CN114469929A - 乙酰缬草三酯的医药用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及药学领域,特别是涉及一种乙酰缬草三酯在制备抗癌药物中的应用。所述乙酰缬草三酯可用于治疗结肠癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌或肺癌。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及乙酰缬草三酯的新应用。
背景技术
铁死亡在2012年由Stockwell首次提出,是由于细胞抗氧化能力降低,二价铁离子以类似芬顿反应的方式氧化脂质产生大量活性氧簇并达到一定程度后所引起的细胞氧化性死亡,是区别于细胞凋亡、坏死和自噬的新型调控性细胞死亡方式。铁死亡的发生需有铁的参与,其由铁依赖性的活性氧积聚所引发,在生物化学成分上以脂质过氧化的发生为特征。细胞抗氧化能力降低主要是由于谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)失活导致的。细胞内脂质过氧化水平受到精细调控:一方面,细胞膜上高表达的多不饱和脂肪酸极易受到二价铁诱导的脂质活性氧的攻击或经脂氧合酶作用而被氧化,引发脂质过氧化级联反应,导致大量脂质过氧化物的积聚;另一方面,抗氧化体系的GPX4会将脂质过氧化物还原成相应的脂醇,从而减轻脂质过氧化负担,保护细胞膜免受损伤。只有当此调控系统失衡,致使脂质过氧化物积聚量达致死量时,才会发生铁死亡。因此,通过诱导其他形式的非凋亡性的细胞死亡方式来杀伤肿瘤细胞、抵抗肿瘤耐药有望成为肿瘤治疗的新的有效手段。而铁死亡作为一种新型的细胞死亡形式,逐渐成为治疗肿瘤新药的研发热点,寻找能够诱导肿瘤细胞发生铁死亡的药物迫在眉睫、势在必行。
乙酰缬草三酯是传统中药缬草的活性成分,其来源于败酱科植物缬草(V.officinalis L.) 的根,是一种具有环烯醚萜母核结构的化合物。现代药理学研究表明,乙酰缬草三酯具有降血压、抗炎、保肝、抗胆碱酯酶、抗菌等。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种乙酰缬草三酯的新用途。
具体来说,本发明提供了一种乙酰缬草三酯在制备抑制肿瘤的药物中的应用,所述肿瘤选自结肠癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌或肺癌。
在一优选例中,所述乙酰缬草三酯是作为唯一的活性成分用于制备抑制肿瘤的药物。
在另一优选例中,当所述肿瘤为结肠癌时,所述乙酰缬草三酯可诱导结肠癌细胞发生铁死亡。
本发明还提供了乙酰缬草三酯在制备抑制结肠癌转移的药物中的应用。
在一优选例中,所述乙酰缬草三酯是作为唯一的活性成分用于制备抑制结肠癌转移的药物。
本发明各个方面的细节将在随后的章节中详尽描述。通过下文以及权利要求的描述,本发明的特点、目的和优势将更为明显。
附图说明
图1为乙酰缬草三酯对结肠癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、肺癌细胞的IC50。
图2为乙酰缬草三酯抑制结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞增殖,并对正常肠上皮细胞 NCM460细胞毒性较小。
图3为乙酰缬草三酯抑制结肠癌细胞CT-26和LOVO细胞迁移。
图4为乙酰缬草三酯抑制结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞克隆形成。
图5为乙酰缬草三酯促进结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞死亡。
图6为乙酰缬草三酯通过单一性铁死亡促进结肠癌细胞的死亡。
(A)ACE与铁死亡抑制剂(Fer-1、Lip-1、DFO)处理RKO的细胞活力结果;(B)ACE 与坏死抑制剂NEC-1处理RKO的细胞活力结果;(C)ACE与自噬溶酶体抑制剂CQ处理 RKO的细胞活力结果;(D)ACE与凋亡抑制剂Z-VAD处理RKO的细胞活力结果。
图7为乙酰缬草三酯显著升高结肠癌细胞的Fe2+离子水平和Lipid ROS。
图8为乙酰缬草三酯的体内抗肿瘤作用。
(A)对照组、ACE治疗组肿瘤大小;(B)等比例放大图(A)中对照组和ACE治疗组肿瘤;(C-D)对照组、ACE治疗组肿瘤重量(C)和体积(D)。
具体实施方式
本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(Acevaltrate,ACE)的分子式为:C24H32O10,分子量为:480.505,其结构式如下:
本发明的乙酰缬草三酯可用本领域的常规方法从缬草中提取获得。亦可通过商业途径购买获得。其纯度均符合药用标准。乙酰缬草三酯的纯度以>98%最佳。
以将本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)制成药物为例。本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)可以单独使用或以药物组合物的形式使用。药物组合物包括作为主要活性成分的本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)及可药用载体。通常,本发明的药物组合物应当含有0.1-99.9%重量百分比的本发明的活性天然成分乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)。“可药用载体”不会破坏本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)的药学活性;同时,其有效用量,即能发挥药物载体作用时的用量对人体无毒害作用。
