CN106584243B

CN106584243B - High-precision cylindrical polishing grinder

Info

Publication number: CN106584243B
Application number: CN201611257856.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 虞荣华
Original assignee: Taizhou Beiping Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Beiping Machine Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-30
Filing date: 2016-12-30
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-30
Also published as: CN106584243A

Abstract

The invention provides a high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The cylindrical polishing grinder solves the problems of low efficiency and poor polishing effect of the conventional cylindrical polishing grinder. The abrasive belt winding machine comprises a workbench and a first support plate, wherein an abrasive belt winding placing shaft and a winding wheel are arranged on the first support plate, an original abrasive belt winding is sleeved on the abrasive belt winding placing shaft, a power unit for driving the winding wheel to rotate is arranged on the first support plate, a first guide rail, a first sliding table matched with the first guide rail and a cylinder for driving the first sliding table to move back and forth are arranged on the upper surface of the workbench, a second support plate is arranged on the first sliding table, a contact wheel is arranged on the second support plate, an abrasive belt led out from the original abrasive belt winding is wound on the winding wheel after bypassing the contact wheel, and a swinging structure is further arranged on the first sliding table. The invention does not damage the original shape and size precision of the workpiece, but can obviously improve the surface finish and precision of the workpiece, and has simple structure, good stability and convenient operation.

Description

High-precision cylindrical polishing grinder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and relates to a polishing grinder, in particular to a high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder.

Background

In the engineering machinery industry, some traditional processing technologies of long shaft parts with high requirements are processes of rough turning, finish turning, rough grinding, finish grinding and the like. The finish machining of the machining surface of the part is mainly realized by grinding with a grinding wheel on an externally-added grinding machine, and for some slender rod parts with large length-diameter ratio, such as piston rods of various hydraulic cylinders, the common grinding wheel is adopted to grind the slender rod parts, so that the limit of the driven machining range is limited, and the grinding wheel has large hardness and impurities in the grinding wheel, so that the machining precision is influenced when the grinding wheel is used, and the shaft parts are damaged when the grinding wheel is serious, so that the shaft parts are scrapped. The abrasive belt grinding is a process for grinding the surface of a workpiece by relative friction movement generated by the abrasive belt grinding process, which is characterized in that an annular abrasive belt is sleeved on the excircle of a contact wheel and a tensioning wheel and is contacted with the surface of the workpiece which rotates at a high speed under the tensioning state, and the surface of the workpiece is ground under the action of certain pressure.

In some industrially developed countries, the functions of abrasive belt grinding are far beyond the range of derusting, rough grinding, polishing and the like due to the rapid development of various types of abrasive belt grinding machines, and the machining precision is close to or exceeds the quality of the abrasive belt grinding. The related data suggest that the annual output ratio of grinding wheel to belt is about 1:1, and belt grinding is an important place in the well-known engineering machinery industry, catepiler. In China, abrasive belt grinding machine tools are mostly applied to working procedures without precision requirements in the earlier stage of rust removal, deburring and the like, and the number of the abrasive belt grinding machine tools applied to grinding, particularly high-precision grinding, is very small. The Chinese patent discloses an excircle superfinishing machine [ application number 201510678151.7] which comprises a frame and a workbench, wherein a transverse guide rail, a transverse sliding table, a transverse sliding driving mechanism, a longitudinal guide rail, a longitudinal sliding table and a longitudinal movement driving mechanism are arranged on the workbench; a headstock, a headstock center and a rotary driving mechanism are arranged on one side of the transverse sliding table, and a tailstock, a sleeve, a tailstock center and a center adjusting mechanism are arranged on the other side of the transverse sliding table; the longitudinal slipway is provided with an abrasive belt frame, an abrasive belt driving shaft, an abrasive belt driven shaft, an abrasive belt motor, an abrasive belt coiling wheel, an abrasive belt discharging wheel, a polishing wheel frame and a polishing motor; the polishing wheel is arranged on the polishing belt, and the polishing wheel is arranged on the polishing belt.

