CN114478142A - Tobacco leaf fertilizer containing nanometer rare elements and application - Google Patents
Tobacco leaf fertilizer containing nanometer rare elements and application Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco leaf fertilizer containing nanometer rare elements and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of leaf fertilizers. The tobacco leaf fertilizer comprises the following components in per liter: 10-40 g of nano molybdenum, 2-10 g of nano hafnium, 2-10 g of nano tantalum, 100-500 g of soluble nutrient elements, 2-10 g of peaked honey, 5-20 g of humic acid and 2-10 g of sweet wormwood powder; the soluble nutrient elements comprise potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper, and the molar ratio of the soluble nutrient elements to the soluble nutrient elements is 700-4000: 700-4000 parts: 90-250: 25-80: 25-70: 0.5-2: 1-7: 0.5-3: 0.2 to 1.5. By using the composite nano leaf fertilizer, the potassium concentration of tobacco leaves can be increased, the nicotine and chlorine contents are reduced, reducing sugar and total nitrogen are improved, and the quality of flue-cured tobacco is integrally improved; the disease resistance of tobacco plants is enhanced, the single leaf weight of tobacco leaves is increased, and the yield of flue-cured tobacco is further increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foliar fertilizers, in particular to a tobacco foliar fertilizer with an alkali-reducing and potassium-increasing effect and application thereof.
Background
Tobacco is one of important economic crops in China, but compared with foreign tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves in China have the problems of relatively poor quality, insufficient aroma, insufficient coordination of chemical components and the like, and low potassium content is one of the reasons for low quality of the tobacco leaves in China. Tobacco is a typical potassium-loving crop and has a high demand for potassium. Sufficient potassium supply is one of the important conditions for ensuring the normal growth of tobacco plants and obtaining high-quality tobacco leaves. The potassium content of tobacco leaves higher than 3 percent is generally used as an important index of high-quality tobacco internationally, and the potassium content in the current flue-cured tobacco production cannot meet the standard easily. Therefore, how to improve the potassium content of the tobacco leaves becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently for improving the quality of the tobacco leaves in China.
Fertilization and nutrition regulation are main factors determining the yield and quality of tobacco leaves in the flue-cured tobacco cultivation process. The optimized application of the potash fertilizer is the main way to increase the potassium content of the tobacco leaves, for example: the potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, the biological potassium fertilizer, the organic potassium fertilizer and the like can improve the potassium content of the tobacco leaves and improve the quality of the tobacco leaves. Although the potassium content of the tobacco leaves can be increased by increasing the potassium content of the base fertilizer, the potassium added by the base fertilizer is obviously reduced in utilization rate due to loss of potassium to stems and roots in leaves in the mature period of the tobacco, and the potassium content of the tobacco leaves is still difficult to be the standard of high-quality flue-cured tobacco. In addition, nutrient elements are easy to be fixed and leached in soil, the effectiveness is low, the fertilizer efficiency cannot be fully exerted, and the fertilizer control and the efficiency improvement of tobacco production are not facilitated.
The foliar fertilizer exerts the fertilizer effect through applying the nutrient elements to the surfaces of the crop leaves and absorbing the nutrient elements by the leaves, has the advantages of strong pertinence and fast nutrient absorption and operation, and can make up the deficiency of the roots in nutrient absorption. Research shows that potassium can be absorbed by plant roots and plant leaf surfaces, and the leaf surface absorption efficiency is higher in a proper concentration range. Therefore, the potassium content of the tobacco leaves can be improved by spraying the fertilizer on the leaf surfaces.
The potassium applied on a single leaf surface is difficult to achieve the expected target, and the formula of the leaf fertilizer can be regulated and controlled by starting from the coordination correlation among elements so as to achieve the target of improving the potassium content and the tobacco quality. For example, patent document CN 106518498B discloses a tobacco foliar fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials: 10-50 parts of organic fertilizer leaching liquor, 10-60 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-25 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, 0.1-2 parts of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.05-3 parts of surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of azadirachtin, 1-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-8 parts of EDTA-Fe, 0.1-5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 0.05-2 parts of EDTA-Cu and 0.05-7 parts of boric acid. The leaf fertilizer can improve the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in the tobacco leaves, the content of potassium reaches 2.61 percent, and the contents of total nitrogen and salt and alkali in the baked tobacco leaves are reduced, so that the effects of reducing alkali and improving potassium are achieved.