所述可药用载体包括但不限于:软磷脂、硬脂酸铝、氧化铝、离子交换材料、自乳化药物传递系统、吐温或其他表面活化剂、血清蛋白、缓冲物质如磷酸盐、氨基乙酸、山梨酸、水、盐、电解质如硫酸盐精蛋白、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钾、氯化钠、锌盐、硅酸镁、饱和脂肪酸部分甘油酯混合物等。
其他常用的药物辅料如粘合剂(如微晶纤维素)、填充剂(如淀粉、葡萄糖、无水乳糖和乳糖珠粒)、崩解剂(如交联PVP、交联羧甲基淀粉钠、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素)以及吸收促进剂、吸附载体、香味剂、甜味剂、赋形剂、稀释剂、润湿剂等。
本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)以及其药物组合物可按本领域常规方法制备并通过胃肠道途径给药。口服制剂包括胶囊剂、片剂、口服液、颗粒剂、丸剂等。因此,本发明的乙酰缬草三酯(ACE)以及其药物组合物的给药途径应选择口服递药途径。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则所有的百分数、比率、比例、或份数按重量计。
除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明方法中。文中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。
本发明提到的上述特征,或实施例提到的特征可以任意组合。本专利说明书所揭示的所有特征可与任何组合物形式并用,说明书中所揭示的各个特征,可以任何可提供相同、均等或相似目的的替代性特征取代。因此除有特别说明,所揭示的特征仅为均等或相似特征的一般性例子。
实施例一 乙酰缬草三酯体外抗各种癌细胞增殖作用的研究
1.1实验方法
乙酰缬草三酯以DMSO溶解成10mM的母液,临用时以培养基稀释;将处于对数生长期的胃癌细胞(HGC-27)、肝癌细胞(HCCLM3、HEPA1-6)、乳腺癌细胞(MCF7)、肺癌细胞(H1975)、结肠癌(DLD1、LOVO、RKO和HCT-116)和正常肠上皮细胞(NCM460)接种于96孔板中,接种密度约为每孔5×103个细胞,置于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中孵育24h。将乙酰缬草三酯母液用培养基分别稀释至0.5、1、5、10、20μM。吸走96孔板中的培养基每孔加入 100μL含药培养基,并设置对照孔(不加药),继续孵育24h。然后,用Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)检测OD值计算细胞抑制率。按如下公式计算药物对细胞的抑制率:抑制率(%) =[(Ac-As)]/[(Ac-Ab)]×100%,As:实验孔(含有细胞的培养基、CCK-8、待测药物), Ac:对照孔(含有细胞的培养基、CCK-8、没有待测药物),Ab:空白孔(不含细胞和待测药物的培养基、CCK-8)。利用GraphPad Prism计算出各自细胞的IC50。
1.2实验结果
如图1所示,乙酰缬草三酯显著抑制上述各种肿瘤细胞增殖活性,其中以结肠癌细胞较为明显。且对正常肠上皮细胞NCM460细胞毒性较弱,显示乙酰缬草三酯具有低毒、特异的抗肿瘤活性。本发明选取结肠癌细胞(RKO和HCT-116)为例,对乙酰缬草三酯的抗肿瘤活性作进一步说明。
实施例二 乙酰缬草三酯体外抗结肠癌细胞增殖作用的研究
2.1实验方法
乙酰缬草三酯以DMSO溶解成10mM的母液,临用时以培养基稀释;将处于对数生长期的结肠癌细胞(RKO和HCT-116)和正常肠上皮细胞(NCM460)接种于96孔板中,接种密度约为每孔5×103个细胞,置于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中孵育24h。将乙酰缬草三酯母液用培养基分别稀释至1、5、10、20μM。吸走96孔板中的培养基每孔加入100μL含药培养基,并设置对照孔(不加药),继续孵育24h。然后,用Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)检测OD值计算细胞抑制率。按如下公式计算药物对细胞的抑制率:抑制率(%)=[(Ac-As)]/[(Ac-Ab)] ×100%,As:实验孔(含有细胞的培养基、CCK-8、待测药物),Ac:对照孔(含有细胞的培养基、CCK-8、没有待测药物),Ab:空白孔(不含细胞和待测药物的培养基、CCK-8)。
2.2实验结果
如图2所示,乙酰缬草三酯显著抑制结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞增殖活性,并成浓度依赖性。在相同浓度下正常肠上皮细胞NCM460组未见明显作用,显示乙酰缬草三酯具有低毒、特异的抗结肠癌活性。
实施例三 乙酰缬草三酯对结肠癌细胞CT-26和LOVO细胞迁移能力的影响
