CN114497732A - 用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含其的锂二次电池 - Google Patents

用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含其的锂二次电池 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114497732A
CN114497732A CN202111011063.3A CN202111011063A CN114497732A CN 114497732 A CN114497732 A CN 114497732A CN 202111011063 A CN202111011063 A CN 202111011063A CN 114497732 A CN114497732 A CN 114497732A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
electrolyte solution
secondary battery
lithium secondary
carbonate
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202111011063.3A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
李允智
李尹圣
安胜浩
宋丞婉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hyundai Motor Co
Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Chungnam National University
Kia Corp
Original Assignee
Hyundai Motor Co
Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Chungnam National University
Kia Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co, Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Chungnam National University, Kia Corp filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
Publication of CN114497732A publication Critical patent/CN114497732A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0568Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0569Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025Organic electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/386Silicon or alloys based on silicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含其的锂二次电池,所述电解质溶液包含:锂盐、溶剂和功能性添加剂,其中所述功能性添加剂包含由下式1表示的碳酸双(2,2,2‑三氟乙基)酯:
Figure DDA0003238975060000011

Description

用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含其的锂二次电池
技术领域
本申请涉及用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含所述电解质溶液的锂二次电池。
背景技术
本部分中的陈述仅提供与本申请相关的背景信息,并且可能不构成现有技术。
锂二次电池是一种储能装置,其由在充电过程中供应锂的阴极、在充电过程中接收锂的阳极、作为锂离子传输介质的电解质和使阴极和阳极彼此分隔的隔膜组成。当在阴极和阳极上进行锂离子的嵌入/脱嵌时,锂二次电池通过化学势的变化来产生并储存电能。
锂二次电池主要用于便携式电子设备,但最近随着电动车辆(EV)和混合动力车辆(HEV)的商业化,锂二次电池也被用作电动车辆和混合动力车辆的储能装置。
同时,为了增加电动车辆的行驶距离,已经进行了增加锂二次电池的能量密度的研究,并且可以通过阴极的高容量来增加锂二次电池的能量密度。
阴极的高容量可以通过富Ni(这是一种用于提高形成阴极活性材料的Ni-Co-Mn基氧化物的Ni含量的方法)来实现,或者可以通过提高阴极充电电压来实现。
然而,由于富Ni状态的Ni-Co-Mn基氧化物具有高界面反应性和不稳定的晶体结构,加速了循环过程中的劣化,因此难以确保长寿命性能。
以上陈述仅仅旨在帮助理解本申请的背景,而不旨在表示本申请落入本领域技术人员已知的现有技术的范围内。
发明内容
本申请提供了用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含所述电解质溶液的锂二次电池,所述电解质溶液可以提高锂二次电池的寿命特性。
根据本申请的一种形式,用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液包含锂盐、溶剂和功能性添加剂,其中功能性添加剂包含高电压添加剂,所述高电压添加剂可以为由下式1表示的碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯:
Figure BDA0003238975040000021
基于电解质重量,高电压添加剂的添加量等于或小于3.0重量%。
基于电解质溶液的重量,高电压添加剂的添加量优选为1.0重量%至3.0重量%。
功能性添加剂还包含阳极薄膜添加剂碳酸亚乙烯酯(VC)。
基于电解质重量,以0.5重量%至3.0重量%的量加入阳极薄膜添加剂。
锂盐为选自LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiB10Cl10、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、Li(CF3SO2)2N、LiC4F9SO3、LiB(C6H5)4、Li(SO2F)2N(LiFSI)、(CF3SO2)2NLi的任何一种化合物或者两种或更多种化合物的混合物。
溶剂为选自碳酸酯类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、酮类溶剂或者两种或更多种溶剂的混合物的任何一种。
同时,根据本申请的另一种形式,锂二次电池包含上述电解质溶液,并且其还包含阴极、阳极和插入在阴极和阳极之间的隔膜,所述阴极包含含有Ni、Co和Mn的阴极活性材料,所述阳极包含选自碳(C)基材料或硅(Si)基材料的一种、两种或更多种阳极活性材料。
阴极的Ni含量为60重量%或更高。
根据本申请的形式,由于使用包含高电压添加剂的电解质溶液确保了4.6V或更高的氧化稳定性,因此抑制了高电压下的不反应性,因此可以预期改善锂二次电池的长寿命特性的效果。
