CN114536200B

CN114536200B - Separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole piece

Info

Publication number: CN114536200B
Application number: CN202210048005.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱华炳; 胡翔宇; 平开朗; 汪磊; 张春晨
Original assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hefei University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-01-17
Filing date: 2022-01-17
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-17
Also published as: CN114536200A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery recovery treatment, and discloses a waste battery pole piece surface layer object separator which comprises a stand, a support rod fixed on the top surface of the stand and a top plate fixed on the top of the support rod, wherein a high-frequency vibration unit is arranged at the top of the stand, a separation screening unit is arranged at the top of the high-frequency vibration unit, and the high-frequency vibration unit provides mechanical vibration for the separation screening unit; the top of the top plate is provided with a battery pole piece rotating power unit, the power output end of the battery pole piece rotating power unit is connected with at least one group of battery pole piece clamping units, and the grinding materials in the separation screening units realize the separation of the surface materials of the battery pole pieces. The invention realizes continuous feeding and continuous vibrating grinding separation of the electrode plates to be separated, automatic screening, continuous discharging and separate collection of the size and the size grades of the separated matters, does not cause obvious mechanical damage to the electrode plates, and has the advantages of high separation rate of the surface matters of the electrode plates, high working efficiency and safe operation.

Description

Separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole piece

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery recovery treatment, in particular to a separator for surface layer matters of a waste battery pole piece.

Background

New energy batteries have become one of the key development directions for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction in countries around the world since the 21 st century. In recent years, new energy automobile industry in China is rapidly developed under the support of government policy. By 2020, new energy automobiles in China have annual output of 200 ten thousand, and the accumulated output exceeds 50 ten thousand. With the rapid increase of the usage amount of the new energy automobile, the scrapping amount of the power battery is increased year by year. By 2020, the accumulated scrapping amount of the power battery in China can reach 12-17 ten thousand tons.

Meanwhile, in the production process of the power battery, a large number of pole pieces cannot meet the quality requirement and become unqualified products due to improper operation, uneven coating, partial stripping, unqualified size and the like, and the unqualified products are generally treated as waste materials. If the waste power battery is disposed of improperly, the organic matters and noble metals contained in the waste power battery can form potential threat to the environment, and on the other hand, the aluminum and lithium iron phosphate in the positive plate of the waste power battery, the copper and graphite in the negative plate and the like have extremely high recovery values. Therefore, research on the mechanism of harmless recovery of the waste power battery is urgent. If the waste batteries can be recycled, the damage to the ecological environment of people can be reduced, and resources are saved.

In the prior art, the separation between the surface layer matters of the waste battery pole pieces and the battery pole pieces is realized by mechanical oscillation or impact after heating, so that the separation is not enough and thorough, the deformation or damage of the battery pole pieces can be caused, and the inconvenience is brought to the recycling of the battery pole pieces; and the particle sizes of the surface layer substances obtained by separation are uneven, the individual differences are large, the subsequent separation of different components in the surface layer substances can be realized only by further grinding and crushing, and the labor capacity of separation work is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a waste battery pole piece surface material separator, which realizes continuous feeding and continuous vibrating grinding separation of an electrode piece to be separated, automatic screening, continuous discharging and separate collection of the size and the size grades of the separated matters, does not cause obvious mechanical damage to the battery pole piece, and has the advantages of high separation rate of the electrode piece surface material, high working efficiency and safe operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:

the surface layer material separator for the waste battery pole pieces comprises a machine base, a supporting rod fixed on the top surface of the machine base and a top plate fixed on the top of the supporting rod, wherein a high-frequency vibration unit is arranged at the top of the machine base, a separation screening unit is arranged at the top of the high-frequency vibration unit, and the high-frequency vibration unit provides mechanical vibration for the separation screening unit;

the top of roof is provided with battery pole piece rotary power unit, battery pole piece rotary power unit's power take off end is connected with at least a set of battery pole piece clamping unit, battery pole piece clamping unit centre gripping is waited to separate the battery pole piece of handling and is got into or send out in the high frequency oscillation unit, and battery pole piece rotary power unit drive battery pole piece clamping unit rotates, under the compound motion of horizontal rotation and vertical reciprocal vibrations, separates the abrasive material in the screening unit and acts on the surface of battery pole piece in order to realize the separation of battery pole piece top layer thing, and the particulate matter after the separation realizes the hierarchical screening of size through separating the screening unit.

