CN108561521B - Lubrication structure of screw rod device - Google Patents

Lubrication structure of screw rod device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108561521B
CN108561521B CN201810790284.7A CN201810790284A CN108561521B CN 108561521 B CN108561521 B CN 108561521B CN 201810790284 A CN201810790284 A CN 201810790284A CN 108561521 B CN108561521 B CN 108561521B
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China
Prior art keywords
oil guide
nut
screw
oil
spacer ring
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CN201810790284.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108561521A (en
Inventor
林卫斌
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Suzhou Deyung Cnc Machinery Co ltd
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Suzhou Deyung Cnc Machinery Co ltd
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Priority to CN201810790284.7A priority Critical patent/CN108561521B/en
Publication of CN108561521A publication Critical patent/CN108561521A/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042Guidance of lubricant

Abstract

The application discloses a lubrication structure of lead screw device includes: the screw rod and the screw rod nut are arranged on the workbench above the screw rod; the workbench is connected with the screw nut by a transmission component; the transmission assembly includes: the nut seat, two bearings, an inner spacer ring and an outer spacer ring; the nut seat is provided with an oil hole communicated with the nut sleeve hole, the annular wall of the outer partition ring is radially penetrated and provided with a first oil guide hole communicated with the oil hole, the annular wall of the inner partition ring is radially penetrated and provided with a second oil guide hole communicated with the first oil guide hole, and the screw nut is radially penetrated and provided with a third oil guide hole communicated with the second oil guide hole. The screw rod device has a simple and ingenious structure, the lubricating effect on the screw rod device can be greatly improved, and the using amount of lubricating oil is saved.