Although the excircle superfinishing machine has the advantages of high machining precision and no scrapping of shaft parts, in order to grind a workpiece completely, the workpiece needs to be axially moved while rotating, and the workpiece is driven to move by a hand wheel and a transverse screw rod so as to achieve the aim of axially moving the workpiece. When the grinding of the part of the workpiece corresponding to the abrasive belt is finished, the hand wheel is rotated to enable the workpiece to move axially for a certain distance, and a new part of the workpiece is ground, but in the grinding process, the workpiece does not move rapidly axially relative to the abrasive belt, and the workpiece is ground only in the tangential direction of the workpiece, so that the grinding effect is poor; in order to improve the grinding precision, the workpiece is repeatedly ground, and the working efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder with good grinding effect and high working efficiency.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder comprises a workbench and a first supporting plate perpendicular to the upper surface of the workbench, wherein an abrasive belt roll placing shaft and a rolling wheel capable of rotating along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the abrasive belt roll are vertically arranged on one side of the first supporting plate, an original abrasive belt roll is sleeved on the abrasive belt roll placing shaft, a power unit for driving the rolling wheel to rotate at a uniform speed along the central axis of the abrasive belt roll is arranged on the first supporting plate, and the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder is characterized in that a first guide rail extending along the front and rear direction of the workbench, a first sliding table matched with the first guide rail and a cylinder located behind the first guide rail and used for driving the first sliding table to move back and forth along the first guide rail are arranged on the upper surface of the first sliding table, a second supporting plate parallel to the first supporting plate is vertically arranged on the second supporting plate, the abrasive belt led out from the original abrasive belt roll winds the rolling wheel after bypassing the contact wheel, and a swing structure for driving the contact wheel to move back and forth axially.

The guide rail I in this high accuracy excircle finish grinding machine sets up along the fore-and-aft direction, and the axis that the abrasive band was rolled up and is placed axle, contact wheel and rolling wheel sets up along the left and right directions of workstation, and the abrasive band is rolled up and is placed the work position of axle and rolling wheel and is located same working plane, and the work position of contact wheel also is located this working plane, but can control the swing of little scope. When the workpiece is ground, the workpiece can be ground in the axial direction of the workpiece in addition to the tangential direction of the workpiece, so that the working efficiency and the grinding effect are improved.

The cylinder pressure is regulated by a precise electric proportional valve, stepless control of compressed air is realized by an electric proportional signal and an operating system, the cylinder rapidly advances and retreats under high air pressure by controlling the proportional valve, the contact wheel is pressed by low air pressure, and the air pressure is stable and reliable.

In the above-mentioned high accuracy cylindrical polishing grinder, the swing structure include locate on the slip table first along the guide rail second that the direction extends about the workstation and with the slip table second that the cooperation set up, above-mentioned backup pad second locate on the slip table second, slip table first on still be equipped with and be used for driving slip table second along the drive structure of guide rail second left and right sides round trip movement.

The sliding table II drives the support plate II to move together when moving left and right along the guide rail II under the action of the driving structure, the contact wheel is arranged on the support plate II, and the axis of the contact wheel is arranged along the left and right direction of the workbench, so that the left and right back and forth movement of the contact wheel is realized. Due to the fact that the guide rail II is matched with the sliding table II, noise generated during movement is small, and stability of left-right movement is good, and therefore grinding accuracy is improved.

The first guide rail is a crossed roller guide rail, and the second guide rail is a crossed roller guide rail. The high-rigidity cross guide rail ensures that the first sliding table and the second sliding table swing reliably, flexibly and stably.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the driving structure comprises a first motor, an eccentric wheel and a transmission plate, wherein the axis of the first motor is perpendicular to the axis of the contact wheel, the eccentric wheel is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the first motor, the transmission plate is fixed on a second sliding table and is perpendicular to the axis of the first motor, a transmission shaft parallel to the rotating shaft of the first motor is fixed on the transmission plate, the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the eccentric wheel through a swinging connecting rod, and a supporting structure for supporting the first motor is arranged on the first sliding table.

The first motor is a servo motor and can be adjusted at any speed so as to achieve the optimal grinding effect.

