CN111308881B - Rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method and calibration compensation device - Google Patents
Rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method and calibration compensation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111308881B CN111308881B CN202010234264.9A CN202010234264A CN111308881B CN 111308881 B CN111308881 B CN 111308881B CN 202010234264 A CN202010234264 A CN 202010234264A CN 111308881 B CN111308881 B CN 111308881B
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- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method and a calibration compensation device, and belongs to the technical field of rubidium clock calibration. The device comprises a time service module, a time difference measuring chip, a singlechip, a temperature sensor and a thermostat with a temperature control system; the time service module is used for demodulating an external reference signal and generating a reference second signal; the time difference measuring chip is used for measuring the time difference between a rubidium clock second signal and a reference second signal; the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of a rubidium clock in the thermostat; the temperature sensor is used for collecting a temperature value of the rubidium clock in real time; the single chip microcomputer is used for collecting the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor, calculating the frequency deviation between the reference second signal and the rubidium clock, and controlling the frequency of the rubidium clock through the control interface to achieve rubidium clock taming. The invention can optimize the temperature characteristic calibration process of the rubidium clock and improve the time keeping precision of the rubidium clock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rubidium clock calibration, in particular to a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method and a calibration compensation device, which can be used for various timing and keeping-in-time terminals of a rubidium clock.
Background
At present, rubidium clocks are widely applied to various fixed ground, vehicle-mounted and ship-based time service and time keeping terminals due to the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, low price, high frequency accuracy and stability, long service life, strong temperature adaptability and the like.
Currently, rubidium clock timekeeping mainly adopts a mode of clock disciplining by externally inputting a reference signal to calibrate the frequency accuracy of the rubidium clock, and after a reference source fails or is shut down, the rubidium clock is subjected to high-precision timekeeping to continuously output an accurate and stable time frequency signal. Because of being limited by the physical characteristics of the rubidium clock, the output frequency accuracy of the rubidium clock is sensitive to the temperature, the application temperature range of the timing and time keeping terminal of the internal rubidium clock is wide, external constant temperature and heat preservation measures are mostly not provided, the influence on the frequency accuracy of the rubidium clock is large when the external temperature changes, and the time keeping accuracy index of the timing and time keeping terminal is directly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method and a calibration compensation device, which can optimize a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration process and improve rubidium clock time keeping accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method is used for carrying out temperature characteristic calibration on a rubidium clock to be processed, and comprises the following steps:
(1) demodulating an external reference signal through a time service module to generate a reference second signal;
(2) measuring the time difference between a second signal and a reference second signal of the rubidium clock through a time difference measuring chip;
(3) acquiring a temperature value of a rubidium clock in real time through a temperature sensor;
(4) the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor are collected by the single chip microcomputer, the frequency deviation between the reference second signal and the rubidium clock is calculated, and the frequency of the rubidium clock is controlled by the control interface, so that rubidium clock taming is realized;
(5) executing a temperature calibration process, and reducing the temperature of a rubidium clock from room temperature to 10 ℃ through a temperature control system, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 40 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 10 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours;
(6) in each temperature stage of the step (5), according to the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip, tracking of a rubidium clock second signal to an external reference second signal is achieved by adjusting the rubidium clock frequency through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting algorithm, a rubidium clock frequency adjusting amount is recorded at the same time, an average rubidium clock adjusting amount is calculated in the time after the temperature of each stage is stabilized, the temperature value of the stage and the corresponding rubidium clock frequency adjusting amount are recorded, and 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjusting amount data are obtained in total;
(7) and performing least square normal fitting on the 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjustment quantity data, and taking the slope of the data as a rubidium clock temperature coefficient, and storing the data as the rubidium clock temperature coefficient to finish the calibration of the rubidium clock temperature characteristic.