Description

Lubrication structure of screw rod device
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of screw rods, in particular to a lubrication structure of a screw rod device, which is mainly applied to a machine tool.
Background
In the prior art, the lubrication structure design of components such as a screw nut, a screw rod, a bearing and the like in the screw rod device is unreasonable. As shown in fig. 1, lubricating oil is intermittently input through the copper pipe below the workbench, the screw nut is provided with an oil inlet hole in a penetrating way, the nut rotates along the circumferential direction and moves linearly relative to the screw, and the lubricating oil flows out of the copper pipe 9 in fig. 1 and drops into the oil inlet hole of the screw nut, so that the screw nut and the screw are lubricated. When the workbench axially runs normally, the oiling machine is generally set to be oiled for one time of 120 seconds, and the oiling time is 15 seconds each time.
The following disadvantages exist:
firstly, the oil pipe is inconvenient to install and fix;
secondly, the lubrication oil drop inlet of the copper pipe is not well corrected, and the waste rate is high;
thirdly, the oil inlet of the screw nut is exposed, impurities are easy to enter, and the service life of the screw device is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is as follows: aiming at the problems, a simple and ingenious screw rod device lubricating structure is provided, the purpose of improving the lubricating effect of the screw rod device and saving the using amount of lubricating oil is achieved.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a lubrication structure of a screw device, comprising:
a screw rod, wherein the screw rod is provided with a screw hole,
screw nut in threaded sleeve joint with the screw rod
A workbench arranged above the screw rod;
the workbench is connected with the screw nut by a transmission component, so that the screw nut and the workbench are relatively fixed in the axial direction of the screw, and the screw nut can rotate circumferentially relative to the workbench;
the transmission assembly includes:
the nut seat is sleeved outside the screw rod nut by virtue of a nut sleeve hole which is arranged in the nut seat in a penetrating way, and the workbench is fixedly connected with the nut seat;
the two bearings are contained in the nut sleeve hole and supported between the nut seat and the screw nut at intervals, the bearings comprise a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring which can rotate relatively, the bearing inner ring is abutted and fixed with the screw nut, and the bearing outer ring is abutted and fixed with the nut seat;
the inner spacer ring is accommodated in the nut sleeve hole and is axially fixedly clamped between the bearing inner rings of the two bearings; and
the outer spacer ring is sleeved on the periphery of the inner spacer ring at intervals, is accommodated in the nut sleeve hole and is axially and fixedly clamped between the bearing outer rings of the two bearings;
the nut seat is provided with an oil hole communicated with the nut sleeve hole, the annular wall of the outer partition ring is radially and completely provided with a first oil guide hole communicated with the oil hole, the annular wall of the inner partition ring is radially and completely provided with a second oil guide hole communicated with the first oil guide hole, and the screw nut is radially and completely provided with a third oil guide hole communicated with the second oil guide hole.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the application further comprises the following preferable scheme:
the outer peripheral wall of the outer spacer ring is provided with a circle of first oil guide grooves which are arranged around the axis of the outer spacer ring, the inner side ends of the oil filling holes are communicated with the first oil guide grooves, and the outer side ends of the first oil guide holes are communicated with the first oil guide grooves.
The outer peripheral wall of the inner partition ring is provided with a circle of second oil guide grooves which are arranged around the axis of the inner partition ring, and the outer side ends of the second oil guide holes are communicated into the second oil guide grooves.
The inner peripheral wall of the inner partition ring is provided with a circle of third oil guide grooves which are arranged around the axis of the inner partition ring, and the outer side ends of the third oil guide holes are communicated with the third oil guide grooves.
The first oil guide holes, the second oil guide holes and the third oil guide holes are respectively provided with at least three oil guide holes, the first oil guide holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer spacer ring, the second oil guide holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner spacer ring, and the three oil guide holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the screw nut.
The first oil guide hole, the second oil guide hole and the third oil guide hole are respectively provided with ten oil guide holes.
The apertures of the first oil guide hole, the second oil guide hole and the third oil guide hole are all 5mm.
And the nut seat is also provided with an overflow hole communicated with the nut sleeve hole.
The overflow hole is arranged below the screw nut.
And a bidirectional angular contact thrust bearing is clamped between one bearing and the inner and outer spacing rings.
The application has the advantages that: the application adopts a brand-new very ingenious lubricating structure, is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and enables the service life of the screw rod to be at least prolonged by 2 years. The oiling interval time of the oiling machine can also be set to be 600 seconds for one time, the oiling time for one time is 15 seconds, and the lubricating oil saving rate is at least 5 times.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, in which the drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional screw rod device oiling structure;
FIG. 2 is one of the sectional views of the oiling structure of the screw device according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an external view of a lead screw device oiling structure in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a second cross-sectional view of the oiling structure of the screw device according to this embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a third cross-sectional view of the oiling structure of the screw device according to this embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion X of FIG. 5;
wherein: 1-screw rod, 2-screw rod nut, 201-third oil guide hole, 3-workbench, 4-screw rod seat, 4-bidirectional angular contact thrust bearing, 5-nut seat, 501-nut sleeve hole, 502-oil injection hole, 503-overflow hole, 6-bearing, 7-inner spacer ring, 701-second oil guide hole, 702-second oil guide groove, 703-third oil guide groove, 8-outer spacer ring, 801-first oil guide hole, 802-first oil guide groove and 9-copper pipe.
Detailed Description
The above-described aspects are further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present application and are not limiting the scope of the present application. The implementation conditions used in the examples may be further adjusted according to the conditions of the specific manufacturer, and the implementation conditions not specified are generally those in routine experiments.