In the above-mentioned high accuracy excircle polishing grinder, bearing structure include parallel locate slip table one the top horizontal plate and locate the vertical board parallel with the drive plate on the horizontal plate, motor one locate on the vertical board perpendicularly, vertical board on be equipped with the guard shield towards one side of drive plate, foretell eccentric wheel is located this guard shield. The shield is formed of three sides, one side at the top, remote from the first support plate, and the opposite side from the vertical plate, respectively.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, one end of the eccentric wheel is a first connecting part connected with a rotating shaft of the first motor, the other end of the eccentric wheel is a second connecting part connected with the shield, and a first bearing is arranged between the second connecting part and the shield.

The side surface of the second shield, which is opposite to the vertical plate, is provided with a supporting hole, a first bearing is arranged in the supporting hole, and a second connecting part of the eccentric wheel is arranged in the first bearing in a penetrating way.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, one end of the swinging connecting rod is provided with a first hole, a second bearing is arranged in the first hole, and the eccentric wheel is arranged in the second bearing in a penetrating manner; the other end of the swinging connecting rod is provided with a hole II, a bearing III is arranged in the hole II, and the transmission shaft is arranged in the bearing III in a penetrating way.

When the sliding table is in operation, the first motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, the eccentric wheel drives the connecting rod to swing around the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft has radial traction force in the swinging process, and the transmission plate is pulled to drive the sliding table to move back and forth. The speed of the back and forth movement is determined by the rotating speed of the motor I; the distance of the back and forth movement is determined by the outer diameter of the eccentric and the center of the eccentric.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the power unit comprises a motor II vertically arranged on the support plate I and a shaft sleeve sleeved on a rotating shaft of the motor II, the shaft sleeve is positioned on one side of the support plate I, which is provided with a winding wheel, and the winding wheel is always attached to the shaft sleeve through a traction structure.

The second motor is a servo motor and can be adjusted at any speed to achieve the optimal grinding effect.

In the above-mentioned high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the traction structure comprises a hinged plate with one end hinged on the first supporting plate and an elastic piece with one end fixed on the first supporting plate and used for traction the hinged plate to be close to the shaft sleeve, the other end of the elastic piece is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hinged plate, and the winding wheel is arranged on the free end of the hinged plate.

The winding wheel is directly increased after the abrasive belt is wound more and more, so that the hinged plate and the elastic piece are arranged to ensure that the winding wheel can normally operate, and the winding wheel always leans against the shaft sleeve through the elastic piece.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the elastic piece is a spring.

In the above high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the first supporting plate is provided with three intermediate guide wheels: the first middle guide wheel and the second middle guide wheel between the original sand belt roll and the contact wheel and the fifth middle guide wheel between the rolling wheel and the contact wheel are arranged on the second support plate, and the second support plate is provided with two middle guide wheels: a third intermediate guide wheel located above the contact wheel and a fourth intermediate guide wheel located behind the third intermediate guide wheel.

The number of the middle guide wheels can be five or other, and is mainly based on the design trend of the abrasive belt, so as to assist in supporting the abrasive belt and determining the trend of the abrasive belt. The third middle guide wheel and the fourth middle guide wheel are positioned above the contact wheel, and do not interfere with the working position of the contact wheel.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the middle guide wheel, the contact wheel and the motor shaft sleeve are made of rubber materials or rubber materials are wrapped on the surfaces of the middle guide wheel, the contact wheel and the motor shaft sleeve, so that the abrasive belt slip is reduced, and the friction force is increased.

In the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder, the contact wheel and the abrasive belt are in contact with each other, and the contact wheel is made of PUR rubber material, and the hardness of the contact wheel and the abrasive belt is 90 degrees Shore. The polishing wheel is positioned at the forefront end of the grinding machine, the abrasive belt is wound on the polishing wheel, the abrasive belt on the contact wheel is contacted with the workpiece under a certain pressure, and the contact wheel is driven by the abrasive belt to rotate under the driving of the shaft sleeve.