此外,可以通过降低电池电阻来提高锂二次电池的输出特性。
此外,由于确保了高温和高电压下的寿命稳定性,因此可以提高电池生产率。
通过本文提供的描述,其它可应用领域将变得明显。应理解,说明书和具体实施例仅旨在用于说明的目的,而不旨在限制本申请的范围。
附图说明
为了可以更好地理解本申请,现将参照附图举例描述本申请的各种形式,在附图中:
图1和图2为显示根据本申请的一种形式和对比实施例的充电/放电实验结果的图表;和
图3为显示根据本申请的一种形式和对比实施例的充电/放电操作之前和之后的阴极表面的照片。
本文描述的附图仅用于说明目的,并且不旨在以任何方式限制本申请的范围。
具体实施方式
以下描述在本质上仅仅是示例性的,并不旨在限制本申请、应用或用途。应理解,在整个附图中,相应的附图标记表示相同或相应的部件和特征。
根据本申请的一种形式的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液为形成适用于锂二次电池的电解质的材料,并且包含锂盐、溶剂和功能性添加剂。
锂盐可以为选自LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiB10Cl10、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、Li(CF3SO2)2N、LiC4F9SO3、LiB(C6H5)4、Li(SO2F)2N(LiFSI)和(CF3SO2)2NLi的任何一种化合物或者两种或更多种化合物的混合物。
在这种情况下,锂盐可以以总量为0.1M至1.2M的浓度存在于电解质溶液中。
此外,作为溶剂,可以使用选自碳酸酯类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、酮类溶剂或者两种或更多种溶剂的混合物的任何一种。
在这种情况下,作为碳酸酯类溶剂,可以使用碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸二丙酯(DPC)、碳酸甲丙酯(MPC)、碳酸乙丙酯(EPC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸丙烯酯(PC)、碳酸丁烯酯(BC)、氟代碳酸乙烯酯(FEC)、碳酸亚乙烯酯(VC)等。此外,作为酯类溶剂,可以使用γ-丁内酯(GBL)、乙酸正甲酯、乙酸正乙酯、乙酸正丙酯等,并且作为醚类溶剂,可以使用二丁基醚等,但不限于此。
此外,溶剂还可以包括芳族烃类有机溶剂。作为芳族烃类有机溶剂的具体示例,可以使用苯、氟苯、溴苯、氯苯、环己基苯、异丙基苯、正丁基苯、辛基苯、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯等,并且其可以单独使用或组合使用。
同时,作为加入到根据本申请的一种形式的电解质溶液中的功能性添加剂,可以使用高电压添加剂,所述高电压添加剂可以为由下式1表示的碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯(下文称为“DFDEC”):
Figure BDA0003238975040000041
在这种情况下,高电压添加剂碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯(DFDEC)用于改善电解质溶液的氧化稳定性,并在高电压下稳定阴极和电解质溶液之间的界面,并且基于电解质溶液的重量,优选以3.0重量%或更少的量,更优选以1.0重量%至3.0重量%的量加入高电压添加剂。
如果高电压添加剂的添加量大于3.0重量%,则由于形成过量的表面钝化层,电池电阻增加,因此寿命可能降低。此外,如果高电压添加剂的添加量小于1.0重量%,则电解质溶液的氧化稳定性的改善效果可能不足,并且可能难以充分地形成表面钝化层,从而导致预期效果可能不足。
同时,作为功能性添加剂,还可以加入用于在阳极上形成薄膜的阳极薄膜添加剂。例如,作为阳极薄膜添加剂,可以使用碳酸亚乙烯酯(VC)。
在这种情况下,基于电解质溶液的重量,优选以0.5重量%至3.0重量%的量加入阳极薄膜添加剂。更优选地,阳极薄膜添加剂的添加量可以为1.5重量%至2.5重量%。
如果阳极薄膜添加剂的添加量小于0.5重量%,则电池的长寿命特性可能降低,而如果阳极薄膜添加剂的添加量大于3.0重量%,则由于形成过量的表面钝化层,电池电阻增加,因此电池输出可能降低。
同时,除了上述电解质溶液之外,根据本申请的一种形式的锂二次电池还包含阴极、阳极和隔膜。
阴极包含含有Ni、Co和Mn的NCM基阴极活性材料。特别地,在当前形式中,优选的是,阴极中包含的阴极活性材料仅由包含60重量%或更高量的Ni的NCM基阴极活性材料组成。
此外,阳极包含选自碳(C)基材料或硅(Si)基材料的一种、两种或更多种阳极活性材料。
作为碳(C)基阳极活性材料,可以使用选自人造石墨、天然石墨、石墨化碳纤维、石墨化中间相碳微球、富勒烯和无定形碳的至少一种材料。
此外,硅(Si)基阳极活性材料包括氧化硅、硅颗粒和硅合金颗粒。
同时,以如下方式制造阴极和阳极:通过混合导电材料、粘合剂、溶剂和阴极/阳极活性材料来制备电极浆料,然后直接用所述电极浆料涂覆集电体,随后干燥集电体。在这种情况下,作为集电体,可以使用铝(Al),但是集电体不限于此。由于上述电极制造方法是本申请所属的领域公知的,因此在说明书中将省略其详细描述。
粘合剂用于使各种活性材料颗粒彼此较好地粘合,或者使其与集电体较好地粘合,并且例如,作为粘合剂,可以使用聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、二乙酰纤维素、聚氯乙烯、羧基化聚氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、包含环氧乙烷的聚合物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氨酯、聚四氟乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶、丙烯酸酯化苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶、环氧树脂或尼龙,但粘合剂不限于此。
此外,导电材料用于赋予电极导电性,并且在由电极构成的电池中,可以使用不会引起化学变化的任何导电材料。例如,作为导电材料,可以使用天然石墨、人造石墨、炭黑、乙炔黑、科琴黑、碳纤维、铜、镍、铝或银的金属粉末和金属纤维,此外,可以使用任何一种导电材料或者一种或多种导电材料(例如,聚亚苯基衍生物)的混合物。
隔膜能够防止阴极和阳极之间的短路,并提供锂离子的移动路径。作为隔膜,可以使用已知材料,例如聚烯烃基聚合物膜(例如聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚乙烯/聚丙烯、聚乙烯/聚丙烯/聚乙烯和聚丙烯/聚乙烯/聚丙烯)或其复合层、微孔薄膜、织物和非织物。此外,可以使用通过用具有优异稳定性的树脂涂覆多孔聚烯烃薄膜而获得的薄膜。
下文将通过本申请的各种形式和对比实施例来描述本申请。
<实验1>在高温(45℃)下充电/放电特性(半电池)随着功能性添加剂的类型和添加量而变化的实验
为了确定充电/放电特性随着加入到半电池的电解质溶液中的功能性添加剂的类型及其添加量的变化,如下表1所示改变功能性添加剂的类型和添加量,同时在高温(45℃)下测量50次循环之后的初始容量和容量保持率,测量结果显示在表1和图1中。
