CN110594366A - An oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloidal pinwheel reducer, which comprises: end covers on both sides, and coaxial transmission: an input shaft and an output shaft; the cycloidal wheel is sleeved on the input shaft through a bearing On the top, the cycloidal wheel meshes with the pin gear sleeve; at the same time, the cycloidal wheel is linked with the output shaft through the pin; From the shaft end face to the cylindrical surface oil guide hole; on the end cover, there are oil guide grooves corresponding to the pin gear shaft end oil guide hole and the column pin shaft end oil guide hole respectively; on the end cover, there is an oil inlet for the oil guide groove ; There are oil drain holes on the shell of the pin teeth. The cycloid pin gear reducer changes the friction between the cycloid wheel and the pin gear sleeve, and between the cycloid wheel and the pin sleeve from sliding friction to rolling friction. As pressure oil, hydrodynamic lubrication is established, and the circulating lubricating oil conducts the heat inside the reducer to the outside of the reducer.

Description

An oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission structures, in particular to an oil-hydraulic dynamic lubrication and cooling cycloidal pinwheel reducer.

Background technique

Cycloidal pin gear reducer is a novel transmission device that applies the principle of planetary transmission and adopts cycloid pin-tooth meshing. The entire transmission device of the cycloid reducer can be divided into three parts: input part, deceleration part and output part. A double eccentric sleeve with 180° misalignment is installed on the input shaft, and two roller bearings called rotating arms are installed on the eccentric sleeve to form an H mechanism. The center holes of the two cycloid wheels are the upper rotating arm bearings of the eccentric sleeve. The raceway, and the cycloid wheel meshes with a set of circularly arranged needle teeth on the pin gear to form an internal meshing reduction mechanism with a tooth difference. In order to reduce friction, in a reducer with a small speed ratio, There is a pin tooth cover on the pin tooth.

At present, the commonly used lubrication method for cycloidal pinwheel reducers is grease lubrication, which has high viscosity and poor lubrication effect. If oil lubrication is used, the lubricating oil must be replaced regularly. There is often sliding friction between the cycloid wheel, the pin wheel, and the pin, with high friction coefficient, large loss, and obvious temperature rise, resulting in low transmission efficiency of the cycloid pin wheel reducer, which does not meet the current general trend of energy saving and emission reduction.

Contents of the invention

The technical proposal of the present invention is: an oil-hydraulic dynamic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer, the structure of which is mainly based on an input shaft and an output shaft.

An eccentric sleeve is fitted on the input shaft, and the eccentric sleeve is fixed on the input shaft through a key connection or the like. The bearing part is coaxially set on the eccentric sleeve, the cycloidal wheel is installed on the bearing part, and the inner hole of the cycloidal wheel is set as the outer ring of the bearing part.

The cycloidal wheel meshes with the pin gear sleeve, and the pin gear sleeve floats on the rotating surface of the pin teeth, and the shaft ends of the pin teeth are fixed on the output side end cover and the input side end cover.

The cycloidal wheel is provided with a pin sleeve hole matching the pin sleeve, and the pin sleeve is floatingly sleeved on the pin, and the shaft end of the pin is fixed on the output shaft and the output support plate.

The pin teeth and the pin gear sleeve are located in the pin gear housing, and the pin gear housing is connected with the input side end cover and the output side end cover. The input side end cover is supported on the input shaft through the first bearing, and an oil seal is arranged between the two. The output side end cover is supported on the output shaft through the second bearing, and an oil seal is also arranged between the two.

In order to solve the lubrication problem between the structures, oil holes are further set on the pin teeth and pins:

Axial oil guide holes are set on the pin teeth, and radial oil guide through holes are opened in the radial direction of the pin teeth. The axial oil guide holes communicate with the radial oil guide holes, and the lubricating oil at the shaft end can be introduced between the pin teeth and the pin gear sleeves. between.

An axial oil guide hole is also opened on the column pin, and a radial oil guide through hole is also opened in the radial direction of the column pin. Between pin sets.

In order to ensure the normal flow of lubricating oil, assembly clearances are required between the output side end cover and the output shaft, and between the input side end cover and the output support plate to ensure that the oil pressure can be established. At the same time, two oil guide grooves are provided on the output side end cover or the input side end cover, the axial oil guide hole at the shaft end of the pin gear corresponds to one oil guide groove, and the axial oil guide hole at the pin shaft end corresponds to the other oil guide groove. An oil inlet port is arranged corresponding to each oil guide groove on the output side end cover and the output side end cover, and an oil discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the pin gear sleeve at the same time.

Further, an oil pump, a filter, an oil tank and a cooler are arranged outside the cycloid reducer.

The lubricating oil in the oil tank is driven into the oil inlet by the oil pump after passing through the filter, and the lubricating oil flows back into the oil tank from the oil discharge hole after passing through the flow in the cycloid reducer. At the same time, the cooler on the oil tank can cool the lubricating oil in the oil tank in time.

