CN114526324B

CN114526324B - Special speed reducer for deep water back pressure sewage treatment

Info

Publication number: CN114526324B
Application number: CN202210170614.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 厉天龙; 谷志阳; 张晓忠; 姜瑞岳; 叶挺挺; 项湖州; 项益友; 谢爱叶; 薛伟; 周晨
Original assignee: Zhejiang Shuntian Transmission Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Shuntian Transmission Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-24
Filing date: 2022-02-24
Publication date: 2022-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-24
Also published as: CN114526324A

Abstract

A speed reducer special for deepwater back pressure sewage treatment belongs to the technical field of speed reducers and aims to solve the problems that the internal gear structure of the existing speed reducer is easy to wear because the speed reducer is inconvenient to splash and lubricate internal components of the speed reducer by using the rotation of a transmission shaft, and the wear of abrasive particles is easy to generate between sealing end surfaces of the speed reducer because solid suspended particle sewage leaks into the speed reducer under the action of the hydrostatic pressure of water because the sewage contains a large amount of solid suspended particles; the invention utilizes the rotation of the transmission shaft to link the oil slinger to rotate, so that the oil slinger drives lubricating oil to splash, the gear structure around the oil slinger is splashed and lubricated, the rotation of the output shaft links the spiral shaft to push the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil generates partial pressure outwards in the axial direction.

Description

Speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to a special speed reducer for deep water back pressure sewage treatment.

Background

The reducer is an independent part consisting of gear transmission, worm transmission and gear-worm transmission enclosed in a rigid shell, and is commonly used as a speed reduction transmission device between a prime mover and a working machine. The speed reducer plays a role in matching the rotating speed and transmitting the torque between the prime motor and the working machine or the actuating mechanism, is widely applied to modern machines, plays a role in matching the rotating speed and transmitting the torque between the prime motor and the working machine or the actuating mechanism, and is relatively precise machine. Its purpose is to reduce the speed and increase the torque. It has various types, different models and different purposes. The speed reducers are various in kind and can be classified into gear speed reducers, worm speed reducers and planetary gear speed reducers according to the transmission types.

When the traditional speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment works, the internal components of the speed reducer are not convenient to splash and lubricate by utilizing the rotation of a transmission shaft, so that the internal gear structure is easy to wear, the transmission of the gear is not precise enough, the transmission effect of the speed reducer is influenced, the splash lubrication structure of a linkage transmission shaft is not convenient to adjust, when the lubrication effect is sufficient, the splash lubrication structure influences the transmission efficiency of the speed reducer, when the speed reducer works in the deep water of sewage, the solid suspended particles sewage leaks into the speed reducer under the action of the static pressure of water, the abrasive wear is easy to generate between the sealing end surfaces of the speed reducer, the traditional speed reducer is inconvenient to arrange a spiral component at the position of an output shaft, and the liquid in the speed reducer is pushed under the rotation action of the output shaft, so that the partial pressure axially outwards is generated to prevent the solid suspended particles from being immersed.

In order to solve the problems, a speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment, which solves the problems that when the traditional speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment in the background art works, the internal structure of a gear in the speed reducer is easily abraded due to the fact that the internal structure of the speed reducer is inconvenient to splash and lubricate by utilizing the rotation of a transmission shaft, the transmission of the gear is not accurate enough, the transmission effect of the speed reducer is influenced, the splash lubrication structure of a linkage transmission shaft is inconvenient to adjust, when the lubrication effect is enough, the transmission efficiency of the speed reducer is influenced, when the speed reducer works in deep water of sewage, the solid suspended particles sewage leak into the speed reducer due to the static pressure of the water because the sewage contains a large amount of solid suspended particles, abrasive particles are easily abraded between the sealing end surfaces of the speed reducer, and the traditional speed reducer is inconvenient to arrange a spiral component at the position of an output shaft, the liquid in the reducer is pushed under the rotation action of the output shaft, so that partial pressure outwards in the axial direction is generated, and the problem of immersing solid suspended particles is solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment comprises a first box body and an input shaft arranged in the first box body, wherein a second box body is arranged on one side of the first box body, an output shaft is arranged in the second box body, the first box body comprises a transmission shaft arranged in the first box body and lubricating oil arranged at the lower end of the first box body, a lubricating assembly is arranged on the outer side of the transmission shaft, one vertical end of the lubricating assembly is positioned in the lubricating oil, and one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the input shaft;