Fig. 2 to 6 show a specific embodiment of a screw device lubrication structure of the type of the present application, which includes a screw 1 (screw shaft), a screw nut 2, and a table 3 of a conventional screw device. Wherein: the screw rod nut 2 is in threaded sleeve connection with the screw rod 1. The table 3 and the screw nut 2 are connected by means of a transmission assembly such that the screw nut 2 and the table 3 are relatively fixed in the axial direction of the screw 1 and the screw nut 2 is rotatable circumferentially relative to the table 3.
The rotation of the screw nut 2 is driven by a motor (not shown) which is fixed relative to the table 3.
When the screw rod mechanism works, the motor drives the screw rod nut 2 to rotate around the screw rod 1, and the screw rod nut rotating around the screw rod 1 linearly moves along the axial direction of the screw rod 1 while rotating due to the threaded cooperation. The screw nut 2 drives the workbench 3 adjacent to the screw nut to linearly move (the motor synchronously moves along with the workbench).
The key improvement of the embodiment is that the structural form of the transmission assembly comprises: nut seat 5, two bearings 6, interior spacer ring 7 and outer spacer ring 8. Wherein:
the nut seat 5 is sleeved outside the screw nut 2 by means of a nut sleeve hole 501 penetrating the nut seat, the aperture of the nut sleeve hole 501 is larger than the outer diameter of the screw nut 2, and a certain distance is formed between the nut seat and the screw nut, so that a ring-shaped cavity is formed between the nut seat and the screw nut. The workbench 3 is locked and fixed with the nut seat 5.
Both bearings 6 are accommodated in the nut socket 501 (arranged in the above-mentioned annular cylindrical cavity), and the two bearings 6 are supported between the nut seat 5 and the lead screw nut 2 at a distance from each other. The bearing 6 is a deep groove ball bearing, and comprises a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring which can rotate relatively, wherein the bearing inner ring is abutted and fixed with the screw nut 2, and the bearing outer ring is abutted and fixed with the nut seat 5.
The inner spacer ring 7 is also accommodated in the nut sleeve hole 501 and is axially fixed and sandwiched between the inner rings of the two bearings 6.
The outer spacer ring 8 is accommodated in the nut sleeve hole 501 and is axially fixed and clamped between the bearing outer rings of the two bearings 6, and the outer spacer ring 8 is sleeved at intervals on the periphery of the inner spacer ring 7.
When the screw nut 2 rotates, the screw nut 2 drives the inner spacer ring 7 fixed with the screw nut 2 and the bearing inner rings and rotation of the two bearings, and simultaneously directly drives the inner spacer ring 7 and the bearing inner rings to axially move along the screw 1, the bearing inner rings drive the bearing outer rings to axially move along the screw 1, the bearing outer rings push the outer spacer rings 8 to axially move along the screw 1, and the nut seat 5 is further axially moved along the screw 1, so that the workbench 3 is driven to move.
A further improvement of this embodiment is that the lubrication mechanism provided with the screw device adopts this structural form: the nut seat 5 is provided with an oil hole 502 which is communicated with the nut sleeve hole 501, a first oil guide hole 801 which is communicated with the oil hole 502 is radially and penetratingly arranged on the annular wall of the outer partition ring 8, a second oil guide hole 701 which is communicated with the first oil guide hole 801 is radially and penetratingly arranged on the annular wall of the inner partition ring 7, and a third oil guide hole 201 which is communicated with the second oil guide hole 701 is radially and penetratingly arranged on the screw nut 2.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, in operation, the oil injector injects lubricating oil from the oil injection hole 502 in the nut seat 5. The injected lubricating oil first flows into the first oil guide hole 801 of the outer spacer ring 8 and flows into the gap between the inner spacer ring 7 and the outer spacer ring 8 through the first oil guide hole. Part of the lubricating oil in the gap flows to the two axial sides to lubricate the bearing 6, and the other part flows radially inwards to enter the second oil guide hole 701 of the inner spacer ring 7, and flows into the third oil guide hole 201 of the screw nut 2 under the flow guidance of the second oil guide hole 701, so that the lubricating oil enters the threaded matching surface of the screw nut 2 and the screw 1 through the third oil guide hole 201, and lubricates the threaded matching surface of the screw nut 2 and the screw 1.
Because the outer spacer ring 8 is abutted against and fixed at the hole wall of the nut housing hole 501 on the nut seat 5, if the first oil guide hole 801 of the outer spacer ring 8 is not aligned with the oil injection hole 502 on the nut seat 5 precisely at the time of assembly, the lubricating oil injected from the oil injection hole 502 will not flow into the first oil guide hole 801 very smoothly. In this regard, we have further improved the above structure: a ring-shaped first oil guiding groove 802 which is arranged around the axis of the outer spacer ring is formed in the outer peripheral wall of the outer spacer ring 8, the inner side end of the oil filling hole 502 is communicated with the first oil guiding groove 802, and the outer side end of the first oil guiding hole 801 is communicated with the first oil guiding groove 802. In this way, even if the first oil guiding groove 802 is not accurately aligned with the oil filling hole 502 after the completion of the assembly, the lubricating oil filled from the oil filling hole 502 can smoothly flow into the first oil guiding groove 802, and then flow into the first oil guiding groove 802 from the first oil guiding groove 802.
Similarly, a ring-shaped third oil guiding groove 703 is formed on the inner peripheral wall of the inner spacer ring 7, and the outer end of the third oil guiding hole 201 is led to the third oil guiding groove 703. This allows the lubricating oil flowing out of the second oil guide hole 701 to smoothly flow into the third oil guide hole 201.
Although the lubricating oil in the gap between the inner and outer spacer rings can certainly smoothly flow into the second oil guiding holes 701 of the inner spacer ring 7, in order to make the flow smoother and more efficient, a circle of second oil guiding grooves 702 which are arranged around the axis of the inner spacer ring are also arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the inner spacer ring 7, and the outer ends of the second oil guiding holes 701 are communicated into the second oil guiding grooves 702.
In order to prevent the lubricant from flowing out of the bearings 6 axially to the environment, the present embodiment is provided with an oil seal structure (labyrinth ring, etc.) on the axially outer sides of the two bearings 6 to seal the lubricant in the nut sleeve hole 501.
In addition, in order to further enhance the lubrication effect, ten of the above-described first oil guide holes 801, second oil guide holes 701, and third oil guide holes 201 in the present embodiment are provided, respectively. The ten first oil guide holes 801 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer spacer ring 8, the ten second oil guide holes 701 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner spacer ring 7, and the ten three oil guide holes 201 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lead screw nut 2. In this embodiment, the apertures of the first oil guide hole 801, the second oil guide hole 701, and the third oil guide hole 201 are all 5mm.