In addition, the invention also provides a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration and compensation device, which is used for calibrating and compensating the temperature characteristic of a rubidium clock to be processed and comprises a time service module, a time difference measurement chip, a single chip microcomputer, a temperature sensor and a thermostat with a temperature control system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the time service module is used for demodulating an external reference signal and generating a reference second signal;
the time difference measuring chip is used for measuring the time difference between a rubidium clock second signal and a reference second signal;
the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of a rubidium clock in the thermostat;
the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature value of the rubidium clock in real time;
the single chip microcomputer is used for collecting the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor, calculating the frequency deviation between the reference second signal and the rubidium clock, and controlling the frequency of the rubidium clock through the control interface so as to achieve rubidium domestication; after the rubidium clock is disciplined, the single chip microcomputer executes the following temperature calibration program:
(A01) reducing the temperature of the rubidium clock from room temperature to 10 ℃ through a temperature control system, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 40 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 10 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours;
(A02) in each temperature stage of the temperature calibration process, according to the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip, tracking of a rubidium clock second signal to an external reference second signal is achieved by adjusting the rubidium clock frequency through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation algorithm, a rubidium clock frequency regulation quantity is recorded at the same time, an average rubidium clock regulation quantity is calculated within the time after the temperature of each stage is stabilized, the temperature value of the stage and the corresponding rubidium clock frequency regulation quantity are recorded, and 7 groups of temperature-frequency regulation quantity data are obtained in total;
(A03) performing least square normal fitting on the 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjustment quantity data, storing the rubidium clock temperature coefficient by taking the slope of the data as the rubidium clock temperature coefficient, and completing calibration of the rubidium clock temperature characteristic;
after the temperature calibration is finished, the single chip microcomputer executes the following temperature compensation program:
(B01) after a rubidium clock tracks an external reference signal and locks for more than 24 hours, cutting off the external reference signal and entering a timekeeping mode;
(B02) recording a rubidium clock temperature value at the time of entering a time keeping mode;
(B03) measuring the temperature of the rubidium clock in real time through a temperature sensor, recording an average temperature value of the rubidium clock once per hour, calculating a temperature variation amount relative to the last hour, multiplying the temperature variation amount by a rubidium clock temperature coefficient obtained through calibration, and calculating a rubidium clock frequency compensation amount;
(B04) and sending the frequency compensation quantity of the rubidium clock to be processed to complete temperature compensation.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize the automatic compensation of the temperature characteristic of the rubidium clock, and greatly improve the frequency accuracy and the time keeping accuracy of the rubidium clock in the temperature variation environment.
2. The method can realize the automatic calibration of the temperature characteristic of the rubidium clock, is specially calibrated for each rubidium clock, avoids the influence caused by individual differences of the rubidium clocks, improves the calibration precision, does not need human intervention in the calibration process, reduces the labor cost, and is suitable for batch equipment production calibration.
3. The rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration process can be suitable for the rubidium clock stability characteristic and the working temperature range, and can meet the temperature range requirement of general timekeeping equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration and compensation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating temperature variation during calibration of a rubidium clock temperature characteristic according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration and compensation device for performing temperature calibration and compensation on a rubidium clock 3 to be processed (included in a certain device), which includes a single chip microcomputer 1, a temperature sensor 2, a time difference measurement chip 4, a time service module 5, and a power supply 6. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a rubidium clock 3 generates a 10MHz internal reference signal and a 1PPS second signal, and sends the signals to a time difference measuring chip 4 as a reference frequency and a second signal; meanwhile, the time service module 5 demodulates an external reference signal, outputs a reference second signal and sends the reference second signal to the time difference measurement chip 4, and rubidium clock second signal and reference second signal time difference measurement is carried out; the single chip microcomputer 1 collects a time difference test value of the time difference measurement chip 4 and a rubidium clock temperature value output by the temperature sensor 2, calculates frequency deviation between a reference signal and a rubidium clock, and controls frequency of the rubidium clock 3 through the control interface so as to achieve a rubidium clock disciplining function.
When the device is used, equipment to be calibrated according to the temperature characteristic of the rubidium clock is placed in a thermostat with a temperature control system, then the device is started, the thermostat is preheated, and after the rubidium clock is locked and an external reference signal is judged to be effective, the clock domestication state can be achieved.
The rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration process is as follows:
(A01) the temperature control was performed according to the temperature-time curve shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the temperature is controlled in the following manner: cooling from room temperature to 10 ℃ for at least 4 hours, then heating to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, then maintaining for at least 4 hours, then heating to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, then maintaining for at least 4 hours, then heating to 40 ℃, then maintaining for at least 4 hours, then cooling to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, then maintaining for 4 hours, then cooling to 20 ℃ after 1 hour, then maintaining for at least 4 hours, then cooling to 10 ℃ within 1 hour, and then maintaining for at least 4 hours, and then ending.
(A02) The method includes the steps that time difference between an external reference and a rubidium clock second signal is tested according to a time difference measuring chip, tracking of the rubidium clock second signal to the external reference signal is achieved through adjusting a rubidium clock frequency through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting algorithm, a rubidium clock frequency adjusting amount is recorded at the same time, an average rubidium clock adjusting amount is calculated within time after temperature of each stage is stable, a temperature value and a corresponding frequency adjusting amount are recorded, and 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjusting amount data are obtained in total.
(A03) And performing least square normal fitting on the 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjustment quantities, storing the rubidium clock temperature coefficient by taking the slope of the least square normal fitting as the rubidium clock temperature coefficient, and completing primary rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration.
The calibration procedure described above may be automatically cycled periodically, if desired.
The rubidium clock temperature characteristic compensation process is as follows:
(B01) after the rubidium clock tracks the external reference source and locks for more than at least 24 hours, the external reference source is cut off, and the time keeping mode is entered.
