CN114449192B - Virtual active image acquisition device, data transmission method thereof, storage medium and terminal - Google Patents

Virtual active image acquisition device, data transmission method thereof, storage medium and terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114449192B
CN114449192B CN202011219374.4A CN202011219374A CN114449192B CN 114449192 B CN114449192 B CN 114449192B CN 202011219374 A CN202011219374 A CN 202011219374A CN 114449192 B CN114449192 B CN 114449192B
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data
bandwidth
time
virtual active
valid
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CN114449192A (en
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冯挺
马小妹
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Galaxycore Shanghai Ltd Corp
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Galaxycore Shanghai Ltd Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/70SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
    • H04N25/76Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/40Extracting pixel data from image sensors by controlling scanning circuits, e.g. by modifying the number of pixels sampled or to be sampled

Abstract

A virtual active image acquisition device and a data transmission method, a storage medium and a terminal thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a read bandwidth and a write bandwidth in the row effective time; and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is not matched with the writing bandwidth, inserting invalid data into the transmitted effective data, or continuing data transmission in the row blanking time. The scheme of the invention can ensure that the external device can obtain the required data in time, realize the conversion of passive transmission into virtual active transmission, reduce the internal cache resource and the reading response time of the image acquisition equipment and optimize the pin resource of the image acquisition equipment.

Description

Virtual active image acquisition device, data transmission method thereof, storage medium and terminal
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image acquisition, in particular to virtual active image acquisition equipment, a data transmission method, a storage medium and a terminal thereof.
Background
Conventional image capturing apparatuses can be broadly classified into active image capturing apparatuses and passive image capturing apparatuses. The passive image acquisition device is used for externally controlling data reading of the pixel array, namely, a host triggers data reading and outputting.
Since the reading speed of data depends on the transmission environment of an external host, a buffer first-in first-out queue (First Input First Output, abbreviated as FIFO) is generally provided inside the passive image capturing apparatus. After the data sampling process of the pixel array, a buffer FIFO exists, and the host reads data from the buffer FIFO.
The data transmission mechanism of the existing passive image acquisition equipment is that a host computer reads the internal state of an image sensor or an external trigger pin to realize effective data transmission. Such a data transmission mechanism causes relatively long delay per read of valid data blocks or per frame of data interval, severely affecting the data read efficiency of the host.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of how to enable an external device to timely acquire the data of the passive image acquisition equipment.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method of a virtual active image acquisition device, including: acquiring a read bandwidth and a write bandwidth in the row effective time; and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is not matched with the writing bandwidth, inserting invalid data into the transmitted effective data, or continuing data transmission in the row blanking time.
Optionally, when the read bandwidth in the line valid time does not match the write bandwidth, inserting invalid data into the valid data transmitted, or continuing data transmission in the line blanking time includes: inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data when the reading bandwidth in the row valid time is higher than the writing bandwidth; and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is lower than the writing bandwidth, continuing data transmission in the row blanking time.
Optionally, the inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data includes: detecting the data buffering quantity of a buffering unit; and inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data when the data buffering quantity is lower than a preset buffering quantity.
Optionally, the preset buffer amount is determined according to a line blanking time and a ratio of a read bandwidth to a write bandwidth in a line effective time.
Optionally, the preset buffering amount is zero.
Optionally, the invalid data is distinguished from the valid data by data encoding.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a virtual active image capturing device, including: a pixel array; the sampling unit is used for sampling the data of the pixel array; and the control unit is communicated with the sampling unit, and is used for executing the method to control the insertion of invalid data into the transmitted valid data in a row period or continuously transmitting the data in a row blanking time, wherein the row period comprises a row valid time and a row blanking time.
Optionally, the control unit includes: and the invalid data generating unit is used for generating the invalid data.
Optionally, the virtual active image acquisition device further includes: and the buffer unit is used for buffering the effective data, wherein the effective data is data sampled from the pixel array.
Optionally, the buffer unit includes: and the storage controller is used for recording the data buffering quantity of the buffering unit, and the control unit detects the storage controller to acquire the data buffering quantity.
Optionally, the virtual active image acquisition device further includes: and the control unit is communicated with the processing unit and controls the processing unit to process the data sampled from the pixel array.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the above method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention also provides a terminal, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program capable of running on the processor, and the processor executes the steps of the method when running the computer program.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method of a virtual active image acquisition device, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a read bandwidth and a write bandwidth in the row effective time; and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is not matched with the writing bandwidth, inserting invalid data into the transmitted effective data, or continuing data transmission in the row blanking time.
Compared with the existing passive image acquisition equipment, the data reading speed depends on the transmission environment of an external host, the embodiment can ensure that an external device obtains required data in time, the passive transmission is converted into virtual active transmission, internal cache resources and reading response time of the image acquisition equipment are reduced, and pin resources of the image acquisition equipment are optimized.
Further, when the read bandwidth in the row valid time is higher than the write bandwidth, invalid data is inserted into the transmitted valid data. When the reading bandwidth of the external device is large, the virtual active image acquisition equipment inserts invalid data into the transmitted valid data so that the external device can still read the data in time according to the reading bandwidth of the external device. For an external device, only the data transmitted by the virtual active image acquisition equipment is read according to the reading bandwidth, and the invalid data block and the valid data block are identified internally to obtain the required data, so that the internal state or the external trigger pin of the image acquisition equipment is not required to be read like the prior art. Therefore, even if the cache resource of the virtual active image acquisition equipment is small, the high reading bandwidth of the external device can be met.
Further, when the read bandwidth in the row effective time is lower than the write bandwidth, the data transmission is continued in the row blanking time. When the read bandwidth of the external device is small, the data transfer may not be completed within the line valid time of a single line period, and at this time, the data transfer can be continued with the present embodiment at the line blanking time. Therefore, for an external device, the required data can be obtained by only reading the data transmitted by the virtual active image acquisition equipment according to the self-reading bandwidth, and the data transmission is not required to be interrupted by matching with the line period of the image acquisition equipment. Thus, the data transmission efficiency can be effectively improved, and the delay can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for reading data of a virtual active image capture device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a line cycle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the difference between the read bandwidth and the write bandwidth of the first exemplary application scenario according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of a first exemplary application scenario of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the difference between the read bandwidth and the write bandwidth of a second exemplary application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a virtual active image capturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As described in the background art, the data transmission mechanism of the conventional passive image acquisition device has relatively long delay after each time of reading the valid data block or each frame of data interval, which seriously affects the data reading efficiency of the host.
The inventor of the present application has found through analysis that one of the reasons for the above problems is that the read bandwidth of the external host and the write bandwidth of the passive image capturing device are generally not matched in practical application. Such mismatch results in that the host computer's read control of the passive image acquisition device is not necessarily able to respond in time. In order to match the read bandwidth of the host, the passive image acquisition device also needs to increase the capacity of its own buffer unit as much as possible, resulting in increased cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method of a virtual active image acquisition device, including: acquiring a read bandwidth and a write bandwidth in the row effective time; and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is not matched with the writing bandwidth, inserting invalid data into the transmitted effective data, or continuing data transmission in the row blanking time.
The embodiment can ensure that the external device obtains the required data in time, realizes the conversion of passive transmission into virtual active transmission, reduces the internal cache resource and the reading response time of the image acquisition equipment, and optimizes the pin resource of the image acquisition equipment.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The virtual active image capturing device according to this embodiment may be understood as a special passive image capturing device. The passive image acquisition device may be an image acquisition device in a passive system. In particular, the passive system may include a host as a master (master) and the passive image capture device as a slave (slave). The host and the passive image acquisition device are coupled for communication through a serial peripheral interface (Serial Peripheral Interface, SPI for short).
In this embodiment, based on the existing passive image capturing device, the virtual active image capturing device according to this embodiment may implement virtual active output through a continuous SPI clock. That is, the virtual active image capturing device according to the present embodiment does not depend on the transmission environment of the external host, but adaptively determines the data transmission logic according to the difference between the read bandwidth and the write bandwidth within the line effective time.
Unlike conventional passive image capturing devices, the virtual active image capturing device of the present embodiment does not trigger data transmission according to a storage read command of a host, but transmits data to the host "actively" through a continuous SPI clock. The output data may be transmitted to the host through the SPI. Further, the virtual active image capture device may be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS) image sensor (CMOS Image Sensor, CIS). For example, front-lit (FSI) CMOS image sensors or Back-lit (BSI) CMOS image sensors (also referred to as Back-lit CMOS image sensors) may be used.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a data reading method of a virtual active image capturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the data transmission method of the virtual active image capturing device according to the present embodiment may include the following steps:
step S101, obtaining a read bandwidth and a write bandwidth in a row effective time;
step S102, when the read bandwidth in the effective line time is not matched with the write bandwidth, invalid data is inserted into the transmitted effective data, or the data transmission is continued in the blanking line time.
More specifically, the virtual active image capture device may perform data capture and transmission in a line period, where a line period is a period in which a line of pixels is captured.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the line period includes a line valid time and a line blanking time, where the line valid time is generally used to transmit data acquired by the pixel array of the virtual active image acquisition device, and no data transmission is performed during the line blanking time.
Generally, the average write bandwidth of the virtual active image capture device is less than or equal to the average read bandwidth of the host over the entire row period. However, the instantaneous write bandwidth within the row effective time may be equal to or greater than the instantaneous read bandwidth, or may be less than the instantaneous read bandwidth.
Therefore, in the step S101, the instantaneous read bandwidth and the instantaneous write bandwidth within the line effective time are acquired.
In one implementation, the step S101 may be performed after the virtual active image capturing device is connected and configured with the host. For example, the write bandwidth of the virtual active image capture device may be a known amount, and after passing through the SPI connection with the host, the acquire operation in step S101 may be performed to obtain the read bandwidth of the host.
In one implementation, the step S102 may include the steps of: and inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data when the reading bandwidth in the row valid time is higher than the writing bandwidth.
Specifically, the effective data is data acquired by a pixel array of the virtual active image acquisition device. Further, the invalid data is meaningless data, invalid data.
For example, the invalid data may be distinguished from the valid data by data encoding.
Further, the data block size of the inserted invalid data may be the same as the data block size of the valid data. Alternatively, the two may be different. The data block sizes of different invalid data may be the same or different.
In a typical application scenario, it is assumed that the relationship between the write bandwidth and the read bandwidth within the line active time is as shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that the read bandwidth is higher than the write bandwidth. Wherein, above may be greater than in the meaning of an index value.
Correspondingly, referring to fig. 4, in the present application scenario, the internal valid data blocks written into the buffer unit by the writing bandwidth in the virtual active image capturing device within the row valid time are denoted as a data block 1, a data block 2, a data block 3 and a data block 4.
The virtual active image acquisition equipment outputs data blocks according to external SPI frames, and the data blocks comprise invalid data blocks NA besides the actual valid data blocks 1, 2, 3 and 4. The external SPI frame is output as a frame time sequence for the host to read the buffer memory unit.
In the application scenario shown in fig. 4, one invalid data is inserted between two adjacent valid data.
In a variation, one invalid datum may be inserted between each one or more valid data. Further, the number of valid data between adjacent two invalid data may be the same or different.
In this implementation, the inserting invalid data into the valid data transmitted may include the steps of: detecting the data buffering quantity of a buffering unit; and inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data when the data buffering quantity is lower than a preset buffering quantity.
Specifically, the data buffered by the buffer unit is the valid data.
For example, the preset buffer amount may be zero. Accordingly, when data transmission is performed, invalid data is inserted once the detection finds that the storage amount of the valid data in the cache unit is zero. I.e. the frequency of invalid data insertion is relatively dense. Thus, the cache unit can be set very small.
For another example, the preset buffer amount may be a value greater than zero. Accordingly, when data transmission is performed, invalid data is inserted only when the data buffering amount of the buffering unit is lower than the preset buffering amount. That is, the frequency of invalid data insertion is sparse. Therefore, the data in the cache unit can be accumulated a little more and output together, so that the length of the effective data is as much as possible, and the analysis complexity of the host memory can be reduced. In practical application, a plurality of data can be output together in the early stage, so that the subsequent reading speed is basically equal to the writing speed.
Further, the specific value of the preset buffer amount may be determined according to the line blanking time and the ratio of the read bandwidth to the write bandwidth in the line effective time.
Therefore, when the reading bandwidth of the external device is large, the virtual active image acquisition equipment inserts invalid data into the transmitted valid data so that the external device can still read the data in time according to the reading bandwidth of the external device. For an external device, only the data transmitted by the virtual active image acquisition equipment is read according to the reading bandwidth, and the invalid data block and the valid data block are identified internally to obtain the required data, so that the internal state or the external trigger pin of the image acquisition equipment is not required to be read like the prior art. Therefore, even if the cache resource of the virtual active image acquisition equipment is small, the high reading bandwidth of the external device can be met.
In another implementation, the step S102 may include the steps of: and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is lower than the writing bandwidth, continuing data transmission in the row blanking time.
In a typical application scenario, it is assumed that the relationship between the write bandwidth and the read bandwidth within the line active time is as described in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the read bandwidth is lower than the write bandwidth.
In the application scene, the data writing speed in the virtual active image acquisition equipment is too high, and the host side cannot read the data, so that the data of the cache unit is overflowed soon. Therefore, the virtual active image capture device performing the present embodiment also outputs data out during the line blanking time, regardless of whether the external host is ready.
Thus, when the read bandwidth of the external device is small, the data transfer may not be completed within the line valid time of a single line period, and at this time, the data transfer can be continued with the present embodiment at the line blanking time. Therefore, for an external device, the required data can be obtained by only reading the data transmitted by the virtual active image acquisition equipment according to the self-reading bandwidth, and the data transmission is not required to be interrupted by matching with the line period of the image acquisition equipment. Thus, the data transmission efficiency can be effectively improved, and the delay can be reduced.
By adopting the embodiment, the external device can be ensured to obtain the required data in time, the passive transmission is converted into virtual active transmission, the internal cache resource and the reading response time of the image acquisition equipment are reduced, and the pin resource of the image acquisition equipment is optimized.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a virtual active image capturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the virtual active image capturing device 6 according to the present embodiment may include: a pixel array 61. The pixel array 61 may include a plurality of pixel rows and a plurality of pixel columns (not shown) arranged in an array. The pixel array 61 may include a plurality of pixel regions, and for each pixel region, at least one photodiode included in the pixel region forms a photosensitive region of the pixel region. The photosensitive region in the pixel array 61 is sensitized and generates electric charges, which are read to obtain data of a frame image.
In one implementation, the virtual active image capture device 6 may include: and a sampling unit 62 for performing a sampling operation on the data of the pixel array 61.
Specifically, the sampling operation may include acquiring, line by line, the electrical signal stored by the pixel array 61 until the completion of the data sampling operation of the previous frame image.
Further, the sampling operation may include an exposure operation to obtain an analog signal, and a process of converting the analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion operation.
In one implementation, the virtual active image capture device 6 may include: a control unit 65, the control unit 65 being in communication with the sampling unit 62, the control unit 65 performing the method described in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 above to control the insertion of invalid data in the valid data transmitted in a line period, or to continue data transmission in a line blanking time, wherein the line period comprises a line valid time and a line blanking time.
In one implementation, the control unit 65 may include: an invalid data generating unit (not shown) for generating the invalid data. Specifically, the invalid data may be directly transmitted to the host through the SPI without via the cache unit 64.
For example, the control unit 65 may start executing step S101 every line period to determine the difference between the writing bandwidth and the reading bandwidth.
Alternatively, the control unit 65 may periodically perform step S101 to reduce the device power consumption.
In one implementation, the virtual active image capturing device 6 may further include a buffer unit 64 for buffering the valid data, where the valid data is data sampled from the pixel array 61.
For example, the buffer unit 64 communicates with the sampling unit 62, and the buffered valid data is data after the sampling operation by the sampling unit 62.