the lubricating assembly comprises a sleeved assembly sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft and an oil slinger sleeved on the outer side of the sleeved assembly, and further comprises a matching groove formed in the oil slinger and a telescopic assembly arranged at one end of the inner portion of the oil slinger, and the sleeved assembly is embedded in the matching groove.

Further, the transmission shaft is including setting up the ring block in the transmission shaft outside and setting up the ring channel in the ring block side, and the ring block sets up two sets ofly, two sets of ring block interval form the mounting groove, the suit subassembly suit is in the mounting groove outside.

Further, the suit subassembly includes the bearing housing of suit in the mounting groove outside and evenly sets up the ball in the bearing housing side, and the ball sets up the multiunit, and the ball gomphosis is inside the ring channel, and the gomphosis of the bearing housing outside is inside the cooperation groove.

Further, the oil slinger comprises a first inclined groove and a second inclined groove, the first inclined groove and the second inclined groove are arranged on one side of two ends of the oil slinger, the orientation of the first inclined groove is opposite to that of the second inclined groove, a first inclined hole is formed in the outer side of the first inclined groove, the orientation of the first inclined hole is the same as that of the first inclined groove, multiple groups are arranged, a second inclined hole is formed in the outer side of the second inclined groove, the orientation of the second inclined hole is the same as that of the second inclined groove, multiple groups are arranged, oil splashing holes are formed in the middle of the oil slinger, and multiple groups are arranged in the oil splashing holes.

Further, flexible subassembly is including setting up the fixed block and the telescopic link of setting in the fixed block inside of the inside one end of oil slinger, and the telescopic link sets up two sets ofly, telescopic link one end be connected with suit subassembly side, during the telescopic link shrink, the oil slinger one end of keeping away from the fixed block contacts with lubricating oil, and when the telescopic link stretches out, the oil slinger one end that is provided with the fixed block contacts with lubricating oil.

Furthermore, the second box body comprises an inner cavity arranged inside the second box body and limiting rings arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity, the limiting rings are provided with a plurality of groups, and the second box body further comprises an oil cavity arranged at the bottom of the second box body.

Further, the oil chamber includes the first communicating pipe that sets up in oil chamber one side and sets up the first pump body in the first communicating pipe outside, and first communicating pipe is linked together with the inner chamber is inside, and the oil chamber still includes the second communicating pipe that sets up in the same one side of oil chamber, and the second communicating pipe outside is provided with the second pump body, and the second communicating pipe is linked together with the inner chamber is inside.

Furthermore, the output shaft comprises matching ring bodies and a screw shaft, the matching ring bodies are arranged on the outer side of the output shaft, a plurality of groups of matching ring bodies are arranged, the distance between the two groups of matching ring bodies is matched with the limiting ring, and the screw shaft is positioned right above the oil cavity.

Furthermore, the screw shaft comprises a first screw body, a second screw body and a third screw body which are arranged on the outer side of the screw shaft, the diameter of the third screw body is larger than that of the second screw body, and the diameter of the second screw body is larger than that of the first screw body.