3.1实验方法
将结肠癌细胞接种于12孔板中,接种密度约为每孔1×106个细胞,置于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中孵育24h。细胞形态展开后,用10μL移液枪枪头划出一条直线。弃去培养基用PBS 洗3次。将乙酰缬草三酯母液(10mM)用培养基分别稀释至1、2、5、10μM,每孔加药1 mL。同时设置对照孔即不加药物。置于37℃培养箱继续培养16h后,用倒置显微镜拍照。按如下公式计算抑制率:抑制率(%)=(终点宽度sample-终点宽度control)/初始划痕宽度×100%。
3.2实验结果
如图3所示,乙酰缬草三酯呈浓度依赖性抑制结肠癌细胞CT-26和LOVO细胞迁移。
实施例四 乙酰缬草三酯对结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞克隆形成能力的影响
4.1实验方法
用12孔进行克隆形成实验。取对数生长期的结肠癌细胞,接种密度约为每孔1×103个细胞,培养24h完全贴壁后,用不同浓度(0.1、0.5、1μM)乙酰缬草三酯处理细胞,在37℃、5% CO2培养箱中孵育2周后,出现肉眼可见克隆时,将细胞用4%多聚甲醛固定20min后,用 0.1%结晶紫染色,用PBS冲洗膜3次后,用Cytation5细胞成像微孔板检测系统拍照,并分析计数。
4.2实验结果
如图4所示,乙酰缬草三酯呈浓度依赖性抑制结肠癌细胞的克隆形成。
实施例五 乙酰缬草三酯对结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞体外促进细胞死亡作用的研究
5.1实验方法
将生长状态良好,密度80%以上的结肠癌细胞进行铺板,接种密度约为每孔4×105个细胞于6孔板,培养24h完全贴壁后,用不同浓度(2、5μM)乙酰缬草三酯处理细胞,24h后收集上清,再用胰酶消化剩余贴壁细胞,离心获得全部细胞并用PBS洗涤2次。每个样品加入 1×结合液100μL重悬,分别加入5μL Annexin V-FITC和5μL碘化丙啶(PI)染色,室温避光孵育15min后进行流式细胞仪检测
5.2实验结果
如图5所示,乙酰缬草三酯呈浓度依赖性促进结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞死亡。
实施例六 乙酰缬草三酯对结肠癌细胞死亡方式的研究
6.1实验方法
将处于对数生长期的结肠癌细胞(RKO和HCT-116)接种于96孔板中,接种密度约为每孔5 ×103个细胞,置于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中孵育24h。分别用三种铁死亡抑制剂(Fer-1、 Lip-1、DFO)、坏死抑制剂NEC-1、自噬溶酶体抑制剂CQ、凋亡抑制剂(Z-VAD-FMK)处理RKO和HCT116细胞,然后再用酰缬草三酯处理细胞,孵育24h后用Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)检测OD值计算细胞抑制率
6.2实验结果
如图6所示,乙酰缬草三酯通过单一性铁死亡促进结肠癌细胞的死亡。
实施例七 乙酰缬草三酯对结肠癌细胞RKO和HCT-116细胞Fe2+离子水平和LipidROS水平的影响
7.1实验方法
将生长状态良好,密度80%以上的结肠癌细胞进行铺板,接种密度约为每孔5×103个细胞于 96孔板,培养24h完全贴壁后,用不同浓度(1、2、5μM)乙酰缬草三酯处理细胞,24h 后吸出上清,每孔分别加入10μM BODIPY 581/591C11 100μL,1μmol/l的FerroOrange工作液100μL染色,室温避光孵育30min后用Cytation5细胞成像微孔板检测系统拍照。
7.2实验结果
如图7所示,乙酰缬草三酯显著升高结肠癌细胞的Fe2+离子水平和Lipid ROS。
实施例八 乙酰缬草三酯的体内抗肿瘤作用
8.1实验方法
将结肠癌细胞RKO接种于6周龄雄性SCID小鼠(1×106cell/只)建立皮下瘤模型。肿瘤体积达到~60mm3后,每天腹腔注射含5mg/kg剂量的乙酰缬草三酯。每2天监测一次小鼠肿瘤长体积。肿瘤体积计算公式为:肿瘤体积(mm3)=0.5×(长)×(宽)2。给药14天后处死小鼠,解剖肿瘤。
8.2实验结果
图8A为乙酰缬草三酯治疗后,小鼠实际肿瘤的照片。与空白组相比,乙酰缬草三酯组能较好抑制肿瘤生长。图8B为乙酰缬草三酯处理组的部分肿瘤组织呈现绿色。图8C是对照组、 ACE治疗组肿瘤重量。图8D是对照组、ACE治疗组肿瘤体积曲线。
本发明所涉及的多个方面已做如上阐述。然而,应理解的是,在不偏离本发明精神之前提下,本领域专业人员可对其进行等同改变和修饰,所述改变和修饰同样落入本申请所附权利要求的覆盖范围。
Claims (5)
1.乙酰缬草三酯在制备抑制肿瘤的药物中的应用,所述肿瘤选自结肠癌、胃癌、肝癌、乳腺癌或肺癌。
2.权利要求1的应用,其特征在于,所述乙酰缬草三酯是作为唯一的活性成分用于制备抑制肿瘤的药物。
3.权利要求1的应用,其特征在于,当所述肿瘤为结肠癌时,所述乙酰缬草三酯可诱导结肠癌细胞发生铁死亡。
4.乙酰缬草三酯在制备抑制结肠癌转移的药物中的应用。
5.权利要求4的应用,其特征在于,所述乙酰缬草三酯是作为唯一的活性成分用于制备抑制结肠癌转移的药物。
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