CN114481726B - Longitudinal vibration suppression system and method for water jet steel rail grinding - Google Patents
Longitudinal vibration suppression system and method for water jet steel rail grinding Download PDFInfo
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- CN114481726B CN114481726B CN202210088838.5A CN202210088838A CN114481726B CN 114481726 B CN114481726 B CN 114481726B CN 202210088838 A CN202210088838 A CN 202210088838A CN 114481726 B CN114481726 B CN 114481726B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
- E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
- E01B31/12—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails
- E01B31/17—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a longitudinal vibration suppression system and a method for steel rail grinding by water jet, wherein the system comprises a steel rail grinding wagon, a signal acquisition module and a damping control module which are arranged on the steel rail grinding wagon; the signal acquisition module comprises a signal acquisition and analysis unit and a sensor which are arranged on a front-end power headstock of the steel rail grinding wagon; the damping control module comprises a damping control device and a shock absorber which are arranged in the rear end grinding wagon body of the steel rail grinding wagon; the vibration condition of the steel rail grinding wagon running under different grinding working conditions is detected by the sensor and fed back to the signal acquisition and analysis unit in real time, the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out centralized processing on the vibration condition information and outputs the vibration condition information to the damping control device, the damping control device obtains proper damping through calculation, and the damping of the shock absorber is adjusted according to the proper damping to eliminate longitudinal resonance, so that the water jet nozzle keeps relatively stable height relative to the steel rail; the problem of polishing inaccuracy caused by vibration in the prior art can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water jet flow steel rail grinding, and particularly relates to a longitudinal vibration suppression system and method for water jet flow steel rail grinding.
Background
The abrasive water jet polishing is a polishing processing technology which utilizes polishing liquid mixed with fine abrasive particles and sprayed out from a nozzle small hole at a high speed to act on the surface of a workpiece, achieves the purpose of grinding and removing materials through the high-speed collision and shearing action of the abrasive particles, and quantitatively corrects the surface roughness of the workpiece by controlling the process parameters such as pressure, angle, spraying time and the like when the polishing liquid is sprayed.
Water jet rail grinding has significant advantages in rail repair, but vibration of the grinding carriage during driving can directly affect the overall effect of water jet rail grinding. The vibration of the train body can lead to the water jet nozzle to deviate from the original position, the polishing effect is reduced, the position needing to be polished generates deviation, the processing quality and the contour accuracy of the surface of a workpiece are seriously affected, the repair and the shape correction of the surface of a steel rail are hindered, and the loss and the damage of the train operation can be caused.
At present, the car of polishing that applies to current rail all utilizes the mill to polish, and does not have fine vibration suppression method, to because the imprecision problem of polishing that the vibration produced all utilize to polish repeatedly and process, make the profile accuracy of rail promote, but the rail has nevertheless indirectly been damaged, and because the production of vibration makes car of polishing and mill also can produce certain loss, and owing to lack the adjusting device of vibration, can't satisfy the orbital machining precision that needs polish, the effect is extremely poor. Therefore, a longitudinal vibration suppression system for water jet steel rail grinding, which has small damage to the steel rail and can optimize the problems of uneven grinding and uneven grinding in the steel rail grinding process, is urgently needed, and the problem of inaccurate grinding caused by vibration in the prior art is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a longitudinal vibration suppression system and a method for steel rail grinding by water jet.A signal acquisition and analysis unit and an acceleration sensor are arranged on a power car head of a steel rail grinding car, a damping control device is arranged on a grinding car body of the steel rail grinding car, a vibration damper is respectively arranged on each grinding nozzle, an analog vibration signal of the steel rail grinding car is acquired by the sensor and is input to the signal acquisition and analysis unit, and the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out initialization digital signal processing on the analog vibration signal to obtain an analog vibration signal capable of carrying out analog-to-digital conversion; then, performing analog-to-digital conversion on the analog vibration signal capable of performing analog-to-digital conversion; processing the analog-digital conversion by using an FIR filter to obtain a vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding; secondly, performing fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding, and comparing the vibration signal with an expert system database established under the support of a large amount of grinding data to obtain a specific damping value required to be adjusted; the specific value of the damping which needs to be adjusted and is obtained in the front of the damping control device adjusts the damping of the shock absorber to a proper size, so that the vibration of the rail grinding wagon can