CN114526686A - Anti-cracking and crack-control online monitoring system for long and large structural concrete solid member - Google Patents
Anti-cracking and crack-control online monitoring system for long and large structural concrete solid member Download PDFInfo
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- CN114526686A CN114526686A CN202210436083.3A CN202210436083A CN114526686A CN 114526686 A CN114526686 A CN 114526686A CN 202210436083 A CN202210436083 A CN 202210436083A CN 114526686 A CN114526686 A CN 114526686A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an anti-cracking and crack-controlling online monitoring system for concrete solid members with long and large structures, which comprises a laser ranging module, a temperature measuring module, a light intensity measuring module, a control module and a data transmission module, wherein the micro deformation of the concrete solid in the forming and curing stage is obtained through a laser ranging technology, the concrete shrinkage deformation and the illumination intensity and temperature variation of the ambient environment can be measured, and the system can be effectively applied to various occasions needing to detect the shrinkage deformation of the concrete in the construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to an anti-cracking and crack-controlling online monitoring system for a concrete solid member with a long and large structure.
Background
The problem of cracking of the long and large concrete structure and the components is always an important problem which puzzles the engineering world at home and abroad. The appearance of concrete cracks not only affects the appearance quality of the structure, but also seriously affects the service life and safety of the project. Shrinkage deformation, ambient temperature change and the like in the construction period and the early curing period of the concrete are main factors influencing the crack problem in the early forming stage of the concrete. The dimension of the concrete of the engineering site structure is relatively large, and particularly, the accurate measurement of the entity deformation of the component units in the construction period is the most reliable information for accurately reflecting the real deformation change of the poured concrete structure under the restriction of objective environmental conditions, and is also the main criterion for determining the early cracking of the concrete. Generally, early cracking of concrete of different strength grades allows deformation amounts of typically 500-800 um. The self-measurement tolerance error of the existing high-precision distance measuring instrument, such as an imported Lycra high-precision measuring device, is generally not less than 2mm under the engineering field or field condition, so that the requirements of micron-sized deformation amount detection and monitoring of a large and large solid structure cannot be met. Therefore, the accurate micro entity deformation of the concrete cannot be monitored on line in the engineering field, and no effective method and device for correspondingly and reliably monitoring and preventing cracking exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an anti-cracking and crack-control online monitoring system for a concrete solid member with a long and large structure, which aims to solve the problem that accurate micro-solid deformation of concrete cannot be monitored online in the prior art and provide an effective method and device for correspondingly and reliably monitoring and preventing cracking.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: an anti-cracking and crack-control online monitoring system for a concrete solid member with a long and large structure comprises a laser ranging module, a temperature measuring module, a illuminance measuring module, a control module and a data transmission module, wherein the laser ranging module, the temperature measuring module and the illuminance measuring module are all connected with the control module, and the control module is connected with a cloud end through the data transmission module;
the laser ranging module is used for measuring the micro deformation of the concrete solid member with the long and large structure according to the laser ranging principle;
the temperature measuring module is used for measuring the real-time temperature of the selected measuring point position in the entity component, the real-time temperature value of the external ambient environment and the real-time temperature value of the external ambient environment; the illumination intensity measuring module is used for measuring the field illumination intensity;
the control module is used for receiving and processing deformation, internal and external temperature and illumination intensity data obtained by continuous measurement and uploading the data to the cloud end through the data transmission module;
the cloud end is used for analyzing according to the acquired deformation data, predicting the cracking risk of the concrete solid structure before and after stripping, and providing anti-cracking and anti-cracking countermeasures of the concrete in the construction and maintenance period according to the prediction result.
Furthermore, the system also comprises an internal and external temperature transceiver module, wherein the internal and external temperature transceiver module is connected between the temperature measurement module and the control module and used for transmitting the measured temperature value to the control module.
Further, the system further comprises a storage module, wherein the storage module is connected with the control module and used for storing the acquired data.