In the initial state, the contact wheel and the workpiece are in a separated state, and when the workpiece is required to be processed, the air cylinder pushes the sliding table to drive the contact wheel to move forward, so that the abrasive belt on the contact wheel is attached to the surface of the workpiece under a certain pressure. The second motor drives the shaft sleeve to rotate, friction force between the shaft sleeve and the winding wheel enables the winding wheel to rotate, and the contact wheel is pulled to rotate through the abrasive belt. Meanwhile, the first motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, the eccentric wheel drives the connecting rod to swing around the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft has radial traction force in the swinging process, and the second traction sliding table moves back and forth left and right to realize the axial back and forth movement of the contact wheel. The axial grinding machine can also grind the surface of the workpiece back and forth in the axial direction when grinding the surface of the workpiece in the tangential direction, and has good grinding effect and high grinding efficiency.

The high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder is realized by grinding the surface of a workpiece through the abrasive belt, the abrasive belt is a determining factor for determining the machining precision of the machined workpiece, the selection and the use of the abrasive belt are extremely important, and the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder can select matched abrasive belts according to different machining materials and surface finishes of users.

The precision assurance of the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder mainly comprises the following points: 1. a contact wheel; 2. the stability of the contact wheel swinging left and right; 3. a pressure value of the contact wheel in contact with the workpiece; 4. selecting an abrasive belt; 5. the left-right swinging frequency of the contact wheel and the rotating speed of the abrasive belt are in a certain proportional relation.

The high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder can further improve the surface roughness value after the cylindrical grinding machine of the grinding wheel is used for fine grinding, is a subsequent fine machining process with high requirements, and is suitable for cylindrical surface polishing and polishing treatment of medium and small-sized workpieces.

Compared with the prior art, the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder has the following advantages:

the driving structure adopted by the left-right swing of the contact wheel is an eccentric wheel and a connecting rod, and the operation is stable and reliable; the guide rail I and the guide rail II are crossed roller guide rails with high precision and high rigidity, and can stably, reliably and flexibly operate; the winding wheel is always abutted against the rotating shaft through the spring, so that the structure is simple, convenient and reliable; the precise electric proportional valve is used, so that grinding is efficient, stable and reliable; after polishing, the original shape and the dimensional precision of the workpiece are not damaged, but the surface finish and the precision can be obviously improved; and the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the precision is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A in FIG. 2, provided by the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B in FIG. 4, provided by the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a workbench; 2. a first supporting plate; 3. a sand belt roll placing shaft; 4. a winding wheel; 5. an original sand belt roll; 6. a first guide rail; 7. a sliding table I; 8. a cylinder; 9. a second supporting plate; 10. a contact wheel; 11. a second guide rail; 12. a sliding table II; 13. a first motor; 14. an eccentric wheel; 15. a drive plate; 16. a transmission shaft; 17. swinging the connecting rod; 18. a horizontal plate; 19. a vertical plate; 20. a shield; 21. a first bearing; 22. a second bearing; 23. a third bearing; 24. a second motor; 25. a shaft sleeve; 26. a hinged plate; 27. a spring; 31. a first intermediate guide wheel; 32. a second intermediate guide wheel; 33. a third intermediate guide wheel; 34. a fourth intermediate guide wheel; 35. and a fifth intermediate guide wheel.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a workbench 1 and a first support plate 2 perpendicular to the upper surface of the workbench 1, wherein a sand strip coil placing shaft 3 and a winding wheel 4 capable of rotating along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the sand strip coil placing shaft are vertically arranged on one side of the first support plate 2, which faces the workbench 1, and the first support plate 2 is arranged on the side part of the workbench 1 and fixedly arranged with the workbench 1. As shown in fig. 1, an original abrasive belt roll 5 is sleeved on an abrasive belt roll placing shaft 3, and a power unit for driving a winding wheel 4 to rotate at a constant speed along a central axis of the support plate 1 is arranged on the support plate 2.