be greatly weakened and counteracted; according to the invention, on one hand, the damping of the vibration damper under different vibration conditions of the rail grinding wagon is effectively and accurately changed, on the other hand, the vibration damping effect of the vibration damper is optimized, so that the problems of uneven grinding and unsmooth grinding in the rail grinding process are optimized, the defect removal consistency and better surface roughness of the rail to be ground are ensured, and the grinding requirement can be met; the invention has small damage to the steel rail, can optimize the problems of uneven grinding and uneven grinding in the process of grinding the steel rail, and solves the problem of inaccurate grinding caused by vibration in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a longitudinal vibration suppression system for rail grinding by water jet, including a rail grinding wagon, a signal acquisition module and a damping control module, which are arranged on the rail grinding wagon; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the signal acquisition module is in communication connection with the damping control module;
the signal acquisition module is used for detecting and feeding back vibration conditions of the steel rail grinding wagon in different railway grinding working conditions during running, and comprises a signal acquisition and analysis unit and a sensor which are arranged on a front-end power headstock of the steel rail grinding wagon; the signal acquisition and analysis unit is in communication connection with the sensor;
the damping control module is used for adjusting and controlling the damping under different railway working conditions and comprises a damping control device and a shock absorber which are arranged in the rear end grinding wagon body of the steel rail grinding wagon; the damping control device is in communication connection with the shock absorber;
the vibration condition of the rail grinding wagon for the railways in different railway grinding working conditions and different regions during operation is detected through the sensor and fed back to the signal acquisition and analysis unit in real time, the signal acquisition and analysis unit performs centralized processing on vibration condition information acquired by the sensor and outputs the vibration condition information to the damping control device, the damping control device obtains proper damping through calculation, and the damping of the shock absorber is adjusted according to the vibration condition information, so that longitudinal resonance is eliminated, the water jet nozzle keeps relatively stable height relative to the rail, and the grinding area and depth are further guaranteed.
Furthermore, the sensor is arranged at the bottom of the front-end power headstock of the steel rail grinding wagon;
the sensor is an acceleration sensor.
Furthermore, the vibration damper is arranged on each grinding nozzle at the bottom of the grinding car body at the rear end of the steel rail grinding car so as to ensure the vibration damping control effect of each spray head.
Further, the damping control device is a lever-type adjustment mechanism.
Furthermore, under the control of the vibration damper, the floating range of the height between the water jet nozzle on the steel rail grinding vehicle and the rail is +/-0.01 mm, so that the grinding effect is ensured.
Further, the ratio of the mass of the vibration damper to the mass of the water jet head is greater than 0.1.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for suppressing longitudinal vibration during rail grinding by water jet, comprising the steps of:
s1: a signal acquisition and analysis unit and a sensor are installed on a power car head of the steel rail grinding car, a damping control device is installed on a grinding car body of the steel rail grinding car, and a shock absorber is installed on each grinding nozzle;
s2: starting the rail grinding wagon, acquiring an analog vibration signal of the rail grinding wagon through the sensor, and inputting the acquired analog vibration signal into a signal acquisition and analysis unit;
s3: the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out initialized digital signal processing on the analog vibration signal to obtain an analog vibration signal capable of carrying out analog-to-digital conversion;
s4: the signal acquisition and analysis unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog vibration signal capable of performing analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a digital signal;
s5: the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out filter conversion on the digital signal to obtain a vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding;
s6: the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal which is obtained in the step S5 and is useful for rail grinding, and compares the vibration signal with an expert system database which is established under the support of a large amount of grinding data by utilizing a neural network algorithm to obtain a specific damping value which needs to be adjusted;
s7: and the damping control device adjusts the damping of the shock absorber according to the specific damping value required to be adjusted obtained in the step S6, so that the longitudinal vibration of the steel rail grinding wagon can be greatly weakened or offset.
Further, step S4 further includes performing the next filter conversion process on the obtained digital signal if it is determined that the analog-to-digital conversion is completed, and repeating step S4 to perform the analog-to-digital conversion again if it is determined that the analog-to-digital conversion is not completed.
Further, step S5 further includes judging the obtained vibration signal useful for rail grinding, continuing to the next step if the required signal is judged to be obtained, and repeating step S5 to perform filter conversion again if the judgment fails.
