CN114478057B - 精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块、制备工艺及其应用 - Google Patents
精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块、制备工艺及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 18
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910021513 gallium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical group [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- XCNJCXWPYFLAGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium manganese Chemical compound [Cr].[Mn].[Mn].[Mn] XCNJCXWPYFLAGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 22
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 7
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B22D41/02—Linings
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- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒25‑36份、镁白云石颗粒20‑24份、刚玉颗粒9‑15份、纳米硅藻土6‑10份、高锰酸钾3‑5份、碳酸氢钠4‑6份、电解锰渣11‑16份、氢氧化镓8‑13份、硝酸镁7‑10份、结合剂9‑14份、分散剂3‑5份、聚丙烯纤维2‑4份、水20‑30份,所述透气块是经过原料混合、制备透气块生坯、养护、烧结等步骤制成的。本发明制备的透气块性能优异,能满足精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的应用要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于透气块制备技术领域,具体涉及精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块、制备工艺及其应用。
背景技术
高锰钢材料是传统的耐磨材料。经过一百多年的发展,形成了锰8、锰13、锰18和锰25等四个系列。高锰钢材料广泛用于冶金、矿山、建材、水泥、铁路、电力、石油化工、军工等行业的机械装备构件中。高锰钢材料的抗磨性能和使用寿命与冶金质量有着十分重要的关系。提高高锰钢材料的抗磨性,延长使用寿命,对持续生产、减少经济损失、增加经济效益,具有重大意义。
系统底吹惰性气体用透气块作为系统外精炼底吹惰性气体工艺中关键的功能元件,它的使用性能对保证系统外精炼工艺的可靠性和安全性起着至关重要的作用,而现有透气块无法满足精炼高纯净高锰钢材料的使用要求,因此需要进一步改善透气块的透气性能等,以满足应用要求。
发明内容
本发明提供一种精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块、制备工艺及其应用,以解决现有透气块的透气性能差,无法满足精炼高纯净高锰钢材料的使用要求的问题。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒25-36份、镁白云石颗粒20-24份、刚玉颗粒9-15份、纳米硅藻土6-10份、高锰酸钾3-5份、碳酸氢钠4-6份、电解锰渣11-16份、氢氧化镓8-13份、硝酸镁7-10份、结合剂9-14份、分散剂3-5份、聚丙烯纤维2-4份、水20-30份。
优选地,所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒30份、镁白云石颗粒23份、刚玉颗粒12份、纳米硅藻土9份、高锰酸钾4份、碳酸氢钠5份、电解锰渣13份、氢氧化镓12份、硝酸镁9份、结合剂12份、分散剂4份、聚丙烯纤维3份、水26份。
优选地,所述的锆莫来石颗粒的粒径为2.03-5.12mm。
优选地,所述的镁白云石颗粒的粒径为1.14-3.57mm。
优选地,所述的刚玉颗粒的粒径为0.86-1.73mm。
优选地,所述的结合剂为铝酸钙水泥。
优选地,所述的分散剂为六偏磷酸钠。
优选地,所述的聚丙烯纤维的纤度为12-17旦尼尔,含水量<5%。
本发明还提供一种精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)将锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒、纳米硅藻土、高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、电解锰渣、氢氧化镓、硝酸镁、结合剂、分散剂、聚丙烯纤维、水添加到预混装置内,在转速为250-400r/min下搅拌16-22min,制得混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的混合料移入模具中,在压力为122-130MPa下压制成型,制得透气块生坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的透气块生坯置于50-56℃下养护3-3.5h;
