CN210189023U - Complex curved surface milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool - Google Patents
Complex curved surface milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN210189023U CN210189023U CN201920846594.6U CN201920846594U CN210189023U CN 210189023 U CN210189023 U CN 210189023U CN 201920846594 U CN201920846594 U CN 201920846594U CN 210189023 U CN210189023 U CN 210189023U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a complicated curved surface mills to grind and surveys integration machine tool belongs to the machine-building technical field. Longmen fixed connection is on the base, X is to slip table fixed connection on the base, Y is to the slip table of guide rail on X to guide rail fixed connection, rotary worktable fixed connection is on Y is to the slip table of guide rail, the rotary worktable top is used for fixed connection anchor clamps and work piece, Z has two to the slip table, fixed connection is in the left and right sides in the middle of the longmen respectively, ultrasonic machining system fixed connection is on the slip table of left Z to the slip table, grinding and polishing subassembly fixed connection are on the slip table of Z to the slip table on right side. The method has the advantages that multiple corrections are realized in the processing process, and the processing precision is improved; the processing mode is various: milling and polishing, grinding and polishing, and milling, grinding and polishing can be completed in one clamping from the beginning to the end of the processing, so that the clamping times are reduced, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the machine-building, especially, relate to a complicated curved surface mills and grinds integration machine tool of surveying.
Background
The complex curved surface research has important significance for aerospace, military industry and general civil industry. Engine blades, gas turbine blades, automobile panel molds, optical lenses, etc. are parts that have complex geometries and require high precision. At present, large-scale products with complex curved surfaces, such as large-scale automobile panel molds and the like, are still generally processed by adopting a three-axis numerical control milling machine, the precision and the processing efficiency of the products after semi-finishing and finish-processing still need to be improved, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are further reduced by clamping for many times during processing and measurement. For some complex curved surface parts with high precision and high strength, the material removal rate must be improved to improve the efficiency and the processing precision, the clamping times are reduced, and a more reliable processing mode is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a complicated curved surface mills and grinds integration machine tool to solve the complicated curved surface part machining process of present high accuracy high strength, numerically controlled fraise machine inefficiency, the problem that the precision is difficult to keep.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the utility model provides a complicated curved surface mills and grinds integration machine tool of survey, including the ultrasonic machining system, Z is to the slip table, grinding and polishing subassembly, the longmen, X is to the slip table, Y is to the slip table, rotary worktable and base, wherein longmen fixed connection is on the base, X is to slip table fixed connection on the base, Y is to guide rail fixed connection on X is to the slip table of guide rail, rotary worktable fixed connection is on Y is to the slip table of guide rail, the rotary worktable top is used for fixed connection anchor clamps and work piece, Z has two to the slip table, fixed connection is the left and right sides in the middle of the longmen respectively, ultrasonic machining system fixed connection is on the slip table of left Z to the slip table, grinding and polishing subassembly fixed connection are on the slip table of Z.
The ultrasonic machining system include the installation base, online measuring apparatu, ultrasonic vibrator, upper bracket, the under bracing frame, the instrument head subassembly, motor and reduction gear, wherein online measuring apparatu fixed connection is at the installation base up end, upper bracket has two, fixed connection is at the installation base downside respectively, the under bracing frame has two, fixed connection is on the upper bracket respectively, ultrasonic vibrator has threely, fixed connection is at installation base upside and upper bracket respectively, the under bracing frame is middle, instrument head subassembly fixed connection is at the head of three ultrasonic vibrator, motor and reduction gear fixed connection are at the installation base downside, and with the instrument head free sleeve of instrument head subassembly, through round pin transmission torque.
The tool head assembly comprises a three-dimensional flexible hinge, an upper bearing end cover, a pin, a tool head, an upper bearing, a lower bearing and a lower bearing end cover, wherein the tool head is fixed in a hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge in a mode of fixing two ends through the upper bearing and the lower bearing, the upper bearing end cover is fixedly connected in the hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge and compresses an outer ring of the upper bearing, the lower bearing end cover is fixedly connected in the hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge and compresses an outer ring below the bearing, and the pin is fixedly connected in a pin hole at the upper end of the tool head.