Further, step S6 further includes performing time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis on the vibration signal data useful for rail grinding by the signal acquisition and analysis unit, and storing the data;
the expert system database is obtained by collecting enough grinding data and then processing big data.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention relates to a longitudinal vibration suppression system and a method for steel rail grinding by water jet.A signal acquisition and analysis unit and an acceleration sensor are arranged on a power car head of a steel rail grinding car, a damping control device is arranged on a grinding car body of the steel rail grinding car, a vibration damper is respectively arranged on each grinding nozzle, an analog vibration signal of the steel rail grinding car is acquired by the sensor and is input to the signal acquisition and analysis unit, and the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out initialization digital signal processing on the analog vibration signal to obtain an analog vibration signal capable of carrying out analog-to-digital conversion; then carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on the analog vibration signal capable of carrying out analog-to-digital conversion; processing the analog-digital conversion by using an FIR filter to obtain a vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding; secondly, performing fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding, and comparing the vibration signal with an expert system database established under the support of a large amount of grinding data to obtain a specific damping value required to be adjusted; the specific value of the damping which needs to be adjusted and is obtained in the front of the damping control device adjusts the damping of the shock absorber to a proper size, so that the vibration of the rail grinding wagon can be greatly weakened and counteracted; according to the invention, on one hand, the damping of the vibration damper under different vibration conditions of the rail grinding wagon is effectively and accurately changed, on the other hand, the vibration damping effect of the vibration damper is optimized, so that the problems of uneven grinding and unsmooth grinding in the rail grinding process are optimized, the defect removal consistency and better surface roughness of the rail to be ground are ensured, and the grinding requirement can be met; the invention has small damage to the steel rail, can optimize the problems of uneven grinding and unsmooth grinding in the steel rail grinding process, and solves the problem of inaccurate grinding caused by vibration in the prior art.
(2) According to the longitudinal vibration suppression system for rail grinding by water jet, the vibration dampers are arranged on the water jet grinding nozzles, so that the vibration damping control effect of each spray head is optimal, vibration can be reduced well through damping adjustment, the water jet spray heads can be ground stably at a relative height, and the rail processing quality can be improved remarkably.
(3) According to the longitudinal vibration suppression system for steel rail grinding by water jet, the damping control device in the damping control module adopts the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, and the adaptability and precision of damping are obviously improved through the comprehensive control of the vibration signals collected by the signal acquisition and analysis unit and the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism on the damping; the invention eliminates the longitudinal vibration caused by the irregularity of the rail to the water jet spray head through the characteristics of the vibration absorber, reduces the damage to the rail and enhances the repairing effect.
(4) According to the system-level method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in water jet steel rail grinding, disclosed by the invention, the data acquired by the signal acquisition and analysis unit is processed by utilizing the neural network to obtain the optimal and specific damping adjustment degree so as to control the damping change, so that the damping change can be smoothly controlled, the water jet steel rail grinding effect is good, the precision is high, and meanwhile, the economic loss is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a longitudinal vibration suppression system for rail grinding by water jet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a damper model of a longitudinal vibration suppression system for water jet rail grinding according to an embodiment of the invention.