Furthermore, the matching ring body, the spiral shaft, the limiting ring and the lubricating assembly are subjected to ion soft nitriding and post oxidation composite treatment, and transmission gears in the speed reducer are hard tooth surface gears.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention provides a speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment, wherein one end of an input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft, the input shaft can drive the transmission shaft to rotate, a sleeving assembly is sleeved outside the transmission shaft and is arranged inside an oil slinger, at the moment, a telescopic rod extends out, the sleeving assembly is positioned inside one end of a matching groove far away from a telescopic assembly, the oil slinger rotates while the transmission shaft rotates, one end of the oil slinger provided with the telescopic assembly is contacted with lubricating oil, namely, a first inclined groove, a first inclined hole, an oil splashing hole, a second inclined groove and a second inclined hole are contacted with the lubricating oil, the first inclined groove and the second inclined groove can splash the lubricating oil to two sides of the oil slinger to lubricate gear structures at two sides of the oil slinger, a plurality of groups of oil splashing holes, the first inclined hole and the second inclined hole are arranged, and the orientation of the first inclined hole is the same as that of the first inclined groove, and set up the multiunit, the orientation of second slant hole is the same with the orientation of second slant groove, and sets up the multiunit for the lubricating oil that the oil slinger can be more taken and play because of the oil slinger rotates the splash, thereby plays better lubrication action, makes transmission structure more steady.

2. According to the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment, when the telescopic rod extends out, the oil slinger carries more splashed lubricating oil, but the oil slinger is sleeved outside the transmission shaft through the sleeving component, so that the transmission efficiency of the reduction gearbox is affected, when the gear structure in the reduction gearbox is sufficiently lubricated, the telescopic rod can be driven to shrink, the sleeving component moves in the matching groove and is positioned at one side of the fixed block, when the transmission shaft rotates to drive the oil slinger to rotate, one end of the oil slinger, which is not provided with the fixed block, can be in contact with the lubricating oil, the depth of the lubricating oil in contact with the oil slinger is shallow, namely the eccentric structure force arm in rotation of the oil slinger is short, the lubricating oil capable of splashing at the moment is less, and the influence on the transmission efficiency of the reduction gearbox is reduced.

3. When the speed reducer works in the deep water of sewage, the output shaft rotates to drive the matching ring body and the screw shaft to rotate, and simultaneously lubricating oil in the oil cavity enters the inner cavity under the action of the first pump body, because the diameter of the third spiral body is larger than that of the second spiral body, and the diameter of the second spiral body is larger than that of the first spiral body, the rotation of the output shaft can rotate the lubricating oil in the inner cavity, so that partial pressure axially outwards is generated, the partial pressure enables the lubricating oil to flow outwards along the axial direction, the immersion of solid suspended particles in the sewage is prevented, the distance between the two groups of matching ring bodies is matched with the limiting ring, the lubricating oil in the inner cavity is prevented from backwards entering the gap between the limiting ring body and the matching ring body, when the speed reducer does not work in the deep water of the sewage, the second pump body pumps the lubricating oil in the inner cavity into the oil cavity, and the ion soft nitriding and post oxidation composite treatment is carried out on the surfaces of the workpieces due to the matching of the ring body, the spiral shaft, the limiting ring and the lubricating component, so that the surfaces of the workpieces have high-hardness wear resistance and excellent corrosion resistance, and the transmission gears in the speed reducer are hard-tooth-surface gears, so that the high bearing capacity of the gears is ensured, and the lubricating oil pump can adapt to long-time work in deep water of sewage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall cross-sectional plane structure of the speed reducer for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plane structure diagram of a first box body of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a transmission shaft of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lubricating assembly of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a suit assembly of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic plane structure diagram of an oil slinger of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic plane structure diagram of a second box body of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an output shaft of the speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment of the invention.

