CN114479423A - 加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料 - Google Patents
加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 flame-retardant isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
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- MORLYCDUFHDZKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[hydroxy(phenyl)phosphoryl]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MORLYCDUFHDZKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QIYNMRRDEJUPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(CCC(O)=O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)O Chemical compound OCC(CCC(O)=O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)O QIYNMRRDEJUPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxanthrene Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/20—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof
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- C08G18/2027—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof containing one heterocyclic ring having two nitrogen atoms in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,属于硅酸盐改性技术领域。本发明硅酸盐改性注浆材料原料中约60%重量比例是硅酸盐改性水溶液组分,约40%是结构阻燃异氰酸酯。因此其拥有极好的阻燃性能和抗压性能,其抗压强度≥40MPa,氧指数≥35%,最高反应温度≤100℃,气味等级(80℃)≤3.5,雾气测试≤5mg,其粘接≥3MPa,抗剪强度≥20MPa,抗拉强度≥20MPa,特别是其结构阻燃异氰酸酯赋予了其很好的阻燃能力和韧性,免去了使用聚合MDI的预聚步骤。其不含卤素阻燃剂,发烟量小,烟气毒性指数≤5,不会释放出具有腐蚀性或刺激性卤化氢气体,不会产生有毒致癌物质多溴代苯并恶英和多溴代二苯并呋喃,不会增加煤质中的卤素含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,属于材料技术领域。
背景技术
煤矿巷道在掘进过程,破碎或松散煤岩体往往会导致冒顶、片帮等煤矿事故的发生,不仅严重危及矿工的生命安全,而且还严重影响了煤矿企业的生产效率。因此,煤矿在生产过程中,一般都要对破碎煤岩体进行注浆加固。注浆材料种类较多,一般分为无机类注浆材料和有机类注浆材料。无机类材料应用较为广泛的是水玻璃水泥双液灌浆,材料优点是成本低,反应基本不放热,但固化速度慢,抗压强度及粘结强度低,渗透性和韧性差。有机类注浆材料有丙烯酰胺类化学注浆材料、环氧树脂类化学注浆材料、甲基丙烯酸甲酯类化学注浆材料、脲醛树脂类化学注浆材料以及聚氨酯化学注浆材料,其中聚氨酯注浆材料凭借其粘度适中、凝结时间可调、反应速度快、力学性能好、施工方法便利等诸多优点,成为矿用堵水加固的最优选择,在煤矿井下获得了广泛的应用。
聚氨酯等高分子材料本身是不阻燃的,不添加阻燃剂的情况下,氧指数约为17%,达不到煤矿阻燃要求。通过添加三(氯乙基)磷酸酯(TCEP),三(1-氯-2-丙基)磷酸酯(TCPP)等物理阻燃剂的方式可以提高高分子材料的阻燃性能,此方法操作方便,成本低,但是存在以下四个问题:
1、添加型物理阻燃剂大多含有氯、溴等卤素元素,但是卤素阻燃剂可能会污染煤炭,使其燃烧时产生酸性气体而造成大气污染,或者被用做化工煤时使重金属催化剂中毒,严重影响工业生产;
2、添加型物理阻燃剂用于聚氨酯硬泡的品种分子量较小,会随着时间向高分子材料表面迁移,降低高分子材料阻燃性的同时又影响土质及地下水源;
3、添加型物理阻燃剂不参与高分子材料结构,会对高分子材料的强度等物理性能造成不利影响;
4、含卤素阻燃剂价格便宜,替代含卤素阻燃剂价格较高,特别是含氯元素阻燃剂因为其合成所需的氯气原料本身就是一种化工副产品而且价格便宜;单纯含磷、氮阻燃剂替代品价格昂贵。
加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料结合了无机注浆材料和高分子注浆材料的优点,阻燃好、固化速度快,强度高,成本低,放热小。缺点是强度、韧性、粘结力等物理性能远远不及聚氨酯注浆材料,特别是在放热≤100℃的情况下,强度、韧性、粘结力等物理性能的缺点更加突出。