Obviously, the above-described first oil guiding groove 802, second oil guiding groove 702 and third oil guiding groove 703 ensure smooth flow of lubricating oil to the respective oil guiding holes.
Considering that the lubricating performance of the lubricating oil is reduced after a period of operation, the nut seat 5 is also provided with a spillway hole 503 communicated with the nut sleeve hole 501, and when the injected lubricating oil reaches a certain amount, a part of the lubricating oil overflows from the spillway hole 503. The overflow hole 503 is located below the screw nut 2, and overflows by means of the gravity of the lubricating oil.
The actual measurement shows that the oiling interval time of the oiling machine can be set to be 600 seconds once, the oiling time is 15 seconds once, and the saving rate is at least 5 times.
After the assembly is considered, the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring and the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring should have continuous axial compression force so as to prevent the bearing, namely the inner spacer ring and the outer spacer ring from loosening. In this embodiment, a bidirectional angular contact thrust bearing 4 is further interposed between the right bearing 6 and the inner and outer spacer rings in fig. 1. The two-way angular contact thrust bearing 4 is utilized to realize the abutting of the outer spacer ring and the two bearing outer rings and the inner spacer ring and the two bearing inner rings. That is, the inner spacer ring (outer spacer ring) does not directly abut between the inner rings (outer rings) of the two bearings, but indirectly abuts between the inner rings (outer rings) of the two bearings by means of the bidirectional angular contact thrust bearing 4.
Of course, the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present application, and are intended to enable people to understand the content of the present application and implement the same, not to limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical solutions of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A lubrication structure of a screw device, comprising:
a screw rod (1),
a screw rod nut (2) in threaded sleeve joint with the screw rod
A workbench (3) arranged above the screw rod;
the workbench (3) is connected with the screw nut (2) by a transmission component, so that the screw nut (2) and the workbench (3) are relatively fixed in the axial direction of the screw (1), and the screw nut (2) can rotate circumferentially relative to the workbench (3);
characterized in that the transmission assembly comprises:
the nut seat (5) is sleeved outside the screw rod nut (2) by a nut sleeve hole (501) penetrating the nut seat (5), and the workbench (3) is fixedly connected with the nut seat (5);
two bearings (6), the two bearings (6) are accommodated in the nut sleeve hole (501) and supported between the nut seat (5) and the screw nut (2) at intervals, the bearings (6) comprise a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring which can rotate relatively, the bearing inner ring is abutted and fixed with the screw nut (2), and the bearing outer ring is abutted and fixed with the nut seat (5);
an inner spacer ring (7), wherein the inner spacer ring (7) is accommodated in the nut sleeve hole (501) and is axially fixedly clamped between the bearing inner rings of the two bearings (6); and
an outer spacer ring (8), wherein the outer spacer ring (8) is sleeved on the periphery of the inner spacer ring (7) at intervals, and the outer spacer ring (8) is accommodated in the nut sleeve hole (501) and is axially and fixedly clamped between the bearing outer rings of the two bearings (6);
an oil hole (502) communicated with the nut sleeve hole (501) is formed in the nut seat (5), a first oil guide hole (801) communicated with the oil hole (502) is formed in the annular wall of the outer spacer ring (8) in a radial penetrating manner, a second oil guide hole (701) communicated with the first oil guide hole (801) is formed in the annular wall of the inner spacer ring (7) in a radial penetrating manner, and a third oil guide hole (201) communicated with the second oil guide hole (701) is formed in the screw nut (2) in a radial penetrating manner;
a circle of first oil guide grooves (802) which are arranged around the axis of the outer spacer ring are formed in the outer peripheral wall of the outer spacer ring (8), the inner side ends of the oil filling holes (502) are communicated with the first oil guide grooves (802), and the outer side ends of the first oil guide holes (801) are communicated with the first oil guide grooves (802);
a circle of second oil guide grooves (702) which are arranged around the axis of the inner spacer ring are formed in the outer peripheral wall of the inner spacer ring (7), and the outer side ends of the second oil guide holes (701) are communicated into the second oil guide grooves (702).
2. A lubrication structure of a screw rod device according to claim 1, wherein a circle of third oil guiding grooves (703) which are arranged around the axis of the inner spacer ring are formed in the inner peripheral wall of the inner spacer ring (7), and the outer side ends of the third oil guiding holes (201) are communicated with the third oil guiding grooves (703).
3. The lubrication structure of a screw device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the first oil guide holes (801), the second oil guide holes (701), and the third oil guide holes (201) are each provided with at least three, and each of the first oil guide holes (801) is uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the outer spacer ring (8), each of the second oil guide holes (701) is uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the inner spacer ring (7), and each of the three oil guide holes (201) is uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the screw nut (2).
4. A lubrication structure of a screw device according to claim 3, wherein ten of the first oil guide holes (801), the second oil guide holes (701), and the third oil guide holes (201) are provided, respectively.
5. The lubrication structure of a screw device according to claim 4, wherein the first oil guide hole (801), the second oil guide hole (701), and the third oil guide hole (201) each have a hole diameter of 5mm.
6. A lubrication structure of a screw device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nut seat (5) is further provided with an overflow hole (503) communicating with the nut socket hole (501).
7. A lubrication structure of a screw arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the overflow aperture (503) is arranged below the screw nut (2).
8. A lubrication structure of a screw arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that a bidirectional angular contact thrust bearing (4) is arranged between one of the bearings (6) and the inner and outer spacer rings.
CN201810790284.7A 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Lubrication structure of screw rod device Active CN108561521B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810790284.7A CN108561521B (en) 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Lubrication structure of screw rod device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810790284.7A CN108561521B (en) 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Lubrication structure of screw rod device

