CN114535645A - Method for realizing super-large area machining by using multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool - Google Patents
Method for realizing super-large area machining by using multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000026817 47,XYY syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B39/00—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines
- B23B39/16—Drilling machines with a plurality of working-spindles; Drilling automatons
- B23B39/24—Drilling machines with a plurality of working-spindles; Drilling automatons designed for programme control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing ultra-large area processing by using a multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool, which relates to the technical field of circuit board drilling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board drilling, in particular to a method for realizing super-large area machining by using a multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool.
Background
In the printed wiring board manufacturing industry, drilling processing on a printed wiring board is completed by a printed wiring board drilling machine tool, the processing area of the printed wiring board drilling machine tool is generally less than 630mm 730mm, if numerical control drilling processing is required to be performed on the printed wiring board with the length of more than 730mm, printed wiring board manufacturers generally have two methods for processing: firstly, purchasing a non-standard printed circuit board drilling machine tool with an enlarged table top, wherein the non-standard machine tool is expensive, so that the production cost of a manufacturer is greatly increased; secondly, a method for respectively drilling holes by a plurality of shafts is adopted, positioning holes are firstly drilled on the printed circuit board, a secondary positioning method is adopted, pin holes are firstly drilled and pins are installed on the No. 1 workbench plate, the workpiece is installed on the No. 1 workbench, the drilling file of the No. 1 workbench is taken out for drilling, after the holes of the No. 1 workbench are drilled, the pin holes are drilled and pins are installed on the No. 2 workbench plate, the workpiece is installed on the No. 2 workbench plate, and the drilling file of the No. 2 workbench is taken out for drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for realizing the processing of an ultra-large area by using a multi-shaft printed circuit board drilling machine tool so as to solve the problems of complex working procedures and low processing efficiency of the printed circuit board drilling mode in the prior art described in the background technology.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for realizing super-large area processing by using a multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool comprises the following steps:
(1) machine tool coordinate system: a rectangular coordinate system composed of X, Y, Z axes is established by taking a machine tool origin O as a coordinate system origin and following a right-hand Cartesian rectangular coordinate system; wherein the X-axis is an axis moving along the X-direction, the Y-axis is an axis moving along the Y-direction, and the Z-axis is an axis moving along the Z-direction;
(2) establishing a drilling main shaft: the method comprises the following steps that n small-unit drilling main shafts are arranged on a machine tool, each small-unit drilling main shaft is fixed on each Z shaft of the machine tool respectively, the Z shafts are fixed on the same sliding plate which moves along an X shaft or a Y shaft and can move on the sliding plate along independent Z axial directions respectively, a workbench of the machine tool can move along the Y shaft or the X axial direction, each small-unit drilling main shaft has a machining position, and the range of the machining position is defined as a machining stroke;
(3) measurement of offset: the position relation of an X axis and a Y axis between the drilling main shafts of two adjacent small units is an offset, and the offset is measured by a camera, a dial indicator or a laser;
(4) the processing mode is as follows: the machine tool control system automatically compensates the position difference between the small unit drilling main shafts by using the offset, and the hole position automatically adopts which small unit drilling main shaft to machine in which small unit drilling main shaft machining stroke during machining; a plurality of small unit drilling main shafts are combined into one drilling main shaft, so that the printed circuit board with the ultra-large area can be drilled at one time, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Preferably: the processing area of the small unit drilling spindle is less than 630mm 730 mm.
Preferably: the method for measuring the camera comprises the following specific steps: firstly, respectively defining the machining ranges of n small unit drilling main shafts as an nth machining table, and respectively installing a camera between the small unit drilling main shafts, wherein the cameras are sequentially divided into numbers 1 to (n-1);
respectively fixing a workpiece on the No. 1 to No. n working tables, respectively drilling a hole on the workpiece on the working tables at the corresponding positions by using each small unit drilling main shaft, recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the hole, then moving the machine tool along the X-axis and Y-axis, aligning the target of the No. n-1 camera with the hole on the No. n-1 working table, recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates at the moment, and calculating the offset A of the No. n-1 camera on the X-axis and Y-axis of the No. n-1 small unit drilling main shaft through the coordinates recorded twice;
then moving the machine tool along the X axis and the Y axis, enabling the target of the No. n-1 camera to align with the hole on the No. n workbench, recording the coordinates of the X axis and the Y axis at the moment, and calculating the offset B of the No. n-1 camera to the X axis and the Y axis of the No. n small unit drilling spindle through the coordinates recorded twice;
the machine tool control system can obtain the X-axis and Y-axis offset between the n-1 small unit drilling main shaft and the n small unit drilling main shaft by calculating the offset A and the offset B.