Furthermore, the laser ranging module comprises a laser ranging machine, a laser ranging machine mounting frame, a laser ranging machine reflection target and a laser ranging machine reflection target mounting frame, wherein the laser ranging machine and the laser ranging machine reflection target are vertically embedded at the top of the wall body which is built in the construction subsection layering manner (the verticality requirement is +/-5 degrees) and are arranged in parallel relatively.
Further, the control module is specifically configured to:
respectively averaging the deformation, the internal and external temperatures of the component and the illumination intensity data obtained by continuous measurement;
and setting an effective value range according to the obtained average value, removing the measured values which exceed the range according to the effective value range, and averaging the remaining effective measured values again to be used as final measured values.
Further, the control module is further configured to:
and carrying out temperature compensation and correction on the laser distance value according to the temperature measurement value and the illumination intensity measurement value.
Further, the cloud is specifically configured to:
drawing an actually measured micro-strain curve according to the measured deformation data, and acquiring tensile limit allowable micro-strain curves of concrete solid members at different periods;
the method comprises the steps of comparing the position relation of an actually measured micro-strain curve and an allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve on a constant time axis, judging that the cracking risk is low after the concrete entity structure is demolded if the allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve is always higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve on the time axis and the minimum distance between the two curves exceeds a first preset threshold, and judging that the cracking risk is high after the demolded if the allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve is always higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve on the time axis but the minimum distance between the two curves does not exceed the first preset threshold.
Further, according to the prediction result, anti-cracking and anti-cracking measures of the concrete in the construction and maintenance period are provided, and the concrete anti-cracking and anti-cracking measures specifically comprise the following steps:
if the tensile limit allows the micro-strain curve to be higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve all the time on the time axis, but the minimum distance between the two curves does not exceed a first preset threshold value, the die removal should be delayed; if the minimum distance between the measured microstrain curve and the tensile limit allowable microstrain curve is lower than a second preset threshold value, further taking maintenance measures including moisture preservation and heat preservation on the basis of delaying form removal.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the system comprises a laser ranging module, a temperature measuring module, a illuminance measuring module, a control module and a data transmission module, obtains the micro deformation of a concrete entity in the forming and curing stage through a laser ranging technology, can measure the shrinkage deformation of the concrete and the variation of the illumination intensity and the temperature of the surrounding environment, and can be effectively applied to various occasions needing on-line detection of the shrinkage deformation of the concrete in the construction period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-cracking and crack-controlling online monitoring system for a concrete solid member with a long and large structure, which is provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides an anti-cracking and crack-control online monitoring system for a long and large structural concrete solid member, which selects a high-precision laser ranging device module, and combines field illumination measurement and continuity correction algorithm of field engineering to obtain the micro deformation of the field solid and large structural concrete member in the construction period and the early maintenance period of the engineering field; and providing reliable judgment basis for the cracking possibility and the anti-cracking measures of the solid formed concrete according to the theoretical cracking allowable deformation amount of the solid concrete in different ages and the representative deformation amount of the internal and external temperature of the concrete.
Specifically, this system includes laser rangefinder module, temperature measurement module, illuminance measurement module, control module and data transmission module, laser rangefinder module, temperature measurement module, illuminance measurement module all connect control module, control module passes through data transmission module and connects the high in the clouds.
The method adopts an industrial-grade indoor high-precision laser ranging principle, and is assisted with a laser ranging correction algorithm and a target sensitivity correction method in an outdoor illumination environment to obtain a stable and reliable continuous measurement value of the micro-deformation of the long and large structural member with the error magnitude of 10 micrometers.
The laser ranging module comprises a laser ranging machine, a laser ranging machine mounting frame, a laser ranging machine reflection target and a laser ranging machine reflection target mounting frame, wherein the laser ranging machine and the laser ranging machine reflection target are vertically (the verticality requirement is +/-5 degrees) embedded in the wall body and are arranged in parallel relatively.