Further, the high-frequency vibration unit comprises a vibration table fixed at the top of the machine base and a high-frequency vibration motor fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vibration table, and a plurality of buffer hydraulic cylinders are fixedly arranged at the top of the vibration table.

Further, separation screening unit includes a separating drum, the double-deck screen cloth of fixed connection in the inboard bottom of separating drum at buffering pneumatic cylinder top, the outer wall of separating drum is fixedly connected with respectively and is located the first unloading passageway at double-deck screen cloth top, is located the second unloading passageway at double-deck screen cloth middle part and is located the third unloading passageway at double-deck screen cloth bottom.

Further, the inside diapire center department of separating drum is provided with the spliced pole, double-deck screen cloth includes bottom open-ended adapter sleeve, fixed set up in the first screen cloth at adapter sleeve top and fixed set up in the second screen cloth of adapter sleeve bottom, the adapter sleeve is fixed to cup joint at the top of spliced pole, double-deck screen cloth hangs in the middle part of separating drum.

Further, the outer wall of first screen cloth and second screen cloth all laminates with the inner wall of separating drum, a plurality of first sieve meshes have been seted up on the first screen cloth, a plurality of second sieve meshes have been seted up on the second screen cloth, and the aperture of first sieve mesh is greater than the aperture of second sieve mesh.

Further, the top of frame is provided with respectively and is located first receiving groove under the discharge gate of first unloading passageway, is located the second receiving groove under the discharge gate of second unloading passageway and is located the third receiving groove under the discharge gate of third unloading passageway.

Further, the battery pole piece rotating power unit comprises a station switching mechanism and a power transmission mechanism;

the station switching mechanism comprises a motor bracket fixedly arranged on the top plate, a first driving motor fixedly arranged on the motor bracket, a first driving gear fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the first driving motor, and a first driven gear meshed with the first driving gear, wherein the first driven gear is rotationally embedded in the top surface of the top plate;

the power transmission mechanism comprises a mounting disc fixedly mounted on the top surface of the first driven gear, a second driving motor fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the top of the mounting disc, a second driving gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second driving motor, and at least one second driven gear meshed with the second driving gear, wherein the bottom surface of the second driven gear is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, and the bottom end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the first driven gear and is fixedly connected with a connecting disc.

Further, the battery pole piece rotary power unit further comprises a clutch switching mechanism, the clutch switching mechanism comprises a chute support and a hydraulic cylinder which are respectively fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the top of the mounting plate, and a sliding plate which is embedded in the bottom of the chute support in a sliding manner, the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the side surface of the sliding plate, and the transmission shaft is movably lapped in the chute support and rotatably arranged in the sliding plate.

Furthermore, a chute is arranged at the top of the chute support, and a thrust bearing movably lapped in the chute and a rolling bearing embedded in the sliding plate are respectively sleeved outside the transmission shaft.

Further, the battery pole piece clamping unit comprises two mechanical claws which are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting disc and symmetrically arranged.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. according to the invention, the high-frequency vibration unit is arranged below the separation barrel to provide higher-frequency vertical mechanical reciprocating vibration for the separation barrel, the battery pole piece clamping unit is arranged to clamp the battery pole piece and is arranged in the separation barrel, and the battery pole piece clamping unit is driven by the battery pole piece rotating power unit to continuously rotate at a high speed, so that the grinding materials in the separation barrel act on the surface of the battery pole piece under the combined motion of horizontal rotation and vertical reciprocating vibration to realize the grinding separation of the surface material of the battery pole piece, so that the separation between the surface material of the battery pole piece and the battery pole piece is more sufficient and thorough, no obvious mechanical damage is caused to the battery pole piece, and the battery pole piece is convenient to directly recycle;