(5)待步骤(4)养护完成后脱模,制得透气块坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)制得的透气块坯体置于23-32℃下养护18-36h,制得养护后的透气块坯体;
(7)将步骤(6)制得的养护后的透气块坯体进行烧结,制得透气块。
本发明还提供一种透气块在精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料中的应用。
本发明透气块制备技术原理及效果:
(1)锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒为碱性耐火材料,具有结构致密,抗渣性强等优点,在高温度下膨胀缓慢,且小于变形,没有骤然膨胀的特点,抗热震性优异。
(2)纳米硅藻土可使得透气块内部形成分布均匀的微气孔,可阻止透气块使用过程中裂纹的继续扩散,提高透气块韧性,延长使用寿命。
(3)高锰酸钾可在透气块制备过程中分解,在坯体内部产生气体,使坯体富含孔隙,提高透气块的透气性。
(4)碳酸氢钠可在烘烤过程中分解产生二氧化碳,使坯体内部富含孔隙,从而使透气块产品体系内的孔隙增大,进一步提高了透气块的透气性。
(5)在高温烧结件下,氢氧化镓进行分解,坯体在高温下形成微通道网络,结合电解锰渣、硝酸镁等形成合金基质体系,能抵抗高侵蚀性和低粘度钢渣,进而提高透气块的抗折强度保持率和抗压强度。
(6)铝酸钙水泥作为一种粘合剂使用。
(7)六偏磷酸钠作为一种分散剂使用,有利于原料分散,制成高质量透气块。
(8)聚丙烯纤维与锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒混合煅烧,聚丙烯纤维达到一定温度时软化、收缩、熔化,最后形成气孔并碳化,可在透气块内分布形成微小网络气孔,打开气孔通道,减轻内部应力,防止爆裂,提高精炼过程中的安全性。
(9)本发明制备透气块在高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯纤维相互配合下,协同协同提高了透气块的透气性,可形成均匀分布的细气孔,透气量是狭缝式、弥散式透气块的1.8倍以上,氦气通过气孔弥漫在钢水中,能明显提高钢水的净化率,降低钢水中氧和氢的含量,使得制成的高锰钢材料在成分不变的情况下,硬度获得大幅提升,能满足应用于生产中型反击式破碎机衬板、中型(直径1米1.5米)的反击式破碎机板锤等要求。
具体实施方式
为便于更好地理解本发明,通过以下实施例加以说明,这些实施例属于本发明的保护范围,但不限制本发明的保护范围。
在本发明实施例中,所述精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒25-36份、镁白云石颗粒20-24份、刚玉颗粒9-15份、纳米硅藻土6-10份、高锰酸钾3-5份、碳酸氢钠4-6份、电解锰渣11-16份、氢氧化镓8-13份、硝酸镁7-10份、结合剂9-14份、分散剂3-5份、聚丙烯纤维2-4份、水20-30份;
所述的锆莫来石颗粒的粒径为2.03-5.12mm;
所述的镁白云石颗粒的粒径为1.14-3.57mm;
所述的刚玉颗粒的粒径为0.86-1.73mm;
所述的结合剂为铝酸钙水泥;
所述的分散剂为六偏磷酸钠;
所述的聚丙烯纤维的纤度为12-17旦尼尔,含水量<5%;
所述透气块的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)将锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒、纳米硅藻土、高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、电解锰渣、氢氧化镓、硝酸镁、结合剂、分散剂、聚丙烯纤维、水添加到预混装置内,在转速为250-400r/min下搅拌16-22min,制得混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的混合料移入模具中,在压力为122-130MPa下压制成型,制得透气块生坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的透气块生坯置于50-56℃下养护3-3.5h;
(5)待步骤(4)养护完成后脱模,制得透气块坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)制得的透气块坯体置于23-32℃下养护18-36h,制得养护后的透气块坯体;
(7)将步骤(6)制得的养护后的透气块坯体进行烧结,制得透气块。
下面通过更具体实施例加以说明。
实施例1
一种精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒26份、镁白云石颗粒20份、刚玉颗粒9份、纳米硅藻土7份、高锰酸钾3份、碳酸氢钠4份、电解锰渣11份、氢氧化镓9份、硝酸镁7份、结合剂9份、分散剂3份、聚丙烯纤维2份、水22份;
所述的锆莫来石颗粒的粒径为2.05-3.62mm;
所述的镁白云石颗粒的粒径为1.23-2.15mm;
所述的刚玉颗粒的粒径为0.89-1.23mm;
所述的结合剂为铝酸钙水泥;
所述的分散剂为六偏磷酸钠;
所述的聚丙烯纤维的纤度为13旦尼尔,含水量为3.4%;