In order to ensure the oil pressure stability of the lubricating oil, the height of the oil tank is lower than that of the cycloid reducer.

The advantages of the present invention are: the friction between the cycloidal wheel, the pin gear sleeve and the cycloid wheel and the pin sleeve of the reducer structure changes from sliding friction to rolling friction, and the pin teeth, the pin gear sleeve and the pin, the pin The pressure oil between the sleeves establishes hydrodynamic lubrication, avoids metal friction, greatly reduces friction loss, improves system efficiency, and reduces temperature rise.

In addition, the lubricating oil entering the cycloidal pin gear reducer can also play the role of lubricating the cycloidal wheel, further reducing the friction between the cycloidal wheel and the pin gear sleeve and pin sleeve. Finally, the circulating lubricating oil takes the temperature rise caused by friction out of the cycloidal pinwheel reducer, avoiding the increase in temperature of the cycloidal pinwheel and aggravating wear.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:

Figure 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the cycloid reducer;

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the output side end cover;

Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of pin tooth;

Fig. 4 is the structural diagram of column pin;

Fig. 5 is a state diagram of lubricating oil between the pin teeth and the pin gear sleeve;

Figure 6 is a working state diagram of the cycloidal pinwheel reducer and its external structure;

Among them: 1. Input shaft; 2. Eccentric sleeve; 3. Key connection; 4. Bearing parts; 5. Cycloidal wheel; 6. Pin gear sleeve; 7. Pin gear; 8. Pin gear housing; 10, column pin; 11, output shaft; 12, output support plate; 13, input side end cover; 14, output side end cover; 15, first oil seal; 16, second oil seal; 17, oil pump; 18, filter 19, oil tank; 20, cooler; 51, inner hole of cycloidal wheel; 52, column pin sleeve hole; 71, pin tooth axial oil guide hole; 72, pin tooth radial oil guide hole; 101, column pin shaft guide Oil hole; 102, column pin radial oil guide through hole; 141, oil inlet; 142, oil guide groove; 81, oil discharge hole.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1-5, the input shaft 1 is coaxially fitted with an eccentric sleeve 2, and the eccentric sleeve 2 is fixed on the input shaft 1 through a key connection 3. The bearing part 4 is coaxially set on the eccentric sleeve 2, the cycloid wheel 5 is installed on the bearing part 4, and the inner hole 51 of the cycloid wheel is set as the outer ring of the bearing part 4.

The cycloidal wheel 5 meshes with the pin gear sleeve 6, and the pin gear sleeve 6 floats on the rotating surface of the pin gear 7, and the shaft ends of the pin gear 7 are fixed on the output side end cover 14 and the input side end cover 13. The pin teeth 7 and the pin gear sleeve 6 are located in the pin gear housing 8 , and the pin gear housing 8 is connected with the input side end cover 13 and the output side end cover 14 .

The cycloidal wheel 5 is provided with a pin sleeve hole 52 matching the pin sleeve 9, and the pin sleeve 9 is floatingly sleeved on the pin 10, and the shaft end of the pin 10 is fixed on the output shaft 11 and the output support plate 12. .

The input-side end cover 13 is supported on the input shaft 1 through a first bearing, and a first oil seal 15 is arranged between them. The output side end cover 14 is supported on the output shaft 11 through the second bearing, and the second oil seal 16 is also arranged between the two.

A pin tooth axial oil guide hole 71 is opened on the pin tooth 7, and a pin tooth radial oil guide through hole 72 is opened in the radial direction of the pin tooth 7. The pin tooth axial oil guide hole 71 communicates with the pin tooth radial oil guide hole 72, The lubricating oil at the shaft end of the pin tooth 7 can be introduced between the pin tooth 7 and the pin tooth sleeve 6 .

A column pin axial oil guide hole 101 is also opened on the column pin 10, and a column pin radial oil guide through hole 102 is also opened in the radial direction of the column pin 10. The column pin axial oil guide hole 101 and the column pin radial oil guide through hole Connected to 102 , the lubricating oil at the shaft end of the pin 10 can be introduced between the pin 10 and the pin sleeve 9 .

In order to ensure the normal circulation of lubricating oil, it is ensured that oil pressure can be established between the output side end cover 14 and the output shaft 11 . At the same time, two oil guide grooves 142 are provided on the output side end cover 14 or the input side end cover 13, the pin gear axial oil guide hole 71 at the shaft end of the pin tooth 7 corresponds to one oil guide groove, and the pin axial oil guide hole 71 at the shaft end of the pin 10 Hole 101 corresponds to another oil guide groove. An oil inlet 141 is arranged on the input side end cover 13 and the output side end cover 14 corresponding to each oil guide groove, and an oil discharge hole 81 is arranged on the bottom of the pin tooth sleeve 8 at the same time.