2. according to the invention, by arranging the station switching mechanism and the clutch switching mechanism, the synchronous switching between the grinding separation station in the separation cylinder and the feeding and discharging stations outside the separation cylinder can be realized by the plurality of battery pole piece clamping units, the battery pole piece clamping units positioned at the separation station are in a rotating state, and the battery pole piece clamping units positioned at the feeding and discharging stations are in a non-rotating state, so that the feeding and clamping of the battery pole piece to be separated and the discharging and removing of the separated battery pole piece are convenient, the synchronous carrying out of continuous feeding and continuous vibration separation of the pole piece to be separated is realized, the continuous production operation is realized, and the working efficiency is greatly improved;

3. according to the invention, the double-layer screen is arranged in the separating cylinder, the inner space of the separating cylinder can be divided into three parts, the upper screen and the lower screen adopt screen holes with two sizes, three-stage screening of the ground separation objects can be realized, three independent discharging channels are arranged on the side wall of the separating cylinder, continuous discharging of the separation objects with different sizes in the three spaces of the separating cylinder can be realized, and the separation and collection mode is adopted, so that the subsequent selective further processing treatment of the separation objects with partial sizes is facilitated, the secondary processing workload of the separation objects is reduced, the collection position is positioned outside the separation position, and the collection operation safety is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention with the protective cover removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the separation screening unit;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the separating cylinder;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the double-layer screen;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the top plate;

fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the first driven gear in a top view;

fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the first driven gear in a bottom view;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the mounting plate;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the connection between the transmission shaft and the clutch switching mechanism;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the mechanical gripper.

In the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a supporting rod 11, a top plate 12, a high-frequency vibration unit 2, a vibration table 21, a high-frequency vibration motor 22, a buffer hydraulic cylinder 23, a separation screening unit 3, a separation cylinder 31, a connecting column 311, a double-layer screen 32, a connecting sleeve 321, a first screen 322, a second screen 323, a first screen 324, a second screen 325, a first blanking channel 33, a second blanking channel 34, a third blanking channel 35, a first receiving groove 36, a second receiving groove 37, a third receiving groove 38, a 4-battery pole rotating power unit, a 41-station switching mechanism, a 411-motor bracket, a first driving motor 412, a first driving gear 413, a first driven gear 414, a power transmission mechanism 42, a mounting plate 421, a second driving motor 422, a second driving gear 423, a second driven gear 424, a transmission shaft 425, a connecting disc 426, a 43 clutch switching mechanism 431, a chute bracket, a 432 clutch hydraulic cylinder, a 433, a 5-battery pole clamping unit 51, a claw frame 52V-shaped pole, a 53 first connecting rod, a 54 second connecting rod, a 55 spring, a 56 clamping block, a 57, a third connecting rod and 6.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a separator for surface layer matters of a waste battery pole piece comprises a machine base 1, a supporting rod 11 fixed on the top surface of the machine base 1, and a top plate 12 fixed on the top of the supporting rod 11. The frame 1 is a rectangular frame formed by splicing and welding profile steel, and the four corners of the bottom surface of the frame 1 are respectively provided with an adjusting support leg with a buffer pad at the bottom, so that the pose of the frame 1 is adjusted, the stability of the frame in a working state is ensured, and the impact of equipment on the ground and the noise amount generated in the working state are reduced. The four support rods 1 are made of square steel sections and are fixedly connected to four corners of the top surface of the machine base 1 through bolts respectively. The top plate 12 is a rectangular steel plate, the length and width dimensions of which are equivalent to those of the stand 1, and is fixedly connected with the four support rods 1 through bolts.