Throughout the drawings, like reference numerals designate like features, and in particular: the device comprises a steel rail grinding wagon 1, a signal acquisition module 2, a signal acquisition and analysis unit 21, a sensor 22, a damping control module 3, a damping control device 31 and a shock absorber 32.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to", "disposed on" or "provided on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element; the terms "mounted," "connected," and "provided" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a longitudinal vibration suppression system for rail grinding by water jet, which comprises a rail grinding wagon 1, a signal acquisition module 2 and a damping control module 3, wherein the signal acquisition module 2 and the damping control module 3 are arranged on the rail grinding wagon 1; the signal acquisition module 2 is in communication connection with the damping control module 3; the signal acquisition module 2 is used for detecting and feeding back vibration conditions of the steel rail grinding wagon in different railway grinding working conditions during running, and comprises a signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 and a sensor 22 which are arranged on a front-end power headstock of the steel rail grinding wagon 1; the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 is in communication connection with the sensor 22; the damping control module 3 is used for adjusting and controlling damping under different railway working conditions, and comprises a damping control device 31 and a shock absorber 32 which are arranged in the rear end grinding wagon body of the steel rail grinding wagon 1; the damping control device 31 is in communication connection with the shock absorber 32; the vibration condition of the rail grinding wagon of the railways in different areas under different rail grinding working conditions is detected through vibration monitoring of the sensor, the vibration condition is fed back to the signal acquisition and analysis unit in real time, the signal acquisition and analysis unit carries out centralized processing on vibration information acquired by the sensor and outputs vibration data to the damping control module, the damping control module obtains proper damping through calculation, the proper damping is adjusted in the damping of the vibration absorber, resonance is eliminated, the water jet nozzle keeps relatively stable height relative to the rail, and the grinding area and depth are guaranteed.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the sensor 22 is arranged at the bottom of the front-end power head of the rail grinding wagon 1; the sensor 22 is an acceleration sensor and is used for monitoring the vibration of the car body, detecting the vibration condition of the grinding car of the railways in different regions under different railway grinding conditions during running and feeding the vibration condition back to the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 in real time; the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 performs centralized processing on the vibration information acquired by the sensor 22, converts an analog signal into a digital signal, and outputs vibration data to the damping control module 3 to control damping; the damping control device 31 is used for reacting and adjusting the vibration data output by the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 so as to change the specific damping size, so that the damping ratio of the shock absorber is adaptive to the actual railway polishing working condition; the vibration damper 32 is arranged on each grinding nozzle at the bottom of the grinding wagon body at the rear end of the steel rail grinding wagon 1 so as to ensure the vibration damping control effect of each spray head, and after a proper damping ratio is obtained, the relative height between the spray heads and the rail is stable and unchanged so as to ensure the grinding area and depth; because the rigidity of the rail grinding vehicle body is higher, the integral vibration can be regarded as consistent. The invention is additionally arranged on each water jet nozzle, thus ensuring the best control effect of each nozzle and certain delay in data processing, but because the vehicle is not fast running, the water tank where the shock absorber is positioned is arranged at the middle rear part of the vehicle body, and the distance from the water jet nozzle to the sensor is fixed, after the calculated delay, ensuring that the water jet nozzle reaches the position where the shock is generated at the proper time, and after the damping is adjusted, achieving the best shock absorption effect at the position where the shock absorption is needed. The invention has small damage to the steel rail, can optimize the problems of uneven grinding and uneven grinding in the process of grinding the steel rail, and solves the problem of inaccurate grinding caused by vibration in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 2, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in rail grinding by water jet, comprising the steps of:
s1: a signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 and a sensor 22 are installed on a power head of the steel rail grinding wagon 1, a damping control device 31 is installed on a grinding wagon body of the steel rail grinding wagon 1, and a shock absorber 32 is respectively installed on each grinding nozzle;
s2: starting the rail grinding wagon 1, acquiring a simulated vibration signal of the rail grinding wagon 1 through the sensor 22, and inputting the acquired simulated vibration signal into the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21;
s3: the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 performs initialized digital signal processing on the analog vibration signal to obtain an analog vibration signal capable of performing analog-to-digital conversion; an initialization Digital Signal Processing (DSP), which is a simple process performed on the acquired Signal, such as low-value filtering, to enable analog-to-Digital conversion;
s4: the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog vibration signal capable of performing analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a digital signal; namely, the analog vibration signal which can be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion is converted into a digital signal so as to facilitate the next processing; if the analog-to-digital conversion is completed, the next processing is carried out on the analog-to-digital conversion, and if the conversion is not completed, the conversion is carried out again;
s5: the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 performs filter conversion on the digital signal subjected to analog-to-digital conversion in the step S4 to obtain a vibration signal useful for rail grinding; FIR (Finite Impulse Response) namely a filter, wherein FIR conversion is used for shielding redundant signals in the obtained digital signals and only leaving vibration signals which are useful for rail grinding, then filtering the obtained vibration signals which are useful for rail grinding to judge, if the required signals are obtained, continuing the next step, and if the judgment is failed, repeating the step S5 to carry out filter conversion again;
s6: the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 performs fast fourier transform on the vibration signal which is obtained in the step S5 and is useful for rail grinding, and compares the vibration signal with an expert system database established under the support of a large amount of grinding data by using a neural network algorithm to obtain a specific damping value to be adjusted; the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of a Fast calculation sequence or an inverse Transform method thereof, and aims to perform time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis on the obtained vibration signal data useful for rail grinding and perform data storage; when enough data are collected, big data are processed to obtain a steel rail vibration condition expert system database of various working conditions, railway grinding working conditions and environments; after obtaining the stored data in each work, comparing the data with a previously established expert system database to obtain the real-time damping magnitude which should be adjusted; the expert system database can be updated constantly through data storage, so that damping needing to be adjusted is accurate and accords with actual conditions;
s7: the damping control device 31 adjusts the damping of the shock absorber 32 to a proper magnitude according to the specific damping value required to be adjusted obtained in the step S6, so that the longitudinal vibration of the rail grinding wagon can be greatly weakened and offset; specifically, the height h of the spray head from the rail is confirmed before grinding, and the height is kept in the range of (h-0.01, h + 0.01) under the control of the shock absorber, so that the grinding effect is ensured; damping control device 31 adopts the rod-type adjustment mechanism, and its advantage lies in that the practicality is stronger, and the volume is less, relatively suitable is arranged in the water jet sanding vehicle.