At present, no research report for improving the content of potassium in tobacco leaves by spraying molybdenum, tantalum and hafnium leaf fertilizers is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nanometer rare element compound foliar fertilizer which is applied to tobacco planting to improve the potassium absorption of tobacco leaves and further improve the yield and quality of the tobacco leaves.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nanometer rare elements, which comprises the following components in terms of per liter: 10-40 g of nano molybdenum, 2-10 g of nano hafnium, 2-10 g of nano tantalum, 100-500 g of soluble nutrient elements, 2-10 g of peaked honey, 5-20 g of humic acid, 2-10 g of sweet wormwood powder and the balance of water;
the soluble nutrient elements comprise potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper, and the molar ratio of the soluble nutrient elements to the soluble nutrient elements is 700-4000: 700-4000 parts: 90-250: 25-80: 25-70: 0.5-2: 1-7: 0.5-3: 0.2 to 1.5.
The earlier research of the invention analyzes the element compositions of the soil and the tobacco leaves, and the result shows that the potassium content of the tobacco leaves is in positive correlation with the rare elements of molybdenum (Mo), hafnium (Hf) and tantalum (Ta). Based on the research, the nano molybdenum, the nano hafnium and the nano tantalum are added when the foliar fertilizer is compounded, and the potassium concentration in tobacco leaves can be obviously improved, the nicotine and chlorine content can be reduced, the reducing sugar and the total nitrogen can be improved, and the quality of flue-cured tobacco can be integrally improved by utilizing the compound foliar fertilizer.
The nano molybdenum, the nano hafnium and the nano tantalum are nano particles containing elements of molybdenum (Mo), hafnium (Hf) and tantalum (Ta). The nanoparticles are materials whose three-dimensional space is composed of a range of nanometer sizes in at least one dimension, or their basic units.
The nano particles have large specific surface area, are favorable for being adsorbed on the hydrophobic surface of a wax layer of the tobacco leaves, and can improve the covering property and the residence time of the leaves when being applied to a leaf fertilizer.
Preferably, the nano molybdenum is molybdenum dioxide, and the particle size is 20-200 nm; the nano hafnium is hafnium oxide, and the particle size is 100-500 nm; the nano tantalum is tantalum oxide, and the particle size is 200-1000 nm.
The soluble nutrient elements provide nutrient elements required by the growth of tobacco, the proportion is substantially consistent with the content of nutrient components of the conventional foliar fertilizer, and the soluble nutrient elements can also be adjusted according to soil nutrients and texture.
Specifically, soluble salts of various nutrient elements are compounded, and preferably, the soluble nutrient elements are monopotassium phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, EDTA-iron, manganese chloride, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate.
Preferably, the raw materials of the soluble nutrient elements in the tobacco foliar fertilizer comprise, by per liter: 100-450 g of monopotassium phosphate, 15-40 g of calcium nitrate, 3-8 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-0.8 g of EDTA-iron, 0.2-0.8 g of manganese chloride, 0.08-0.4 g of zinc sulfate and 0.05-0.2 g of copper sulfate.
The compound organic matter provides organic molecular substances which cannot be provided by soluble salt, and provides better nutrients for tobacco plants by being matched with inorganic salt. In addition, the plant disease and insect resistance can be assisted.
Specifically, the honey and humus are commercially available products, and the herba Artemisiae Annuae powder is obtained by drying and pulverizing herba Artemisiae Annuae to obtain powder with particle size of less than 0.2 mm. The proportion can be adjusted according to the soil nutrient and texture. During compounding, the honey, humic acid and sweet wormwood powder are directly added into deionized water and are uniformly stirred for standby.