The top of the machine base 1 is provided with a high-frequency vibration unit 2. As shown in fig. 3, the high-frequency vibration unit 2 includes a vibration table 21 fixed to the top of the machine base 1, and a high-frequency vibration motor 22 fixedly installed to the bottom of the vibration table 21. The vibration table 21 is a hollow box structure with an opening at the bottom, and free vibration generated when the high-frequency vibration motor 22 works is converted into continuous vertical reciprocating vibration with a large area on the top surface of the vibration table 21. Four buffer hydraulic cylinders 23 are fixedly arranged at the top of the vibration table 21, the output rod ends of the buffer hydraulic cylinders 23 are downwards fixedly connected to the top surface of the vibration table 21, and springs are sleeved on the outer sides of the output rods.

The top of the high-frequency oscillation unit 2, namely the cylinder body ends of the four buffer hydraulic cylinders 23, are provided with a separation screening unit 3, and the high-frequency oscillation unit 2 provides mechanical vibration for the separation screening unit 3. In the working state, the buffer hydraulic cylinders 23 can buffer the vibration of the vibration table 21 to a certain extent, and the separation screening unit 3 at the top of the buffer hydraulic cylinders can be lifted by controlling the synchronous expansion and contraction of the four buffer hydraulic cylinders 23.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the separation screening unit 3 includes a separation cylinder 31 fixedly connected to the top of the buffer cylinder 23, and a double screen mesh 32 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inside of the separation cylinder 31. The separating drum 31 is a hollow cylinder with an opening at the top, and contains abrasive materials (such as resin particles, and good grinding force and finishing degree after grinding) for grinding surface substances (lithium iron phosphate in the positive electrode plate and graphite in the negative electrode plate) attached to the surface of the battery electrode plate. The inner bottom wall center of the separating tube 31 is provided with a connecting column 311, and the double-layer screen 32 comprises a connecting sleeve 321 with an opening at the bottom, a first screen 322 fixedly arranged at the top of the connecting sleeve 321, and a second screen 323 fixedly arranged at the bottom of the connecting sleeve 321. In this embodiment, the connecting sleeve 321, the first screen 322 and the second screen 323 are integrally formed.

The connecting sleeve 321 is fixedly sleeved at the top of the connecting column 311, the double-layer screen mesh 32 is suspended at the middle part of the separating drum 31, the outer walls of the first screen mesh 322 and the second screen mesh 323 are attached to the inner wall of the separating drum 31, and then the inner cavity of the separating drum 31 is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the double-layer screen mesh 32. Preferably, the first screen 322 is provided with a plurality of first screen holes 324, the second screen 323 is provided with a plurality of second screen holes 325, and the aperture of the first screen holes 324 is larger than that of the second screen holes 325. When the battery pole piece positioned in the separating drum 31 and above the double-layer screen 32 acts on the abrasive in the separating drum 31, the formed granular material is blocked and stopped on the top surface of the first screen 332 or on the top surface of the second screen 323 after passing through the first screen holes 324 or further passes through the second screen holes 325 according to the size of the size, and then is stopped at the inner bottom end of the separating drum 31, so that three-level screening of the surface layer separation of the battery pole piece is realized.

The outer wall of the separating drum 31 is respectively provided with a discharge hole corresponding to the three spaces, and the discharge holes are respectively and fixedly connected with a first discharging channel 33, a second discharging channel 34 and a third discharging channel 35, so that the feed inlet of the first discharging channel 33 is positioned at the top of the double-layer screen 32, the feed inlet of the second discharging channel 34 is positioned at the middle of the double-layer screen 32, and the feed inlet of the third discharging channel 35 is positioned at the bottom of the double-layer screen 32. The first blanking channel 33, the second blanking channel 34 and the third blanking channel 35 are arc-shaped channels which are bent downwards, so that the surface layer separators of the battery pole piece after screening and grading are communicated with the abrasive materials to be respectively collected through the three channels. Preferably, the feeding openings of the three blanking channels are provided with drawable baffles or electronic gates so as to respectively control the on-off of the feeding openings of each blanking channel.