In the figure: 1. a first case; 11. a drive shaft; 111. a ring block; 112. an annular groove; 113. mounting grooves; 12. lubricating oil; 13. a lubrication assembly; 131. an oil slinger; 1311. a first inclined groove; 1312. a first angled hole; 1313. an oil splashing hole; 1314. a second inclined groove; 1315. a second angled hole; 132. sleeving the assembly; 1321. a bearing housing; 1322. a ball bearing; 133. a telescoping assembly; 1331. a fixed block; 1332. a telescopic rod; 134. a mating groove; 2. a second case; 21. an inner cavity; 22. a limiting ring; 23. an oil chamber; 231. a first communication pipe; 232. a first pump body; 233. a second communicating pipe; 234. a second pump body; 3. an input shaft; 4. an output shaft; 41. a mating ring body; 42. a screw shaft; 421. a first spiral body; 422. a second spiral body; 423. and a third spiral body.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to solve the technical problems that when a traditional speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment works, the internal structure of the speed reducer is easily abraded due to the fact that the speed reducer is not convenient to splash and lubricate by utilizing the rotation of a transmission shaft, the transmission of a gear is not precise enough, and the transmission effect of the speed reducer is affected, the following preferable technical scheme is provided as shown in fig. 1-7:

a speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment comprises a first box body 1 and an input shaft 3 arranged in the first box body 1, wherein a second box body 2 is arranged on one side of the first box body 1, an output shaft 4 is arranged in the second box body 2, the first box body 1 comprises a transmission shaft 11 arranged in the first box body 1 and lubricating oil 12 arranged at the lower end in the first box body 1, a lubricating component 13 is arranged on the outer side of the transmission shaft 11, one vertical end of the lubricating component 13 is positioned in the lubricating oil 12, one end of the transmission shaft 11 is connected with the input shaft 3, the lubricating component 13 comprises a sleeving component 132 sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft 11 and an oil slinger 131 sleeved on the outer side of the sleeving component 132, the lubricating component 13 further comprises a matching groove 134 arranged in the oil slinger 131 and a telescopic component 133 arranged at one end in the oil slinger 131, and the sleeving component 132 is embedded in the matching groove 134, the transmission shaft 11 is including setting up the annular piece 111 in the transmission shaft 11 outside and setting up the annular groove 112 in annular piece 111 side, and annular piece 111 sets up two sets ofly, two sets of annular piece 111 interval forms mounting groove 113, the suit subassembly 132 suit is in the mounting groove 113 outside, the suit subassembly 132 includes the bearing housing 1321 of suit in the mounting groove 113 outside and the ball 1322 who evenly sets up in the bearing housing 1321 side, and ball 1322 sets up the multiunit, ball 1322 gomphosis is inside annular groove 112, the gomphosis of the bearing housing 1321 outside is inside cooperation groove 134.

The oil slinger 131 comprises a first inclined groove 1311 arranged on one side of two ends of the oil slinger 131 and a second inclined groove 1314 arranged on the other side of the two ends of the oil slinger 131, the first inclined groove 1311 and the second inclined groove 1314 face oppositely, a first inclined hole 1312 is arranged outside the first inclined groove 1311, the first inclined hole 1312 faces the same direction as the first inclined groove 1311, and a plurality of groups are arranged, a second inclined hole 1315 is arranged outside the second inclined groove 1314, the second inclined hole 1315 faces the same direction as the second inclined groove 1314, a plurality of groups are arranged, an oil splashing hole 1313 is arranged in the middle of the oil slinger 131, a plurality of groups of oil splashing holes 1313 are arranged, the telescopic component 133 comprises a fixed block 1331 arranged at one end inside the oil slinger 131 and a telescopic rod 1332 arranged inside the fixed block 1331, two groups of telescopic rods 1332 are arranged, one end of the two groups of telescopic rods 1332 is connected with the side surface of the sleeving component 132, and when the telescopic rod 1332 is contracted, one end of the oil slinger 131 far away from the fixing block 1331 is in contact with the lubricating oil 12, and when the telescopic rod 1332 extends out, one end of the oil slinger 131 provided with the fixing block 1331 is in contact with the lubricating oil 12.