The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco leaf fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: firstly, adding inorganic salt and compound organic matter into water according to the proportion, combining ultrasonic treatment to assist dissolution, then adding nano material, continuing ultrasonic treatment and stirring, and finally fixing the volume.
The tobacco leaf fertilizer provided by the invention has good water solubility, is easy to absorb and utilize on tobacco leaves, and has the advantages that the components cooperate with each other, so that the growth and development of tobacco plants are effectively promoted, the quality of the tobacco leaves is improved, the disease resistance is enhanced, and the use of pesticides is reduced.
Preferably, the tobacco leaf fertilizer comprises the following components in terms of per liter: 20-30 g of nano molybdenum, 4-8 g of nano hafnium, 4-8 g of nano tantalum, 200-400 g of monopotassium phosphate, 25-35 g of calcium nitrate, 4-6 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.4-0.6 g of EDTA-iron, 0.4-0.6 g of manganese chloride, 0.1-0.3 g of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.2 g of copper sulfate, 2-5 g of honey, 8-15 g of humic acid and 2-5 g of sweet wormwood herb powder.
More preferably, the tobacco leaf fertilizer comprises the following components in terms of per liter: 25g of nano molybdenum, 5g of nano hafnium, 5g of nano tantalum, 320g of monopotassium phosphate, 34g of calcium nitrate, 4.7g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of EDTA-iron, 0.5g of manganese chloride, 0.2g of zinc sulfate, 0.1g of copper sulfate, 2g of honey, 10g of humic acid, 2g of sweet wormwood powder and the balance of water.
The invention provides an application of the tobacco leaf fertilizer in tobacco planting, which comprises the following steps: the foliage spraying is carried out in the tobacco agglomeration period, the vigorous growth period and the round top period. Specifically, the fertilizer can provide nutrition for the growth of tobacco plants, enhance the disease resistance of the tobacco plants, increase the number of leaves and the stem circumference and provide a foundation for improving the yield of flue-cured tobacco by spraying in the root-growing period and the vigorous growing period. The spraying in the dome maturation period is to preserve potassium in leaves and increase the potassium content of flue-cured tobacco.
And (3) diluting the tobacco foliar fertilizer with water, and spraying the tobacco foliar fertilizer once in each of the three periods, wherein the spraying amount is based on the condition that the foliar wet dew does not drip water. Spraying in the morning or afternoon of cloudy or sunny days, and re-spraying when raining.
Preferably, the tobacco leaf fertilizer and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 50-100 to prepare a solution, 10-20 mL of surfactant is added into every 50L of the solution, and the spraying liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing.
The surfactant is a nonionic surfactant, and is added to soften a wax layer on the surface of the tobacco leaves and promote nutrients to enter a surface layer of the leaf surfaces.
The invention also provides application of the tobacco leaf fertilizer in improving the quality and/or yield of tobacco. Specifically, the tobacco quality improvement comprises the steps of improving the total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium content of tobacco leaves and reducing the nicotine, total nitrogen and chlorine content.
The invention also provides application of the tobacco leaf fertilizer in enhancing the disease resistance of tobacco. Specifically, the disease resistance is tobacco mosaic disease resistance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the foliar fertilizer disclosed by the invention is compounded by nano molybdenum, nano tantalum, nano hafnium, soluble nutrient elements and compound organic matters, the base fertilizer used for planting tobacco is not changed, the foliar fertilizer can be jointly applied with pesticide, an unmanned aerial vehicle can be used for large-area spraying, the application is convenient, and the nutrients are comprehensive.
(2) The foliar fertilizer can provide nutrients (mainly potassium) which are difficult to absorb and transport to leaves by tobacco plants through root systems, enhance the stress resistance of the plants, prevent and control tobacco diseases or relieve the tobacco diseases, integrally improve the yield of tobacco leaves, improve the chemical component coordination of flue-cured tobacco and improve the quality of the tobacco leaves.