Further, the top of the vibration table 21 is respectively provided with a first receiving groove 36 located under the discharge port of the first blanking channel 33, a second receiving groove 37 located under the discharge port of the second blanking channel 34, and a third receiving groove 38 located under the discharge port of the third blanking channel 35, so that powder sent out by the three blanking channels can be collected in the three receiving grooves, concentrated treatment is performed after collection, and separation of the surface layer separator of the battery pole piece from the abrasive is performed, the surface layer separator of the battery pole piece is recycled, and the abrasive is thrown into the separating cylinder 31 for recycling. The continuous vibration of the vibration table 21 in the working state can also automatically flatten and enrich the powder in each receiving groove.

The top of the top plate 12 is provided with a battery pole piece rotating power unit 4. As shown in fig. 3, the battery pole piece rotary power unit 4 includes a station switching mechanism 41 and a power transmission mechanism 42. The station switching mechanism 41 comprises a motor bracket 411 fixedly arranged on the top plate 12, a first driving motor 412 fixedly arranged on the motor bracket 411, a first driving gear 413 fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the first driving motor 412, and a first driven gear 414 in meshed connection with the first driving gear 413. In order to precisely control the single rotation angle of the first driven gear 414, the first driving unit 412 employs a stepping motor or a servo motor.

The first driven gear 414 is rotatably fitted into the top surface of the top plate 12. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, a circular caulking groove is formed on the top surface of the top plate 12, and a through hole is formed in the circular caulking groove; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, an annular protrusion is fixedly disposed on the bottom end surface of the first driven gear 414, and the outer diameter of the annular protrusion is matched with the inner diameter of the circular caulking groove, so that the first driven gear 414 can freely rotate on the top plate 12 after the annular protrusion is embedded into the circular caulking groove. As shown in fig. 11, to effectively reduce the working load of the first driving motor 412, annular rolling grooves are formed on opposite sides of the circular caulking groove and the annular protrusion, balls are disposed in the rolling grooves, and meanwhile, the center of the first driven gear 414 is of a hollow structure, so that the weight of the first driving motor is reduced, and the moment during starting operation is reduced.

The power transmission mechanism 42 comprises a mounting plate 421 fixedly mounted on the top surface of the first driven gear 414, a second driving motor 422 fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the top of the mounting plate 421, a second driving gear 423 fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second driving motor 422, and at least one (2 in this embodiment) of the driving gears 423 in meshed connection with the second driving gear 423

And the bottom surface of the second driven gear 424 is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft 425, and the bottom end of the transmission shaft 425 penetrates through the first driven gear 414 and is fixedly connected with a connecting disc 426. As shown in fig. 10, the mounting plate 421 is a cylindrical shell structure with an opening at the bottom, and a flange is disposed at the periphery of the bottom end of the outer wall and fixedly mounted on the top surface of the first driven gear 414 by bolts. In order to provide continuous and powerful power for the separation process of the surface matters of the battery pole pieces, the second driving motor 422 adopts a three-phase alternating current motor, and the second driving motor 422 is positioned in the through holes of the top plate 12 and the first driven gear 414, so that the whole structure of the device is compact.

The battery pole piece rotary power unit 4 further includes a clutch switching mechanism 43. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the clutch switching mechanism 43 includes a chute support 431 and a clutch hydraulic cylinder 432 which are respectively and fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the top of the mounting plate 421, and a slide plate 433 which is slidably embedded in the bottom of the chute support 431, wherein the output shaft end of the clutch hydraulic cylinder 432 is fixedly connected with the side surface of the slide plate 433, and a transmission shaft 425 is movably lapped in the chute support 431 and rotatably arranged in the slide plate 433. Specifically, a sliding groove is formed at the top of the sliding groove support 431, and a thrust bearing movably overlapped in the sliding groove and a rolling bearing embedded in the sliding plate 433 are respectively sleeved outside the transmission shaft 425. The sliding plate 433 is slidably connected with the sliding groove support 431 through a dovetail groove, and the sliding plate 433 can be driven to horizontally move in the sliding groove support 431 through the expansion and contraction of a piston rod of the clutch hydraulic cylinder 432, so that the transmission shaft 425 and the second driven gear 424 on the transmission shaft are pushed to approach the second driving gear 423 to realize meshing connection or to be far away from the second driving gear 423 to realize power interruption, and therefore one second driven gear 424 is in a meshing transmission state, and the other second driven gears 424 are in a non-transmission state. Preferably, the side wall of the mounting plate 421 is provided with a notch, and the chute support 431 and the slide 433 are located in the notch.