Specifically, one end of the input shaft 3 is connected to the transmission shaft 11, the input shaft 3 can drive the transmission shaft 11 to rotate, because the sheathing assembly 132 is sheathed outside the transmission shaft 11, and the sheathing assembly 132 is disposed inside the oil slinger 131, at this time, the telescopic rod 1332 extends out, the sheathing assembly 132 is disposed inside one end of the matching groove 134 far away from the telescopic assembly 133, the oil slinger 131 rotates while the transmission shaft 11 rotates, one end of the oil slinger 131 provided with the telescopic assembly 133 contacts with the lubricating oil 12, that is, the first inclined groove 1311, the first inclined hole 1312, the oil splashing hole 1313, the second inclined groove 1314 and the second inclined hole 1315 all contact with the lubricating oil 12, the first inclined groove 1311 and the second inclined groove 1314 splash the lubricating oil 12 to two sides of the oil slinger 131 to lubricate gear structures on two sides of the oil slinger 131, and the plurality of oil splashing holes 1313, the first inclined hole 1312 and the second inclined hole 1315 are disposed, the first inclined holes 1312 and the first inclined grooves 1311 are oriented in the same direction, and a plurality of sets of the first inclined holes 1312 and the second inclined holes 1315 and the second inclined grooves 1314 are oriented in the same direction, so that the oil slinger 131 can bring more lubricating oil 12 splashed by the rotation of the oil slinger 131, a better lubricating effect is achieved, and the transmission structure is more stable.

In order to solve the technical problem that the splash lubrication structure of the linkage transmission shaft is inconvenient to adjust and affects the transmission efficiency of the speed reducer when the lubrication effect is sufficient, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the following preferable technical scheme is provided:

the sleeving assembly 132 comprises a bearing sleeve 1321 sleeved outside the mounting groove 113 and balls 1322 evenly arranged on the side face of the bearing sleeve 1321, the balls 1322 are provided with a plurality of groups, the balls 1322 are embedded inside the annular groove 112, the outer side of the bearing sleeve 1321 is embedded inside the matching groove 134, the telescopic assembly 133 comprises a fixed block 1331 arranged at one end inside the oil slinger 131 and a telescopic rod 1332 arranged inside the fixed block 1331, the telescopic rod 1332 is provided with two groups, one end of each of the two groups of telescopic rods 1332 is connected with the side face of the sleeving assembly 132, when the telescopic rod 1332 is contracted, one end of the oil slinger 131 far away from the fixed block 1331 is contacted with lubricating oil 12, and when the telescopic rod 1332 extends, one end of the oil slinger 131 provided with the fixed block 1331 is contacted with the lubricating oil 12.

Specifically, when the telescopic rod 1332 is extended, the oil slinger 131 carries more splashed lubricating oil 12, but the oil slinger 131 is sleeved outside the transmission shaft 11 through the sleeving component 132, so that the transmission efficiency of the reduction gearbox can be influenced, when the gear structure inside the reduction gearbox is sufficiently lubricated, the telescopic rod 1332 can be driven to shrink, at the moment, the sleeving component 132 moves inside the matching groove 134, and the position of the sleeving component is positioned on one side of the fixing block 1331, when the transmission shaft 11 rotates to drive the oil slinger 131 to rotate, one end of the oil slinger 131, which is not provided with the fixing block 1331, can be contacted with the lubricating oil 12, at the moment, the depth of the lubricating oil 12 contacted with the oil slinger 131 is shallow, namely, the rotating eccentric structure force arm of the oil slinger 131 is shorter, at the moment, the splashed lubricating oil 12 can be carried out less, but the influence on the transmission efficiency of the reduction gearbox is reduced.

