CN114524828A - 一种用于治疗神经重症的噻唑衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗神经重症的噻唑衍生物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有治疗神经重症作用的噻唑衍生物,其对阿尔茨海默症等疾病具有很好的治疗与康复作用,与现有药物相比,显示出实质性的科学进步和突出的有益效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一种具有治疗神经重症作用的噻唑衍生物,本发明还涉及所述衍生物的制备方法、药物组合物及用途。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默氏病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是一种发生在老年期或老年前期的神经重症,属于渐进性神经系统退化疾病,具有记忆力和其他认知障碍的逐步恶化,影响全球约4700万人。
改善疾病症状的最有效策略是使用胆碱酯酶(ChE)(称为乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和丁酰胆碱酯酶(BuChE)抑制剂)恢复乙酰胆碱(ACh)的水平。迄今为止,仅有的五种AD药物被FDA批准,其中四种是ChE抑制剂,其中卡巴拉汀,加兰他敏和多奈哌齐已在临床上使用。ChE是发现新的抗AD剂的最有价值和最主要的靶标之一。
哺乳动物体内除了AChE还存在着丁酰胆碱酯酶(BuChE),研究发现,丁酰胆碱酯酶也参与乙酰胆碱的代谢过程,在调节ACh的水平也起到了重要的作用,因此,近年来也有学者认为BuChE是一个潜在的治疗靶点。
自1888年Erdmann引入“磺内酯”一词来描述羟基磺酸的内酯以来,磺内酯部分已逐渐被用作药物化学中的结构支架,并表现出色的生物学和药理活性,例如抗HIV-I和HIV-II,抗人巨细胞病毒,抗丁酰胆碱酯酶,抗碳酸酐酶。杂环结构也可以广泛用作合成复杂天然药物的磺烷基化剂。
本发明使用芳基磺酰氟和吡唑啉酮通过硫(VI)氟化物交换化学方法制备了一类新型的具有胆碱酯酶抑制活性的磺内酯-融合的吡唑骨架,这在现有技术中并无报道。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:
本发明的第一个方面,是提供一种式1所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其具有如下结构:
优选地,所述药学上可接受的盐选自:盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、乙酸盐、草酸盐、酒石酸盐;
本发明的另一方面提供一种制备式1所示化合物的方法,其合成路线如下:
化合物2与化合物3在DBU作用下反应制得化合物1。
具体反应步骤如下:
向干燥的反应管(20mL)的溶液中加入硫磺酰氟化合物3(0.5mmol)和吡唑啉酮类化合物2(0.5mmol,1.0当量),DBU(36mg溶于10mL CH2Cl2,2mL,5-30mol%)和无机碱(0.5mmol,1.0当量)。在通过TLC监测的情况下,将所得混合物在室温下搅拌8-12小时。产物通过硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(石油醚/二氯甲烷=8:1)。
优选地,所述无机碱分别独立地选自碳酸钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾中的至少一种。
本发明的另一方面提供一种药物组合物,其包含式1所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂。
本发明另一方面涉及一种式1所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或包含其药物组合物在制备治疗或预防神经重症的药物中的应用;优选地,所述神经重症为阿尔茨海默症。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明提供了一类新的具有治疗神经重症作用的噻唑衍生物,拓宽了现有技术的范围,可作为先导化合物继续优化;
(2)本发明式1所示的化合物在药理试验中,显示出良好的治疗活性,能够用于预防和治疗阿尔茨海默症。
具体实施方式
在下文中更详细地描述了本发明以有助于对本发明的理解。本发明化合物可以用合成领域技术人员熟知的许多方法来制备。式1化合物可以使用下面列出的反应和技术连同合成有机化学领域已知的方法或本领域技术人员所理解的其变体来制备。优选的方法包括但不限于下面描述的那些方法。反应在适用于所用试剂和材料且适用于要实现的转化的溶剂中进行。此外,在下面描述的合成方法中,应理解所有建议的反应条件(包括溶剂、反应气氛、反应温度、实验持续时间和后处理程序的选择)都选择为该反应的标准条件,这应该被有机合成领域技术人员容易确认。并非所有落入给定类别的化合物可以与某些所述方法中需要的某些反应条件相容。对与反应条件相容的取代基的这些限制将对于本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的,并且可使用替代方法。
实施例1:化合物1的合成
向干燥的反应管(20mL)的溶液中加入硫磺酰氟化合物3(0.5mmol)和吡唑啉酮类化合物2(0.5mmol,1.0当量),DBU(36mg溶于10mL CH2Cl2形成溶液,取3mL)和NaHCO3(42mg,0.5mmol,1.0当量)。在通过TLC监测的情况下,将所得混合物在室温下搅拌15小时。产物通过硅胶柱色谱进行纯化(石油醚/二氯甲烷=7:1)。反应收率为66%,HPLC纯度为99.9%。
分子式:C9H7N3O4S2;ESI-MS:286.01[M+H]+
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ2.95(m,2H),3.31(m,2H),8.06(d,2H),9.04(s,1H)。
实施例2:式1所示化合物的乙酰胆碱酯酶/丁酰胆碱酯酶活性测定实验
根据Ellman的方法,对鳗鱼的AChE(C3389-500UN;Sigma)和马血清的BuChE(C4290-1KU;Sigma)进行了测定。两种酶以及底物和DTNB显色剂均直接从Sigma公司购入并直接使用。实验在48孔板中进行,每个孔加入100μL 0.036U/mL的EeAChE或eqBuChE,以及100μL 0.1M(pH=8)的磷酸盐缓冲液,加入不同浓度化合物100μL在37℃下孵育20分钟后,加入100μL 0.35mM碘代乙酰胆碱碘化物(ACh;A5751-1G;Sigma)或0.5mM碘代丁硫胆碱碘化物(BuCh;20820-1G;Sigma)和100μL 0.35mM的5,5'-二硫双-2-硝基苯甲酸(DTNB;D8130-1G;Sigma),最终体积为500μL。胆碱酯酶与底物结合后与DTNB作用会产生黄色阴离子5-硫代-2-硝基苯甲酸,显色剂继续孵育20分钟后用酶标仪在410nm处测量吸光度变化,由抑制曲线(对数抑制剂浓度对抑制百分比)以图形方式确定IC50值。
结果显示,化合物1对AChE并无抑制活性,对BuChE的IC50值为0.24±0.03μM。可见,本发明的化合物1可能成为潜在的阿尔茨海默病治疗药物。
以上描述了本发明优选实施方式,然其并非用以限定本发明。本领域技术人员对在此公开的实施方案可进行并不偏离本发明范畴和精神的改进和变化。
Claims (6)
2.根据权利要求1所述的式1化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,所述药学上可接受的盐选自:盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、乙酸盐、草酸盐、酒石酸盐。
4.一种药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-2任一项所述式1所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体。
5.权利要求1-2任一项所述的式1所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求4所述药物组合物在制备治疗或预防神经重症的药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述神经重症为阿尔茨海默症。
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