Preferably: the dial indicator measuring method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, respectively defining the machining ranges of n small unit drilling spindles as an nth machining table, and fixing an upper bedplate between two adjacent machining tables from the 1 st machining table to the nth machining table;
then, drilling a hole in the overlapped area of the n-1 processing table and the n processing table by using the n-1 small unit drilling main shaft, wherein the size of the hole is determined according to the size of the pin;
then recording X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the holes in the coincidence area, and installing round pins on the holes;
moving the nth small unit drilling main shaft to the round pin in the overlapping area, clamping a dial indicator on the nth small unit drilling main shaft, driving the indicator head of the dial indicator to the outer side of the round pin, and adjusting the X axis and the Y axis of the machine tool to enable readings in front of and behind the round pin and in the left and right directions to be smaller than a required value when the dial indicator rotates;
then recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the position, and calculating the X-axis and Y-axis offset between the No. n-1 small unit drilling main shaft and the No. n small unit drilling main shaft according to the coordinates and the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the hole;
and the machine tool control system automatically compensates the position difference between the Z axes when the measured offsets are combined in the multiple Z axes for drilling.
Preferably: the laser measuring method comprises the following specific steps: and measuring XY offset of two adjacent Z axes in the combined Z axes by using a laser ranging instrument, wherein the position difference between the Z axes is automatically compensated by the machine tool control system when the offset is combined in a plurality of Z axes for drilling.
Preferably: when the XY offset between each Z axis is measured, in order to avoid errors caused by manually calculating the offset, the machine tool control system provides a shortcut key mode or an input command mode to automatically calculate the XY offset value automatically filled between each Z axis.
The beneficial effect of adopting above technical scheme is:
this application merges into a holistic drilling main shaft with a plurality of small cell drilling main shafts, can realize disposable drilling to printed circuit board, can avoid the frequent loading and unloading circuit board of workman, has not only improved the efficiency of work, has also reduced workman's intensity of labour simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of a camera in the measurement method of the camera according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a borehole in a camera measurement of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a camera head in a measurement according to the invention, facing a first hole.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a camera head in a measurement according to the invention, facing a second hole.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the drilling of the coincident region in the measurement of the dial gauge of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the pin in the measurement of the dial gauge of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a dial gauge measuring pin in the dial gauge measuring method of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the combination of multiple small-unit drilling spindles in the camera measurement method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a method for realizing super-large area machining by using a multi-axis printed wiring board drilling machine tool comprises the following steps:
(1) machine tool coordinate system: a rectangular coordinate system which is established by taking the machine tool origin O as the coordinate system origin and following the right-handed Cartesian rectangular coordinate system and consists of X, Y, Z axes; wherein the X-axis is an axis moving along the X-direction, the Y-axis is an axis moving along the Y-direction, and the Z-axis is an axis moving along the Z-direction;
(2) establishing a drilling main shaft: the method comprises the following steps that n small-unit drilling main shafts are arranged on a machine tool, each small-unit drilling main shaft is fixed on each Z shaft of the machine tool respectively, the Z shafts are fixed on the same sliding plate which moves along an X shaft or a Y shaft and can move on the sliding plate along independent Z axial directions respectively, a workbench of the machine tool can move along the Y shaft or the X axial direction, each small-unit drilling main shaft has a machining position, and the range of the machining position is defined as a machining stroke;
(3) measurement of offset: the position relation of an X axis and a Y axis between the drilling main shafts of two adjacent small units is an offset, and the offset is measured by a camera, a dial indicator or a laser;
(4) the processing mode is as follows: the machine tool control system automatically compensates the position difference between the small unit drilling main shafts by using the offset, and the hole position automatically adopts which small unit drilling main shaft to machine in which small unit drilling main shaft machining stroke during machining; a plurality of small unit drilling main shafts are combined into one drilling main shaft, so that the printed circuit board with the ultra-large area can be drilled at one time, and the machining efficiency is improved.
Wherein: the method for measuring the camera comprises the following specific steps: firstly, defining the processing ranges of n small unit drilling main shafts as the n-th processing table respectively, and then installing a camera between each small unit drilling main shaft respectively, wherein the cameras are divided into numbers 1 to (n-1) in sequence as shown in figure 1;
respectively fixing a workpiece on the No. 1 to No. n working tables, respectively drilling a hole on the workpiece on the working table at the corresponding position by using each small unit drilling main shaft, recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the hole as shown in FIG. 2, then moving the machine tool along the X-axis and Y-axis to align the target of the No. n-1 camera with the hole on the No. n-1 working table, recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates at the moment as shown in FIG. 3, and calculating the X-axis and Y-axis offset A of the No. n-1 camera to the No. n-1 small unit drilling main shaft through the coordinates recorded twice;
then moving the machine tool along the X axis and the Y axis to enable the target of the No. n-1 camera to align with the hole on the No. n workbench, recording the coordinates of the X axis and the Y axis at the moment as shown in FIG. 4, and calculating the offset B of the No. n-1 camera to the X axis and the Y axis of the No. n small unit drilling spindle through the coordinates recorded twice;
the machine tool control system can obtain the X-axis and Y-axis offset between the n-1 small unit drilling main shaft and the n small unit drilling main shaft by calculating the offset A and the offset B.