As shown in fig. 4, the upper surface of the workbench 1 is provided with a first guide rail 6 extending along the front-back direction of the workbench 1, a first sliding table 7 matched with the first guide rail 6, and an air cylinder 8 positioned behind the first guide rail 6 and used for driving the first sliding table 7 to move back and forth along the first guide rail 6, the first sliding table 7 is provided with a second support plate 9 parallel to the first support plate 2, the second support plate 9 is vertically provided with a contact wheel 10 capable of rotating along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the support plate, the abrasive belt led out by the original abrasive belt roll 5 bypasses the contact wheel 10 and then is wound on the winding wheel 4, and the first sliding table 7 is also provided with a swinging structure used for driving the contact wheel 10 to move back and forth axially.

The first guide rail 6 of the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder is arranged along the front-back direction, the axes of the abrasive belt roll placing shaft 3, the contact wheel 10 and the winding wheel 4 are arranged along the left-right direction of the workbench 1, the working positions of the abrasive belt roll placing shaft 3 and the winding wheel 4 are positioned in the same working plane, and the working position of the contact wheel 10 is also positioned in the working plane, but can swing in a left-right small range. When the workpiece is ground, the workpiece can be ground in the axial direction of the workpiece in addition to the tangential direction of the workpiece, so that the working efficiency and the grinding effect are improved.

In this embodiment, the pressure of the air cylinder 8 is adjusted by a precise electrical proportional valve, an electrical proportional signal, an operating system to realize stepless control of compressed air, and a proportional valve to realize rapid forward and backward movement of the air cylinder 8 under high air pressure, so that the contact wheel 10 compresses the workpiece under low air pressure, and the air pressure is stable and reliable.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the swing structure includes a second guide rail 11 disposed on the first slide table 7 and extending along the left-right direction of the workbench 1, and a second slide table 12 cooperating with the second guide rail 11, where the second support plate 9 is disposed on the second slide table 12, and the first slide table 7 is further provided with a driving structure for driving the second slide table 12 to move back and forth along the second guide rail 11.

The sliding table II 12 drives the supporting plate II 9 to move together when moving left and right along the guide rail II 11 under the action of the driving structure, the contact wheel 10 is arranged on the supporting plate II 9, and the axis of the contact wheel 10 is arranged along the left and right direction of the workbench 1, so that the left and right back and forth movement of the contact wheel 10 is realized. Due to the fact that the guide rail II 11 is matched with the sliding table II 12, noise generated during movement is small, and stability of left-right movement is good, and therefore grinding accuracy is improved.

In this embodiment, rail one 6 is a cross roller rail and rail two 11 is a cross roller rail. The high-rigidity cross guide rail ensures that the first sliding table 7 and the second sliding table 12 swing reliably, flexibly and stably.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the driving structure comprises a first motor 13 with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the contact wheel 10, an eccentric wheel 14 sleeved on the rotating shaft of the first motor 13, and a transmission plate 15 fixed on a second sliding table 12 and perpendicular to the axis of the first motor 13, wherein a transmission shaft 16 parallel to the rotating shaft of the first motor 13 is fixed on the transmission plate 15, the transmission shaft 16 is in transmission connection with the eccentric wheel 14 through a swinging connecting rod 17, and a supporting structure for supporting the first motor 13 is arranged on the first sliding table 7. The first motor 13 is a servo motor and can be adjusted at any speed to achieve the optimal grinding effect.

As shown in fig. 2, the supporting structure comprises a horizontal plate 18 arranged above the first sliding table 7 in parallel and a vertical plate 19 arranged on the horizontal plate 18 and parallel to the transmission plate 15, the first motor 13 is vertically arranged on the vertical plate 19, a protecting cover 20 is arranged on one side, facing the transmission plate 15, of the vertical plate 19, and the eccentric wheel 14 is positioned in the protecting cover 20. The shield 20 is made up of three sides, one on top, the side remote from the support plate one 2 and the opposite side from the vertical plate 19.

As shown in fig. 5, one end of the eccentric wheel 14 is a first connecting portion connected to the rotating shaft of the first motor 13, the other end is a second connecting portion connected to the shield 20, and a first bearing 21 is disposed between the second connecting portion and the shield 20. Specifically, a supporting hole is formed in the side surface, opposite to the vertical plate 19, of the second shield 20, a first bearing 21 is installed in the supporting hole, and a second connecting portion of the eccentric wheel 14 is arranged in the first bearing 21 in a penetrating manner.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, one end of the swinging connecting rod 17 has a hole one, a bearing two 22 is arranged in the hole one, and the eccentric wheel 14 is arranged in the bearing two 22 in a penetrating way; the other end of the swinging connecting rod 17 is provided with a hole II, a bearing III 23 is arranged in the hole II, and the transmission shaft 16 is arranged in the bearing III 23 in a penetrating way.

During operation, the first motor 13 drives the eccentric wheel 14 to rotate, the eccentric wheel 14 drives the connecting rod to swing around the transmission shaft 16, and the transmission shaft 16 has radial traction force in the swinging process, and the transmission plate 15 is pulled to drive the sliding table two 12 to move left and right. The speed of the back and forth movement is determined by the rotation speed of the motor I13; the distance of the back and forth movement is determined by the outer diameter of the eccentric 14 and the center of the eccentric 14.

As shown in fig. 3, the power unit comprises a motor two 24 vertically arranged on a supporting plate one 2 and a shaft sleeve 25 sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor two 24, the shaft sleeve 25 is positioned on one side of the supporting plate one 2 with a winding wheel 4, and the winding wheel 4 is always attached to the shaft sleeve 25 through a traction structure. The second motor 24 is a servo motor, and can be adjusted at any speed to achieve the best grinding effect.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the traction structure includes a hinged plate 26 with one end hinged on the first support plate 2 and an elastic member with one end fixed on the first support plate 2 for traction of the hinged plate 26 near the shaft sleeve 25, the other end of the elastic member is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hinged plate 26, and the winding wheel 4 is arranged on the free end of the hinged plate 26. The winding wheel 4 is directly increased after the abrasive belt is wound more and more, so that the hinge plate 26 and the elastic piece are arranged in order to ensure that the winding wheel 4 can normally run, and the winding wheel 4 always leans against the shaft sleeve 25 through the elastic piece.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the elastic member is a spring 27.

As shown in fig. 1, the first support plate 2 is provided with three intermediate guide wheels: a first intermediate guide wheel 31, a second intermediate guide wheel 32, and a fifth intermediate guide wheel 35, which are located between the original roll 5 and the contact wheel 10, and between the take-up wheel 4 and the contact wheel 10. Two middle guide wheels are arranged on the second support plate 9: a third intermediate guide wheel 33 above the contact wheel 10 and a fourth intermediate guide wheel 34 behind the third intermediate guide wheel.

The number of the middle guide wheels can be five or other, and is mainly based on the design trend of the abrasive belt, so as to assist in supporting the abrasive belt and determining the trend of the abrasive belt. The third intermediate guide wheel 33 and the fourth intermediate guide wheel 34 are located above the contact wheel 10 without interfering with the working part of the contact wheel 10. The belt is wound around the sleeve 25 after passing around the first intermediate guide wheel 31, the second intermediate guide wheel 32, the third intermediate guide wheel 33, the contact wheel 10, the fourth intermediate guide wheel 34 and the fifth intermediate guide wheel 35 in this order, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.

In order to reduce the slippage of the abrasive belt and increase the friction, the intermediate guide wheel, the contact wheel 10 and the motor sleeve 25 are made of rubber material or are coated with rubber material on the surfaces thereof.

Specifically, the contact wheel 10 is made of PUR rubber material, and the hardness of the contact wheel is 90 degrees Shore. The polishing wheel is positioned at the forefront end of the grinding machine, the abrasive belt is wound on the polishing wheel, the abrasive belt on the contact wheel 10 is contacted with a workpiece under a certain pressure, and the contact wheel 10 is driven to rotate by the abrasive belt under the drive of the shaft sleeve 25.

In the initial state, the contact wheel 10 and the workpiece are in a separated state, and when the workpiece is required to be processed, the cylinder 8 pushes the sliding table I7 to drive the contact wheel 10 to move forward, so that the abrasive belt on the contact wheel 10 is attached to the surface of the workpiece under a certain pressure. The second motor 24 drives the shaft sleeve 25 to rotate, friction force between the shaft sleeve 25 and the winding wheel 4 enables the winding wheel 4 to rotate, and the contact wheel 10 is pulled to rotate through the abrasive belt. Meanwhile, the first motor 13 drives the eccentric wheel 14 to rotate, the eccentric wheel 14 drives the connecting rod to swing around the transmission shaft 16, the transmission shaft 16 has radial traction force in the swinging process, the second traction sliding table 12 moves left and right back and forth, and the axial back and forth movement of the contact wheel 10 is realized. The axial grinding machine can also grind the surface of the workpiece back and forth in the axial direction when grinding the surface of the workpiece in the tangential direction, and has good grinding effect and high grinding efficiency.

The precision assurance of the high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder mainly comprises the following points: 1. a contact wheel 10; 2. the stability of the contact wheel 10 swinging left and right; 3. a pressure value at which the contact wheel 10 contacts the workpiece; 4. selecting an abrasive belt; 5. the left-right oscillation frequency of the contact wheel 10 is in a proportional relation with the rotational speed of the sanding belt.

The abrasive belt grinding provided in the embodiment is elastic grinding, is a composite processing technology with multiple functions of grinding, lapping, polishing and the like, and the abrasive material of the abrasive belt is a cutting composite processing technology with stronger abrasive material than that of the grinding wheel abrasive material, so that the grinding efficiency is very high and is 96%, the grinding wheel grinding machine only has 52%, the milling machine 57%, the lathe 65% and all the abrasive belt grinding is a good energy-saving processing technology.

The abrasive belt grinding has high surface quality, and has multiple composite processing functions, and compared with the grinding wheel grinding, the abrasive belt grinding has the name of cold grinding, namely, the grinding temperature is low, so that the surface of the workpiece is not easy to burn.

The abrasive belt has small grinding vibration and good stability, and because the abrasive belt has light weight, the balance state of a grinding process structural system is easy to control, the abrasion of all rotary parts such as a contact wheel 10, a driving wheel, a tensioning wheel and the like is extremely small, in addition, the elastic grinding effect of the abrasive belt can greatly lighten or absorb vibration and impact generated by grinding, the grinding speed is stable, the surface quality of an abrasive belt ground workpiece is mainly represented by the phenomena of small surface roughness value, good residual stress state and no microscopic crack or metallographic structure change on the surface. Therefore, the abrasive belt grinding is very beneficial to strengthening the surface of the workpiece and improving the fatigue strength of the workpiece.

The abrasive belt grinding cost is low, and the abrasive belt grinding device is mainly characterized by simple abrasive belt grinding equipment, light abrasive belt mass, small grinding force, small vibration in the grinding process, and far lower requirements on the rigidity and strength of the machine tool than those of the grinding wheel grinder. The abrasive belt grinding operation is simple, the auxiliary time is short, the operation is very convenient, the clamping of the processed workpiece from the replacement and adjustment of the abrasive belt can be completed in a very short time, the abrasive belt grinding is very safe, the noise and dust are small, the control is easy, the environmental benefit is dane, and the danger of hurting people is avoided. Because of the rubber contact wheel 10, the abrasive belt grinding does not impact the rigidity of the workpiece like the grinding wheel grinding, so the processing noise is small.

From the perspective of environmental protection, the abrasive belt grinding is very worth popularizing, the abrasive belt grinding process is flexible, the adaptability is strong, and parts difficult to process, such as ultra-long and ultra-large shaft parts, can be easily solved by utilizing the abrasive belt grinding.