As shown in fig. 3, the principle and expression of the vibration damping for the vibration damper are as follows:
wherein
The mass of the water jet nozzle,
Is the spring rate;
is the mass of the vibration damper,
Is the stiffness of the damper;
for damping of dynamic vibration absorbers, with input exciting force
For example, wherein
It is the magnitude of the energizing force that,
in order to be able to excite the frequency of the force,
for the law of variation of the excitation force, the vibration differential equation of the system can be listed as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to be a quality matrix,
is a matrix of the accelerations and, in this case,
is an indication of the acceleration of the waterjet head,
is an acceleration representation of the shock absorber;
in order to be a damping matrix, the damping matrix,
in the form of a matrix of speeds,
is an indication of the velocity of the waterjet head,
is a speed representation of the shock absorber;
is a matrix of the spring rates and is,
in order to be a matrix of displacements,
in order to move the water jet nozzle,
is the displacement of the shock absorber;
is an input excitation force;
the exciting force is reflected to the formula, namely the sum of the product of the mass matrix and the acceleration matrix, the product of the damping matrix and the velocity matrix and the product of the spring stiffness matrix and the displacement matrix;
therefore, from the above equation, the response (i.e., the solution) of the shock absorber system is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to be able to displace,
in order to be the amplitude of the vibration,
is the number of the imaginary numbers,
as a matter of time, the time is,
is a natural constant;
the frequency of the velocity and the acceleration of the spring and the shock absorber of the water jet nozzle relative to the exciting force can be obtained
Expression of (2) and pairs of excitation forces
Complex form expression of (a):
equation (3) can be simplified as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the amplitude of the water jet spray head,
is the amplitude of the damper; after the equation (4) is developed, the equation is obtained
Then will be
The complex number value modulo operation is converted into a real number form, and the amplitude of the water jet nozzle can be obtained
：
The vibration reduction effect before and after the dynamic vibration absorber is installed is utilized to reduce the amplitude of the water jet nozzle after vibration reduction
Under the excitation force of water jet nozzle
Static displacement produced by action
Evaluation was performed while the static displacement
Comprises the following steps:
in this system, the ratio of the excitation force to the natural frequency of the waterjet head is assumed to be:
the ratio of the natural frequency of the added vibration damper to the natural frequency of the water jet nozzle is
（
Refers to a water jet flow nozzle instead of a water jet flow nozzle,
instead of an additional shock absorber), wherein,
，
mass ratio of damper to mass of water jet head
Damping ratio of shock absorber
Simplifying the above equation yields:
as can be seen from equation (7), the effect of the damper is closely related to the natural frequency of the water jet head device and the damping ratio of the damper, and although one hundred percent of damping cannot be achieved due to the inherent characteristics of the water jet head device, the damping effect can be improved by changing the damping ratio, and the ratio of the mass of the damper to the mass of the water jet head device
Should be greater than 0.1; the determination of the damping ratio is different in different vibration frequencies.