Wherein: the dial indicator measuring method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, respectively defining the machining ranges of n small unit drilling spindles as an nth machining table, and fixing an upper bedplate between two adjacent machining tables from the 1 st machining table to the nth machining table;
then, drilling a hole in the overlapped area of the n-1 processing table and the n processing table by using the n-1 small unit drilling main shaft, wherein the size of the hole is determined according to the size of the pin, and the hole is shown in figure 5;
then recording X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the holes in the coincidence area, and installing round pins on the holes;
moving the nth small unit drilling main shaft to the round pin in the overlapping area, clamping a dial indicator on the nth small unit drilling main shaft as shown in fig. 6, striking the head of the dial indicator on the outer side of the round pin, and adjusting the X axis and the Y axis of the machine tool to enable the readings in the front and back direction and the left and right direction of the round pin to be smaller than the required value as shown in fig. 7 when the dial indicator rotates;
then recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the position, and calculating the X-axis and Y-axis offset between the No. n-1 small unit drilling main shaft and the No. n small unit drilling main shaft according to the coordinates and the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the hole;
and the machine tool control system automatically compensates the position difference between the Z axes when the measured offsets are combined in the multiple Z axes for drilling.
Wherein: the laser measuring method comprises the following specific steps: and measuring XY offset of two adjacent Z axes in the combined Z axes by using a laser ranging instrument, wherein the position difference between the Z axes is automatically compensated by the machine tool control system when the offset is combined in a plurality of Z axes for drilling.
When the XY offset between each Z axis is measured, in order to avoid errors caused by manually calculating the offset, the machine tool control system provides a shortcut key mode or an input command mode to automatically calculate the XY offset value automatically filled between each Z axis.
Wherein:
for double-X-axis and double-Y-axis machine tools, the merging modes are different according to different numbers of small unit drilling main shafts:
when n is 4, combining 2 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each single X axis and Y axis respectively;
when n is 6, combining 3 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each single X axis and Y axis;
when n is 8, combining 4 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each independent X axis and Y axis respectively;
for three X-axis and three Y-axis machine tools, the combination modes are different according to different numbers of small unit drilling main shafts:
when n is 6, combining 2 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each single X axis and Y axis;
for four X-axis and four Y-axis machine tools, the combination modes are different according to different numbers of small unit drilling main shafts:
when n is 8, each single X-axis and Y-axis is combined into 1 drilling spindle by 2 small unit drilling spindles.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, which falls into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for realizing super-large area processing by using a multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) machine tool coordinate system: a rectangular coordinate system composed of X, Y, Z axes is established by taking a machine tool origin O as a coordinate system origin and following a right-hand Cartesian rectangular coordinate system; wherein the X-axis is an axis moving along the X-direction, the Y-axis is an axis moving along the Y-direction, and the Z-axis is an axis moving along the Z-direction;
(2) establishing a drilling main shaft: the method comprises the following steps that n small-unit drilling main shafts are arranged on a machine tool, each small-unit drilling main shaft is fixed on each Z shaft of the machine tool respectively, the Z shafts are fixed on the same sliding plate which moves along an X shaft or a Y shaft and can move on the sliding plate along independent Z axial directions respectively, a workbench of the machine tool can move along the Y shaft or the X axial direction, each small-unit drilling main shaft has a machining position, and the range of the machining position is defined as a machining stroke;
(3) measurement of offset: the position relation of an X axis and a Y axis between the drilling main shafts of two adjacent small units is an offset, and the offset is measured by a camera, a dial indicator or a laser;
(4) the processing mode is as follows: the machine tool control system automatically compensates the position difference between the small-unit drilling main shafts by using the offset, and when the hole position is machined, the small-unit drilling main shaft is automatically adopted for machining in the machining stroke of the small-unit drilling main shaft; a plurality of small unit drilling main shafts are combined into one drilling main shaft, so that the printed circuit board with the ultra-large area can be drilled at one time, and the machining efficiency is improved.
2. The method for realizing the ultra-large area machining by using the multi-axis printed wiring board drilling machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the machining area of the small unit drilling spindle is less than 630mm 730 mm.
