CN114533611B - 一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114533611B CN114533611B CN202210142183.5A CN202210142183A CN114533611B CN 114533611 B CN114533611 B CN 114533611B CN 202210142183 A CN202210142183 A CN 202210142183A CN 114533611 B CN114533611 B CN 114533611B
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Landscapes
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Abstract
本发明涉及口腔护理用品领域,公开了一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物及其制备方法与应用,组合物包括如下质量份的原料,生物活性材料1‑10份、茶多酚0.0001‑0.5份;生物活性材料在使用前经聚乙二醇浸泡处理。该组合物可作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂。本发明将茶多酚与生物活性材料复配,应用于无水配方体系牙膏中,可以增强茶多酚的稳定性和活性,达到减轻牙龈有关问题的功效,同时可以大大协同增强生物活性材料的抗牙本质敏感作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及口腔护理用品领域,具体涉及一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
牙本质过敏症(dentinal hypersensitivity,DH)是指各种原因导致的暴露的牙本质受到机械、化学、温度、渗透压等的刺激时出现的短暂、尖锐的疼痛或不适的现象,并且不能归为其他类型的牙体疾病。牙本质过敏症的发病机理并不十分明确,关于牙本质痛觉的感受和传递机制主要有以下三种学说解释:神经纤维传导学说、牙本质纤维传导学说、流体动力学说。其中,最为广泛接受的是流体动力学说,该学说认为各种不同的刺激作用于牙本质小管表面会引起牙本质小管内的液体的膨胀或收缩从而引起小管液向内或向外的流动,这种流动对牙髓起到了机械搅拌作用从而使神经感受器受到刺激,产生神经冲动引起痛觉。
目前,研究者们主要致力于从两个方面解决牙本质过敏症的问题:一方面通过药物对神经纤维的抑制作用阻断牙髓内的痛觉传导;另一方面通过机械的封闭牙本质小管不仅可以增加小管的表面阻力减少牙本质小管液的流动,还可以阻止外界各种物理化学、细菌等刺激的传导,从而缓解敏感症状。近年来,有较多的研究侧重于通过抗敏感类的口腔护理用品来缓解敏感症状,应用于口腔护理用品的主要成分有钾盐、锶盐、草酸盐、氟化物、生物活性玻璃(陶瓷)等。其中钾盐是通过影响神经纤维的膜电位来抑制神经对痛觉的传导来治疗牙本质过敏症的,由于钾盐极易溶解于水,在使用时驻留效果差,其抗敏发挥作用受限。草酸盐则是通过与钙离子通过螯合作用,在牙本质小管内生成不溶性的草酸钙微粒,机械的堵塞了牙本质小管从而达到脱敏治疗的目的,由于草酸钙在唾液中溶解度较大,这就导致了治疗效果不佳。氟化物、锶盐、生物活性玻璃(陶瓷)通过在牙本质的表面形成氟磷灰石、锶羟基磷灰石,从而机械的堵塞了牙本质小管,达到脱敏的目的。由于活体牙牙齿表面复杂,大大影响了功效成分在牙齿表面的接触和沉积,并且封闭物的形成需要一定的反应时间,其抗敏效果需要长期作用才会有所体现。因此,亟需开发一种新型的高效缓解牙本质敏感的组合物及口腔护理用品。
发明内容
本发明意在提供一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物及其制备方法与应用,以实现高效缓解牙本质敏感问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物,其特征在于:包括如下质量份的原料,生物活性材料1-10份、茶多酚0.0001-0.5份,生物活性材料在使用前经聚乙二醇浸泡处理。
另一方面,本技术方案还提供一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用。