在这种情况下,在2.5-4.6V@0.1C 2Cyc+1C 45℃下进行循环,用于制造电解质溶液的锂盐为0.5M的LiPF6+0.5M的LiFSI,使用通过混合体积比为25:45:30的碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)和碳酸二甲酯(DEC)而获得的溶剂。
此外,使用NCM622作为阴极,并使用碳作为阳极。
[表1]
Figure BDA0003238975040000061
从表1和图1可以确定,与仅使用VC作为一般功能性添加剂的现有技术(1号)的情况相比,当同时使用根据本申请的高电压添加剂与VC并改变高电压添加剂的类型和添加量(2号至4号)时,容量保持率得到改善。
因此,在以3.0重量%或更少的量向电解质溶液中加入本申请提出的高电压添加剂碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯(DFDEC)的情况下,可以确定能够预期高温寿命改善效果。特别地,在以1.0重量%至3.0重量%的量向电解质溶液中加入作为高电压添加剂的碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯(DFDEC)的情况下,可以确定高温寿命得到改善。
同时,在2号(以1.0重量%的量加入DFDEC)的情况下,与1号(对比实施例)相比,初始容量较小,但是容量保持率相当高。因此,可以确定从30次循环或更多次循环开始,与1号相比,2号表现出更好的容量保持率。
<实验2>在高温(45℃)下充电/放电特性(全电池)随着功能性添加剂的类型而变化的实验
为了确定充电/放电特性随着加入到全电池的电解质溶液中的功能性添加剂的类型的变化,如下表2所示改变功能性添加剂的类型,同时在高温(45℃)下测量初始容量和50次循环之后的容量保持率,测量结果显示在表2和图2中。此外,为了确定阴极表面的保护效果随着加入到电解质溶液中的功能性添加剂的添加的变化,观察50次循环之后的阴极表面,结果显示在图3中。
在这种情况下,在2.5-4.5V@1C,45℃下进行循环,用于制造电解质溶液的锂盐为0.5M的LiPF6+0.5M的LiFSI,使用通过混合体积比为25:45:30的碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)和碳酸二甲酯(DEC)而获得的溶剂。
此外,使用NCM622作为阴极,并使用碳作为阳极。在这种情况下,阴极的涂覆比为NCM622:导电剂:PVdF=86:7:7。
[表2]
Figure BDA0003238975040000071
从表2和图2可以确定,与仅使用VC作为一般功能性添加剂的现有技术(5号)的情况相比,当同时使用根据本申请的高电压添加剂与VC(6号)时,初始容量和容量保持率得到改善。
此外,从图3可以确定,在5号的情况下,可以确定在50次循环之后,在阴极表面上产生了裂纹。
然而,在6号的情况下,可以确定即使在50次循环之后也没有产生裂纹,并且在阴极表面上形成并保持均匀的薄膜。
因此,可以得出结论,由于加入了功能性添加剂,在阴极表面上形成了用作钝化薄膜的均匀薄膜,并且即使在50次循环之后仍保持均匀的薄膜,从而改善了容量保持率。
可以确定与仅使用VC作为一般功能性添加剂的现有技术(1号)的情况相比,当同时使用根据本申请的高电压添加剂与VC时,在改变高电压添加剂的类型和添加量(2号至4号)时,容量保持率得到改善。
尽管出于说明的目的示出并描述了本申请的特定形式,但是本领域技术人员应理解,各种修改、增加和替代都是可能的,并不偏离所附权利要求书中所公开的本申请的范围和精神。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,所述电解质溶液包含:
锂盐;
溶剂;以及
功能性添加剂,所述功能性添加剂包含由下式1表示的碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯:
Figure FDA0003238975030000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,其中,基于电解质溶液的重量,碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯的添加量等于或小于3.0重量%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,其中,基于电解质溶液的重量,碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯的添加量为1.0重量%至3.0重量%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,其中,功能性添加剂还包含碳酸亚乙烯酯。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,其中,基于电解质溶液的重量,以0.5重量%至3.0重量%的量加入碳酸亚乙烯酯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,其中,所述锂盐为选自LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiB10Cl10、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、Li(CF3SO2)2N、LiC4F9SO3、LiB(C6H5)4、Li(SO2F)2N、(CF3SO2)2NLi的任何一种化合物或两种或更多种化合物的混合物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液,其中,所述溶剂为选自碳酸酯类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、酮类溶剂或两种或更多种溶剂的混合物的任何一种物质。
8.一种锂二次电池,所述锂二次电池包含电解质溶液,所述电解质溶液包含:
锂盐;
溶剂;以及
功能性添加剂,所述功能性添加剂包含由下式1表示的碳酸双(2,2,2-三氟乙基)酯:
Figure FDA0003238975030000021
9.根据权利要求8所述的锂二次电池,所述锂二次电池还包含:
阴极,所述阴极包含含有Ni、Co和Mn的阴极活性材料;
阳极,所述阳极包含选自碳基材料或硅基材料的一种、两种或更多种阳极活性材料;以及
隔膜,所述隔膜插入在阴极和阳极之间。
10.根据权利要求9所述的锂二次电池,其中,阴极的Ni含量为60重量%或更高。
CN202111011063.3A 2020-10-28 2021-08-31 用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含其的锂二次电池 Pending CN114497732A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020200141278A KR20220056578A (ko) 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR10-2020-0141278 2020-10-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114497732A true CN114497732A (zh) 2022-05-13