所述透气块的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)将锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒、纳米硅藻土、高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、电解锰渣、氢氧化镓、硝酸镁、结合剂、分散剂、聚丙烯纤维、水添加到预混装置内,在转速为250r/min下搅拌22min,制得混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的混合料移入模具中,在压力为123MPa下压制成型,制得透气块生坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的透气块生坯置于52℃下养护3.4h;
(5)待步骤(4)养护完成后脱模,制得透气块坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)制得的透气块坯体置于23-32℃下养护34h,制得养护后的透气块坯体;
(7)将步骤(6)制得的养护后的透气块坯体进行烧结,制得透气块。
实施例2
一种精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒30份、镁白云石颗粒23份、刚玉颗粒12份、纳米硅藻土9份、高锰酸钾4份、碳酸氢钠5份、电解锰渣13份、氢氧化镓12份、硝酸镁9份、结合剂12份、分散剂4份、聚丙烯纤维3份、水26份;
所述的锆莫来石颗粒的粒径为2.45-4.53mm;
所述的镁白云石颗粒的粒径为1.76-3.34mm;
所述的刚玉颗粒的粒径为0.98-1.41mm;
所述的结合剂为铝酸钙水泥;
所述的分散剂为六偏磷酸钠;
所述的聚丙烯纤维的纤度为14旦尼尔,含水量为3.9%;
所述透气块的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)将锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒、纳米硅藻土、高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、电解锰渣、氢氧化镓、硝酸镁、结合剂、分散剂、聚丙烯纤维、水添加到预混装置内,在转速为300r/min下搅拌20min,制得混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的混合料移入模具中,在压力为127MPa下压制成型,制得透气块生坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的透气块生坯置于53℃下养护3.2h;
(5)待步骤(4)养护完成后脱模,制得透气块坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)制得的透气块坯体置于25℃下养护29h,制得养护后的透气块坯体;
(7)将步骤(6)制得的养护后的透气块坯体进行烧结,制得透气块。
实施例3
一种精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒35份、镁白云石颗粒23份、刚玉颗粒15份、纳米硅藻土10份、高锰酸钾5份、碳酸氢钠6份、电解锰渣15份、氢氧化镓12份、硝酸镁10份、结合剂13份、分散剂5份、聚丙烯纤维4份、水29份;
所述的锆莫来石颗粒的粒径为2.75-5.06mm;
所述的镁白云石颗粒的粒径为1.19-3.53mm;
所述的刚玉颗粒的粒径为0.94-1.68mm;
所述的结合剂为铝酸钙水泥;
所述的分散剂为六偏磷酸钠;
所述的聚丙烯纤维的纤度为15旦尼尔,含水量为3.8%;
所述透气块的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)将锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒、纳米硅藻土、高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、电解锰渣、氢氧化镓、硝酸镁、结合剂、分散剂、聚丙烯纤维、水添加到预混装置内,在转速为300r/min下搅拌20min,制得混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的混合料移入模具中,在压力为130MPa下压制成型,制得透气块生坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的透气块生坯置于56℃下养护3h;
(5)待步骤(4)养护完成后脱模,制得透气块坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)制得的透气块坯体置于31℃下养护20h,制得养护后的透气块坯体;
(7)将步骤(6)制得的养护后的透气块坯体进行烧结,制得透气块。
实施例4
一种透气块在精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料中的应用,包括以下步骤:
S1、准备材料:按高锰钢材料的化学成分要求,称量好熔炼高锰钢水的各种原材料,包括废钢、生铁、锰铁、硅铁、铬铁、镍铁、钼铁、钒铁、钛铁、铜铁,备用;
S2、加料熔炼:将步骤S1称量好的各种原材料逐步投入精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统中熔炼,当高锰钢材料熔化形成熔池时,即高锰钢水覆过炉底28.9cm时,开始打开流量调节器吹注氦气,氦气经过透气块(该透气块为实施例2的透气块)参与高锰钢水熔炼过程,随着熔炼继续,吹氦气的流量随着高锰钢水的增加而增加,具体控制过程如下:前9-12min,控制氦气流量为15.9-16.4L/min;第13-18min,控制氦气流量为17-17.3L/min;第19-28min,控制氦气流量为17.6-17.9L/min;在第29min开始时,向高锰钢水表面覆盖造渣剂,添加量为0.59kg/吨总原材料;第29-51min,控制氦气流量为16.8-17.1L/min;直至炉料熔清,取样分析炉内成份;