本方案的原理及优点是:本技术方案中,在对抗牙本质敏感组合物进行专项研究中,利用生物活性材料作为基础材料,生物活性材料具有良好的生物活性和生物相容性,在水溶液或唾液环境中发生反应,一方面生物活性玻璃释放钙、磷离子,能提高溶液pH,对变形链球菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌等有抑菌功效,另一方面生物活性玻璃吸附在牙面作为矿化液诱导离子在牙齿表面沉积以及在牙齿上诱导矿化作用,生成与牙釉质化学成分结构相似的羟基磷灰石层,从而达到抗牙本质过敏预防龋齿的目的。在研究过程中,为了提高生物活性材料的抗牙本质过敏的效果,发明人对生物活性材料的复配剂做了多番尝试和研究,意外发现放生物活性材料与茶多酚复配使用时,具有协同增效作用,抗牙本质敏感效果突出,而生物活性材料与锶盐等复配时,则没有表现出协同加强作用。
对上述现象进行反向原理研究,一定浓度的茶多酚可以抑制或减少牙菌斑的数量及其在牙面上的粘附,茶多酚能抑制主要致龋菌的生长,抑制致龋菌葡糖基转移酶(GTF)-唾液淀粉酶活性,还能与唾液富脯蛋白、胞壁脂磷壁酸和菌细胞表面葡聚糖结合蛋白作用而减少细菌在牙面的粘附和集聚,防止细菌在牙面的致龋微生态环境一牙菌斑的形成。茶多酚与生物活性材料复配时,茶多酚通过其抑菌及清除牙菌斑薄膜的作用,一定程度上促进了生物活性玻璃释放的钙、磷离子更易沉积在牙齿表面,同时酚羟基可以深入牙本质小管内部并沉积,可以协同促进生物活性材料的封堵修复敏感牙齿通透的牙本质小管,从而协同增强生物活性材料的抗敏感作用。而牙膏中氯化锶等复配生物活性材料的成分与生物活性材料类似,解决牙本质敏感途径和手段一致,难以协同。但是在研发的过程中,发现当将上述的组合物应用在牙膏等口腔护理用品中时,生物活性材料会同极性更强的甘油接触会导致解离出来的钙离子数量增多,影响生物活性材料的活性。针对此,发明人针对生物活性材料活性保持进行了二次研究,发现将生物活性材料在极性更小、溶度积常数更低的聚乙二醇(PEG)中预浸泡,能够让PEG包裹住生物活性玻璃及进入生物活性玻璃孔道内部,一定程度上隔绝生物活性玻璃同极性更强的甘油的接触,大大减少钙离子解离出的数量,这样可以保留生物活性玻璃的活性;此外也可以避免茶多酚的酚羟基与钙离子的结合,丧失活性位点后不能跟牙齿表面的钙螯合,降低茶多酚的抗敏感效果的问题。
优选的,作为一种改进,生物活性材料为生物活性玻璃、生物活性材料陶瓷、生物活性玻璃衍生物、生物活性材料陶瓷衍生物中的一种或多种。
本技术方案中,生物活性材料选用上述的材料,均能够与茶多酚协同发挥牙本质小管封堵作用,达到协同缓解牙本质敏感的效果。
优选的,作为一种改进,聚乙二醇分子量大于400,浸泡时的料液比小于1,浸泡时间大于10min。
本技术方案中,聚乙二醇分子量过小其极性增加,导致生物活性材料钙磷离子的释放;浸泡时料液比过大和浸泡时间过短会导致浸泡不充分,聚乙二醇不能充分包裹覆盖及进入生物活性材料内部。
优选的,作为一种改进,原料的质量份为生物活性材料5份、茶多酚0.02份。
本技术方案中,通过试验验证,当生物活性材料与茶多酚的添加量选用上述的比例时,协同增效的效果突出。
优选的,作为一种改进,口腔护理用品为牙膏、牙粉、牙齿凝胶、口香糖或牙用糊剂。
本技术方案中,以生物活性材料复配茶多酚的抗敏感剂可以添加到牙膏、牙粉、牙齿凝胶、口香糖或牙用糊剂等口腔护理用品中,赋予口腔护理用品以缓解牙本质敏感的效果,应用范围广。
优选的,作为一种改进,抗敏感剂的添加量为口腔护理用品质量的2-10%。
本技术方案中,以生物活性材料复配茶多酚的抗敏感剂在添加到口腔护理用品中时,添加量以2-10%为宜,添加量过高会导致配方稳定性不佳,添加量过低会导致抗敏感效果欠佳,在上述的用量范围内能够使口腔护理兼具稳定性及抗敏感效果。
优选的,作为一种改进,口腔护理用品为牙膏,牙膏包括如下质量份的原料,保湿剂40-90份、摩擦剂10-30份、发泡剂0.5-2.5份、香精0.5-4份、甜味剂0.1-2份、粘合剂0.1-3份、抗敏感剂2-10份。
优选的,作为一种改进,保湿剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种;摩擦剂为二氧化硅、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、无水焦磷酸钙、无水磷酸氢钠中的一种或多种;发泡剂为阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂;甜味剂为糖精钠、三氯蔗糖、阿斯巴甜、安赛蜜中的一种或几种;粘合剂为卡波姆。