In order to solve the technical problem that the traditional speed reducer is inconvenient to arrange a spiral component at the position of an output shaft, and liquid in the speed reducer is pushed under the rotation action of the output shaft to generate partial pressure outwards in the axial direction and prevent solid suspended particles from immersing, as shown in fig. 8-9, the following preferable technical scheme is provided:

the second box body 2 comprises an inner cavity 21 arranged in the second box body 2 and a limiting ring 22 arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity 21, and the limiting ring 22 is provided with a plurality of groups, the second box body 2 also comprises an oil cavity 23 arranged at the bottom of the second box body 2, the oil cavity 23 comprises a first communicating pipe 231 arranged at one side of the oil cavity 23 and a first pump body 232 arranged at the outer side of the first communicating pipe 231, the first communicating pipe 231 is communicated with the inner cavity 21, the oil cavity 23 also comprises a second communicating pipe 233 arranged at the same side of the oil cavity 23, the outer side of the second communicating pipe 233 is provided with a second pump body 234, the second communicating pipe 233 is communicated with the inner cavity 21, the output shaft 4 comprises a matching ring body 41 and a screw shaft 42 arranged at the outer side of the output shaft 4, the matching ring body 41 is provided with a plurality of groups, the space between the two groups of matching ring bodies 41 is matched with the limiting ring 22, and the screw shaft 42 is positioned right above the oil cavity 23, the screw shaft 42 comprises a first screw 421, a second screw 422 and a third screw 423 which are arranged on the outer side of the screw shaft 42, the diameter of the third screw 423 is larger than that of the second screw 422, the diameter of the second screw 422 is larger than that of the first screw 421, the matching ring body 41, the screw shaft 42, the limiting ring 22 and the lubricating assembly 13 are all subjected to ion soft nitriding and post oxidation composite treatment, and transmission gears in the speed reducer are all hard-tooth-surface gears.

Specifically, when the speed reducer works in the deep water of sewage, the output shaft 4 rotates to drive the matching ring body 41 and the screw shaft 42 to rotate, and meanwhile, the lubricating oil in the oil cavity 23 enters the inner cavity 21 under the action of the first pump body 232, because the diameter of the third spiral body 423 is larger than that of the second spiral body 422, and the diameter of the second spiral body 422 is larger than that of the first spiral body 421, the rotation of the output shaft 4 can rotate the lubricating oil in the inner cavity 21 to generate an axially outward partial pressure, the partial pressure enables the lubricating oil to flow outwards along the axial direction, so as to prevent the solid suspended particles in the sewage from immersing, and because the matching ring body 41, the screw shaft 42, the spacing ring 22 and the lubricating component 13 are all subjected to ion soft nitriding and post oxidation combined treatment, the surface of the workpiece has high-hardness wear resistance and excellent corrosion resistance, the inside drive gear of speed reducer all adopts the hard tooth face gear, has guaranteed the high bearing capacity of gear, can adapt to and carry out long-time work in the deep water department of sewage, and interval department and spacing ring 22 phase-match between two sets of cooperation rings 41 prevent that the inside lubricated type oil of inner chamber 21 from getting into spacing ring 22 and cooperation rings 41 clearance department backward, and when the speed reducer does not carry out the during operation in the depths of sewage, the second pump body 234 is inside with the inside lubricated type oil pumping oil chamber 23 of inner chamber 21.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a deep water counter pressure sewage treatment special speed reducer, includes first box (1) and sets up input shaft (3) inside first box (1), and first box (1) one side is provided with second box (2), and second box (2) inside is provided with output shaft (4), its characterized in that: the first box body (1) comprises a transmission shaft (11) arranged inside the first box body (1) and lubricating oil (12) arranged at the lower end inside the first box body (1), a lubricating component (13) is arranged on the outer side of the transmission shaft (11), one vertical end of the lubricating component (13) is positioned inside the lubricating oil (12), and one end of the transmission shaft (11) is connected with the input shaft (3);