Family

ID=81076854

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111011063.3A Pending CN114497732A (zh) 2020-10-28 2021-08-31 用于锂二次电池的电解质溶液和包含其的锂二次电池

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20220131191A1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20220056578A (zh)
CN (1) CN114497732A (zh)
DE (1) DE102021208913A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10804567B2 (en) * 2017-05-11 2020-10-13 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Electrolyte system for lithium metal secondary battery and lithium metal secondary battery including the same
KR20190092149A (ko) 2018-01-30 2019-08-07 파낙스 이텍(주) 이차전지 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220131191A1 (en) 2022-04-28
KR20220056578A (ko) 2022-05-06
DE102021208913A1 (de) 2022-04-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20230207874A1 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including same
KR20200072723A (ko) 리튬 이차전지
CN116417672A (zh) 用于锂二次电池的溶液和包含该溶液的锂二次电池
KR20220048803A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
US20220131191A1 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same
US11670801B2 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising same
US11742521B2 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising same
US20240178450A1 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including same
US20240162493A1 (en) Electrolyte Solution for Lithium Secondary Battery and Lithium Secondary Battery Comprising the Same
US20240162495A1 (en) Electrolyte Solution For Lithium Secondary Battery And Lithium Secondary Battery Comprising The Same
US20220328875A1 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same
US20220320582A1 (en) Electrolyte solution for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery including the same
KR20230133603A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20210062132A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20220048804A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20230133602A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20220048784A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20230170418A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20240061946A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20230170419A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20240060146A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20240060147A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
CN112993403A (zh) 锂二次电池用电解质溶液以及包含该电解质溶液的锂二次电池
KR20220048802A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지
KR20210075772A (ko) 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination