CN114468152A - Beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef, preparation method of beef cattle feed and beef cattle feeding method - Google Patents

Beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef, preparation method of beef cattle feed and beef cattle feeding method Download PDF

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CN114468152A
CN114468152A CN202210203657.2A CN202210203657A CN114468152A CN 114468152 A CN114468152 A CN 114468152A CN 202210203657 A CN202210203657 A CN 202210203657A CN 114468152 A CN114468152 A CN 114468152A
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parts
selenium
beef
beef cattle
rich
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李婉
傅仲
王岗
韩继福
王伟
赵军
刘桂瑞
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Beijing Jiuzhou Dadi Biological Technology Group Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02Breeding vertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A23K10/38Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/174Vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22Compounds of alkali metals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30Oligoelements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of livestock feed, and particularly discloses beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef, a preparation method and a beef cattle feeding method; the beef cattle feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of bean pulp, 5-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-4 parts of yeast selenium, 0.5-2 parts of selenomethionine, 1.5-5.5 parts of selenium-rich composite material, 2-4 parts of composite additive, 0.5-1.5 parts of baking soda and 5-10 parts of vinasse; the selenium-rich composite material comprises sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermentation powder and mango leaf powder; the selenium content in beef produced by beef cattle in the application is higher.

Description

Beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef, preparation method of beef cattle feed and beef cattle feeding method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of livestock feed, in particular to beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef and a feeding method.
Background
In recent years, the high-grade beef industry in China has developed rapidly, but still lags behind many developed countries in the world. The demand of the people in China on the high-grade beef is not lower than that of other countries in the world. The phenomenon of the shortage of high-grade beef market and the foreign market invasion is more and more serious. Therefore, the improvement of the production efficiency of high-quality beef and the satisfaction of the increasing demand of the consumer market on high-grade beef products are the problems which need to be solved by the livestock breeding industry in China nowadays. And cattle are the best quality beef cattle recognized in the world at present, the marbling of the beef is obvious, also called as snowflake meat, the saturated fatty acid content is very low, the flavor is unique, and the meat value is extremely high. The beef cattle which is hybridized with the F1 generation of the cattle and the Holstein cow not only has the meat quality with the cattle, but also has large physique, strong disease resistance and high feeding value.
In view of the related technologies, the inventor considers that the current feed and feeding method for the hybrid F1 generation beef cattle with Holstein is not complete, so that the beef produced by the beef cattle has low selenium content and general meat quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the content of selenium in beef, the application provides beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef and a feeding method.
In a first aspect, the application provides a beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-4 parts of yeast selenium, 0.5-2 parts of selenomethionine, 1.5-5.5 parts of selenium-rich composite material, 2-4 parts of composite additive, 0.5-1.5 parts of baking soda and 5-10 parts of vinasse; the selenium-rich composite material comprises sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermenting powder and mango leaf powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the selenium-rich composite material is obtained by compounding sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermentation powder and mango leaf powder, and then the selenium-rich composite material, selenium yeast, selenomethionine, a composite additive, corn, bean pulp, baking soda and vinasse are blended to prepare the beef cattle feed. Selenium is used as a component of the active center of glutathione peroxidase and participates in an antioxidant system of an organism; the absorption of the selenium yeast is completed by the amino acid and the small peptide in the intestinal tract, and the selenium yeast is not transported passively, so that the competition between the selenium yeast and the absorption of other trace elements due to transportation is avoided, in addition, the selenium yeast can also improve the meat quality, increase the fat content between muscles and be beneficial to forming marbling; selenomethionine can permeate into proteins as an analog of methionine, forming a reservoir of selenium in muscle; the sweet potato vine, the russula vinosa and the mango leaves have strong selenium-rich capability, also have the functions of enhancing the immunity of organisms, resisting stress and the like, are added into the beef cattle feed, are easy to be absorbed by the beef cattle organisms, and can effectively improve the content of selenium in beef.
Preferably, the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-enriched beef comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34-38 parts of corn, 25-28 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of wheat bran, 2-3 parts of yeast selenium, 1-1.5 parts of selenomethionine, 2-4 parts of selenium-rich composite material, 2.5-3.5 parts of composite additive, 0.8-1.2 parts of baking soda and 6-8 parts of vinasse.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dosage of each raw material of the beef cattle feed is optimized, so that when the dosage of the raw materials of the beef cattle feed is in the range, the selenium content of the beef produced by the prepared beef cattle feed is increased when the beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle.