Further, the buffer unit (buffer) may be a FIFO.
In one implementation, the buffering unit 64 may include: a memory controller (not shown) for recording the data buffering amount of the buffering unit 64, and the control unit 65 detects the memory controller to acquire the data buffering amount.
For example, the memory controller may be a FIFO controller. Accordingly, when the control module 65 performs the step S102, the FIFO controller is detected to obtain the data buffering amount of the FIFO.
In one implementation, the virtual active image capturing device 6 may further include a processing unit 63, the control unit 65 is in communication with the processing unit 63, and the control unit 65 controls the processing unit 63 to process the data sampled from the pixel array 61.
Specifically, processing the data sampled from the pixel array 61 may include performing digital signal processing operations such as black level calibration, digital noise filtering, data packing, and the like on the data.
Further, the buffer unit 64 communicates with the processing unit 63, and the buffered valid data is the data processed by the processing unit 63.
In one implementation, the data output by the virtual active image capturing device 6 through executing the step S102 may be data of multiple frames of images, so as to implement continuous reading of the multiple frames of images.
Specifically, the image configurations of the adjacent two frame images may be identical, wherein the image configurations may include at least exposure, gain, and size.
In one variation, the image configurations of two adjacent frames of images may be different.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor, performs the technical scheme of the method described in the embodiment shown in fig. 1. Preferably, the storage medium may include a computer-readable storage medium such as a non-volatile (non-volatile) memory or a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory. The storage medium may include ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks, and the like.
Further, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a terminal, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program capable of running on the processor, and the processor executes the technical scheme of the method in the embodiment shown in the figure 1 when running the computer program.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. A data transmission method of a virtual active image acquisition device, comprising:
acquiring a read bandwidth and a write bandwidth in the row effective time;
and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is not matched with the writing bandwidth, inserting invalid data into the transmitted effective data, wherein the effective data is acquired by the pixel array of the virtual active image acquisition device, and the invalid data is meaningless data, or continuously transmitting data to an external host in the row blanking time.
2. The data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein inserting invalid data into the valid data to be transmitted when the read bandwidth and the write bandwidth within the line valid time do not match, or continuing data transmission within the line blanking time comprises:
inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data when the reading bandwidth in the row valid time is higher than the writing bandwidth;
and when the reading bandwidth in the row effective time is lower than the writing bandwidth, continuing data transmission in the row blanking time.
3. The data transmission method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data includes:
detecting the data buffering quantity of a buffering unit;
and inserting invalid data into the transmitted valid data when the data buffering quantity is lower than a preset buffering quantity.
4. A data transmission method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined amount of buffering is determined based on a line blanking time and a ratio of a read bandwidth to a write bandwidth within a line active time.
5. A data transmission method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined amount of buffering is zero.
6. The data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the invalid data is distinguished from the valid data by data encoding.
7. A virtual active image capture device, comprising:
a pixel array;
the sampling unit is used for sampling the data of the pixel array;
a control unit in communication with the sampling unit, the control unit performing the method of any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 to control insertion of invalid data in the valid data transmitted during a line period or to continue data transmission during a line blanking time, wherein the line period comprises a line valid time and a line blanking time.
8. The virtual active image capture device of claim 7, wherein the control unit comprises:
and the invalid data generating unit is used for generating the invalid data.
9. The virtual active image capture device of claim 7, further comprising:
and the buffer unit is used for buffering the effective data, wherein the effective data is data sampled from the pixel array.
10. The virtual active image capture device of claim 9, wherein the caching unit comprises:
and the storage controller is used for recording the data buffering quantity of the buffering unit, and the control unit detects the storage controller to acquire the data buffering quantity.
11. The virtual active image capture device of claim 7, further comprising:
and the control unit is communicated with the processing unit and controls the processing unit to process the data sampled from the pixel array.
12. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 6.
13. A terminal comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program capable of being run on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is run on the processor.
CN202011219374.4A 2020-11-04 2020-11-04 Virtual active image acquisition device, data transmission method thereof, storage medium and terminal Active CN114449192B (en)

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