For the change of the damping, analysis is carried out by combining specific railway grinding working conditions and working conditions; compared with the embankment line, the vibration frequency of the viaduct is lower in the railway condition of the viaduct; the sand soil hard soil layer is more quickly attenuated than a loam layer, and the loam layer is more quickly attenuated than a silty loam layer; that is, the vibration frequency of the vehicle running on the rail is lower than that of the vehicle running on a sandy soil hard soil layer and a muddy loam layer, and for different vibration frequencies, the damping of the invention can be adjusted according to different railway working conditions so as to adapt to different railway grinding working conditions in time and achieve good vibration damping effect, thereby achieving good grinding effect. The data processing has a certain delay, but because the vehicle is not fast running, the water tank where the shock absorber is located is arranged at the middle rear part of the vehicle body, the distance between the water jet nozzle and the sensor is fixed, after the calculated delay, the water jet nozzle is ensured to reach the position where the shock is generated at a proper time, at the moment, the damping is adjusted, and the best shock absorption effect can be achieved at the position where the shock absorption is needed.
The invention provides a longitudinal vibration suppression system and a longitudinal vibration suppression method for rail grinding by water jet, which have the working principles that: the method comprises the steps that a signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 and an acceleration sensor 22 are installed on a power car head of a steel rail grinding car 1, a damping control device 31 is installed on a grinding car body of the steel rail grinding car 1, a shock absorber 32 is installed on each grinding nozzle respectively, an analog vibration signal of the steel rail grinding car is acquired through the sensor and input to the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21, and the signal acquisition and analysis unit 21 carries out initialized digital signal processing on the analog vibration signal to obtain an analog vibration signal capable of carrying out analog-to-digital conversion; then, performing analog-to-digital conversion on the analog vibration signal capable of performing analog-to-digital conversion; processing the analog-digital conversion by using an FIR filter to obtain a vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding; secondly, performing fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding, and comparing the vibration signal with an expert system database established under the support of a large amount of grinding data to obtain a specific damping value required to be adjusted; the specific damping value which is obtained in the front of the damping control device 31 and needs to be adjusted adjusts the damping of the shock absorber 32 to a proper value, so that the vibration of the rail grinding wagon can be greatly weakened and offset; the damping control device 31 of the invention adopts a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, has stronger practicability and smaller volume, and is more suitable for being used in a water jet grinding wagon.
According to the method for inhibiting the longitudinal vibration of the steel rail polished by the water jet, the vibration condition of the steel rail polishing vehicle is measured by the sensor, the vibration condition of the steel rail polishing vehicle is processed and analyzed by the signal acquisition and analysis unit, the specific numerical value of the damping to be adjusted is obtained, and the change of the damping of the damper is controlled by the damping control device, so that the damping of the damper under different vibration conditions of the steel rail polishing vehicle is effectively and accurately changed, the damping effect of the damper is optimized, the problems of uneven grinding and uneven polishing in the steel rail polishing process are optimized, the defect removal consistency and better surface roughness of the steel rail to be polished are ensured, and the polishing requirement can be met; the invention has small damage to the steel rail, can optimize the problems of uneven grinding and uneven grinding in the process of grinding the steel rail, and solves the problem of inaccurate grinding caused by vibration in the prior art.
According to the method for inhibiting the longitudinal vibration during the rail grinding by the water jet, the vibration absorber is arranged on each water jet grinding nozzle, so that the vibration attenuation control effect of each spray head is optimal, the vibration can be reduced better through the adjustment of the damping, the water jet spray heads can be stably ground at a relative height, and the processing quality of the rail can be obviously improved; the invention can realize the comprehensive control of the collected signals and the damping by the rod-type adjusting mechanism, so that the adaptability and the precision of the damping are obviously improved; according to the invention, through the characteristics of the vibration absorber, the longitudinal vibration caused by the irregularity of the rail to the water jet spray head is eliminated, the damage to the rail is reduced, and the repairing effect is enhanced. According to the invention, the neural network is utilized to process the data acquired by the signal acquisition and analysis unit to obtain the optimal and specific damping adjustment degree so as to control the change of the damping, so that the damping change can be smoothly controlled, the water jet steel rail grinding effect is good, the precision is high, and the economic loss is low.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, since various modifications, substitutions and improvements within the spirit and scope of the invention are possible and within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for inhibiting longitudinal vibration of steel rail grinding by water jet is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: a signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) and a sensor (22) are installed on a power head of the steel rail grinding wagon (1), a damping control device (31) is installed on a grinding wagon body of the steel rail grinding wagon (1), and a shock absorber (32) is installed on each grinding nozzle;