Preferably, the selenium-rich composite comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 5-10 parts of russula vinosa fermentation powder and 4-8 parts of mango leaf powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sweet potato vine powder, the russula vinosa fermenting powder and the mango leaf powder are compounded according to the using amount to obtain the selenium-rich composite material, and the prepared selenium-rich composite material is added into beef cattle feed to be beneficial to absorption of beef cattle, so that the selenium content in beef cattle and beef is improved, and the obtained beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality.
Preferably, the selenium-rich composite material also comprises 2-4 parts by weight of black peanuts.
By adopting the technical scheme, the black peanut contains nutritional ingredients such as selenium, calcium, potassium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, 8 vitamins and various amino acids, compared with the raw safflower, the content of crude protein is high by 5%, the content of arginine is high by 23.9%, the content of potassium is high by 19%, the content of zinc is high by 48%, and the black peanut is added into the selenium-rich composite material, so that the selenium content in the feed can be increased, and the absorption and utilization of selenium elements by the beef cattle eating feed are ensured.
Preferably, the composite additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: vitamin A2-6 parts, vitamin D1-4 parts, vitamin E3-8 parts and vitamin C2-4 parts.
By adopting the technical scheme, the compound additive formed by combining various vitamins is matched with other raw materials and then is eaten by the beef cattle, so that the physiological function of the beef cattle can be improved, the immunity of the beef cattle is improved, the growth of the beef cattle is promoted, and the quality of beef produced by the beef cattle is ensured.
Preferably, the compound additive also comprises 1-3 parts by weight of albumen powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the protein is an important nutrient which is necessary for maintaining and repairing the body and the growth of cells, not only influences the growth of body tissues such as muscles, but also participates in the generation of hormone and the maintenance of immune function; when the adding amount of the protein powder is 3kg, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle, the daily gain increasing rate of the beef cattle is 13.78%, the selenium content of the obtained beef reaches 0.98mg/kg, and the beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality.
In a second aspect, the application provides a method for preparing a beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermenting powder and mango leaf powder to obtain a selenium-rich mixture;
2) and uniformly mixing the selenium-rich mixture with corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, selenium yeast, selenomethionine, a composite additive, baking soda and vinasse to obtain the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-enriched beef is obtained by mixing the selenium-enriched mixture with the yeast selenium, the selenomethionine, the composite additive, the corn, the bean pulp, the baking soda and the vinasse, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the prepared beef cattle feed is rich in selenium elements and is beneficial to the growth of beef cattle.
In a third aspect, the application provides a beef cattle raising method for producing selenium-rich beef, which adopts the following technical scheme: a method for feeding beef cattle producing selenium-enriched beef, which comprises preparing the beef cattle feeding feed from the beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef of any one of claims 1 to 6; the beef cattle feeding method comprises the steps of feeding beef cattle at an early fattening stage, a middle fattening stage and a later fattening stage; the early stage of fattening is 10-15 days, and the daily feeding amount of beef cattle with the weight of 1-1.5% is adopted every day; the middle fattening period is 20-30 days, and the daily feeding amount of the beef cattle with the weight of 2-2.5% is adopted every day; the late fattening period is 30-45 days, and the daily feeding amount of the beef cattle is 3-3.5% of the weight of the beef cattle every day.
By adopting the technical scheme, values of the daily feeding amount of the beef cattle in the early fattening period, the middle fattening period and the late fattening period in the feeding process of the beef cattle are taken within the range, and the growth of the beef cattle, the selenium content of the beef produced by the final beef cattle and the quality of the beef are not influenced.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermentation powder and mango leaf powder are compounded to obtain a selenium-rich composite material, and then the selenium-rich composite material, yeast selenium, selenomethionine, a composite additive, corn, bean pulp, baking soda and vinasse are blended to prepare the beef cattle feed. Selenium is used as a component of the active center of glutathione peroxidase and participates in an antioxidant system of an organism; the absorption of the selenium yeast is completed by the amino acid and the small peptide in the intestinal tract, and the selenium yeast is not transported passively, so that the competition between the selenium yeast and the absorption of other trace elements due to transportation is avoided, in addition, the selenium yeast can also improve the meat quality, increase the fat content between muscles and be beneficial to forming marbling; selenomethionine can permeate into proteins as an analog of methionine, forming a reservoir of selenium in muscle; the sweet potato vine, the russula vinosa and the mango leaves have strong selenium-rich capability, also have the functions of enhancing the immunity of organisms, resisting stress and the like, are added into the beef cattle feed, are easy to be absorbed by the beef cattle organisms, and can effectively improve the content of selenium in beef.
