contradiction of relative shortage of natural energy is increasingly prominent. In order to meet the requirements of the times, the search for alternative energy sources and renewable energy sources becomes an important task in the aspect of energy development. The straws are a good clean renewable energy source, the heat value of every two tons of straws is equivalent to one ton of standard coal, and the method has important contribution to relieving and finally solving the problem of greenhouse effect in the process of recycling the biomass. Straw power generation is a power generation mode taking crop straws as main fuel, and is one of the most main forms of straw optimal utilization. Straw power generation reduces the use of fire coal for power generation while optimizing the utilization of straws.
However, the straw power generation can generate a large amount of straw ash, and the straw ash is buried, so that a large amount of land is occupied, and secondary pollution is caused to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a composite board and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
preferably, the granularity of the straw ash is 400-800 meshes.
Preferably, the diameter of the corn stalk fiber is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the length of the corn stalk fiber is 8-12 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol powder is 110 to 130 meshes.
Preferably, the wetting agent comprises an OT-75 wetting agent, a DYnOl wetting agent, a Surfynol 104E wetting agent, or a carbowet GA-100 wetting agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyvinyl alcohol powder and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board.
Preferably, the mixing comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing the straw ash and the corn straw fiber to obtain a dry mixture;
secondly, mixing the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyvinyl alcohol powder and the water to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
Preferably, the first mixing step further comprises: and grinding the straw ash.
Preferably, the forming is extrusion forming, the pressure of the extrusion forming is 800-1000 tons, and the pressure maintaining time of the extrusion forming is 4-6 min.
The invention also provides the application of the composite board in the technical scheme or the composite board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in furniture.
The invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% of straw ash, 5-8% of corn straw fiber, 4-6% of pure acrylic emulsion, 5-10% of butylbenzene emulsion, 7-10% of alkali-resistant emulsion, 5-10% of wetting agent and 0.5-0.8% of polyvinyl alcohol powder. The composite board provided by the invention takes the straw ash as a main raw material, realizes resource recycling of the straw ash, and reduces resource waste and environmental pollution. The composite board provided by the invention has good fire resistance and water resistance, and is used as a furniture board, so that the use safety of furniture is improved, the furniture has good stability, and the deformation is not easy to occur.
The invention provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyvinyl alcohol powder and water to obtain a mixture; and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the composite board provided by the invention comprises 65-75% of straw ash by mass percentage, and preferably 70-72% of straw ash by mass percentage. In the invention, the granularity of the straw ash is preferably 400-800 meshes, and more preferably 500-600 meshes. In the present invention, the straw ash is preferably straw power plant waste. In the invention, the straw ash has stable physical properties after high-temperature combustion, and the composite board prepared from the straw ash does not expand after absorbing moisture and does not shrink after drying; meanwhile, the straw ash mainly contains inorganic materials and has fire resistance.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 5-8% of corn straw fiber by mass percentage, and preferably 6-7% of corn straw fiber by mass percentage. In the invention, the diameter of the corn stalk fiber is preferably 0.1-0.3 mm, and more preferably 0.15-0.2 mm; the length of the corn stalk fiber is preferably 8-12 mm, and more preferably 9-10 mm. According to the invention, the corn straw fiber can improve the crack resistance and impact resistance of the composite board.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 4-6% of pure acrylic emulsion by mass percentage, preferably 5-5.5% of pure acrylic emulsion by mass percentage. In the invention, the acrylic latex improves the compatibility among the wetting agent, the acrylic latex, the butyl benzene latex and the alkali-resistant latex, and simultaneously improves the water resistance of the composite material.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 5-10% of butylbenzene emulsion by mass percentage, preferably 6-8%. In the invention, the combined styrene content of the butylbenzene emulsion is preferably 23-85%, and more preferably 30-80%; the relative density of the butylbenzene emulsion is preferably 0.9-1.05, and more preferably 0.95-1. In the invention, the butylbenzene emulsion can improve the compressive strength, the breaking strength and the wear resistance of the composite board.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 7-10% of alkali-resistant emulsion by mass percentage, and preferably 8-9%. In the invention, the alkali-resistant emulsion can inhibit moisture penetration, prevent pinholes and air holes from being formed on the surface of the composite board, and enable the surface of the board to be smooth and flat.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 5-10% of wetting agent, preferably 6-9% by mass. In the present invention, the wetting agent preferably comprises an OT-75 wetting agent, a Dynol wetting agent, a Surfynol 104E wetting agent, or a carbowwet GA-100 wetting agent, and more preferably an OT-75 wetting agent or a Dynol wetting agent. In the invention, the wetting agent can improve the wettability of the raw materials, is beneficial to uniformly mixing the raw materials and improves the alkali resistance of the composite board; meanwhile, the wetting agent can improve the surface permeability of the composite board.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 0.5-0.8% of polyvinyl alcohol powder by mass percentage, and preferably 0.6-0.7%. In the present invention, the particle size of the polyvinyl alcohol powder is preferably 110 to 130 mesh, and more preferably 120 mesh. In the present invention, the polyvinyl alcohol powder is preferably polyvinyl alcohol powder 2488. In the invention, the polyvinyl alcohol powder can improve the cohesive strength of the composite board, so that the board is polished finely.
In the present invention, the thickness of the composite board is preferably 1 to 2cm, more preferably 1.5 to 1.8cm.
At present, a great amount of wood is needed to be cut for producing the blockboard, water and soil loss and environment damage are caused when trees are cut, meanwhile, the blockboard is not fire-resistant and water-resistant, and fire disasters are easy to occur due to improper management in the production process; the production of particle board also requires a large amount of wood raw material and also consumes limited wood resources. The composite board prepared by taking the straw ash as the main raw material has the air permeability of solid wood and has good fire resistance and water resistance.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyvinyl alcohol powder and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board.
The invention mixes straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyvinyl alcohol powder and water to obtain a mixture. In the present invention, the mixing preferably comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing straw ash and corn straw fiber to obtain dry mixture;
secondly, mixing the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyvinyl alcohol powder and the water to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
According to the invention, the straw ash and the corn straw fiber are firstly mixed to obtain the dry mixture. In the present invention, it is preferable that the first mixing further comprises: and grinding the straw ash. In the present invention, the particle size of the straw ash after grinding is preferably 400 to 800 mesh, more preferably 500 to 600 mesh. The grinding mode is not particularly limited in the present invention as long as the desired particle size can be achieved. In an embodiment of the invention, the grinding is carried out using a three-axis roller RE175 type grinder.
In the present invention, the first mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions, and the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 300 to 500r/min, more preferably 350 to 450r/min; the stirring time is preferably 10 to 15min, more preferably 11 to 13min. The invention has no special requirements on the stirring device, and in the embodiment of the invention, the stirring is performed in a dry powder stirrer.
The invention mixes the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyvinyl alcohol powder and the water for the second time to obtain the wet mixed material. The invention has no special requirement on the water, and only needs tap water. In the present invention, the water accounts for 25 to 35% by mass of the wet mixed material, and more preferably 28 to 30% by mass of the wet mixed material. In the present invention, the second mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions, and the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 700 to 900r/min, more preferably 750 to 850r/min; the stirring time is preferably 4 to 6min, more preferably 4.5 to 5min. The present invention has no particular requirement on the means of the stirring, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the stirring is performed in a disperser.
After the dry mixture and the wet mixture are obtained, the dry mixture and the wet mixture are subjected to third mixing to obtain the mixture. In the present invention, the third mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions, and the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 700 to 900r/min, and more preferably 750 to 850r/min; the stirring time is preferably 15 to 25min, more preferably 18 to 23min. The invention has no special requirements on the stirring device, and in the embodiment of the invention, the stirring is carried out in a dry-wet stirrer.
The invention mixes the raw materials step by step to uniformly disperse the straw ash and the corn straw fiber to obtain the composite board with uniform mechanical strength.
After the mixture is obtained, the mixture is molded to obtain the composite board. In the present invention, the molding is preferably extrusion molding, and the pressure of the extrusion molding is preferably 800 to 1000 tons, and more preferably 850 to 900 tons; the pressure maintaining time for the extrusion molding is preferably 4 to 6min, and more preferably 4.5 to 5min. The apparatus for extrusion molding is not particularly required, and the extrusion platen of the extrusion molding machine is preferably 100cm × 200cm in specification.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the molding further comprises: and drying and sanding the formed plate blank in sequence. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 40-60 ℃, and more preferably 45-55 ℃; the drying time is preferably 22 to 26 hours, and more preferably 23 to 25 hours. The sanding is not specially limited, and the sanding mode which is conventional in the field is adopted.
The formaldehyde and benzene in the composite board can be removed in the drying process, so that toxic gases such as formaldehyde or benzene are prevented from being released when the composite board is used, and the safety of the composite board is improved.
The other method provided by the invention has simple production process and is easy for industrial production, and the straw ash is recycled to save resources.