发明内容
本发明的加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料拥有极好的阻燃性能和抗压性能,其抗压强度≥40MPa,氧指数≥35%,最高反应温度≤100℃,气味等级(80℃)≤3.5,雾气测试≤5mg(没有物理添加型阻燃剂向环境扩散现象),其粘接≥3MPa,抗剪强度≥20MPa,抗拉强度≥20MPa,特别是其结构阻燃异氰酸酯赋予了其很好的阻燃能力和韧性,免去了使用聚合MDI的预聚步骤。其不含卤素阻燃剂,发烟量小,烟气毒性指数≤5,不会释放出具有腐蚀性或刺激性卤化氢气体。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,其特殊之处在于包括预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液,所述预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液的重量比为1:(1.2-1.4),所述预聚异氰酸酯的P含量为4.4%,N含量为7.9%,NCO%含量为11.9%,预聚异氰酸酯的结构式如下:
所述硅酸盐改性水溶液组分包括液体硅酸钠、水、催化剂;所述液体硅酸钠占硅酸盐改性水溶液重量份的90-95%;所述水占硅酸盐改性水溶液重量份的5-8%;所述催化剂占硅酸盐改性水溶液重量份的0.5-1.5%;
所述液体硅酸钠为硅酸钠的水溶液,其波美度为39-40;
所述液体硅酸钠采用青岛海湾化学的SSL3340;
所述催化剂为三乙烯基二胺的二甘醇溶液,浓度为33%;
所述催化剂采用赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司的33lv。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料的合成方法,其特殊之处在于采用预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液反应制得,所述预聚异氰酸酯的合成步骤如下:
1)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸和乙二醇按照1:1的摩尔比发生酯化反应生成2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯,反应方程式如下:
2)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯和环氧丙烷按照1:1的摩尔比发生加成反应,生成含磷二元醇中间体,反应方程式如下:
3)含磷二元醇中间体和TDI聚合得到一种二官能度改性阻燃异氰酸酯化合物,合成反应方程式如下:
所述加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料的具体合成工艺为:
1)把2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸(武汉市合中生化制造有限公司)和乙二醇按照1:1的摩尔比进入反应釜,在硫酸或者有机锡的催化下于105-110℃下进行酯化反应,生成的水从塔顶馏出,生成2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯;
2)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯在反应釜中加热到100~110℃之间,使用氢氧化钾作为催化剂,按照1:1的摩尔比缓慢加入环氧丙烷,反应釜中反应压力逐步上升,但最高压力保持在2.5个公斤压力以下,釜内温度保持在100~115℃之间,加料完毕后保压4h,釜内温度保持在100℃左右,真空抽去未反应的小分子,得到含磷二元醇中间体;
3)将反应釜加热至48℃-52℃,按照含磷二元醇中间体:TDI=1:(3-4)的摩尔比先加入全部的TDI,然后匀速加入全部的含磷二元醇中间体;
4)将反应釜加热升温至78℃-82℃,然后反应1.9h-2.2h;
5)采用薄膜蒸发器去除没有反应的过量的TDI;
6)然后将反应釜降温至48℃-52℃,出釜包装即得P含量4.4%,N含量7.9%,NCO%含量为11.9%的预聚异氰酸酯;
7)将预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液按照质量比1:(1.2-1.4)混合,得到加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、相比较常规使用的聚合MDI或者改性聚合MDI,TDI的-NCO基团由于位阻等原因活性要弱一些,本发明预聚异氰酸酯两端使用TDI封端,同时其分子量较大,使其反应活性比较适中,避免了剧烈放热导致的体系温度剧烈上升的问题,保持体系温度≤100℃,同时合适的反应活性改善了粘接力;
2、本发明在预聚异氰酸酯中间接枝长链段,大幅度增加了材料的韧性;避免了氯化石蜡等卤素及非卤素增塑剂和阻燃剂的添加,一方面提高了材料的抗压、抗剪和抗拉强度,同时避免了在体系中添加卤素及非卤素增塑剂和阻燃剂带来的气味变大、雾气测试值变大(雾气测试结果越低,代表保温泡沫中物理添加型阻燃剂向环境扩散现象越少),气味变大的问题;尤其是不含有卤素增塑剂,燃烧发烟量小,不会释放具有腐蚀性或刺激性的卤化氢气体,不会产生有毒致癌物质多溴代苯并恶英和多溴代二苯并呋喃,避免了材料对环境的长期影响。
3、本发明在预聚异氰酸酯中间接枝长链段含有磷阻燃元素,配合硅酸盐的无机成分即使不添加阻燃剂也能取得很高的氧指数;
本发明克服了硅酸盐改性高分子材料其强度、韧性、粘结力等物理性能远远不及聚氨酯注浆材料的问题;满足在放热≤100℃的情况下,抗压强度≥40MPa,氧指数≥35%,最高反应温度≤100℃,气味等级(80℃)≤3.5,雾气测试≤5mg(没有物理添加型阻燃剂向环境扩散现象),粘接≥3MPa,抗剪强度≥20MPa,抗拉强度≥20MPa的特点。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1-5
本实施例的一种加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,包括预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液,所述预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液的重量比为1:(1.2-1.4),所述预聚异氰酸酯的P含量为4.4%,N含量为7.9%,NCO%含量为11.9%,预聚异氰酸酯的结构式如下:
硅酸盐改性水溶液组分包括液体硅酸钠、水、催化剂;所述液体硅酸钠占硅酸盐改性水溶液重量份的90-95%;所述水占硅酸盐改性水溶液重量份的5-8%;所述催化剂占硅酸盐改性水溶液重量份的0.5-1.5%;液体硅酸钠为硅酸钠的水溶液,其波美度为39-40;液体硅酸钠采用青岛海湾化学的SSL3340;催化剂为三乙烯基二胺的二甘醇溶液,浓度为33%;催化剂采用赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司的33lv。
本实施例的一种加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料的合成方法,采用预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液反应制得,所述预聚异氰酸酯的合成步骤如下:
1)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸和乙二醇按照1:1的摩尔比发生酯化反应生成2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯,反应方程式如下:
2)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯和环氧丙烷按照1:1的摩尔比发生加成反应,生成含磷二元醇中间体,反应方程式如下:
3)含磷二元醇中间体和TDI聚合得到一种二官能度改性阻燃异氰酸酯化合物,合成反应方程式如下:
所述加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料的具体合成工艺为:
1)把2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸(武汉市合中生化制造有限公司)和乙二醇按照1:1的摩尔比进入反应釜,在硫酸或者有机锡的催化下于105-110℃下进行酯化反应,生成的水塔顶馏出,生成2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯;
2)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯在反应釜中加热到100~110℃之间,使用氢氧化钾作为催化剂,按照1:1的摩尔比缓慢加入环氧丙烷,反应釜中反应压力逐步上升,但最高压力保持在2.5个公斤压力以下,釜内温度保持在100~115℃之间,加料完毕后保压4h,釜内温度保持在100℃左右,真空抽去未反应的小分子,得到含磷二元醇中间体;
3)将反应釜加热至48℃-52℃,按照含磷二元醇中间体:TDI=1:(3-4)的摩尔比先加入全部的TDI,然后匀速加入全部的含磷二元醇中间体;
4)将反应釜加热升温至78℃-82℃,然后反应1.9h-2.2h;
5)采用薄膜蒸发器去除没有反应的过量的TDI;
6)然后将反应釜降温至48℃-52℃,出釜包装即得P含量4.4%,N含量7.9%,NCO%含量为11.9%的预聚异氰酸酯;
7)将预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液按照质量比1:(1.2-1.4)混合,得到加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料。
本试验例的一种预聚异氰酸酯化合物应用于注浆材料具体实施例如下:
硅酸盐水溶液配方如下:
使用上述硅酸盐水溶液130份,和下述表格各实施例异氰酸酯组分100分混合搅拌,制作注浆材料。
各试验例异氰酸酯组分:
上述试验例1、2、3、4、5按照上述表格的配方分数对应的异氰酸酯重量相等,其和硅酸盐水溶液按重量比100:130充分反应。
测试各试验例阻燃与物理性能如下:
阻燃性能与物理性能测试标准:AQ1089-2020
气味等级测试标准:VDA270:1992,
雾气测试测试标准:Q/ZK JS 364-201903