The surface of the first driven gear 414 is provided with a waist-shaped hole (as shown in fig. 8) arranged along the radial direction of the first driven gear, and the transmission shaft 425 is positioned in the waist-shaped hole, so that the first driven gear 414 cannot interfere with the horizontal movement of the transmission shaft 425. The top plate 12 is fixedly connected with the protective cover 6 positioned at the outer side of the battery pole piece rotating power unit 4 in the sea so as to prevent the battery pole piece rotating power unit 4 from being exposed outside and play a role in protection.

A group of battery pole piece clamping units 5 are connected to each power output end of the battery pole piece rotating power unit 4, namely, the bottom end of the connecting disc 426. The battery pole piece clamping unit 5 comprises two mechanical claws which are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting disc 426 and symmetrically arranged. As shown in fig. 13, the robot hand includes a hand frame 51 fixedly coupled to the bottom surface of the connection pad 426, and V-bars 52 symmetrically provided at both sides of the hand frame 51. The middle part of each V-shaped rod 52 is hinged with the paw frame 51, the upper end of each V-shaped rod 52 is hinged with a first connecting rod 53, the other ends of the two first connecting rods 53 are respectively hinged with two ends of a second connecting rod 54, the bottom surface of the second connecting rod 54 is fixedly connected with a telescopic spring 55, and the other ends of the telescopic springs 55 are fixedly connected with the paw frame 51; the other end of each V-shaped rod 52 is hinged with a clamping block 56, the inner side of the top of the clamping block 56 is hinged with a third connecting rod 57, the other end of the third connecting rod 57 is hinged on the paw frame 51, and the paw frame 51, the V-shaped rods 52, the clamping block 56 and the third connecting rod 57 form a four-bar mechanism. When the second connecting rod 54 moves downwards under the action of external force, the telescopic springs 55 are compressed, the top ends of the two V-shaped rods 52 are close to each other, the bottom ends of the two V-shaped rods are outwards opened, the two clamping blocks 56 are separated from each other under the cooperation of the third connecting rod 57, and at the moment, a battery pole piece to be separated can be vertically placed between the two clamping blocks 56; when the pressure on the second link 54 is released, the second link 54 is pushed upward by the self restoring force of the extension spring 55 and restored, and the two clamping blocks 56 approach each other and clamp the battery pole piece.

The application process of the invention is as follows:

(1) Starting: after the device is started, the high-frequency vibration motor 22 is started to provide continuous mechanical oscillation, and the second driving motor 422 is started to provide continuous rotation power;

(2) Clamping a battery pole piece to be separated: at the loading and unloading station outside the separating cylinder 31, the piston rod of the clutch hydraulic cylinder 432 at the corresponding side is in an extending state, and then the corresponding second driven gear 424 is separated from the second driving gear 423 and is in a non-rotating state; the two clamping blocks 56 are separated from each other to be opened by manually pressing the second connecting rod 54 on the mechanical gripper, one side of the top of the battery pole piece is placed between the two clamping blocks 56, the two clamping blocks 56 automatically clamp the battery clamping piece when the second connecting rod 54 is loosened, and the other mechanical gripper clamps the other end of the top of the battery pole piece in the same way;