本技术方案中,保湿剂、摩擦剂、发泡剂、甜味剂及粘合剂的选择均为本领域惯用的材料,其来源广泛易得,且应用技术成熟。
优选的,作为一种改进,口腔护理用品为牙膏,牙膏的制备方法,包括如下步骤,
步骤I:加入保湿剂,再加入粘合剂,搅拌均质,后加入甜味剂并均匀搅拌,得体系I;
步骤II:向体系I内加入摩擦剂、浸泡后的生物活性材料、茶多酚、发泡剂并搅拌,得体系II;
步骤III:向体系II内加入香精,搅拌均质、脱气后,牙膏制作完成。
本技术方案中,牙膏制备过程简单,非常适合于工业化推广应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明对比例1处理后牙本质小管封堵情况。
图2为本发明对比例2处理后牙本质小管封堵情况。
图3为本发明对比例3处理后牙本质小管封堵情况。
图4为本发明对比例4处理后牙本质小管封堵情况。
图5为本发明实施例1处理后牙本质小管封堵情况。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。若未特别指明,下述实施方式所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段;所用的实验方法均为常规方法;所用的材料、试剂等,均可从商业途径得到。
方案总述:
一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物,包括如下质量份数的原料,生物活性材料1份~10份、茶多酚0.0001~0.5份。生物活性材料在使用前经聚乙二醇浸泡处理,聚乙二醇分子量大于400,浸泡时的料液比小于1,浸泡时间大于10min。
生物活性材料为生物活性玻璃、生物活性材料陶瓷、生物活性玻璃衍生物、生物活性材料陶瓷衍生物中的一种或几种组合。
一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物可作为抗敏感剂添加到口腔护理用品中,使用时,抗敏感剂的添加量为口腔护理用品质量的2-10%,其中口腔护理用品为牙膏、牙粉、牙齿凝胶、口香糖或牙用糊剂。
一种含有可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物的牙膏,包括如下质量份的原料,保湿剂40-90份、摩擦剂10-30份、发泡剂0.5-2.5份、香精0.5-4份、甜味剂0.1-2份、粘合剂0.1-3份、抗敏感剂2-10份。
其中,保湿剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种;摩擦剂为二氧化硅、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、无水焦磷酸钙、无水磷酸氢钠中的一种或多种;发泡剂为阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂;甜味剂为糖精钠、三氯蔗糖、阿斯巴甜、安赛蜜中的一种或几种;粘合剂为卡波姆。
含有可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物牙膏的制备方法,包括如下步骤,
步骤I:加入保湿剂,再加入粘合剂,搅拌均质,后加入甜味剂并均匀搅拌,得体系I;
步骤II:向体系I内加入摩擦剂、浸泡后的生物活性材料、茶多酚、发泡剂并搅拌,得体系II;
步骤III:向体系II内加入香精,搅拌均质、脱气后,牙膏制作完成。
实施例1-实施例4为本发明的实施例,对比例1-对比例12为本发明的对比例,各实施例及对比例的不同之处在于原料的选择及添加量,详见表1,其中实施例1-4、对比例1-5的生物活性材料都经过乙二醇浸泡处理,浸泡的条件为:聚乙二醇的分子量为400、料液比为1、浸泡时间10min;对比例9表示生物活性材料在使用前未经聚乙二醇浸泡处理。
表1
对比例10
本对比例与实施例4的不同之处在于:本对比例中聚乙二醇的分子量为300。
对比例11
本对比例与实施例4的不同之处在于:本对比例中料液比为3。
对比例12
本对比例与实施例4的不同之处在于:本对比例中浸泡时间为5min。
实验例一:脱矿牙本质的体外再矿化修复试验
对上述各实施例及对比例制备而成的牙膏的体外再矿化修复效果进行验证,试验方法如下:
人工唾液(ISO/TR10271标准)制备:氯化钠(NaCl)0.4g,氯化钾(KCl)0.4g,二水氯化钙(CaCl2·2H2O)0.795g,二水磷酸二氢钠(NaH2PO4·2H2O)0.78g,二水硫化钠(Na2S·2H2O)0.005g,尿素(Urea)1g,去离子水(蒸馏水)稀释至1000ml,pH 6.8。
牙本质标本的制作:选取新鲜的牛中切牙,用低速金刚石切割机(SYJ-150)沿釉牙骨质界将牙根分离,将牙根依次用600、800和2000目的砂纸打磨和抛光牙骨质层,使牙本质暴露。
牙本质标本的酸蚀:抛光后的牙本质标本用蒸馏水超声清洗3次,每次15min;用40%的磷酸溶液浸泡5min;酸蚀后的牙本质标本用蒸馏水超声清洗3次,每次15min。
基线控制:将前处理好后的牙本质标本用金相显微镜观察,挑选出牙小管暴露明显,牙小管均匀的80个牙本质标本。
仿成牙菌膜构建:先将牙本质标本置于培养皿中,人工唾液包被2h后,PBS冲洗2次,分别将配置好的血链球菌、具核梭杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌依次滴至牙本质标本表面,37℃厌氧培养箱孵育24h,更换无菌BHI培养液继续培养,培养48h后更换BHI培养液,共培养7d,PBS轻轻冲洗2次。
功效试验:80个牙本质样本随机分为16组,每组5个,称量8.0g。将上述各实施例及对比例制备而成的样品分别加16g去离子水搅拌制成溶液或牙膏浆液。将牙本质样本分别用上述各实施例及对比例制备而成的溶液样品用电动牙刷(Oral-B Type 3757)刷20S,蒸馏水冲洗3次,清洗干净后,放入人工唾液中,置于37℃的恒温培养箱中保存。此过程上下午分别处理1次;分别处理3天和7天。
功效表征:将处理后的牙本质标本,在37℃的保温箱中干燥,离子溅射仪(中科科仪SBC-12)喷金,用扫描电镜(日立TM3030 Plus)观察,在每个牙本质标本上随机取三个点,分别用400X和2000X拍摄电镜图片(如图1至图5所示,分别为实施例1以及对比例1-4)。将SEM图片导入Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像分析软件中,利用其通过图片颜色变化自动识别牙本质小管边界的功能,选中视野内各小管开放区域,自动测算面积(S1);以空白对照组开放牙本质小管面积为基准(S2),计算各处理组牙本质小管的堵塞率(plugging rate,PR),其计算公式为:PR=(1-S1/S2)×100%。
表2 不同试验组牙本质小管封堵率
从表2及图1-图5可知,在扫描电子显微图片中,经酸侵蚀后的牙本质表面光滑,表面的牙本质小管暴露出来。经过试验空白组(对比例1)牙膏空白对照组(对比例2)、仅含生物活性材料的牙膏组(对比例3)、仅含茶多酚的牙膏组(对比例4)和同时含生物活性材料和茶多酚组合物的牙膏组(实施例1)处理3天后发现,试验空白组封堵率为0%、空白对照组封堵率为8.67%、仅含生物活性材料的牙膏组封堵率为51.23%、仅含茶多酚的牙膏组封堵率为21.65%、同时含生物活性材料和茶多酚组合物的牙膏组封堵率为83.85%,同时含生物活性材料和茶多酚组合物的牙膏组封堵率显著优于空白对照组、仅含生物活性材料的牙膏组和仅含茶多酚的牙膏组,提示生物活性材料和茶多酚复配,可以协同增强生物活性材料的抗牙本质敏感功效。而生物活性材料在使用前未经浸泡处理,会导致封堵率下降,仅为55%左右。此外,生物活性材料的浸泡条件对组合物的效果也有较大影响,浸泡时聚乙二醇的分子量、料液比以及浸泡时间都会影响封堵效果。
实验例二:茶多酚在无水牙膏中的稳定性试验
为了验证本发明牙膏的茶多酚在无水配方体系下的可稳定保存性,制备了加水(对比例5)和无水配方(实施例1)的牙膏;具体配方见表1。
吸取供试液1mL,放在25mL容量瓶中,加水4mL,酒石酸铁溶液5mL,摇匀,用pH=7.5的磷酸缓冲液稀释至刻度,以水代替供试液加入同样的试剂做空白,于540nm波长和0.5cm的比色杯测定吸光度。
计算:茶多酚的含量(mg·g-1)=A×7.826(1/V1)×V2×(1/1000)×(1/m)×100,式中:A-样液的吸光度值;V1-吸取的试液量(mL);V2-供试液总量(mL);m-称取试样质量(g)。结果表明无水配方茶多酚保留量更高。
表3 茶多酚保留量情况
序号 | 吸光度值(OD) | 茶多酚含量(mg/g) |
实施例1 | 0.0065 | 0.076 |
