CN114479993A - 与水性涂料相容链条油组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
与水性涂料相容链条油组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种与水性涂料相容的链条油组合物及其制备方法。该链条油组合物包含以下重量百分比的各组分：醚类化合物85％～95％、普通抗氧剂1％～4％、高温抗氧剂1.5％～4％、抗磨剂1.5％～3％、防锈剂0.5％～3％和金属减活剂0.5％～1％。将上述原材料按照一定顺序、比例加入，在适当温度下反应调合后，即可获得所述一种与水性涂料相容的高温链条油。相比现有技术中的传统高温链条油，该与水性涂料相容的高温链条油除具有良好的润滑性能、低挥发性能和高闪点、耐高温性能外，主要突出了与水性涂料有良好的相容性，与少量水直接或间接接触不破坏高温链条的油膜，也适用于汽车行业采用水性涂料的涂装工艺。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及传动润滑油的特种高温链条油，具体涉及一种与水性涂料相容的链条油组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
链条传动(高温链条多为滚子链)是一种常见的传动方式，其传动平稳性好，多适用于高温、潮湿和多尘的涂装、纺织、矿山和轻工等机械的轴系传动场合。
现代工艺水平的日益发展对高温链条油的性能提出了更高要求，除了具备链条润滑油的抗高温、抗磨、极压、防锈等普通性能外，针对特殊工作场合还要具备非常低的挥发性能和与水性涂料的相容性能。比如汽车生产工艺中的涂装生产过程，由于采用水溶性涂料，现场潮湿且存在链条油滴落到涂料水池中的可能性，因此要求链条油不仅具备抗高温、低挥发，还需要具备与水溶性涂料相容的特性，以保证最终的汽车涂装质量。
目前国内市场上高温链条油多侧重抗高温和低挥发性能，普遍采用酯类、聚α烯烃类(PAO)基础油及油溶性添加剂调合生产，产品与水性涂装涂料不相容，导致汽车表面出现缩孔、鱼眼和颗粒状不溶物等问题，影响汽车涂装质量并容易形成积碳影响链条正常工作。
根据市场实际需求以及国内汽车涂装工艺用高温链条油市场普遍被国外高端润滑油公司垄断的局面，本发明的一种与水性涂料相容的高温链条油不仅从基础油方面进行创新，也从部分功能添加剂方面进行更适合此工况的研究，产品除满足普通高温链条油的基本性能外，可基本分散于水性涂料，满足所有与水直接或间接接触的高温链条的润滑。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种与水性涂料相容的高温链条油组合物及其制备方法，产品符合国家现行环保法规要求。发明采用区别于传统酯类等合成油的醚类化合物作为主要基础油；采用部分水溶性功能添加剂代替传统油性添加剂；根据工况温度要求确定了普通抗氧剂和高温抗氧剂的最优选择及复配关系，使得醚类化合物相比酯类基础油较弱的高温性能得到了充分弥补。经多次现场试用证明效果良好并替代国外进口产品使用。
为达上述目的，本发明的链条油组合物中各原料组分按照重量百分比计算(w/w％)，其组成如下：
优选地，以链条油组合物总质量百分比计，各组分含量为(w/w％)：
优选地，醚类化合物为环氧乙烷、环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷共聚物中的至少一种；环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷共聚物末端采用极性基团或非极性基团封端，40℃黏度为135mm2/s～165mm2/s。
优选地，普通抗氧剂为位阻酚类抗氧剂和二苯胺类抗氧剂中的至少一种。
优选地，高温抗氧剂为硫化烷基酚类抗氧剂、烷基二苯胺类抗氧剂和烷基α萘胺类抗氧剂中的至少两种，其中酚类抗氧剂和胺类抗氧剂按照质量百分比1:1～1:2添加。
优选地，普通抗氧剂和高温抗氧剂需按照质量百分比1:1～1:2添加。
优选地，抗磨剂为磷酸酯、磷酸酯铵盐和硫代磷酸酯铵盐中的至少一种。
优选地，防锈剂为烃基咪唑啉衍生物、十二烷基丁二酸及其衍生物和2-巯基苯并噻唑中的至少两种。
优选地，金属减活剂为苯并三氮唑、甲基苯并三氮唑、三氮唑衍生物和噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种。
本发明还提供一种上述链条油组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤a：将醚类化合物作为基础油加热搅拌至60℃-70℃；
步骤b：加入普通抗氧剂搅拌，同时升温至100℃-110℃，加入高温抗氧剂，保持搅拌并恒温1～2小时；
步骤c：停止加热，加入抗磨剂、防锈剂和金属减活剂继续搅拌至完全溶解；
步骤d：将步骤c溶解后的在60℃-70℃时经200～500目过滤网过滤灌装，得到链条油组合物。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
本发明的链条油组合物具有高温不结焦、200℃工况下低挥发和良好的极压抗磨性能，同时所采用的基础油和部分功能添加剂与水性涂料有良好的相容性，本发明的链条油组合物满足与水直接或间接接触高温链条的润滑，不破坏油膜，如在汽车涂装工艺中可保证车辆漆面不出现缩孔、鱼眼和颗粒状缺陷。该链条油组合物高温下无气味、不含有毒有害物质，对环境、人身健康均无毒无害，实现了苛刻工况下替代国外进口油使用。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例作详细说明。本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例，下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，通常按照常规条件。