Grinding and polishing subassembly include grinding subassembly, mounting bracket, motor, online measuring apparatu, burnishing tool, wherein motor fixed connection is in the mounting bracket upside, grinding subassembly fixed connection is in the mounting bracket left side, online measuring apparatu fixed connection is at the mounting bracket downside, burnishing tool fixed connection on the mounting bracket right side.
Grinding subassembly include action wheel, abrasive band, take-up pulley subassembly, regulating wheel, axle, transmission shaft, wherein the action wheel passes through fixed connection on the transmission shaft, transmission shaft fixed connection is on the mounting bracket, take-up pulley subassembly fixed connection is on the mounting bracket, axle fixed connection is on the mounting bracket, regulating wheel fixed connection is epaxial, the abrasive band parcel is in action wheel, take-up pulley subassembly, regulating wheel outside.
The tensioning wheel assembly comprises a tensioning wheel, a first shaft, a second shaft and a connecting rod, wherein the second shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second shaft, the first shaft and the connecting rod are axially fixed and radially slide, and the tensioning wheel and the first shaft are axially fixed and radially slide.
The processing tool of the utility model comprises ultrasonic milling, grinding and polishing, the ultrasonic milling tool adopts three-dimensional flexible hinges and three ultrasonic vibrators, and ultrasonic vibration in the plane of the workpiece in the direction of the planar motion is beneficial to reducing cutting force and improving surface quality; ultrasonic vibration in a plane perpendicular to the workpiece can significantly reduce the cutting force but increase the surface roughness of the machined surface. The ultrasonic vibration can be enabled to be parallel to any feeding direction in the plane of the workpiece so as to improve the surface quality; meanwhile, the proportion of the ultrasonic vibration in the plane of the workpiece to the ultrasonic vibration in the plane vertical to the workpiece can be controlled, so that the quality of the processed surface is ensured, and the minimum milling force is obtained. The grinding tool can be used for adjusting the position of the tensioning wheel and the adjusting wheel to be well adapted to a complex curved surface, no matter the complex curved surface is an outer convex curved surface or an inner concave curved surface, the polishing tool can be used for trimming extremely special conditions, an online measuring instrument is equipped, and online measurement can be realized in the machining process.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. three ultrasonic vibrators are combined by adopting a three-dimensional flexible hinge to form a spatial milling path with any track;
2. forming a grinding tool suitable for the complex curved surface by using an abrasive belt, a tension wheel and an adjusting wheel;
3. all machining processes can be measured on line, and multiple corrections can be realized in the machining process by comparing a reverse reconstructed workpiece model with a theoretical model, so that the machining precision is improved;
4. the processing mode is various: milling and polishing, grinding and polishing, and milling, grinding and polishing can be completed in one clamping from the beginning to the end of the processing, so that the clamping times are reduced, and the processing precision and the processing efficiency are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the ultrasonic machining system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the ultrasonic machining tool head assembly of the present invention;
figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic machining tool head assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the ultrasonic machining tool head assembly with the motor and the reducer;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the grinding and polishing assembly of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the grinding assembly of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the tension wheel assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses the overall structure schematic diagram, including ultrasonic machining system 1, Z is to slip table 2, grinding and polishing subassembly 3, longmen 4, X is to slip table 5, Y is to slip table 6, rotary table 7, base 8, anchor clamps and work piece 9, wherein longmen 4 fixed connection is on base 8, X is to slip table 5 fixed connection on base 8, Y is to guide rail 6 fixed connection on X is to the slip table of guide rail 5, rotary table 7 fixed connection is on Y is to the slip table of guide rail 6, anchor clamps and work piece 9 fixed connection are on rotary table 7, Z has two to slip table 2, fixed connection is in the middle of longmen 4 the left and right sides respectively, 1 fixed connection of ultrasonic machining system is on left Z is to the slip table of slip table 2, grinding and polishing subassembly 3 fixed connection are on the Z on the right side is to the slip table of slip table 2.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the ultrasonic machining system 1 includes a mounting base 101, an on-line measuring instrument 102, two ultrasonic vibrators 103, an upper support frame 104, a lower support frame 105, a tool head assembly 106, and a motor and a reducer 107, wherein the on-line measuring instrument 102 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the mounting base 101, the upper support frame 104 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the mounting base 101, the lower support frame 105 is fixedly connected to the upper support frame 104, the number of the ultrasonic vibrators 103 is three, the tool head assembly 106 is fixedly connected to the heads of the three ultrasonic vibrators 103, and the motor and the reducer 107 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the mounting base 101 and is sleeved with the tool head of the tool head assembly 106 in an empty manner to transmit torque through a pin.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the tool head assembly 106 includes a three-dimensional flexible hinge 10601, an upper bearing end cap 10602, a pin 10603, a tool head 10604, an upper bearing 10605, a lower bearing 10606, and a lower bearing end cap 10607, wherein the tool head 10604 is fixed in a hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge 10601 by the upper bearing 10605 and the lower bearing 10606 in a manner of fixing both ends, the upper bearing end cap 10602 is fixedly connected in the hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge 10601 and presses an outer ring of the upper bearing 10605, the lower bearing end cap 10607 is fixedly connected in the hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge 10601 and presses an outer ring of the lower bearing 10606, and the pin 10603 is fixedly connected in a pin hole at the upper end of the tool head 106.