the lubricating assembly (13) comprises an assembly component (132) sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft (11) and an oil slinger (131) sleeved on the outer side of the assembly component (132), the lubricating assembly (13) further comprises a matching groove (134) formed in the oil slinger (131) and a telescopic assembly (133) arranged at one end of the inner portion of the oil slinger (131), and the assembly component (132) is embedded in the matching groove (134); the telescopic assembly (133) comprises a fixing block (1331) arranged at one end inside the oil slinger (131) and a telescopic rod (1332) arranged inside the fixing block (1331), the telescopic rods (1332) are arranged in two groups, one end of each of the two groups of telescopic rods (1332) is connected with the side face of the sleeving assembly (132), when the telescopic rods (1332) contract, one end of the oil slinger (131) far away from the fixing block (1331) is contacted with lubricating oil (12), and when the telescopic rods (1332) extend out, one end of the oil slinger (131) provided with the fixing block (1331) is contacted with the lubricating oil (12).

2. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: transmission shaft (11) are including setting up ring block (111) in transmission shaft (11) outside and setting up ring channel (112) in ring block (111) side, and ring block (111) sets up two sets ofly, two sets of ring block (111) interval form mounting groove (113), suit subassembly (132) suit is in mounting groove (113) outside.

3. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sleeving assembly (132) comprises a bearing sleeve (1321) sleeved on the outer side of the mounting groove (113) and balls (1322) uniformly arranged on the side face of the bearing sleeve (1321), the balls (1322) are arranged in multiple groups, the balls (1322) are embedded in the annular groove (112), and the outer side of the bearing sleeve (1321) is embedded in the matching groove (134).

4. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil slinger (131) comprises a first inclined groove (1311) and a second inclined groove (1314), wherein the first inclined groove (1311) and the second inclined groove (1314) are arranged on one side of two ends of the oil slinger (131), the orientations of the first inclined groove (1311) and the second inclined groove (1314) are opposite, a first inclined hole (1312) is formed in the outer side of the first inclined groove (1311), the orientation of the first inclined hole (1312) is the same as that of the first inclined groove (1311), and a plurality of groups are arranged, a second inclined hole (1315) is formed in the outer side of the second inclined groove (1314), the orientation of the second inclined hole (1315) is the same as that of the second inclined groove (1314), a plurality of groups are arranged, an oil splashing hole (1313) is formed in the middle of the oil slinger (131), and a plurality of groups of oil splashing holes (1313) are formed.

5. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second box body (2) comprises an inner cavity (21) arranged inside the second box body (2) and limiting rings (22) arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity (21), the limiting rings (22) are provided with a plurality of groups, and the second box body (2) further comprises an oil cavity (23) arranged at the bottom of the second box body (2).

6. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 5, wherein: the oil chamber (23) comprises a first communicating pipe (231) arranged on one side of the oil chamber (23) and a first pump body (232) arranged on the outer side of the first communicating pipe (231), the first communicating pipe (231) is communicated with the inner side of the inner chamber (21), the oil chamber (23) further comprises a second communicating pipe (233) arranged on the same side of the oil chamber (23), a second pump body (234) is arranged on the outer side of the second communicating pipe (233), and the second communicating pipe (233) is communicated with the inner side of the inner chamber (21).

7. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 5, wherein: the output shaft (4) comprises matching ring bodies (41) and screw shafts (42) which are arranged on the outer side of the output shaft (4), the matching ring bodies (41) are provided with a plurality of groups, the distance between the two groups of matching ring bodies (41) is matched with the limiting ring (22), and the screw shafts (42) are positioned right above the oil cavity (23).

8. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the screw shaft (42) comprises a first screw body (421), a second screw body (422) and a third screw body (423) which are arranged outside the screw shaft (42), the diameter of the third screw body (423) is larger than that of the second screw body (422), and the diameter of the second screw body (422) is larger than that of the first screw body (421).

9. The speed reducer special for deep water back pressure sewage treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the matching ring body (41), the screw shaft (42), the limiting ring (22) and the lubricating component (13) are subjected to ion soft nitriding and post oxidation composite treatment, and transmission gears in the reducer are hard tooth surface gears.