3. The method for realizing the ultra-large area machining by using the multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the camera measuring method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, respectively defining the machining ranges of n small unit drilling main shafts as an nth machining table, and respectively installing a camera between the small unit drilling main shafts, wherein the cameras are sequentially divided into numbers 1 to (n-1);
respectively fixing a workpiece on the No. 1 to No. n working tables, respectively drilling a hole on the workpiece on the working tables at the corresponding positions by using each small unit drilling main shaft, recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the hole, then moving the machine tool along the X-axis and Y-axis, aligning the target of the No. n-1 camera with the hole on the No. n-1 working table, recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates at the moment, and calculating the offset A of the No. n-1 camera on the X-axis and Y-axis of the No. n-1 small unit drilling main shaft through the coordinates recorded twice;
then moving the machine tool along the X axis and the Y axis, enabling the target of the No. n-1 camera to align with the hole on the No. n workbench, recording the coordinates of the X axis and the Y axis at the moment, and calculating the offset B of the No. n-1 camera to the X axis and the Y axis of the No. n small unit drilling spindle through the coordinates recorded twice;
the machine tool control system can obtain the X-axis and Y-axis offset between the n-1 small unit drilling main shaft and the n small unit drilling main shaft by calculating the offset A and the offset B.
4. The method for realizing the machining of the ultra-large area by using the multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool according to the claim 1, is characterized in that the dial indicator measuring method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, respectively defining the machining ranges of n small unit drilling spindles as an nth machining table, and fixing an upper bedplate between two adjacent machining tables from the 1 st machining table to the nth machining table;
then, drilling a hole in the overlapped area of the n-1 processing table and the n processing table by using the n-1 small unit drilling main shaft, wherein the size of the hole is determined according to the size of the pin;
then recording X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the holes in the coincidence area, and installing round pins on the holes;
moving the nth small unit drilling main shaft to the round pin in the overlapping area, clamping a dial indicator on the nth small unit drilling main shaft, driving the indicator head of the dial indicator to the outer side of the round pin, and adjusting the X axis and the Y axis of the machine tool to enable readings in front of and behind the round pin and in the left and right directions to be smaller than a required value when the dial indicator rotates;
then recording the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the position, and calculating the X-axis and Y-axis offset between the No. n-1 small unit drilling main shaft and the No. n small unit drilling main shaft according to the coordinates and the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the hole;
and measuring the offset, and automatically compensating the position difference between the Z axes by the machine tool control system when the Z axes are combined for drilling.
5. The method for realizing the ultra-large area machining by using the multi-axis printed circuit board drilling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser measuring method comprises the following specific steps: and measuring XY offset of two adjacent Z axes in the combined Z axes by using a laser ranging instrument, wherein the position difference between the Z axes is automatically compensated by the machine tool control system when the offset is combined in a plurality of Z axes for drilling.
6. The method for realizing the super-large area machining by using the multi-axis printed wiring board drilling machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in order to avoid errors caused by manually calculating the offset when measuring the XY offset between each Z axis, the machine tool control system provides a shortcut key mode or an input command mode to automatically calculate the XY offset value automatically filled between each Z axis.
7. The method for realizing the ultra-large area machining by using the multi-axis printed wiring board drilling machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that
For double-X-axis and double-Y-axis machine tools, the merging modes are different according to different numbers of small unit drilling main shafts:
when n is 4, combining 2 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each single X axis and Y axis respectively;
when n is 6, combining 3 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each single X axis and Y axis;
when n is 8, combining 4 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each independent X axis and Y axis respectively;
for three X-axis and three Y-axis machine tools, the combination modes are different according to different numbers of small unit drilling main shafts:
when n is 6, combining 2 small unit drilling main shafts into 1 drilling main shaft on each single X axis and Y axis;
for four X-axis and four Y-axis machine tools, the combination modes are different according to different numbers of small unit drilling main shafts:
when n is 8, each single X-axis and Y-axis is combined into 1 drilling spindle by 2 small unit drilling spindles.
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| CN106163117A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-11-23 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | The machine-tooled method of wiring board |
| CN106270603A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-04 | 广德新三联电子有限公司 | A kind of large scale circuit twist drill hole forming method |
| CN107860347A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-30 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Drilling machine two pin accuracy checking methods |
| CN109253702A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-22 | 东莞职业技术学院 | A kind of PCB drilling Quick overhaul method and apparatus |
| CN110030904A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 广东鸿图科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of quick and precisely detection pin hole away from cubing and method |
| CN112512222A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-16 | 维嘉数控科技（苏州）有限公司 | Multi-axis drilling method and device for multi-layer PCB |
| CN112571092A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-30 | 苏州萨伯工业设计有限公司 | Trimming method for position accuracy of tool hole array |
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