Example 2:

As shown in FIG. 6 , an oil pump 17 , a filter 18 , an oil tank 19 and a cooler 20 are arranged outside the cycloid reducer. One end of the oil pump 17 is connected to the oil inlet 141 , and the other end of the oil pump 17 is connected to the oil tank 19 after passing through the filter 18 .

The lubricating oil in the oil tank 19 is pumped into the oil inlet 141 by the oil pump 17 after passing through the filter 20, and the lubricating oil flows back in the oil tank 19 from the oil discharge hole 81 after passing through the flow in the cycloidal pinwheel reducer. At the same time, the cooler 20 on the oil tank 19 can cool the lubricating oil in the oil tank 19 in time.

In order to ensure the oil pressure stability of the lubricating oil, the height of the oil tank is lower than that of the cycloid reducer.

Example 3:

When the input shaft 1 has input, the input shaft 1 drives the eccentric sleeve 2 to rotate, and the cycloidal wheel 5 and the eccentric sleeve 2 rotate together. During the rotation of the cycloidal wheel 5, the tooth surface of the cycloidal wheel 5 and the pin tooth sleeve 8 meshing, so that the pin tooth sleeve 8 rotates around the pin tooth 7, at the same time, the pin sleeve hole 52 on the cycloid wheel 5 carries the pin sleeve 9 around the pin 10, and the pin sleeve 9 rotates around the output The shaft 11 revolves around the axis, and the column pin 10 is output with the output shaft 11 .

When the input shaft 1 rotates, the oil pump 17 works to pump lubricating and cooling oil with a certain temperature and flow rate into the cycloid reducer through the oil inlet 141 on the output side end cover 14, and the lubricating and cooling oil passes through the oil guide groove 142 Respectively enter in the axial oil guide hole of the needle tooth 7 and the axial oil guide hole of the pin 10, and then enter into the radial oil guide through hole of the pin tooth 7 and the radial oil guide through hole of the pin 10. Between the needle tooth 7 and the needle tooth sleeve 6; there is an assembly gap between the pin 10 and the pin sleeve 9. After the lubricating oil enters the gap, the gap between the pin tooth 7 and the pin tooth sleeve 6 and the pin 10, Fill up the gap between pin sleeve 9, and make pin tooth 7, pin sleeve 6; column pin 10, pin sleeve 9 separate, that is, pin sleeve 6 rotates around pin There is no metal-to-metal friction when the pin 11 rotates, which greatly reduces friction loss.

The lubricating oil enters the cycloidal pin gear reducer from the openings at both ends of the pin gear sleeve 6 and pin sleeve 9, and can also lubricate the cycloid gear, pin gear sleeve 6, cycloid gear 5 and pin 10, further reducing friction loss. Finally, the lubricating oil inside the cycloidal wheel gathers to the oil drain hole 81 at the bottom of the pin gear housing, returns to the oil tank 17, and is cooled by the cooler 20.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative to illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the disclosed spirit and technical idea of the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A cycloidal pin gear reducer with hydraulic lubrication and cooling, including: end covers on both sides, and coaxial transmission: input shaft and output shaft; the cycloidal wheel is set on the input shaft through a bearing , the cycloidal wheel meshes with the pin gear sleeve; at the same time, the cycloidal wheel is linked with the output shaft through the pin; it is characterized in that: the pin gear cover is set on the rotating surface of the pin tooth, and the cylindrical surface of the pin Outer sleeve pin sleeve; the pin teeth and pin are provided with oil guide holes leading from the shaft end surface to the rotary surface; the end cover is provided with corresponding pin gear shaft end oil guide holes and pin shaft end oil guide holes The oil guide groove; the end cover is provided with an oil inlet for the oil guide groove; the outer shell of the pin teeth is provided with an oil discharge hole. 2. An oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input shaft is fitted with an eccentric sleeve through a key connection; the eccentric sleeve is fitted with a bearing Set the cycloidal wheel in one piece. 3. A cycloidal pin gear reducer with oil dynamic lubrication and cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cycloidal wheel includes an axial inner hole; the inner hole is used as the bearing the outer ring. 4. An oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the output shaft is supported on the input shaft through the first bearing, and the output support plate It is fixed on the input shaft through the second bearing. 5 . The oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer according to claim 4 , wherein the end covers are provided with oil seals. 5 . 6. A cycloidal pin gear reducer with oil dynamic lubrication and cooling according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the oil inlet is connected to an oil pump, and the oil pump is connected to the oil tank, and the oil pump and the oil tank A filter is arranged between; the oil discharge hole is connected to the oil tank. 7 . The oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer according to claim 5 , wherein the height of the oil tank is lower than that of the cycloid reducer. 8 . The oil-hydraulic lubrication and cooling cycloid reducer according to claim 7 , wherein a cooler is also provided on the oil tank.