s2: starting the steel rail grinding wagon (1), collecting a simulated vibration signal of the steel rail grinding wagon (1) through the sensor (22), and inputting the obtained simulated vibration signal into a signal collection and analysis unit (21);
s3: the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) carries out initialized digital signal processing on the analog vibration signal to obtain an analog vibration signal capable of carrying out analog-to-digital conversion;
s4: the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog vibration signal capable of performing analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a digital signal;
s5: the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) performs filter conversion on the digital signal to obtain a vibration signal which is useful for rail grinding;
s6: the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) performs fast Fourier transform on the vibration signal which is obtained in the step S5 and is useful for rail grinding, and compares the vibration signal with an expert system database established under the support of a large amount of grinding data by using a neural network algorithm to obtain a specific damping value required to be adjusted;
s7: the damping control device (31) adjusts the damping of the damper (32) according to the specific damping value required to be adjusted obtained in the step S6, so that the vibration of the rail grinding wagon (1) can be greatly weakened or offset;
the system used by the method for inhibiting the longitudinal vibration of the steel rail grinding by the water jet comprises a steel rail grinding wagon (1), a signal acquisition module (2) and a damping control module (3) which are arranged on the steel rail grinding wagon (1); wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the signal acquisition module (2) is in communication connection with the damping control module (3);
the signal acquisition module (2) is used for detecting and feeding back vibration conditions of the steel rail grinding wagon under different railway grinding working conditions during running, and comprises a signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) and a sensor (22) which are arranged on a front-end power headstock of the steel rail grinding wagon (1); the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) is in communication connection with the sensor (22);
the damping control module (3) is used for adjusting and controlling damping under different railway grinding working conditions and comprises a damping control device (31) and a shock absorber (32) which are arranged in a grinding wagon body at the rear end of the steel rail grinding wagon (1); the damping control device (31) is in communication connection with the shock absorber (32);
the vibration conditions of rail grinding trucks of different railways under different rail grinding conditions and in different regions during operation are detected through the sensor (22) and fed back to the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) in real time, the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21) carries out centralized processing on the vibration condition information acquired by the sensor (22) and outputs the vibration condition information to the damping control device (31), the damping control device (31) obtains appropriate damping through calculation, and the damping of the damper (32) is adjusted according to the damping to eliminate longitudinal resonance, so that the water jet nozzle keeps relatively stable height relative to the rail, and further the grinding area and depth are guaranteed.
2. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in rail grinding by water jet according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor (22) is arranged at the bottom of a front-end power headstock of the steel rail grinding wagon (1);
the sensor (22) is an acceleration sensor.
3. The method for suppressing the longitudinal vibration in water jet rail grinding according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vibration damper (32) is arranged on each grinding nozzle at the bottom of the grinding car body at the rear end of the steel rail grinding car (1) so as to ensure the vibration damping control effect of each spray head.
4. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the damping control device (31) is a rod-type adjusting mechanism.
5. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: under the control of the shock absorber (32), the floating range of the height from the water jet nozzle on the steel rail grinding wagon (1) to the rail is +/-0.01 mm, so that the grinding effect is ensured.
6. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in water jet rail grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the ratio of the mass of the vibration damper (32) to the mass of the water jet nozzle is greater than 0.1.
7. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in rail grinding by water jet according to claim 1, wherein: and step S4, if the analog-to-digital conversion is judged to be completed, the obtained digital signal is subjected to the next filter conversion treatment, and if the analog-to-digital conversion is judged to be not completed, the step S4 is repeated to perform the analog-to-digital conversion again.
8. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in rail grinding by water jet according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: and S5, filtering the obtained vibration signal which is useful for grinding the steel rail, judging, continuing the next step if the required signal is judged to be obtained, and repeating the step S5 to perform filter conversion again if the judgment fails.
9. The method for suppressing longitudinal vibration in rail grinding by water jet according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: step S6, time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis are carried out on the vibration signal data which are useful for grinding the steel rail through the signal acquisition and analysis unit (21), and data storage is carried out;
the expert system database is obtained by collecting enough polishing data and then processing big data.
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| CN115070565B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-15 | 湖南大学 | Steel rail grinding test method and system and electronic equipment |
| CN117235507B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-01-23 | 成都西交轨道交通技术服务有限公司 | Method for identifying abnormal state of grinding stone of steel rail grinding wagon |
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