CN114538823A - Composite board and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite board and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114538823A CN114538823A CN202210274401.0A CN202210274401A CN114538823A CN 114538823 A CN114538823 A CN 114538823A CN 202210274401 A CN202210274401 A CN 202210274401A CN 114538823 A CN114538823 A CN 114538823A
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- composite board
- emulsion
- wetting agent
- mixture
- mixing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/045—Polyalkenes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite boards, and particularly relates to a composite board and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% of straw ash, 5-8% of corn straw fiber, 4-6% of pure acrylic emulsion, 5-10% of butylbenzene emulsion, 7-10% of alkali-resistant emulsion, 5-10% of wetting agent and 0.5-0.8% of polyethylene powder. The composite board provided by the invention takes the straw ash as a main raw material, realizes resource recycling of the straw ash, and reduces resource waste and environmental pollution. The invention provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture; and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite boards, and particularly relates to a composite board and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy, the contradiction of relative shortage of natural energy is increasingly prominent. In order to meet the requirements of the times, the search for alternative energy and renewable energy becomes an important task in the aspect of energy development. The straws are a good clean renewable energy source, the heat value of every two tons of straws is equivalent to one ton of standard coal, and the method has important contribution to relieving and finally solving the problem of greenhouse effect in the process of recycling the biomass. Straw power generation is a power generation mode taking crop straws as main fuel, and is one of the most main forms of straw optimal utilization. Straw power generation reduces the use of coal for power generation while optimizing the utilization of straw.
However, the straw power generation can generate a large amount of straw ash, and the straw ash is buried, so that a large amount of land is occupied, and secondary pollution is caused to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a composite board and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
preferably, the granularity of the straw ash is 400-800 meshes.
Preferably, the diameter of the corn straw fiber is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the length of the corn straw fiber is 8-12 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the polyethylene powder is 110-130 meshes.
Preferably, the wetting agent comprises OT-75 wetting agent, DYnOl wetting agent, Surfynol 104' E wetting agent, or carbowGA-100 wetting agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board.
Preferably, the mixing comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing straw ash and corn straw fiber to obtain dry mixture;
mixing the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyethylene powder and water for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
Preferably, the first mixing step further comprises: and grinding the straw ash.
Preferably, the forming is extrusion forming, the pressure of the extrusion forming is 800-1000 tons, and the pressure maintaining time of the extrusion forming is 4-6 min.
The invention also provides the application of the composite board in the technical scheme or the composite board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in furniture.
The invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% of straw ash, 5-8% of corn straw fiber, 4-6% of pure acrylic emulsion, 5-10% of butylbenzene emulsion, 7-10% of alkali-resistant emulsion, 5-10% of wetting agent and 0.5-0.8% of polyethylene powder. The composite board provided by the invention takes the straw ash as a main raw material, realizes resource recycling of the straw ash, and reduces resource waste and environmental pollution. The composite board provided by the invention has good fire resistance and water resistance, and is used as a furniture board, so that the use safety of furniture is improved, the furniture has good stability, and the deformation is not easy to occur.
The invention provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture; and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composite board which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the composite board provided by the invention comprises 65-75% of straw ash by mass percentage, and preferably 70-72%. In the invention, the granularity of the straw ash is preferably 400-800 meshes, and more preferably 500-600 meshes. In the present invention, the straw ash is preferably straw power plant waste. In the invention, the straw ash has stable physical properties after high-temperature combustion, and the composite board prepared from the straw ash does not expand after absorbing moisture and does not shrink after drying; meanwhile, the straw ash is mainly made of inorganic materials and has fire resistance.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 5-8% of corn straw fiber by mass percentage, and preferably 6-7%. In the invention, the diameter of the corn straw fiber is preferably 0.1-0.3 mm, and more preferably 0.15-0.2 mm; the length of the corn straw fiber is preferably 8-12 mm, and more preferably 9-10 mm. According to the invention, the corn straw fiber can improve the crack resistance and impact resistance of the composite board.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 4-6% of pure acrylic emulsion by mass percentage, and preferably 5-5.5% of pure acrylic emulsion by mass percentage. In the invention, the acrylic latex improves the compatibility among the wetting agent, the acrylic latex, the butyl benzene latex and the alkali-resistant latex, and simultaneously improves the water resistance of the composite material.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 5-10% of butylbenzene emulsion by mass percentage, and preferably 6-8%. In the invention, the combined styrene content of the styrene-butadiene emulsion is preferably 23-85%, and more preferably 30-80%; the relative density of the butylbenzene emulsion is preferably 0.9-1.05, and more preferably 0.95-1. In the invention, the styrene-butadiene emulsion can improve the compressive strength, the breaking strength and the wear resistance of the composite board.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 7-10% of alkali-resistant emulsion by mass percentage, and preferably 8-9%. In the invention, the alkali-resistant emulsion can inhibit moisture penetration, prevent pinholes and air holes from being formed on the surface of the composite board, and enable the surface of the board to be smooth and flat.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 5-10% of wetting agent by mass percentage, and preferably 6-9%. In the present invention, the wetting agent preferably comprises an OT-75 wetting agent, a Dynol wetting agent, a Surfynol 104E wetting agent, or a carbowwet GA-100 wetting agent, and more preferably an OT-75 wetting agent or a Dynol wetting agent. In the invention, the wetting agent can improve the wettability of the raw materials, is beneficial to uniformly mixing the raw materials and improves the alkali resistance of the composite board; meanwhile, the wetting agent can improve the surface permeability of the composite board.
The composite board provided by the invention comprises 0.5-0.8% of polyethylene powder by mass percentage, and preferably 0.6-0.7%. In the present invention, the particle size of the polyethylene powder is preferably 110 to 130 mesh, and more preferably 120 mesh. In the present invention, the polyvinyl alcohol powder is preferably polyvinyl alcohol powder 2488. In the invention, the polyethylene powder can improve the cohesive strength of the composite board, so that the board is polished to be fine.
In the invention, the thickness of the composite board is preferably 1-2 cm, and more preferably 1.5-1.8 cm.
At present, a great amount of wood is needed to be cut for producing the blockboard, water and soil loss and environment damage are caused when trees are cut, meanwhile, the blockboard is not fire-resistant and water-resistant, and fire disasters are easy to occur due to improper management in the production process; the production of particle board also requires a large amount of wood raw material and also consumes limited wood resources. The composite board prepared by taking the straw ash as the main raw material has the air permeability of solid wood and has good fire resistance and water resistance.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite board in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board.
The invention mixes straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture. In the present invention, the mixing preferably comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing straw ash and corn straw fiber to obtain dry mixture;
mixing the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyethylene powder and water for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
According to the invention, the straw ash and the corn straw fiber are firstly mixed to obtain the dry mixture. In the present invention, it is preferable that the first mixing further comprises: and grinding the straw ash. In the invention, the granularity of the ground straw ash is preferably 400-800 meshes, and more preferably 500-600 meshes. The grinding mode is not particularly limited in the present invention as long as the desired particle size can be achieved. In an embodiment of the invention, the grinding is carried out using a three-axis roller RE175 type grinder.
In the invention, the first mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 300-500 r/min, and more preferably 350-450 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 10-15 min, and more preferably 11-13 min. The invention has no special requirements on the stirring device, and in the embodiment of the invention, the stirring is performed in a dry powder stirrer.
The invention mixes the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyethylene powder and the water for the second time to obtain the wet mixed material. The invention has no special requirement on the water, and only needs tap water. In the invention, the water accounts for 25-35% of the wet mixed material by mass, and is more preferably 28-30%. In the invention, the second mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 700-900 r/min, and more preferably 750-850 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 4-6 min, and more preferably 4.5-5 min. The present invention has no particular requirement on the means for the stirring, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the stirring is performed in a disperser.
After the dry mixture and the wet mixture are obtained, the dry mixture and the wet mixture are subjected to third mixing to obtain the mixture. In the invention, the third mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 700-900 r/min, and more preferably 750-850 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 15-25 min, and more preferably 18-23 min. The invention has no special requirements on the stirring device, and in the embodiment of the invention, the stirring is carried out in a dry-wet stirrer.
The invention mixes the raw materials step by step to uniformly disperse the straw ash and the corn straw fiber to obtain the composite board with uniform mechanical strength.
After the mixture is obtained, the composite board is obtained by molding the mixture. In the invention, the molding is preferably extrusion molding, and the pressure of the extrusion molding is preferably 800-1000 tons, and more preferably 850-900 tons; the pressure maintaining time for the extrusion forming is preferably 4-6 min, and more preferably 4.5-5 min. The apparatus for extrusion molding is not particularly required, and the extrusion platen of the extrusion molding machine is preferably 100cm × 200cm in specification.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the molding further comprises: and drying and sanding the formed plate blank in sequence. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 40-60 ℃, and more preferably 45-55 ℃; the drying time is preferably 22-26 hours, and more preferably 23-25 hours. The sanding is not specially limited, and the sanding mode which is conventional in the field is adopted.
The formaldehyde and benzene in the composite board can be removed in the drying process, so that toxic gases such as formaldehyde or benzene are prevented from being released when the composite board is used, and the safety of the composite board is improved.
The other method provided by the invention has simple production process and is easy for industrial production, and the straw ash is recycled to save resources.
The invention also provides the application of the composite board in the technical scheme or the composite board prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in furniture. The composite board provided by the invention has stable physical properties, and is used for the prepared furniture to be not easy to deform; meanwhile, the composite board provided by the invention has good fire resistance and water resistance, and has higher safety when being used for preparing furniture.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Grinding the straw ash by using a three-shaft roller RE175 type grinder to obtain the straw ash with the granularity of 600 meshes; according to the mass percentage content of the composite board, stirring 70.5% of ground straw ash and 7% of corn straw fiber with the diameter of 0.2mm and the length of 10mm in a dry powder stirrer for 10min at the rotating speed of 400r/min to obtain dry mixture;
stirring 5% of pure acrylic emulsion, 5% of styrene-butadiene emulsion (the combined styrene content of the styrene-butadiene emulsion is 30%; the relative density of the styrene-butadiene emulsion is 0.9%), 7% of alkali-resistant emulsion, 5% of OT-75 wetting agent, 0.5% of polyethylene powder 2488 with the particle size of 120 meshes and water in a dispersion machine for 5min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a wet mixed material, wherein the mass of the water accounts for 25% of the total mass of the wet mixed material;
stirring the dry mixture and the wet mixture in a dry-wet stirrer for 15min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to obtain a mixture;
and extruding and molding the mixture for 5min under the pressure of 900 tons, drying for 24h at 50 ℃, and sanding by using a sander to obtain a composite board with the thickness of 2.5cm, the length of 200cm and the width of 100 cm.
Examples 2 to 3
A composite insulation was prepared as in example 1, except that the amounts of the components were used, and the amounts of the components are as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 amounts of the components of examples 1-3
Comparative example 1
A blockboard manufactured by Taquinua red star blockboard factories in Taquinua county and having a thickness of 2cm, a length of 60cm and a width of 40cm is used as a comparative example.
Comparative example 2
A pinus camphorata board having a thickness of 2cm, a length of 60cm and a width of 40cm, imported from Russia by Taquinua county decorative materials Ltd, was used as a comparative example.
The plates of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were processed into plates having a specification of 40cm × 40cm × 2cm, and were immersed in water for 48 hours to observe the appearance and to measure the water absorption rate, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water resistance of the sheets of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 2
| Examples | Water absorption (%) | Appearance of the product |
| Example 1 | 3 | Without change |
| Example 2 | 4 | Without change |
| Example 3 | 3.5 | Without change |
| Comparative example 1 | 18.5 | Expansion loosening and delamination cracking |
| Comparative example 2 | 21 | Expansion loosening and delamination cracking |
As can be seen from Table 1, the composite board provided by the invention has low water absorption, does not generate the phenomenon of delamination and cracking after being soaked for a long time, and has good water resistance; the water absorption rate of the existing wood board is 4-6 times of that of the composite board provided by the invention.
The expansion coefficients of the sheets of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were measured according to GB/T1934.2-1991, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 expansion coefficients of sheets of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2
| Examples | Coefficient of expansion (%) |
| Example 1 | 0.05 |
| Example 2 | 0.05 |
| Example 3 | 0.06 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.5 |
As can be seen from table 2, the composite board provided by the present invention has a small expansion coefficient, and the expansion coefficient of the existing wood board is more than 100 times that of the composite board provided by the present invention.
The sheets of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were processed into sheets of 10cm × 10cm × 2cm, and then placed in a 1000 ℃ combustion furnace for 15min to be subjected to mass loss rate measurement according to GB 8624-2006, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 fire resistance of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1, 2
| Examples | Mass loss rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 25 |
| Example 2 | 20 |
| Example 3 | 22 |
| Comparative example 1 | 80 |
| Comparative example 2 | 90 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the composite board provided by the invention does not generate ignition point, and the loss rate is only about 20-25%; however, the loss of the composite board provided by the invention is only one fourth of that of the common wood board when the wood board of the comparative example burns out.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite board comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the composite board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw ash has a particle size of 400-800 mesh.
3. The composite board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn stalk fiber has a diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm and a length of 8-12 mm.
4. The composite board according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene powder has a particle size of 110 to 130 mesh.
5. The composite board of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent comprises OT-75 wetting agent, DYnOl wetting agent, Surfynol 104' E wetting agent, or carbowGA-100 wetting agent.
6. A method of making a composite sheet material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, including the steps of:
mixing straw ash, corn straw fiber, pure acrylic emulsion, butylbenzene emulsion, alkali-resistant emulsion, wetting agent, polyethylene powder and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite board.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing straw ash and corn straw fiber to obtain dry mixture;
mixing the pure acrylic emulsion, the butylbenzene emulsion, the alkali-resistant emulsion, the wetting agent, the polyethylene powder and water for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising, prior to the first mixing: and grinding the straw ash.
9. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the molding is extrusion molding at a pressure of 800 to 1000 tons and a dwell time of 4 to 6 min.
10. Use of the composite board according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the composite board prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in furniture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274401.0A CN114538823B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Composite board and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210274401.0A CN114538823B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Composite board and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114538823A true CN114538823A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
| CN114538823B CN114538823B (en) | 2022-10-21 |
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| CN202210274401.0A Active CN114538823B (en) | 2022-03-21 | 2022-03-21 | Composite board and preparation method and application thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102745962A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-24 | 张会君 | Straw ash wall thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641405A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-19 | 张会君 | Novel wall heat insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107083080A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of stalk fiber board |
-
2022
- 2022-03-21 CN CN202210274401.0A patent/CN114538823B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102745962A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-10-24 | 张会君 | Straw ash wall thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641405A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-19 | 张会君 | Novel wall heat insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107083080A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of stalk fiber board |
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| CN114538823B (en) | 2022-10-21 |
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