The temperature measurement module comprises 3 paths of PT1000 resistors, a MAX31865 conversion chip and a 3-path temperature measurement conversion circuit carrying a 74LVC138 chip selection chip. The temperature receiving and transmitting module adopts 2.4G receiving and transmitting modules, adopts 2 blocks in total, comprises a transmitting module and a receiving module, is respectively carried on the temperature measuring module conversion circuit and the control module integrated circuit, and executes the transmitting and receiving functions of the temperature measured value.
The control module comprises an STM32 core board, an LCD display screen, a peripheral device based on the STM32F4 core board and an integrated circuit board constructed by the device power supply module. And an STM32 core board in the control module is responsible for data acquisition of each measuring device and corresponding data processing, and the data is displayed through the LCD screen. Integrated circuit board includes nuclear core plate peripheral circuit, 4G module control relay, SD card module, illumination intensity data transmission RS485 module, distancer data transmission RS232 module, 2.4G linking module, 4G linking module and power module, and power module includes: 24V changes 12V step-down module, 12V changes 5V step-down module, 5V changes 3.3V step-down module, provides the power for control module, laser rangefinder module, illuminance measurement module and 4G data transmission module. The SD card storage module is carried on the integrated circuit board of the control module.
The data transmission module adopts a 4G transceiver module, receives the temperature measurement value and sends data to the control module; and the 4G data transmission module is used for transmitting the data received and processed by the control module to the cloud. The 4G data transmission module comprises a 4G communication module and an antenna, and the 4G communication module is carried on an integrated circuit of the control module and executes a function of uploading data to the cloud. A relay is carried in the connection of the control module and the 4G module to control the on-off of the 4G module.
According to the on-line monitoring system for crack prevention and control of the concrete solid member with the long and large structure, a modularized separation structure is adopted, the temperature measurement module is separated from the control module and the illuminance measurement module, wired connection is eliminated on hardware, and a 2.4G wireless transmission module is used for data transmission instead, so that the temperature measurement module can be independently powered, various occasions for temperature measurement are increased, and the power consumption of the control module is reduced; meanwhile, the control module carries a relay to control the interruption of the 4G module, the 4G module is started when data are uploaded, and the 4G module is closed after the data are transmitted, so that the power consumption of the control module is further greatly reduced, and the low-power-consumption operation of the device is realized.
The specific data measurement implementation steps are as follows:
s1, the laser ranging module, the illumination measuring module and the temperature measuring module are started in sequence to obtain a group of parameter measurement values;
s2, sending the distance measurement value, the illumination value and the temperature value to a control module through corresponding protocols respectively;
s3, the control module receives the parameter measured value through the corresponding communication protocol, stores the measured value and simultaneously displays the measured value on the LCD screen;
s4, repeating the parameter measurement process, sending the measurement value to the control module according to the step S2 after each measurement process is completed, and receiving, storing and displaying the measurement value by the control module according to the step S3;
and S5, after repeating for a certain number of times, the control module carries out compensation algorithm processing on the measured value stored by the SD card storage module, and the processed data is sent to the cloud end through the carried 4G communication module and is displayed on the LCD display screen in real time.
Further, in step S1, the laser ranging module is turned on such that the control module sends a measurement start instruction to the laser ranging module through an RS232 communication protocol, and the illuminance measurement module is turned on such that the control module sends a measurement start instruction to the illuminance measurement module through an RS485 communication protocol.
Further, in step S2, the distance measurement value is transmitted through an RS232 protocol, the illuminance value is transmitted through an RS485 protocol, and the temperature value is transmitted through a 2.4G transceiver module mounted on the temperature measurement module and the control module.
Further, the number of times of repeating the measurement process in step S4 must not be less than 30 times.
Further, step S5 specifically includes:
s51, respectively averaging the ranging value, the illuminance measurement value and the temperature measurement value stored in the SD card module;
s52, setting a value interval for judging the measured value to be effective based on the average value in the step S51;
and S53, based on the value range in the step S52, eliminating the measured value exceeding the value range, and averaging the effective measured value after elimination again to obtain an average value as the final measured value of the device.