(3) Switching stations and performing grinding work: starting the four buffer hydraulic cylinders 23 to synchronously shrink to drive the separating cylinder 31 to descend so that the top end of the separating cylinder 31 is positioned below the battery pole piece; starting the first driving motor 412 to work, wherein the first driving motor 412 drives the first driving gear 413 to rotate for a certain number of turns to enable the first driven gear 413 to rotate for 180 degrees, the battery pole piece clamping unit 5 clamping the battery pole piece is positioned right above the separating drum 31, and the battery pole piece clamping unit 5 positioned right above the separating drum 31 before is switched to an outer side feeding and discharging station of the separating drum 31; starting four buffer hydraulic cylinders 23 to extend synchronously, and lifting a separating cylinder 31 to enable a battery pole piece to be inserted into the abrasive; the clutch hydraulic cylinder 432 on the side works reversely, so that the piston rod is in a contracted state, the corresponding second driven gear 424 is separated from the second driving gear 423 and is in a meshed rotation state, the second driven gear 424 drives the battery pole piece at the bottom of the second driven gear 424 to continuously rotate at a high speed in the separating cylinder, and under the combined movement of horizontal rotation and vertical reciprocating vibration, the abrasive in the separating cylinder 31 acts on the surface of the battery pole piece to separate the surface layer matters of the battery pole piece;

(4) Continuous clamping and feeding: in the process that the additional battery pole piece on one group of battery pole piece clamping units 5 is in the process of grinding and separating, the clamping work of the new battery pole piece to be separated is completed on the other battery pole piece clamping unit 5;

(5) And (5) sending out the separated battery pole pieces: after the surface layer matters of the battery pole pieces are separated, the same operation as the switching station is adopted to realize the switching of the upper and lower material stations and the grinding and separating station, the separated battery pole pieces are positioned at the upper and lower material stations, the battery pole piece clamping units 5 at the corresponding sides are positioned in a non-rotating state, at the moment, the two clamping blocks 56 are separated from each other and opened by manually pressing the second connecting rods 54 on the two mechanical claws, and the battery pole pieces are moved out from the mechanical claws;

(6) Collecting the separated particles: after carrying out surface layer material separation operation on a certain number of battery pole pieces, timely discharging and cleaning the separated materials in the separating barrel, and opening a baffle plate on a certain blanking channel, so that the granular powder in the separating barrel 31 corresponding to the blanking channel can be discharged into a corresponding receiving groove through the blanking channel;

(7) Recycling materials: the granular materials in the butt joint trough are screened to obtain surface material particles of the battery pole piece and abrasive materials, the surface material particles of the battery pole piece are subjected to subsequent recovery treatment, and the abrasive materials are put into the separating drum 31 for recycling.

The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a waste battery pole piece surface layer thing separating centrifuge, includes frame (1), is fixed in bracing piece (11) on frame (1) top surface and is fixed with roof (12) at bracing piece (11) top, its characterized in that: the top of the machine base (1) is provided with a high-frequency oscillation unit (2), the top of the high-frequency oscillation unit (2) is provided with a separation screening unit (3), and the high-frequency oscillation unit (2) provides mechanical vibration for the separation screening unit (3);

the high-frequency oscillation unit (2) comprises a vibration table (21) fixed at the top of the machine base (1) and a high-frequency vibration motor (22) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vibration table (21), and a plurality of buffer hydraulic cylinders (23) are fixedly arranged at the top of the vibration table (21);

the separation screening unit (3) comprises a separation cylinder (31) fixedly connected to the top of the buffer hydraulic cylinder (23), and a double-layer screen (32) fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the separation cylinder (31), wherein the outer wall of the separation cylinder (31) is fixedly connected with a first blanking channel (33) positioned at the top of the double-layer screen (32), a second blanking channel (34) positioned in the middle of the double-layer screen (32) and a third blanking channel (35) positioned at the bottom of the double-layer screen (32) respectively; the buffer hydraulic cylinder (23) plays a role in buffering the vibration of the vibration table (21) and drives the separation screening unit (3) to lift;