The invention also provides the application of the composite board in the technical scheme or the application of the composite board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in furniture. The composite board provided by the invention has stable physical properties, and the furniture prepared by the composite board is not easy to deform; meanwhile, the composite board provided by the invention has good fire resistance and water resistance, and has higher safety when being used for preparing furniture.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Grinding the straw ash by using a three-shaft roller RE175 type grinder to obtain the straw ash with the granularity of 600 meshes; according to the mass percentage content of the composite board, stirring 70.5% of ground straw ash and 7% of corn straw fiber with the diameter of 0.2mm and the length of 10mm in a dry powder stirrer for 10min at the rotating speed of 400r/min to obtain dry mixture;
stirring 5% pure acrylic emulsion, 5% styrene-butadiene emulsion (the combined styrene content of the styrene-butadiene emulsion is 30%; the relative density of the styrene-butadiene emulsion is 0.9%), 7% alkali-resistant emulsion, 5 OT-75 wetting agent, 0.5% polyvinyl alcohol powder 2488 with the particle size of 120 meshes and water in a dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 800r/min for 5min to obtain a wet mixed material, wherein the mass percentage of the water in the total mass of the wet mixed material is 25%;
stirring the dry mixture and the wet mixture in a dry-wet stirrer for 15min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a mixture;
and extruding and forming the mixture under the pressure of 900 tons for 5min, drying at 50 ℃ for 24h, and sanding by using a sanding machine to obtain a composite board with the thickness of 2.5cm, the length of 200cm and the width of 100 cm.
Examples 2 to 3
A composite insulation was prepared as in example 1, except that the amounts of the components were used, and the amounts of the components are as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 amounts of the components of examples 1 to 3
Comparative example 1
The laminated wood board which is produced by Tamarindus indica Blaker board factories and has the thickness of 2cm, the length of 60cm and the width of 40cm is taken as a comparative example.
Comparative example 2
A pinus sylvestris board which is imported from Russia by Taoquail county decorative Material Ltd and has a thickness of 2cm, a length of 60cm and a width of 40cm was used as a comparative example.
The boards of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were processed into boards having a specification of 40cm × 40cm × 2cm, and were immersed in water for 48 hours to observe appearance and to measure water absorption, and the results thereof are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water resistance of the sheets of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 2
| Examples | Water absorption (%) | Appearance of the product |
| Example 1 | 3 | Without change |
| Example 2 | 4 | Without change |
| Example 3 | 3.5 | Without change |
| Comparative example 1 | 18.5 | Expansion loosening delamination cracking |
| Comparative example 2 | 21 | Expansion loosening delamination cracking |
As can be seen from Table 1, the composite board provided by the invention has low water absorption, does not generate the phenomenon of delamination and cracking after being soaked for a long time, and has good water resistance; the water absorption of the existing wood board is 4-6 times of that of the composite board provided by the invention.
The expansion coefficients of the sheets of examples 1 to 3 and of comparative examples 1 and 2 were measured according to the standard GB/T1934.2-1991, the results of which are given in Table 2.
TABLE 2 expansion coefficients of sheets of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2
| Examples | Coefficient of expansion (%) |
| Example 1 | 0.05 |
| Example 2 | 0.05 |
| Example 3 | 0.06 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.5 |
As can be seen from table 2, the composite board provided by the present invention has a small expansion coefficient, and the expansion coefficient of the existing wood board is more than 100 times of the expansion coefficient of the composite board provided by the present invention.
The sheets of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were processed into sheets of 10cm × 10cm × 2cm, and then placed in a 1000 ℃ combustion furnace to be burned for 15min, and the mass loss rate was measured according to GB 8624-2006, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 fire resistance of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2
| Examples | Mass loss rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 25 |
| Example 2 | 20 |
| Example 3 | 22 |
| Comparative example 1 | 80 |
| Comparative example 2 | 90 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the composite board provided by the invention does not generate ignition point, and the loss rate is only about 20-25%; however, the loss of the composite board provided by the invention is only one fourth of that of the common wood board when the wood board of the comparative example burns out.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The composite board comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the granularity of the straw ash is 400-800 meshes;
the diameter of the corn stalk fiber is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the length of the corn stalk fiber is 8-12 mm.
2. The composite board according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol powder has a particle size of 110 to 130 mesh.
3. The composite board of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent comprises OT-75 wetting agent, DYnOl wetting agent, surfynol 104E wetting agent, or carbowet GA-100 wetting agent.
4. A method of making a composite sheet material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyvinyl alcohol powder and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the mixing comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing straw ash and corn straw fiber to obtain dry mixture;
secondly, mixing the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyvinyl alcohol powder and the water to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising, prior to the first mixing: and grinding the straw ash.
7. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the molding is extrusion molding at a pressure of 800 to 1000 tons and a dwell time of 4 to 6min.
8. Use of a composite board according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a composite board produced by the method according to any one of claims 4 to 7 in furniture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274401.0A CN114538823B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Composite board and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274401.0A CN114538823B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Composite board and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114538823A CN114538823A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
| CN114538823B true CN114538823B (en) | 2022-10-21 |
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| CN202210274401.0A Active CN114538823B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Composite board and preparation method and application thereof |
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Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102745962A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-24 | 张会君 | Straw ash wall thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641405B (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-02-24 | 张会君 | A kind of wall heat insulation material and preparation method |
| CN107083080A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of stalk fiber board |
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