The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high accuracy excircle polishing grinder, includes workstation (1) and backup pad one (2) that perpendicular to workstation (1) upper surface set up, backup pad one (2) be equipped with perpendicularly on one side of orientation workstation (1) sand tape roll placement shaft (3) and can follow self axis circumference pivoted rolling wheel (4), abrasive band roll placement shaft (3) on the cover be equipped with primitive sand tape roll (5), backup pad one (2) on be equipped with and be used for driving rolling wheel (4) at the uniform velocity pivoted power unit along self axis, characterized in that, the upper surface of workstation (1) is equipped with along the guide rail one (6) of workstation (1) fore-and-aft direction extension, with guide rail one (6) complex slip table one (7) and be located behind guide rail one (6) and be used for driving slip table one (7) along guide rail one (6) fore-and-aft movement cylinder (8), slip table one (7) be equipped with on being equipped with backup pad two (9) parallel with backup pad one (2), backup pad two (9) on being equipped with perpendicularly on being equipped with on the backup pad two (9) can follow self axis circumference pivoted contact wheel (10) contact wheel at the contact wheel (10) at the same time with abrasive band roll (10) winding up material that is taken out on the abrasive band (10) the abrasive band is passed through to contact roller (10) on the contact roller (R) the abrasive band (4), the sliding table I (7) is also provided with a swinging structure for driving the contact wheel (10) to axially move back and forth; the swing structure comprises a guide rail II (11) which is arranged on the first sliding table (7) and extends along the left-right direction of the workbench (1) and a sliding table II (12) which is matched with the guide rail II (11), the support plate II (9) is arranged on the sliding table II (12), and the first sliding table (7) is also provided with a driving structure for driving the sliding table II (12) to move left and right along the guide rail II (11); the driving structure comprises a first motor (13) with the axis perpendicular to the axis of the contact wheel (10), an eccentric wheel (14) sleeved on the rotating shaft of the first motor (13) and a transmission plate (15) fixed on a second sliding table (12) and perpendicular to the axis of the first motor (13), a transmission shaft (16) parallel to the rotating shaft of the first motor (13) is fixed on the transmission plate (15), the transmission shaft (16) is in transmission connection with the eccentric wheel (14) through a swinging connecting rod (17), and a supporting structure for supporting the first motor (13) is arranged on the first sliding table (7); the supporting structure comprises a horizontal plate (18) arranged above the first sliding table (7) in parallel and a vertical plate (19) arranged on the horizontal plate (18) and parallel to the transmission plate (15), the first motor (13) is vertically arranged on the vertical plate (19), a shield (20) is arranged on one side, facing the transmission plate (15), of the vertical plate (19), and the eccentric wheel (14) is positioned in the shield (20); one end of the eccentric wheel (14) is a first connecting part connected with a rotating shaft of the first motor (13), the other end of the eccentric wheel is a second connecting part connected with the shield (20), and a first bearing (21) is arranged between the second connecting part and the shield (20); one end of the swing connecting rod (17) is provided with a first hole, a second bearing (22) is arranged in the first hole, and the eccentric wheel (14) is arranged in the second bearing (22) in a penetrating way; the other end of the swinging connecting rod (17) is provided with a hole II, a bearing III (23) is arranged in the hole II, and the transmission shaft (16) is arranged in the bearing III (23) in a penetrating way; and a plurality of middle guide wheels for supporting the abrasive belt in an auxiliary mode and determining the trend of the abrasive belt are arranged on the first support plate (2) and the second support plate (9).

2. The high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder according to claim 1, wherein the power unit comprises a motor II (24) vertically arranged on the support plate I (2) and a shaft sleeve (25) sleeved on a rotating shaft of the motor II (24), the shaft sleeve (25) is positioned on one side of the support plate I (2) with the winding wheel (4), and the winding wheel (4) is always attached to the shaft sleeve (25) through a traction structure.

3. The high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the traction structure comprises a hinged plate (26) with one end hinged on the first support plate (2) and an elastic member with one end fixed on the first support plate (2) for traction of the hinged plate (26) near the shaft sleeve (25), the other end of the elastic member is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hinged plate (26), and the winding wheel (4) is arranged on the free end of the hinged plate (26).

4. A high precision cylindrical polishing grinder as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic member is a spring (27).

5. The high-precision cylindrical polishing grinder as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first support plate (2) is provided with three intermediate guide wheels: the first middle guide wheel (31), the second middle guide wheel (32) and the fifth middle guide wheel (35) are arranged between the original sand belt roll (5) and the contact wheel (10), the second support plate (9) is provided with two middle guide wheels: a third intermediate guide wheel (33) located above the contact wheel (10) and a fourth intermediate guide wheel (34) located behind the third intermediate guide wheel.