S3、调整化学成分:根据取样分析结果,计算和加入调整材料至全部熔化;
S4、炉内镇静:中频炉内高锰钢水达到要求温度后停电镇静,继续吹氦气,使高锰钢水均温均质,杂质、气体充分上浮,与液面造渣剂结合;
S5、控温出钢:控制出钢温度为1541℃,当温度降至1442℃时,浇注铸型,制得铸型件;
S6、热处理:将步骤S5制得的铸型件以91℃/h的加热速度从常温加热到573℃,保温1.5h;接着将加热速度提升到186℃/h,直到水淬温度为1023℃,保温3.2h;保温结束后迅速将热处理铸件投入水槽中,冷却后制得高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料,采用光谱分析,所述的高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料,按质量百分含量计,包括以下成分:1.47%的C、13.36%的Mn、3.54%的Cr、0.12%的Si、0.03%的P、0.02%的S、0.52%的Ni、0.27%的Mo、0.46%的V、0.18%的Ti、0.35%的Cu、O元素含量为8.1ppm、H元素含量为2.9ppm,余量为Fe。
步骤S2中所述精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统,包括塞杆、提拉杆、连杆、袖砖、固定螺钉、操作杆、炉体、塞头砖、铸口砖、座砖、炉衬、透气块、钢管、气管、氦气瓶、保护触头、触头保护器、导线a、保护装置;所述炉体内设置有与炉体底部连接的塞杆,塞杆周围包裹有袖砖,塞杆顶部通过连杆依次与炉体外侧固定的提拉杆、操作杆连接,所述提拉杆位于操作杆正上方并通过固定螺钉固定在炉体外侧;所述塞杆底部通过塞头砖、铸口砖、座砖与衬砖底部连接,且塞头砖、铸口砖和座砖均设置于衬砖内,塞头砖伸出衬砖上部,铸口砖伸出衬砖底部,座砖包裹在铸口砖的外侧并与所述衬砖连接;所述炉体内还设置有炉衬,炉衬包括衬砖、砂层、保温板,衬砖底部还设置有透气块,透气块进气口依次通过钢管、快速接头、气管与氦气瓶连接;所述炉底保护触头镶嵌于炉体底部的炉衬内,所述触头保护器与炉底保护触头通过导线a相连;所述保护装置由加热感应圈、温度感应器、导线b组成,所述温度感应器与加热感应圈通过导线b相连,所述加热感应圈设置在炉体上部炉衬内部水平方向。
所述钢管为无缝不锈钢管。
所述气管为内径为0.6cm的PU软气管。
所述炉底保护触头采用无磁钢材料制成,炉底保护触头设置有4个。
所述氦气瓶规格为13.1KG、15MPA。
所述加热感应圈上设置有4个感应触点。
所述加热感应圈设置有4个且相邻加热感应圈隔400mm设置。
步骤S2中所述造渣剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:刚玉渣32份、硼砂7份、镁砂8份、云母粉16份、铝酸钙粉11份、萤石粉7份、膨润土13份、石英砂9份、水玻璃18份;
所述云母粉的粒度为900目;
所述铝酸钙粉的粒度为900目;
所述萤石粉的粒度为700目;
所述膨润土的粒度为700目;
所述石英砂的粒度为800目;
所述造渣剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:将刚玉渣、硼砂、镁砂、云母粉、铝酸钙粉、萤石粉、膨润土、石英砂、水玻璃加入搅拌机中,在转速300r/min下搅拌1.6h,制得均匀浆料;
S2:将步骤S1制得的均匀浆料加入模具中,经真空吸滤成型后制成粒径为1.3cm的颗粒;
S3:将步骤S2制得的颗粒送入烘箱中,在91℃下干燥至含水量为0.8%,制得造渣剂。
对比例1
与实施例2的透气块的制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是步骤(1)中制备的原料中缺少高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯纤维。
对比例2
与对比例1的透气块的制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是步骤(1)中制备的原料中增加高锰酸钾。
对比例3
与对比例1的透气块的制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是步骤(1)中制备的原料中增加碳酸氢钠。
对比例4
与对比例1的透气块的制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是步骤(1)中制备的原料中增加六偏磷酸钠。
对比例5
与对比例1的透气块的制备工艺基本相同,唯有不同的是步骤(1)中制备的原料中增加聚丙烯纤维。
将实例1-3所制得的透气块及对比例1-5的透气块进行透气性检测,每个指标重复测3次,求平均值,具体检测方法如下:按照YB/T5200对试件经110℃,24h热处理后显气孔率进行检测,检测结果如下表所示:
由上表可知:(1)由实施例1-3的数据可知,本发明制得的透气块经110℃下热处理24h后的显气孔率达到了17.4%以上,说明了本发明的透气块的透气性好。
(2)由实施例2和对比例1-5的数据可见,高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯纤维在制备透气块中起到了协同作用,协同提高了透气块的透气性,这可能是:高锰酸钾可在透气块制备过程中分解,在坯体内部产生气体,使坯体富含孔隙,提高透气块的透气性;碳酸氢钠可在烘烤过程中分解产生二氧化碳,使坯体内部富含孔隙,从而使透气块产品体系内的孔隙增大,进一步提高了透气块的透气性;六偏磷酸钠作为一种分散剂使用,有利于高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠分散,制成高质量透气块;聚丙烯纤维达到一定温度时软化、收缩、熔化,最后形成气孔并碳化,可在透气块内分布形成微小网络气孔,打开气孔通道,提高了透气块的透气性。综上所述,本发明制备透气块在高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯纤维相互配合下,协同协同提高了透气块的透气性。
对实施例4制备的高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的硬度HB及氧、氢含量进行检测,每个指标重复测3次,求平均值,其中硬度HB采用国标GB-T231.1-2018的相关规定检测;氧、氢含量采用光谱分析检测,检测结果如下表所示:
试验组 | 硬度HB | 氧含量/ppm | 氢含量/ppm |
实施例4 | 235.6 | 8.1 | 2.9 |
由上表可知:本发明制得的高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的硬度达到235.6HB,氧含量为8.1ppm、氢含量为2.9ppm,说明采用本发明的方法制得的高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料氧、氢含量极低,硬度极高,这可能是因为:本发明制得的透气块的透气性好,可形成均匀分布的细气孔,透气量极高,当氦气通过本发明的透气块吹入钢水中,氦气泡细小而充分均匀分散,当氦气穿过钢水时,钢水中溶解的氧、氢会自动扩散,进入氦气泡内随气泡上升而自钢水排除,从而净化钢水,降低氧、氢含量,进而提高高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的硬度。
Claims (10)
1.精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒25-36份、镁白云石颗粒20-24份、刚玉颗粒9-15份、纳米硅藻土6-10份、高锰酸钾3-5份、碳酸氢钠4-6份、电解锰渣11-16份、氢氧化镓8-13份、硝酸镁7-10份、结合剂9-14份、分散剂3-5份、聚丙烯纤维2-4份、水20-30份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:锆莫来石颗粒30份、镁白云石颗粒23份、刚玉颗粒12份、纳米硅藻土9份、高锰酸钾4份、碳酸氢钠5份、电解锰渣13份、氢氧化镓12份、硝酸镁9份、结合剂12份、分散剂4份、聚丙烯纤维3份、水26份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,所述的锆莫来石颗粒的粒径为2.03-5.12mm。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,所述的镁白云石颗粒的粒径为1.14-3.57mm。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,所述的刚玉颗粒的粒径为0.86-1.73mm。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,所述的结合剂为铝酸钙水泥。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,所述的分散剂为六偏磷酸钠。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块,其特征在于,所述的聚丙烯纤维的纤度为12-17旦尼尔,含水量<5%。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料的系统底吹惰性气体用透气块的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将锆莫来石颗粒、镁白云石颗粒、刚玉颗粒、纳米硅藻土、高锰酸钾、碳酸氢钠、电解锰渣、氢氧化镓、硝酸镁、结合剂、分散剂、聚丙烯纤维、水添加到预混装置内,在转速为250-400r/min下搅拌16-22min,制得混合料;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的混合料移入模具中,在压力为122-130MPa下压制成型,制得透气块生坯;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的透气块生坯置于50-56℃下养护3-3.5h;
(5)待步骤(4)养护完成后脱模,制得透气块坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)制得的透气块坯体置于23-32℃下养护18-36h,制得养护后的透气块坯体;
(7)将步骤(6)制得的养护后的透气块坯体进行烧结,制得透气块。
10.根据权利要求9所述的工艺制备的透气块在精炼高纯净高碳高铬锰13高锰钢材料中的应用。
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CN111574208A (zh) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-08-25 | 郑州大学 | 一种高抗热震性刚玉-锆莫来石质透气砖的制备方法 |
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