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CN108561521A CN108561521A (en) 2018-09-21
CN108561521B true CN108561521B (en) 2024-02-13

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110486432A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-11-22 苏州奥智智能设备股份有限公司 Screw rod regulating mechanism
CN112211975A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-12 宁波双马机械工业有限公司 Self-lubricating ball screw pair
CN114233840B (en) * 2021-12-23 2023-03-28 苏州英特模科技股份有限公司 Self-lubricating connecting device

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CN103939551A (en) * 2014-03-18 2014-07-23 陕西汉江机床有限公司 Ball screw pair with nut main driving
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CN205064737U (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-03-02 江苏正太数控机床有限公司 Fix a position lead screw fast
CN205479205U (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-08-17 深圳市创世纪机械有限公司 Machining center lead screw lubrication sealing structure
DE102016104607A1 (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-14 Festo Ag & Co. Kg Carriage for a linear drive
CN208816621U (en) * 2018-07-18 2019-05-03 苏州德扬数控机械有限公司 The lubrication system of lead screw device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103511575A (en) * 2012-06-18 2014-01-15 上银科技股份有限公司 Ball screw device integrating dust prevention and lubrication
KR101462782B1 (en) * 2013-05-29 2014-11-20 하이윈 테크놀로지스 코포레이션 Transmission element having a lubricating structure of the rolling bodies are two annularly arranged at a distance
CN103939551A (en) * 2014-03-18 2014-07-23 陕西汉江机床有限公司 Ball screw pair with nut main driving
CN205064737U (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-03-02 江苏正太数控机床有限公司 Fix a position lead screw fast
CN205479205U (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-08-17 深圳市创世纪机械有限公司 Machining center lead screw lubrication sealing structure
DE102016104607A1 (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-09-14 Festo Ag & Co. Kg Carriage for a linear drive
CN208816621U (en) * 2018-07-18 2019-05-03 苏州德扬数控机械有限公司 The lubrication system of lead screw device

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