试验例3在试验例1的基础上使用同质量的预聚异氰酸酯代替Pm200,其他一切不变,氧指数从30.1%提高到35.2%,反应温度从113℃降低到89℃,抗压强度分别为46MPa和45MPa,变化不大,压缩形变从31%增加到48%,说明材料韧性明显变好,而粘结强度也从3.3MPa提高到4.2MPa,气味等级都是3.5,没有变化,雾气测试从5.64mg降低到4.90mg,变化不大,说明预聚异氰酸酯在阻燃、最高反应温度、韧性和粘结强度方面有比较明显的优势。
试验例3在试验例2的基础上使用同质量的预聚异氰酸酯代替100LL,其他一切不变,氧指数从29.7%提高到35.2%,反应温度从112℃降低到89℃,抗压强度从41MPa升高到45MPa,压缩形变从33%增加到48%,说明材料韧性明显变好,而粘结强度也从3.1MPa提高到4.2MPa,气味等级都是3.5,没有变化,雾气测试从5.89mg降低到4.90mg,说明与100LL比较预聚异氰酸酯在阻燃、最高反应温度、韧性、粘结强度和环保方面有比较明显的优势。
试验例4在试验例1的基础上保持PM200质量不变加入tcpp使材料P含量与试验例3一致,其他一切没变,氧指数从30.1%提高到35.1%,最高反应温度从113℃降低到91℃,抗压强度从46MPa降低到33Mpa,最大压缩形变从31%升高到41%,粘结强度从3.3Mpa降低到2.6MPa,气味等级从3.5上升到4.5,雾气测试值从5.64mg升高到68mg,增加了10倍,说明加入阻燃剂提高阻燃性能的同时会使反应温度、抗压强度、粘结强度降低,使阻燃性能和韧性提高,会降低材料的环保性能。
试验例4在试验例3的基础上使用Pm200作为异氰酸酯,同时加入阻燃剂tcpp,使得体系的磷含量一致,最高反应温度从89℃提高到91℃,抗压强度从45Mpa降低到33Mpa,最大形变量从48%降低到41%,粘结强度从4.2Mpa降低到2.6Mpa,气味等级从3.5提高到4.5,雾气测试值从4.90上升到68,说明使用预聚异氰酸酯提高阻燃性能在控制反应温度、提高材料抗压强度、粘结强度、材料韧性和改善环保性能方面优势巨大。
试验例5在试验例3的基础上使用同质量的8312代替预聚异氰酸酯,其他一切不变,氧指数从35.2%下降到29.4%,反应温度从89℃升高到105℃,抗压强度分别为43MPa和45MPa,变化不大,压缩形变从48%降低到42%,说明材料韧性变差,而粘结强度也从4.2MPa降低到3.8MPa,气味等级都是3.5,没有变化,雾气测试分别是4.90mg、5.61mg,说明改性阻燃异氰酸酯在阻燃、最高反应温度、韧性和粘结强度方面有比较明显的优势。
最后应该说明的是,以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分进行等同替换。上述虽然对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述,但并非对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (7)
2.按照权利要求1所述的加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,其特征在于所述液体硅酸钠为硅酸钠的水溶液,其波美度为39-40。
3.按照权利要求2所述的加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,其特征在于所述液体硅酸钠采用青岛海湾化学的SSL3340。
4.按照权利要求1所述的加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,其特征在于所述催化剂为三乙烯基二胺的二甘醇溶液,浓度为33%。
5.按照权利要求4所述的加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,其特征在于所述催化剂采用赢创特种化学(上海)有限公司的33lv。
7.按照权利要求6所述的加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料,其特征在于具体合成工艺为:
1)把2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸(武汉市合中生化制造有限公司)和乙二醇按照1:1的摩尔比进入反应釜,在硫酸或者有机锡的催化下于105-110℃下进行酯化反应,生成的水塔顶馏出,生成2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯;
2)2-羧乙基苯基次磷酸乙二醇酯在反应釜中加热到100~110℃之间,使用氢氧化钾作为催化剂,按照1:1的摩尔比缓慢加入环氧丙烷,反应釜中反应压力逐步上升,但最高压力保持在2.5个公斤压力以下,釜内温度保持在100~115℃之间,加料完毕后保压4h,釜内温度保持在100℃左右,真空抽去未反应的小分子,得到含磷二元醇中间体;
3)将反应釜加热至48℃-52℃,按照含磷二元醇中间体:TDI=1:(3-4)的摩尔比先加入全部的TDI,然后匀速加入全部的含磷二元醇中间体;
4)将反应釜加热升温至78℃-82℃,然后反应1.9h-2.2h;
5)采用薄膜蒸发器去除没有反应的过量的TDI;
6)然后将反应釜降温至48℃-52℃,出釜包装即得P含量为P含量4.4%,N含量7.9%,NCO%含量为11.9%的预聚异氰酸酯;
7)将预聚异氰酸酯和硅酸盐改性水溶液按照质量比1:(1.2-1.4)混合,得到加固用硅酸盐改性高韧低热高分子注浆材料。
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