2. The black peanut contains the nutritional ingredients such as selenium, calcium, potassium, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, 8 vitamins and various amino acids, compared with the raw safflower, the content of crude protein is high by 5 percent, the content of arginine is high by 23.9 percent, the content of potassium is high by 19 percent, the content of zinc is high by 48 percent, the content of selenium in the feed can be increased by adding the black peanut into the selenium-rich composite material, and the absorption and utilization of the selenium element by the feed for beef cattle are ensured.
3. The prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle, the daily gain increasing rate of the beef cattle, the selenium content of the produced beef and the impression of the beef are detected, the final daily gain increasing rate of the beef cattle is 13.78%, the selenium content of the obtained beef reaches 0.98mg/kg, the beef has good glossiness and is fresh and fragrant in meat quality.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Raw materials
Selenium yeast: the manufacturer is Beijing green Tianbao agriculture development limited company;
selenomethionine: the manufacturer is Xian Zhanxun Biotechnology Co., Ltd;
vitamin a, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin C: the manufacturer is Shandong Jiaoyang Biotech limited;
bean pulp: the manufacturer is Shandong Gucheng chemical science and technology Limited;
wheat bran: the manufacturer is Jiuzhou chemical company, Kyoho Shandong;
protein powder: the manufacturer is Cao county blue Kun biological feed factory;
baking soda: the manufacturer is Haixing Xuyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd;
vinasse: the manufacturer is Haixing Xuyang Biotech limited.
Preparation example
Preparation examples 1 to 3
The selenium-rich composite material of preparation examples 1 to 3 has the following raw materials and the amounts thereof shown in table 1, and the preparation steps thereof are as follows:
weighing the raw materials according to the dosage in the table 1, drying sweet potato vine, russula vinosa and mango leaves in the sun, grinding into powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the selenium-rich composite material.
TABLE 1 preparation examples 1-3 of selenium-rich composite materials and their respective material amounts (kg)
Preparation example 1 Preparation example 2 Preparation example 3
Sweet potato vine powder 10 12 15
Russula vinosa fermentation powder 10 8 5
Mango leaf powder 4 6 8
Preparation examples 4 to 6
The composite additive of preparation examples 4-6, the raw materials and the amounts of the raw materials are shown in Table 2, and the preparation steps are as follows:
weighing the raw materials according to the dosage in the table 2, and then uniformly stirring the raw materials to obtain the composite additive.
TABLE 2 preparation examples 4-6 of the composite additives and their amounts (kg)
Preparation example 4 Preparation example 5 Preparation example 6
Vitamin A 2 4 6
Vitamin D 4 2 1
Vitamin E 3 5 8
Vitamin C 4 3 2
Examples
Examples 1 to 4
The beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef of examples 1-4 has the raw materials and the use amounts of the raw materials shown in table 3, and the preparation steps are as follows:
1) uniformly mixing sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermenting powder and mango leaf powder to obtain a selenium-rich mixture;
2) and uniformly mixing the selenium-rich mixture with yeast selenium, selenomethionine, a composite additive, corn, bean pulp, baking soda and vinasse to obtain the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef.
Wherein the selenium-rich mixture is obtained from preparation example 1, and the composite additive is obtained from preparation example 4.
TABLE 3 raw materials and amounts (kg) of raw materials of examples 1-4
Example 1 Example 2 Practice ofExample 3 Example 4
Corn (corn) 40 38 34 30
Bean pulp 20 25 28 30
Wheat bran 15 12 8 5
Selenium yeast 1 2 3 4
Selenomethionine 2 1.5 1 0.5
Selenium-rich composite material 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Composite additive 4 4.5 5.5 6
Baking soda 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.5
Vinasse 5 6 8 10
Example 5
The difference between the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef and the beef cattle feed in the embodiment 3 is that the added selenium-rich compound material is obtained in the preparation embodiment 2, and the rest steps are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
Example 6
The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 3 in that the added selenium-rich compound material is obtained in the preparation embodiment 3, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 3.
Example 7
A beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 5 in that the addition amount of the selenium-rich composite material is 2kg, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 5.
Example 8
A beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 5 in that the addition amount of a selenium-rich composite material is 4kg, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 5.