Further, the control module turns on the 4G module by controlling the relay to be closed in step S5, and turns off the 4G module by controlling the relay to be opened after the data transmission is completed.
The whole implementation process comprises the following steps:
(1) by adopting an industrial-grade indoor high-precision laser ranging principle and assisting a laser ranging correction algorithm and a target sensitivity correction method in an outdoor illumination environment, a stable and reliable micro-deformation continuous measurement value of a long and large structural member with an error magnitude of 10 micrometers is obtained. The collected temperature and illumination measurement has the effects of correcting the laser ranging value according to the temperature, and correcting the ranging value by performing linear fitting on actual measurement multi-day mass data. The change of the collected temperature data can be subjected to curve display at the cloud end.
(2) The actual measurement microstrain variation curve is obtained by obtaining the uploaded real-time ranging value from the cloud database and then dividing the variation of the ranging value by the actual measurement length.
(3) And then obtaining the ultimate tensile allowable micro-strain of the concrete structure body at different periods according to the maturity, strength and elastic modulus growth rule of the concrete pouring material performance and the environmental condition parameters. The method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, the following formula is adopted to calculate the maximum tensile stress of the concrete member at different time intervals:
in the formula, delta T is the temperature drop amplitude of the concrete and is the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in a corresponding calculation time period, namely DEG C;
w is the width of the corresponding concrete member calculation unit, m;
l is the length of the corresponding concrete member calculation unit, m;
tau is a construction intermission period between the bottom rigid restraint end and the concrete member calculation unit, d;
ftin order to actually measure the strength, MPa, of the concrete calculation unit in a corresponding calculation time period, the calculation method is as follows,
the age strength data of the standard curing test pieces 1-7d are used and are fitted into the following form curve equation through regression analysis,
wherein f is the compressive strength (GPa) of the concrete; a. b is a coefficient, and D is a curing age (D) of the concrete;
next, using the formula for calculating the equivalent age:
in the formula, t is the equivalent age;
is the equivalent coefficient of the temperature T ℃;
duration of T.degree.C.
And D is replaced by the equivalent age t, so that the strength can be calculated, and the maximum tensile stress in the concrete member can be calculated.
Referring next to the formula in the CEB-FIP mode specification:
wherein E28 is the 28d concrete modulus of elasticity;
t0672 initial hours, 28d hours (unit h);
the parameters s, n are related to the variety of concrete;
calculating the elastic modulus of the concrete calculation unit in a corresponding calculation time period;
then applying constitutive relation formula
And calculating the allowable micro-strain amount of ultimate tensile strength of the concrete structure at different periods.
(4) Then listing an actual measured micro-strain curve and an allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve on an equal time axis, and judging and predicting the cracking risk before and after the concrete entity structure is demolded, specifically:
the method comprises the steps of comparing the position relation of an actually measured micro-strain curve and an allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve on a constant time axis, judging that the cracking risk is low after the concrete entity structure is demolded if the allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve is always higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve on the time axis and the minimum distance between the two curves exceeds a first preset threshold, and judging that the cracking risk is high after the demolded if the allowable tensile limit micro-strain curve is always higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve on the time axis but the minimum distance between the two curves does not exceed the first preset threshold.
(5) And finally, providing anti-cracking and anti-cracking countermeasures in the concrete construction and maintenance period, such as measures of delaying form removal, moisturizing, heat preservation and maintenance and the like, and specifically:
if the tensile limit allows the micro-strain curve to be higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve all the time on the time axis but the minimum distance between the two curves does not exceed a first preset threshold value, the form removal is delayed; if the minimum distance between the measured microstrain curve and the tensile limit allowable microstrain curve is lower than a second preset threshold value, further taking maintenance measures including moisture preservation and heat preservation on the basis of delaying form removal.