(3) By using the composite nano leaf fertilizer, the potassium concentration of tobacco leaves can be increased, the nicotine and chlorine contents are reduced, reducing sugar and total nitrogen are improved, and the quality of flue-cured tobacco is integrally improved; the disease resistance of tobacco plants is enhanced, the single leaf weight of tobacco leaves is increased, and the yield of flue-cured tobacco is further increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of foliar fertilizer on the potassium content of tobacco in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of foliar fertilizer on the incidence of tobacco plants in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of foliar fertilizer on the single leaf weight of tobacco leaves in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It is intended that all modifications or alterations to the methods, procedures or conditions of the present invention be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof.
The test methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.
Nano molybdenum (molybdenum dioxide, MoO)2) Nano tantalum (tantalum oxide, Ta)2O5) Nano hafnium (hafnium oxide, HfO)2) Are all purchased from NanoTech, Guangzhou, Inc.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, EDTA-iron, manganese chloride, zinc sulfate, and copper sulfate were all purchased from Doctorong Chemicals, Inc.
The honey is purchased from local farmers; humic acid is purchased from Tianjin photo-compound fine chemical research institute; the herba Artemisiae Annuae is sun-dried herba Artemisiae Annuae purchased from local farmers, and is pulverized into powder with particle size of less than 0.2mm by pulverizer.
The surfactant is Jeffell nonionic surfactant.
The carbon-based fertilizer is purchased from Bijie City of tobacco corporation, Guizhou province; the farmyard manure adopts cow dung produced by local farmers; the seedling extracting fertilizer is purchased from Yunnan Yunye chemical fertilizer GmbH.
Example 1
1. The test site is a certain tobacco area in the southwest, the soil is yellow soil, and the basic physicochemical properties of the soil are as follows: pH4.78, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen 32.69mg/kg, available phosphorus 46.78mg/kg, quick-acting potassium 374.9mg/kg, cation exchange capacity 4.72cmol +/kg, and organic matter 23.84 mg/kg.
The tobacco variety is Yunyan 87.
The test time ranged from 4 months to 9 months in 2021.
According to a local planting mode, deep planting is carried out in big pits in 4 months in 2021, 50 kg/mu of base fertilizer, 100 kg/mu of farmyard manure and 5 kg/mu of seedling raising fertilizer are used, and the rest of conventional management is carried out according to local tobacco planting guidance.
And (3) experimental setting:
the experimental group comprises the following components in terms of per liter, wherein the content of the novel nanometer rare element compound foliar fertilizer is as follows: 25g of nano molybdenum; 5g of nano hafnium; 5g of nano tantalum; 360g of soluble nutrient elements (320 g of monopotassium phosphate, 34g of calcium nitrate, 4.7g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of EDTA-ferrum, 0.5g of manganese chloride, 0.2g of zinc sulfate and 0.1g of copper sulfate); 14g of compound organic substances (2 g of honey, 10g of humic acid and 2g of sweet wormwood powder).
Specifically, 600mL of deionized water is added into a 1L beaker, then inorganic salt and compound organic matter are added according to the proportion, water is added to about 900mL, the mixture is placed into an ultrasonic cleaner and a stirrer for ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, then nano materials are added, the ultrasonic treatment is continued and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes, the mixture is transferred into a 1L volumetric flask for constant volume, and the mixture is transferred into a storage flask for standby after being shaken uniformly.
CK, same amount of tap water sprayed as control.
The experiment is set as that the spraying is carried out once in each of the agglomeration period, the vigorous growth period and the doming period and is carried out three times in all the three periods.
Before use, the leaf fertilizer and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1:50 to prepare a solution, then 10mL of surfactant (Jiefuli nonionic surfactant and organic silicon auxiliary agent) is added into every 50L of water, after even mixing, the mixture is sprayed in the afternoon, and after spraying, the mixture needs to be sprayed again if meeting rain, and the condition is that the leaf surface does not drip when being wet.
The spacing between tobacco planting lines is 1.20 multiplied by 0.55 m. Each treatment was set to 3 replicates, each replicate cell area field trial being 40 square meters.
2. After the flue-cured tobacco is harvested and baked, the potassium content of tobacco leaves of Chinese orange three (C3F) and Shangjuliang two (B2F) is measured.
The test result is shown in figure 1, compared with the control, the potassium content of B2F can be increased by 1-1.96 times and the potassium content of C3F can be increased by 1-1.40 times by spraying the foliar fertilizer, and the potassium content of the foliar fertilizer treated in the agglomeration period, the vigorous growth period and the dome period is more than or equal to 3 percent and is better treated by spraying times.
Example 2
1. The test site and soil were the same as in example 1. Experiments are set in that the following groups of foliar fertilizers are sprayed (three times) in the agglomeration period, the vigorous growth period and the doming period.
T1, spraying a leaf fertilizer containing no nano material: 360g of soluble nutrient elements and 14g of compound organic substances;
t2, leaf fertilizer containing nano molybdenum material: 25g of nano molybdenum, 360g of soluble nutrient elements and 14g of composite organic substances;
t3, foliar fertilizer containing nano tantalum material: 5g of nano tantalum, 360g of soluble nutrient elements and 14g of composite organic substances;
t4, leaf fertilizer containing nano hafnium material: 5g of nano hafnium, 360g of soluble nutrient elements and 14g of composite organic substances;
t5, wherein the content of the novel nanometer rare element compound foliar fertilizer is as follows by per liter: 25g of nano molybdenum, 5g of nano hafnium, 5g of nano tantalum, 360g of soluble nutrient elements and 14g of composite organic substances;
in the above formulation, the composition of the soluble nutrient elements and the complex organic substances was the same as in example 1.
CK, same amount of tap water sprayed as control.
Before use, the leaf fertilizers and water are mixed according to a ratio of 1:50 to prepare a solution, 10mL of surfactant (Jiefuli nonionic surfactant and organic silicon auxiliary agent) is added into every 50L of water, the mixture is uniformly mixed and then sprayed in the afternoon, and after spraying, the mixture needs to be sprayed again when meeting rain, and the condition that the leaf surface does not drip when being wet is taken as the standard. And the rest fertilizer application and management field management are carried out according to the local tobacco planting guidance.
The spacing between tobacco planting lines is 1.20 multiplied by 0.55 m. Each treatment was set to 3 replicates, each replicate cell area field trial being 40 square meters.
2. The disease condition of tobacco plants is counted before the first harvest, the diseases of the experimental field are mainly tobacco mosaic diseases, the disease plants with the symptoms are marked as disease-causing plants, and the disease incidence is calculated according to the following formula.
Incidence (%) is diseased/total plants × 100.
Determining the agronomic character indexes of the tobacco plants: plant height, stem circumference, leaf number, maximum leaf length and leaf width.
After the flue-cured tobacco is harvested and baked, selecting Chinese orange three (C3F) to carry out single-leaf weight and chemical component index measurement. Chemical indicators including nicotine (YC/T246), total nitrogen (YC/T161), chlorine (YC/T162), potassium (YC/T217), and reducing sugars and total sugars (YC/T159) were determined using a continuous flow analyzer; and calculating sugar-base ratio, nitrogen-base ratio and potassium-chlorine ratio.
3. Test results
3.1 Effect of foliar fertilizers on the incidence of tobacco plants
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the incidence of tobacco plants in the control was 19.17 + -2.20%, and the incidence of T1 was 19.02 + -1.09%, which was not significantly changed from the control. The incidence of T2 (17.02 +/-7.03%) is slightly lower than that of the control, but the parallelism is poor, which indicates that the effect of the foliar fertilizer is unstable. The incidence rate of T3 is 14.03 +/-4.42%, which indicates that the foliar fertilizer can reduce the incidence rate of tobacco plant diseases to a certain extent. The morbidity of T4 and T5 is as low as 4.0 +/-0%, which shows that the nano hafnium plays a certain role in controlling the plant diseases and insect pests of the tobacco plants. In a whole, the composite spraying of various nano materials can also promote the growth of tobacco leaves to effectively prevent and control or relieve the occurrence rate of tobacco mosaic disease. The incidence of diseases of plants is reduced, and the quality and the yield of flue-cured tobacco are increased.
3.2 Effect of foliar fertilizers on agronomic trait indices
As can be seen from Table 1, the plant height of tobacco can be remarkably increased by spraying the foliar fertilizer, the stem circumference of tobacco plants can be increased to a certain extent, more than 1 leaf blade can be added to each plant on average, and the leaf blade area is increased by increasing the maximum leaf length and the leaf width of the tobacco plants. The product has certain promotion effect on the agronomic characters of tobacco plants, and can improve the yield of tobacco leaves by promoting the growth of the tobacco plants.
TABLE 1 influence of foliar fertilizers on agronomic performance indices
| Treatment of | Plant height (cm) | Stem enclosure (cm) | Number of blades (sheet) | Maximum leaf length (cm) | Maximum leaf width (cm) |
| CK | 90.0±2.45 | 6.70±0.48 | 18.50±1.00 | 64.25±4.57 | 27.25±3.2 |
| T1 | 101.5±2.38 | 7.63±1.23 | 19.75±1.26 | 68.25±4.99 | 29.25±1.5 |
| T2 | 105.5±4.20 | 7.75±0.79 | 21.00±1.15 | 66.00±7.62 | 32.75±1.71 |
| T3 | 103.0±3.46 | 7.10±0.71 | 20.00±0.82 | 68.50±3.87 | 31.25±2.06 |
| T4 | 103.0±4.97 | 6.75±0.6 | 19.50±1.00 | 63.75±5.8 | 28.75±0.5 |
| T5 | 103.5±3.70 | 6.85±0.48 | 20.00±1.41 | 67.25±4.19 | 31.50±2.52 |
3.3 Effect of foliar fertilizers on Single leaf weight of flue-cured tobacco
As can be seen from fig. 3, spraying the foliar fertilizer increased the single leaf weight of the flue-cured tobacco compared to the control, wherein the single leaf weights T1-T5 increased by 15.05%, 26.39%, 38.44%, 30.56% and 40.17%, respectively, which is consistent with the aforementioned increase in the tobacco leaf area, indicating that spraying the foliar fertilizer of the present invention increased the tobacco leaf yield.
3.4 Effect of foliar fertilizers on chemical quality indexes of tobacco
As can be seen from table 2, the contents of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in the tobacco leaves are significantly increased after the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, and the contents of nicotine, total nitrogen and chlorine in the tobacco leaves are significantly reduced compared with the control. The coordination indexes such as sugar-base ratio, nitrogen-base ratio, potassium-chlorine ratio and the like of the fertilizer spraying group are higher than those of the control group, which shows that the product has obvious promotion effect on the chemical quality index of tobacco leaves, and the quality of the tobacco leaves can be improved by spraying the product.
TABLE 2 influence of foliar fertilizers on the chemical quality index of tobacco
In conclusion, the novel nanometer rare element compound foliar fertilizer is formed by compounding nanometer molybdenum, nanometer tantalum, nanometer hafnium, soluble nutrient elements and compound organic substances. The foliar fertilizer can promote the growth of tobacco plants, relieve the diseases of the tobacco plants, remarkably improve the yield and the quality of flue-cured tobacco, and is beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture.
Claims (10)
1. The tobacco foliar fertilizer containing the nanometer rare elements is characterized by comprising the following components in liter: 10-40 g of nano molybdenum, 2-10 g of nano hafnium, 2-10 g of nano tantalum, 100-500 g of soluble nutrient elements, 2-10 g of peaked honey, 5-20 g of humic acid, 2-10 g of sweet wormwood powder and the balance of water;
the soluble nutrient elements comprise potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and copper, and the molar ratio of the soluble nutrient elements to the soluble nutrient elements is 700-4000: 700-4000 parts: 90-250: 25-80: 25-70: 0.5-2: 1-7: 0.5-3: 0.2 to 1.5.
2. The tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nanometer rare elements according to claim 1, wherein the nanometer molybdenum is molybdenum dioxide, and the particle size is 20 to 200 nm; the nano hafnium is hafnium oxide, and the particle size is 100-500 nm; the nano tantalum is tantalum oxide, and the particle size is 200-1000 nm.
3. The tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nano rare elements according to claim 1, wherein the raw material composition of the soluble nutrient elements in the tobacco foliar fertilizer comprises, per liter: 100-450 g of monopotassium phosphate, 15-40 g of calcium nitrate, 3-8 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.2-0.8 g of EDTA-iron, 0.2-0.8 g of manganese chloride, 0.08-0.4 g of zinc sulfate and 0.05-0.2 g of copper sulfate.
4. A tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nano rare elements according to claim 3 wherein the composition of the tobacco foliar fertilizer comprises, per liter: 20-30 g of nano molybdenum, 4-8 g of nano hafnium, 4-8 g of nano tantalum, 200-400 g of monopotassium phosphate, 25-35 g of calcium nitrate, 4-6 g of magnesium sulfate, 0.4-0.6 g of EDTA-iron, 0.4-0.6 g of manganese chloride, 0.1-0.3 g of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.2 g of copper sulfate, 2-5 g of honey, 8-15 g of humic acid and 2-5 g of sweet wormwood herb powder.
5. The tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nano rare elements according to claim 4, wherein the composition of the tobacco foliar fertilizer is, per liter: 25g of nano molybdenum, 5g of nano hafnium, 5g of nano tantalum, 320g of monopotassium phosphate, 34g of calcium nitrate, 4.7g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of EDTA-iron, 0.5g of manganese chloride, 0.2g of zinc sulfate, 0.1g of copper sulfate, 2g of honey, 10g of humic acid, 2g of sweet wormwood powder and the balance of water.
6. Use of a tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nano rare elements in tobacco planting according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the use comprises: the foliage spraying is carried out in the tobacco agglomeration period, the vigorous growth period and the round top period.
7. The application of the foliar fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the tobacco foliar fertilizer and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 50-100 to prepare a solution, 10-20 mL of surfactant is added into every 50L of the solution, and the spraying liquid is prepared by uniformly mixing; the spraying amount is based on that the leaf surface is wet and does not drip.
8. Use of a tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nano rare elements as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for improving tobacco quality and/or yield.
9. Use of the tobacco foliar fertilizer containing nano rare elements as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for enhancing disease resistance of tobacco.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the disease resistance is tobacco mosaic disease resistance.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB419387A (en) * | 1932-06-11 | 1934-11-12 | Paul Christian | Improvements in or relating to fertilizers |
| FR2980472A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-03-29 | Union Francaise D Agriculture Biolog | Composition, useful for fertilizing monocotyledones and dicotyledones, such as e.g. cereals and oilseeds, comprises mixture of primary and secondary nutritive elements, biological activators and core |
| CN106927966A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 | One grows tobacco multi-effect foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| US20170367346A1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2017-12-28 | Bayer Cropscience Lp | Compositions and methods for enhancing plant quality |
| CN108863548A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 扬州大学 | A kind of nanometer of molybdenum base functional slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-02-24 CN CN202210173259.0A patent/CN114478142B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB419387A (en) * | 1932-06-11 | 1934-11-12 | Paul Christian | Improvements in or relating to fertilizers |
| FR2980472A1 (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-03-29 | Union Francaise D Agriculture Biolog | Composition, useful for fertilizing monocotyledones and dicotyledones, such as e.g. cereals and oilseeds, comprises mixture of primary and secondary nutritive elements, biological activators and core |
| US20170367346A1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2017-12-28 | Bayer Cropscience Lp | Compositions and methods for enhancing plant quality |
| CN106927966A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 | One grows tobacco multi-effect foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
| CN108863548A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 扬州大学 | A kind of nanometer of molybdenum base functional slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114478142B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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