实施例一：
本实施例的链条油组合物各原料组分按照重量百分比计算(w/w％)，其组成如下：
本实施例的链条油组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤a.将88份环氧乙烷基础油加入釜中，加热搅拌至70℃；
b.加入3份位阻酚抗氧剂搅拌，同时升温至100℃，加入3份比例为1:1的硫化烷基酚、烷基二苯胺高温抗氧剂，保持搅拌、恒温1小时；
c.停止加热，加入2份硫代磷酸酯铵盐、3份烃基咪唑啉衍生物、2-巯基苯并噻唑和1份甲基苯并三氮唑继续搅拌至完全溶解，约1小时；
d.在60℃时经500目过滤网过滤灌装。
实施例二：
本实施例的链条油组合物各原料组分按照重量百分比计算(w/w％)，其组成如下：
本实施例的链条油组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤：a.将90份环氧乙烷环氧丙烷共聚物基础油加入釜中，加热搅拌至70℃；
b.加入2份二苯胺类抗氧剂搅拌，同时升温至100℃，加入4份质量百分比为1:2特定比例的烷基二苯胺、α萘胺高温抗氧剂，保持搅拌、恒温1小时；
c.停止加热，加入2.5份磷酸酯抗磨剂、1份十二烷基丁二酸、烃基咪唑啉衍生物和0.5份苯并三氮唑金属减活剂继续搅拌至完全溶解，约1小时；
d.在60℃时经500目过滤网过滤灌装。
实施例三：
本实施例的链条油组合物各原料组分按照重量百分比计算(w/w％)，其组成如下：
本实施例的链条油组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤：a.将92份环氧乙烷、苯并三氮唑环氧乙烷环氧丙烷共聚物基础油加入釜中，加热搅拌至70℃；
b.加入1份位阻酚抗氧剂搅拌，同时升温至110℃，加入1.5份质量百分比为1:1.5特定比例的硫化烷基酚、α萘胺高温抗氧剂，保持搅拌、恒温1小时；
c.停止加热，加入3份磷酸酯铵盐抗磨剂、2份十二烷基丁二酸及其衍生物、2-巯基苯并噻唑防锈剂和0.5份三氮唑衍生物金属减活剂继续搅拌至完全溶解，约1小时；
d.在70℃时经500目过滤网过滤灌装。
将实施例一得到的链条油组合物作性能测试，其结果如下表1
表1本发明的高温链条油主要性能数据
由表1的性能数据可以看出，本发明的高温链条油黏度适中，既适用于滴入式润滑，也适用于喷射式润滑；本发明的高温链条油与主流水溶性涂料可完全相容。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求书所界定的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种链条油组合物，其特征在于，以链条油组合物总质量百分比计，各组分含量为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，以链条油组合物总质量百分比计，各组分含量为：
3.根据权利要求1所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述醚类化合物为环氧乙烷、环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷共聚物中的至少一种；所述环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷共聚物末端采用极性基团或非极性基团封端，40℃黏度为135mm2/s～165mm2/s。
4.根据权利要求1所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述普通抗氧剂为位阻酚类抗氧剂和二苯胺类抗氧剂中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水性涂料相容的高温链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述高温抗氧剂为硫化烷基酚类抗氧剂、烷基二苯胺类抗氧剂和烷基α萘胺类抗氧剂中的至少两种，其中酚类抗氧剂和胺类抗氧剂的质量比为1:1～1:2。
6.根据权利要求1所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述普通抗氧剂和高温抗氧剂的质量比为1:1～1:2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述抗磨剂为磷酸酯、磷酸酯铵盐和硫代磷酸酯铵盐中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述防锈剂为烃基咪唑啉衍生物、十二烷基丁二酸及其衍生物和2-巯基苯并噻唑中的至少两种。
9.根据权利要求1-8所述的链条油组合物，其特征在于，所述金属减活剂为苯并三氮唑、甲基苯并三氮唑、三氮唑衍生物和噻二唑衍生物中的至少一种。
10.一种制备根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的链条油组合物的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤a：将醚类化合物作为基础油加热搅拌至60℃-70℃；
步骤b：加入普通抗氧剂搅拌，同时升温至100℃-110℃，加入高温抗氧剂，保持搅拌并恒温1～2小时；
步骤c：停止加热，加入抗磨剂、防锈剂和金属减活剂继续搅拌至完全溶解；
步骤d：将步骤c溶解后的在60℃-70℃时经200～500目过滤网过滤灌装，得到链条油组合物。
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