对比例5 | 0.0021 | 0.014 |
实验例三:生物活性玻璃稳定性试验
为了验证本发明聚乙二醇的浸泡对生物活性玻璃钙离子释出情况的影响,研究了生物活性材料和聚乙二醇400料液比分别为1:0、1:1、1:3三种情况下加入甘油3天后钙离子解离情况,具体试验方法为:每组进行三次重复实验,每种实验溶液取0.1g原料放入50ml离心管的侧壁,加入30ml温度为37℃的去离子水,37℃水浴超声3分钟,涡旋混匀,用注射器抽取10ml液体,接0.2μm水系滤过膜,将其过滤至小烧杯中,移液枪移取200μl过滤液至15ml离心管中,去离子水定容至4ml,涡旋后立即用ICP-MS检测钙离子的浓度。具体数据表4所示,结果显示:聚乙二醇的浸泡包裹可以大大减少钙离子解离出的数量,更好保留生物活性玻璃的活性。
表4 不同料液比下甘油中钙离子解离情况
料液比 | 钙离子浓度(mg/l) |
1:0 | 9.72 |
1:1 | 4.34 |
1:3 | 2.09 |
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例,方案中公知的具体技术方案和/或特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术方案的前提下,还可以作出若干变形和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准,说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。
Claims (8)
1.一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物,其特征在于:包括如下质量份的原料,生物活性材料1-10份、茶多酚0.0001-0.5份,所述生物活性材料在使用前经聚乙二醇浸泡处理,浸泡条件为聚乙二醇在含有甘油的无水体系中浸泡生物活性材料,生物活性材料为生物活性玻璃,聚乙二醇的分子量为400,浸泡时的料液比小于1,浸泡时间大于10min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物,其特征在于:所述原料的质量份为生物活性材料5份、茶多酚0.02份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用,其特征在于:所述口腔护理用品为牙膏、牙粉、牙齿凝胶、口香糖或牙用糊剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用,其特征在于:所述抗敏感剂的添加量为口腔护理用品质量的2-10%。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用,其特征在于:所述口腔护理用品为牙膏,牙膏包括如下质量份的原料,保湿剂40-90份、摩擦剂10-30份、发泡剂0.5-2.5份、香精0.5-4份、甜味剂0.1-2份、粘合剂0.1-3份、抗敏感剂2-10份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用,其特征在于:所述保湿剂为甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇中的一种或多种;摩擦剂为二氧化硅、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、无水焦磷酸钙、无水磷酸氢钠中的一种或多种;发泡剂为阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂;甜味剂为糖精钠、三氯蔗糖、阿斯巴甜、安赛蜜中的一种或几种;粘合剂为卡波姆。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种可增强生物活性材料抗牙本质敏感效果的组合物作为口腔护理用品抗敏感剂的应用,其特征在于:牙膏的制备方法,包括如下步骤,
步骤I:加入保湿剂,再加入粘合剂,搅拌均质,后加入甜味剂并均匀搅拌,得体系I;
步骤II:向体系I内加入摩擦剂、浸泡后的生物活性材料、茶多酚、发泡剂并搅拌,得体系II;
步骤III:向体系II内加入香精,搅拌均质、脱气后,牙膏制作完成。
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