Example 9
A beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 5 in that the addition amount of the selenium-rich composite material is 5.5kg, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 5.
Example 10
The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 9 in that 2kg of black peanuts are also included in the selenium-rich mixture, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 9.
Example 11
The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 9 in that 4kg of black peanuts are also included in the selenium-rich mixture, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 9.
Example 12
A beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef is different from the feed in example 11 in that the compound additive added is prepared from preparation example 5, and the rest steps are the same as those in example 11.
Example 13
A beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef is different from the feed in example 11 in that the compound additive added is prepared from preparation example 6, and the rest steps are the same as those in example 11.
Example 14
The difference between the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef and the embodiment 12 is that the compound additive also comprises 1kg of albumen powder, and the other steps are the same as the embodiment 12.
Example 15
The difference between the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef and the feed in the embodiment 12 is that the compound additive also comprises 3kg of protein powder, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 12.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 1 in that sweet potato vine powder in the selenium-rich composite material is added in an amount of 0, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 1 in that the amount of the russula vinosa fermentation powder in the selenium-rich composite material is 0, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is different from the feed in the embodiment 1 in that the addition amount of mango leaf powder in the selenium-rich composite material is 0, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the embodiment 1.
Application example
Application examples 1 to 18
Application example 1-18 application of the beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef, the beef cattle are raised according to the following feeding modes:
1) feeding conditions are as follows: beef cattle which are good in health condition after being slaughtered for 2 months are taken as feeding objects and are divided into 18 groups, 10 beef cattle are fed in each group, the temperature in a colony house is 18 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, and the feeding density is 8 square meters per beef cattle. Wherein, the beef cattle feed prepared in the examples 1-15 and the comparative examples 1-3 is adopted in each group of beef cattle feed.
2) Feeding amount: the early stage of fattening is 15 days, and the daily feeding amount of beef cattle with the weight of 1.5 percent is adopted every day; the fattening middle period is 30 days, and the daily feeding amount of 2.5 percent of the weight of the beef cattle is adopted every day; the late fattening period is 45 days, and the daily feeding amount of the beef cattle is 3.5 percent of the weight of the beef cattle every day.
Performance test
Detection method/test method
The body weights of beef cattle raised in application examples 1 to 18 and the final produced beef were measured, and the results are shown in table 4.
Determination of selenium content: the selenium content of the beef produced by each group of beef cattle in the examples 1-18 is measured by adopting a measuring method of GB5009.93-2010 national standard food for food safety for measuring selenium.
Beef sensory: and observing the color and luster of the produced beef, and tasting the taste of the beef under the same cooking condition.
Average daily gain increase rate of beef cattle: and randomly extracting 5 beef cattle per group every day, weighing, averaging, and calculating the average daily weight gain increase rate of the beef cattle.
TABLE 4 test results of application examples 1 to 18
Selenium content (mg/kg) Beef sense organ Increase in daily gain (%)
Application example 1 0.71 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 11.56
Application example 2 0.72 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 11.89
Application example 3 0.75 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 12.12
Application example 4 0.73 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 11.91
Application example 5 0.79 Beef shineHas good luster and fresh and fragrant meat quality 12.78
Application example 6 0.77 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 12.45
Application example 7 0.82 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 12.87
Application example 8 0.84 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 12.99
Application example 9 0.87 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.12
Application example 10 0.90 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.36
Application example 11 0.92 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.53
Application example 12 0.95 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.71
Application example 13 0.93 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.59
Application example 14 0.97 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.75
Application example 15 0.98 The beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality 13.78
Application example 16 0.26 The beef has good glossiness and general meat quality 9.56
Application example 17 0.34 The beef has good glossiness and general meat quality 9.43
Application example 18 0.36 The beef has good glossiness and general meat quality 9.41
As can be seen from the detection data in Table 4, the selenium-rich composite feed is added into the beef cattle feed prepared by the method and is used for feeding beef cattle, and the selenium content of beef obtained by the fed beef cattle is increased.
According to the detection data of application example 3 and application examples 5-6, the selenium-rich composite material of preparation example 2 is excellent in formula, and the beef cattle feed prepared from the selenium-rich composite material of preparation example 2 is used for feeding beef cattle, so that the daily gain increase rate of the beef cattle is high, the selenium content of the obtained beef is increased, the beef has good glossiness and is fresh and fragrant in meat quality.