As shown in fig. 6, the grinding and polishing assembly 3 includes a grinding assembly 301, a mounting frame 302, a motor 303, an online measuring instrument 304, and a polishing tool 305, wherein the motor 303 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the mounting frame 302, the grinding assembly 301 is fixedly connected to the left side of the mounting frame 302, the online measuring instrument 304 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the mounting frame 302, and the polishing tool 305 is fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting frame 302.
As shown in fig. 7, the grinding assembly 301 includes a driving wheel 30101, an abrasive belt 30102, a tensioning wheel assembly 30103, an adjusting wheel 30104, a shaft 30105, and a transmission shaft 30106, wherein the driving wheel 30101 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 30106, the transmission shaft 30106 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 302, the tensioning wheel assembly 30103 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 302, the shaft 30105 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 302, the adjusting wheel 30104 is fixedly connected to the shaft 30105, and the abrasive belt 30102 is wrapped outside the driving wheel 30101, the tensioning wheel assembly 30103, and the adjusting wheel 30104.
As shown in fig. 8, the tensioning wheel assembly 30103 includes a tensioning wheel 3010301, a first shaft 3010302, a second shaft 3010303, and a connecting rod 3010304, wherein the second shaft 3010303 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 302, the connecting rod 3010304 is fixedly connected to the second shaft 3010303, the first shaft 3010302 is axially fixed to the connecting rod 3010304 and slides radially, and the tensioning wheel 3010301 is axially fixed to the first shaft 3010302 and slides radially.
The working principle is as follows:
the ultrasonic milling tool adopts a three-dimensional flexible hinge and is matched with three ultrasonic vibrators, the vibration frequency of the tool head can be adjusted to realize the milling path of any track in a three-dimensional space, the grinding tool can adjust a complex curved surface which is well adapted to the positions of a tension wheel and an adjusting wheel, no matter the convex curved surface or the concave curved surface can be adapted to, the polishing tool can be used for finishing extremely special conditions, an online measuring instrument is equipped, all machining processes can be measured online, the comparison between a reconstructed workpiece model and a theoretical model is reversely solved, multiple corrections are realized in the machining process, and the machining precision is provided. Specifically, the forming method of the complex curved surface milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool comprises the following steps:
1. after a workpiece is fixedly arranged on a rotary worktable through a clamp, firstly carrying out rough machining by ultrasonic milling, removing a large amount of materials, then carrying out abrasive belt grinding and finish machining, and finally finishing the part which is difficult to machine by using a polishing head;
2.1 during ultrasonic milling, ultrasonic vibration generated by the transducer is amplified by the amplitude transformer and then transmitted to the tool head, and the ultrasonic vibration equation of the tool head is as follows:
x＝A sinωt＝A sin2πft
wherein x is the displacement of vibration; a is the amplitude; f is the frequency;
from the above formula, there are two vibration parameters affecting ultrasonic milling: a and f, wherein the vibration frequency f is equal to the supply voltage frequency; analyzing the relation between the amplitude and the voltage by adopting a piezoelectric equation; according to the inverse piezoelectric principle and the mechanical structure of the transducer, the mechanical boundary condition is mechanical clamping; the electrical boundary condition is an electrical short; i.e., type d piezoelectric equation:
wherein: s66＝2(s11-s12)
In the above formula, d in the matrix is the piezoelectric coefficient; s in the matrix represents the elastic compliance coefficient when the field intensity is constant; t is stress; s is strain; e is the electric field strength;
for the 3 direction (Z-axis direction) there are:
S3＝S13T1+S13T2+S33T3+d33E3
because the stress T is theoretically constant in the ultrasonic milling process, the voltage and the amplitude A are in a linear relation;