According to the anti-cracking and crack-control online monitoring system for the concrete solid member with the long and large structure, accurate online actual measurement is carried out aiming at the long and large solid structure and the complex working condition of an engineering field, and the system is high in measurement accuracy and good in real-time performance; the method can provide an effective measurement and control method for early cracking prevention and control under different concrete characteristic conditions, and is particularly suitable for concrete engineering construction period and early-age curing occasions in which high-precision detection of concrete shrinkage deformation and accurate cracking prevention measures need to be implemented.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The on-line monitoring system for crack prevention and crack control of the long and large structural concrete solid member is characterized by comprising a laser ranging module, a temperature measuring module, a illuminance measuring module, a control module and a data transmission module, wherein the laser ranging module, the temperature measuring module and the illuminance measuring module are all connected with the control module, and the control module is connected with a cloud end through the data transmission module;
the laser ranging module is used for measuring the micro deformation of the concrete solid member with the long and large structure according to the laser ranging principle;
the temperature measuring module is used for measuring the real-time temperature of the selected measuring point position in the entity component and the real-time temperature value of the external ambient environment; the illumination intensity measuring module is used for measuring the field illumination intensity;
the control module is used for receiving and processing deformation, temperature and illumination intensity data obtained by continuous measurement and uploading the data to the cloud end through the data transmission module;
the cloud end is used for analyzing according to the acquired deformation data, predicting the cracking risk of the concrete solid structure before and after stripping, and providing anti-cracking and anti-cracking countermeasures of the concrete in the construction and maintenance period according to the prediction result.
2. The system for on-line monitoring of crack control and crack control of a concrete solid member with a long and large structure according to claim 1, further comprising an internal and external temperature transceiver module, wherein the internal and external temperature transceiver module is connected between the temperature measurement module and the control module, and is used for transmitting the measured temperature value to the control module.
3. The system for on-line monitoring of crack prevention and control of a long and large structural concrete solid member as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a storage module connected to the control module for storing the acquired data.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the laser ranging module comprises a laser range finder, a laser range finder mounting frame, a laser range finder reflection target and a laser range finder reflection target mounting frame, and the laser range finder reflection target are vertically embedded at the top of a wall formed by construction subsection layering pouring and are arranged in parallel relatively.
5. The system for on-line monitoring of crack control and crack control of a long and large structural concrete solid member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control module is specifically configured to:
respectively averaging the deformation, the internal and external temperatures of the component and the illumination intensity data obtained by continuous measurement;
and setting an effective value range according to the obtained average value, removing the measured values which exceed the range according to the effective value range, and averaging the remaining effective measured values again to be used as final measured values.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the control module is further configured to:
and carrying out temperature compensation and correction on the laser distance value according to the measured value of the temperature inside and outside the component and the measured value of the illumination intensity.
7. The crack control and crack control on-line monitoring system for the long and large structural concrete solid member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cloud end is specifically configured to:
drawing an actually measured micro-strain curve according to the measured deformation data, and acquiring tensile limit allowable micro-strain curves of concrete solid members at different periods;
comparing the position relation of the actually measured micro-strain curve and the tensile limit allowable micro-strain curve on the equal time axis, if the tensile limit allowable micro-strain curve is always higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve on the time axis and the minimum distance between the two curves exceeds a first preset threshold value, judging that the cracking risk is low after the concrete solid structure is demolded, and if the tensile limit allowable micro-strain curve is always higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve on the time axis but the minimum distance between the two curves does not exceed the first preset threshold value, judging that the cracking risk is high after the demolded.
8. The system for on-line monitoring of crack prevention and control of a concrete solid member with a long and large structure according to claim 7, wherein the method for providing the measures for crack prevention and control of the concrete in the construction and maintenance periods according to the prediction result specifically comprises the following steps:
if the tensile limit allows the micro-strain curve to be higher than the actually measured micro-strain curve all the time on the time axis, but the minimum distance between the two curves does not exceed a first preset threshold value, the die removal should be delayed; if the minimum distance between the measured microstrain curve and the tensile limit allowable microstrain curve is lower than a second preset threshold value, further taking maintenance measures including moisture preservation and heat preservation on the basis of delaying form removal.
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