By combining the detection data of application example 5 and application examples 7-9, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle with the increase of the selenium-rich composite material content, and the selenium content of the beef cattle beef is gradually increased; when the addition amount of the selenium-rich composite material is 5.5kg, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle, the daily gain increase rate of the beef cattle is 13.12%, the selenium content of the obtained beef reaches 0.87mg/kg, the beef has good glossiness and is fresh and fragrant.
By combining the detection data of application example 9 and application examples 10-11, it can be seen that when the addition amount of the black peanuts is 4kg, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle, the daily gain increase rate of the beef cattle is 13.53%, the selenium content of the obtained beef reaches 0.92mg/kg, and the beef has good glossiness and fresh and fragrant meat quality.
By combining the detection data of application example 11 and application examples 12-13, it can be seen that the beef cattle feed prepared by the composite additive of preparation example 5 is used for feeding beef cattle, the daily gain improvement rate of the beef cattle is high, the selenium content of the obtained beef is increased, the beef has good glossiness and is fresh and fragrant in meat quality.
By combining the detection data of application example 12 and application examples 14-15, it can be seen that the protein powder is added into the composite additive, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle, and the selenium content of the beef cattle is gradually increased; when the adding amount of the protein powder is 3kg, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for feeding beef cattle, the daily gain increase rate of the beef cattle is 13.78%, the selenium content of the obtained beef reaches 0.98mg/kg, the beef has good glossiness and is fresh and fragrant in meat quality.
According to the detection data of application examples 1 and 16-18, only two of the sweet potato vine powder, the russula vinosa fermentation powder and the mango leaf powder are added, the prepared beef cattle feed is used for beef cattle breeding, the selenium content of beef of finally bred beef cattle is high, and the sweet potato vine powder, the russula vinosa fermentation powder and the mango leaf powder are different from those of the sweet potato vine powder, the russula vinosa fermentation powder and the mango leaf powder, so that the synergistic effect of the sweet potato vine powder, the russula vinosa fermentation powder and the mango leaf powder on the improvement of the selenium content of beef of the beef cattle is demonstrated.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 5-15 parts of wheat bran, 1-4 parts of yeast selenium, 0.5-2 parts of selenomethionine, 1.5-5.5 parts of selenium-rich composite material, 2-4 parts of composite additive, 0.5-1.5 parts of baking soda and 5-10 parts of vinasse; the selenium-rich composite material comprises sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermenting powder and mango leaf powder.
2. The beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the beef cattle feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34-38 parts of corn, 25-28 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of wheat bran, 2-3 parts of yeast selenium, 1-1.5 parts of selenomethionine, 2-4 parts of selenium-rich composite material, 2.5-3.5 parts of composite additive, 0.8-1.2 parts of baking soda and 6-8 parts of vinasse.
3. The beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the selenium-rich composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of sweet potato vine powder, 5-10 parts of russula vinosa fermentation powder and 4-8 parts of mango leaf powder.
4. The beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the selenium-rich composite material also comprises 2-4 parts by weight of black peanuts.
5. The beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the composite additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of vitamin A, 1-4 parts of vitamin D, 3-8 parts of vitamin E and 2-4 parts of vitamin C.
6. The beef cattle feed for producing selenium-enriched beef according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the compound additive also comprises 1-3 parts by weight of albumen powder.
7. A method for preparing the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-enriched beef as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing sweet potato vine powder, russula vinosa fermenting powder and mango leaf powder to obtain a selenium-rich mixture;
2) and uniformly mixing the selenium-rich mixture with corn, bean pulp, wheat bran, selenium yeast, selenomethionine, a composite additive, baking soda and vinasse to obtain the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-rich beef.
8. A method for raising beef cattle for producing selenium-enriched beef is characterized in that: the feed for the beef cattle is the beef cattle feed for producing the selenium-enriched beef according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the beef cattle feeding method comprises the steps of feeding beef cattle at an early fattening stage, a middle fattening stage and a later fattening stage; the early stage of fattening is 10-15 days, and the daily feeding amount of beef cattle with the weight of 1-1.5% is adopted every day; the middle fattening period is 20-30 days, and the daily feeding amount of beef cattle with the weight of 2-2.5% is adopted every day; the late fattening period is 30-45 days, and the daily feeding amount of the beef cattle is 3-3.5% of the weight of the beef cattle every day.
CN202210203657.2A 2022-03-02 2022-03-02 Beef cattle feed for producing selenium-rich beef, preparation method of beef cattle feed and beef cattle feeding method Pending CN114468152A (en)

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