in summary, the frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration can be controlled by controlling the frequency and voltage of the power supply, but in the ultrasonic processing, in order to obtain a large amplitude to improve the processing quality and exert the superiority of the ultrasonic processing, the vibration system is required to work in a resonance state, and generally, before the ultrasonic vibration system works, the working condition that the system is in resonance can be met by adjusting the electrical frequency of the power supply; however, in actual processing, the vibration system is subjected to external interference, the natural frequency of the system may drift, and a phase-locked loop method is adopted to realize automatic frequency tracking;
2.2 the ultrasonic vibration parallel to the feeding direction in the plane of the workpiece is beneficial to reducing the cutting force and improving the surface quality; the ultrasonic vibration in the plane vertical to the workpiece can obviously reduce the cutting force but increase the surface roughness of the processed surface, in order to obtain the optimal processing parameters, the provided ultrasonic milling system adopts a three-dimensional flexible hinge and three ultrasonic vibrators, a tool head main shaft is fixedly connected to the three-dimensional flexible hinge in a mode of fixing two ends through a bearing, the tool head cannot move in any direction relative to the three-dimensional flexible hinge, a motor and the tool head are sleeved in a hollow mode, and the torque is transmitted by a pin so as to realize the ultrasonic vibration in any direction in the plane of the workpiece to be parallel to the feeding direction; simultaneously controlling ultrasonic vibration in a workpiece plane and ultrasonic vibration in a plane vertical to the workpiece plane, and obtaining the minimum milling force while ensuring the quality of a processed surface when the amplitude and the frequency ratio of the ultrasonic vibration in the workpiece plane and the ultrasonic vibration in the plane vertical to the workpiece plane are proper;
the two ultrasonic vibration frequencies in the plane of the workpiece are the same, and the vibration equation is as follows:
the synthesis of the ultrasonic vibration is as follows:
3. during grinding and polishing, the second driving shaft 3010303 rotates for a certain angle to enable the tensioning wheel component 30103 to swing left and right, and the adjusting wheel 30104 can move up and down by pushing the shaft 30105. The swinging angle of the tensioning wheel component 30103 and the upper and lower positions of the adjusting wheel 30104 can be well adapted to complex curved surfaces, both convex curved surfaces and concave curved surfaces can be adapted to the complex curved surfaces, and polishing tools can be adopted to trim places which are difficult to grind;
4. the forming strategy is repeatedly measured and adjusted in each processing process, and is specifically implemented as follows:
when a workpiece blank passes through a machining process, an online measuring instrument is required to collect data on the surface of a workpiece, the collected data are processed to reversely obtain a workpiece reconstruction model, the surface quality of the workpiece is measured, and the workpiece is machined and enters the next process by comparing the workpiece reconstruction model with a workpiece theoretical model when the shape, the position precision and the surface quality of the reconstruction model meet the machining requirements; and when the shape, the position precision and the surface quality of the reconstructed model do not meet the processing requirements, distributing the processing allowance to the area which does not meet the design requirements according to the processing technology and then returning to the previous procedure.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a complicated curved surface mills and grinds survey integration machine tool, a serial communication port, including the ultrasonic machining system, Z is to the slip table, grinding and polishing subassembly, the longmen, X is to the slip table, Y is to the slip table, rotary worktable and base, wherein longmen fixed connection is on the base, X is to slip table fixed connection on the base, Y is to guide rail fixed connection on X to the slip table of guide rail, rotary worktable fixed connection is on Y is to the slip table of guide rail, the rotary worktable top is used for fixed connection anchor clamps and work piece, Z has two to the slip table, fixed connection is in the middle left and right sides in longmen respectively, ultrasonic machining system fixed connection is on the slip table of left Z to the slip table, grinding and polishing subassembly fixed connection are on the slip table of Z to the slip.