(B02) And recording the temperature value of the rubidium clock when the time keeping mode is entered.
(B03) The method includes the steps of measuring a temperature value of a rubidium clock in real time, recording an average temperature value of the rubidium clock once per hour, calculating a temperature variation amount relative to the last hour, and multiplying the temperature variation amount by a rubidium clock temperature coefficient obtained through calibration to obtain a rubidium clock frequency compensation amount.
(B04) And sending the frequency compensation quantity of the rubidium clock to complete primary temperature compensation.
However, steps (B03) and (B04) may be repeated cyclically, that is, a continuous automatic compensation of the rubidium clock temperature characteristic may be realized.
Claims (2)
1. A rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration method, for performing temperature characteristic calibration on a rubidium clock to be processed, comprising the steps of:
(1) demodulating an external reference signal through a time service module to generate a reference second signal;
(2) measuring the time difference between a second signal and a reference second signal of the rubidium clock through a time difference measuring chip;
(3) acquiring a temperature value of a rubidium clock in real time through a temperature sensor;
(4) the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor are collected by the single chip microcomputer, the frequency deviation between the reference second signal and the rubidium clock is calculated, and the frequency of the rubidium clock is controlled by the control interface, so that rubidium clock taming is realized;
(5) executing a temperature calibration process, and reducing the temperature of a rubidium clock from room temperature to 10 ℃ through a temperature control system, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 40 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 10 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours;
(6) in each temperature stage of the step (5), according to the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip, tracking of a rubidium clock second signal to an external reference second signal is achieved by adjusting the rubidium clock frequency through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting algorithm, a rubidium clock frequency adjusting amount is recorded at the same time, an average rubidium clock adjusting amount is calculated in the time after the temperature of each stage is stabilized, the temperature value of the stage and the corresponding rubidium clock frequency adjusting amount are recorded, and 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjusting amount data are obtained in total;
(7) and performing least square normal fitting on the 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjustment quantity data, and taking the slope of the data as a rubidium clock temperature coefficient, and storing the data as the rubidium clock temperature coefficient to finish the calibration of the rubidium clock temperature characteristic.
2. A rubidium clock temperature characteristic calibration and compensation device is characterized by being used for calibrating and compensating the temperature characteristic of a rubidium clock to be processed, and comprising a time service module, a time difference measurement chip, a single chip microcomputer, a temperature sensor and a thermostat with a temperature control system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the time service module is used for demodulating an external reference signal and generating a reference second signal;
the time difference measuring chip is used for measuring the time difference between a rubidium clock second signal and a reference second signal;
the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of a rubidium clock in the thermostat;
the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature value of the rubidium clock in real time;
the single chip microcomputer is used for collecting the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor, calculating the frequency deviation between the reference second signal and the rubidium clock, and controlling the frequency of the rubidium clock through the control interface so as to achieve rubidium domestication;
after the rubidium clock is disciplined, the single chip microcomputer executes the following temperature calibration program:
(A01) reducing the temperature of the rubidium clock from room temperature to 10 ℃ through a temperature control system, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then raising the temperature to 40 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping the temperature for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 30 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 20 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours; then cooling to 10 ℃ within 1 hour, and keeping for at least 4 hours;
(A02) in each temperature stage of the temperature calibration process, according to the time difference measured by the time difference measuring chip, tracking of a rubidium clock second signal to an external reference second signal is achieved by adjusting the rubidium clock frequency through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation algorithm, a rubidium clock frequency regulation quantity is recorded at the same time, an average rubidium clock regulation quantity is calculated within the time after the temperature of each stage is stabilized, the temperature value of the stage and the corresponding rubidium clock frequency regulation quantity are recorded, and 7 groups of temperature-frequency regulation quantity data are obtained in total;
(A03) performing least square normal fitting on the 7 groups of temperature-frequency adjustment quantity data, storing the rubidium clock temperature coefficient by taking the slope of the data as the rubidium clock temperature coefficient, and completing calibration of the rubidium clock temperature characteristic;
after the temperature calibration is finished, the single chip microcomputer executes the following temperature compensation program:
(B01) after a rubidium clock tracks an external reference signal and locks for more than 24 hours, cutting off the external reference signal and entering a timekeeping mode;
(B02) recording a rubidium clock temperature value at the time of entering a time keeping mode;
(B03) measuring the temperature of the rubidium clock in real time through a temperature sensor, recording an average temperature value of the rubidium clock once per hour, calculating a temperature variation amount relative to the last hour, multiplying the temperature variation amount by a rubidium clock temperature coefficient obtained through calibration, and calculating a rubidium clock frequency compensation amount;
(B04) and sending the frequency compensation quantity of the rubidium clock to be processed to complete temperature compensation.
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