the top of the top plate (12) is provided with a battery pole piece rotating power unit (4), and the battery pole piece rotating power unit (4) comprises a station switching mechanism (41) and a power transmission mechanism (42);

the station switching mechanism (41) comprises a motor bracket (411) fixedly arranged on the top plate (12), a first driving motor (412) fixedly arranged on the motor bracket (411), a first driving gear (413) fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the first driving motor (412), and a first driven gear (414) meshed with the first driving gear (413), wherein the first driven gear (414) is rotationally embedded in the top surface of the top plate (12);

the power transmission mechanism (42) comprises a mounting disc (421) fixedly mounted on the top surface of the first driven gear (414), a second driving motor (422) fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the top of the mounting disc (421), a second driving gear (423) fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the second driving motor (422), and at least one second driven gear (424) meshed with the second driving gear (423), wherein the bottom surface of the second driven gear (424) is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft (425), and the bottom end of the transmission shaft (425) penetrates through the first driven gear (414) and is fixedly connected with a connecting disc (426);

the battery pole piece rotating power unit (4) further comprises a clutch switching mechanism (43), the clutch switching mechanism (43) comprises a chute support (431) and a clutch hydraulic cylinder (432) which are respectively fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the top of the mounting plate (421), and a sliding plate (433) which is slidably embedded in the bottom of the chute support (431), the output shaft end of the clutch hydraulic cylinder (432) is fixedly connected with the side surface of the sliding plate (433), and the transmission shaft (425) is movably lapped in the chute support (431) and rotatably arranged in the sliding plate (433);

the bottom of every connection pad (426) is connected with a set of battery pole piece clamping unit (5), in battery pole piece clamping unit (5) centre gripping is waited to separate battery pole piece entering or send out separation screening unit (3), battery pole piece rotation power unit (4) drive battery pole piece clamping unit (5) are in separation screening unit (3) internal rotation to switch each battery pole piece clamping unit (5) and get into or shift out in separation screening unit (3), under the compound motion of horizontal rotation and vertical reciprocating vibrations, the abrasive material in separation screening unit (3) acts on the surface of battery pole piece in order to realize the separation of battery pole piece top layer thing, and the granule after the separation realizes the hierarchical screening of size through separation screening unit (3).

2. The separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole pieces according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the utility model discloses a separating tube, including separating tube (31), double-deck screen cloth (32) are provided with spliced pole (311) in inside diapire center department, double-deck screen cloth (32) include bottom open-ended adapter sleeve (321), fixed set up in first screen cloth (322) at adapter sleeve (321) top and fixed second screen cloth (323) that set up in adapter sleeve (321) bottom, adapter sleeve (321) are fixed cup joints at the top of spliced pole (311), double-deck screen cloth (32) suspension is in the middle part of separating tube (31).

3. The separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole pieces according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the outer wall of first screen cloth (322) and second screen cloth (323) all laminate with the inner wall of separating drum (31), a plurality of first sieve meshes (324) have been seted up on first screen cloth (322), a plurality of second sieve meshes (325) have been seted up on second screen cloth (323), and the aperture of first sieve mesh (324) is greater than the aperture of second sieve mesh (325).

4. The separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole pieces according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the top of the machine base (1) is respectively provided with a first receiving groove (36) positioned under a discharge hole of the first blanking channel (33), a second receiving groove (37) positioned under a discharge hole of the second blanking channel (34) and a third receiving groove (38) positioned under a discharge hole of the third blanking channel (35).

5. The separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole pieces according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top of the chute support (431) is provided with a chute, and the outside of the transmission shaft (425) is respectively sleeved with a thrust bearing movably overlapped in the chute and a rolling bearing embedded in the sliding plate (433).

6. The separator for surface layer matters of waste battery pole pieces according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the battery pole piece clamping unit (5) comprises two mechanical claws which are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting disc (426) and are symmetrically arranged.