2. The integrated processing machine tool for milling, grinding and measuring complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ultrasonic machining system include the installation base, online measuring apparatu, ultrasonic vibrator, upper bracket, the under bracing frame, the instrument head subassembly, motor and reduction gear, wherein online measuring apparatu fixed connection is at the installation base up end, upper bracket has two, fixed connection is at the installation base downside respectively, the under bracing frame has two, fixed connection is on the upper bracket respectively, ultrasonic vibrator has threely, fixed connection is at installation base upside and upper bracket respectively, the under bracing frame is middle, instrument head subassembly fixed connection is at the head of three ultrasonic vibrator, motor and reduction gear fixed connection are at the installation base downside, and with the instrument head free sleeve of instrument head subassembly, through round pin transmission torque.
3. The integrated processing machine tool for milling, grinding and measuring complex curved surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tool head assembly comprises a three-dimensional flexible hinge, an upper bearing end cover, a pin, a tool head, an upper bearing, a lower bearing and a lower bearing end cover, wherein the tool head is fixed in a hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge in a mode of fixing two ends through the upper bearing and the lower bearing, the upper bearing end cover is fixedly connected in the hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge and compresses an outer ring of the upper bearing, the lower bearing end cover is fixedly connected in the hole of the three-dimensional flexible hinge and compresses an outer ring below the bearing, and the pin is fixedly connected in a pin hole at the upper end of the tool head.
4. The integrated processing machine tool for milling, grinding and measuring complex curved surfaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that: grinding and polishing subassembly include grinding subassembly, mounting bracket, motor, online measuring apparatu, burnishing tool, wherein motor fixed connection is in the mounting bracket upside, grinding subassembly fixed connection is in the mounting bracket left side, online measuring apparatu fixed connection is at the mounting bracket downside, burnishing tool fixed connection on the mounting bracket right side.
5. The integrated processing machine tool for milling, grinding and measuring complex curved surfaces as claimed in claim 4, wherein: grinding subassembly include action wheel, abrasive band, take-up pulley subassembly, regulating wheel, axle, transmission shaft, wherein the action wheel passes through fixed connection on the transmission shaft, transmission shaft fixed connection is on the mounting bracket, take-up pulley subassembly fixed connection is on the mounting bracket, axle fixed connection is on the mounting bracket, regulating wheel fixed connection is epaxial, the abrasive band parcel is in action wheel, take-up pulley subassembly, regulating wheel outside.
6. The integrated processing machine tool for milling, grinding and measuring complex curved surfaces as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the tensioning wheel assembly comprises a tensioning wheel, a first shaft, a second shaft and a connecting rod, wherein the second shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second shaft, the first shaft and the connecting rod are axially fixed and radially slide, and the tensioning wheel and the first shaft are axially fixed and radially slide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920846594.6U CN210189023U (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | Complex curved surface milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920846594.6U CN210189023U (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | Complex curved surface milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool |
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| CN210189023U true CN210189023U (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201920846594.6U Withdrawn - After Issue CN210189023U (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | Complex curved surface milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110076577A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-02 | 吉林大学 | Integrated machining tool and manufacturing process are surveyed in a kind of complex-curved milling |
| CN112025315A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-04 | 吉林大学 | Annular workpiece milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool and control method thereof |
| CN113231828A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-10 | 大连理工大学 | Milling, grinding and polishing in-situ imaging integrated intelligent equipment and processing method |
-
2019
- 2019-06-05 CN CN201920846594.6U patent/CN210189023U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110076577A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-02 | 吉林大学 | Integrated machining tool and manufacturing process are surveyed in a kind of complex-curved milling |
| CN110076577B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2023-08-15 | 吉林大学 | Milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool for complex curved surface and forming method |
| CN112025315A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-04 | 吉林大学 | Annular workpiece milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool and control method thereof |
| CN112025315B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-09-10 | 吉林大学 | Annular workpiece milling, grinding and measuring integrated processing machine tool and control method thereof |
| CN113231828A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-10 | 大连理工大学 | Milling, grinding and polishing in-situ imaging integrated intelligent equipment and processing method |
| CN113231828B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-05-24 | 大连理工大学 | Milling, grinding and polishing in-situ imaging integrated intelligent equipment and processing method |
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