CN114436718B - Seedling raising substrate and production method thereof - Google Patents
Seedling raising substrate and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114436718B CN114436718B CN202210093732.4A CN202210093732A CN114436718B CN 114436718 B CN114436718 B CN 114436718B CN 202210093732 A CN202210093732 A CN 202210093732A CN 114436718 B CN114436718 B CN 114436718B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling raising substrate and a production method thereof. In particular to a preparation method of a seedling raising substrate. The rice seedlings cultured by the seedling raising base material soil release culture method are dense and good in growth vigor, and the components of the seedling raising base material are easy to degrade and good in biocompatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rice seedling raising, in particular to a seedling raising substrate and a production method thereof.
Background
The rice is a main grain crop, the traditional rice seedling raising is troublesome in soil taking, and when the rice seedling raising is moved to a rice transplanter, soil is easy to loosen, so that the rice transplanter is inconvenient to operate. In the prior art, rice is usually cultivated by placing soil on a chemical fiber base material, and then the chemical fiber base material with rice seedlings is moved to the rice seedling transplanting position, although the chemical fiber base material can be beneficial to rice seedling transplanting, the chemical fiber base material is poor in degradability and difficult to degrade in soil, so that the environment pollution is caused to the soil. In addition, the growth of the rice seedlings cultured by the existing seedling raising substrates needs to be further improved.
Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop an environment-friendly seedling raising substrate that improves seedling raising quality and facilitates rice transplanting, thereby promoting the development of agriculture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seedling raising substrate which is environment-friendly, improves the seedling raising quality and is convenient for rice transplanting.
The invention provides a preparation method of a seedling raising substrate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of Tween 80, 20-25 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 950-1050 parts by weight of water, adding 1.0-2.0 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.03-0.1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.05-0.15 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.01-0.05 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.02-0.08 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.01-0.04 part by weight of manganese sulfate, stirring and mixing, adding 2-8 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, stirring and mixing again to obtain a nutrient solution;
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
separating 1-5 parts by weight of cotton, 2-6 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 2-6 parts by weight of bamboo fiber by a cotton separator, mixing, spraying a nutrient solution during mixing, drying, carding and sizing to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 1.0-1.4 parts by weight of Tween 80, 23-24 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 980-1020 parts by weight of water, adding 1.4-1.6 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 0.9-1.1 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.06-0.08 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.09-0.11 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.02-0.04 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.04-0.06 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.01-0.03 part by weight of manganese sulfate, stirring and mixing, adding 4.5-5.5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, stirring and mixing again to obtain a nutrient solution;
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
the method comprises the steps of separating 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of cotton, 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of soybean fibers and 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of bamboo fibers by a cotton separator, mixing, spraying a nutrient solution during mixing, drying, carding and sizing to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
Preferably, in the step (2), 90-110 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber is sprayed into 2-8 parts by weight of the nutrient solution.
Preferably, in the step (2), 95-105 parts by weight of the mixture of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber is sprayed with 3-7 parts by weight of the nutrient solution.
Preferably, in the step (2), the nutrient solution is sprayed into 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber, and 5 parts by weight of the nutrient solution is sprayed into the mixture.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a seedling raising substrate prepared by the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
In a third aspect the present invention provides a method of raising rice seedlings, said method comprising:
the crop seeds are placed on the seedling raising substrate according to the second aspect of the present invention, and then soil is put thereon and cultured to obtain seedlings.
Preferably, the crop seeds comprise rice.
It is to be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-described features of the present invention and those specifically described below (e.g., in the examples) may be combined with each other to form new or preferred embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a seedling raising substrate prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the growth of rice seedlings in soil-release culture on the seedling raising substrates prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a view showing the growth of rice seedlings cultivated in soil on the seedling raising substrate prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention develops the seedling raising base material, the seedlings of the rice cultured on the seedling raising base material in a soil-release manner are dense and have good growth vigor, and the components of the seedling raising base material are easy to degrade and have good biocompatibility.
Term(s) for
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," and "containing" are used interchangeably and include not only open-ended definitions, but also semi-closed and closed-ended definitions. In other words, the term includes "consisting of (8230); 8230; composition", "consisting essentially of (8230); 8230; composition".
PCL-PEG-PCL has the following structural formula:
polycaprolactone-PEG-polycaprolactone
Wherein, PCL (2000) -PEG (4000) -PCL (2000) means that the molecular weight of Polycaprolactone (PCL) at both ends is 2000, and the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG) of the midblock is 4000.
As used herein, the term "CAS number of carboxymethyl chitosan" refers to: 83512-85-0, 80% carboxylation degree and 9000 molecular weight.
As used herein, the term "tween 80" refers to polysorbate-80.
As used herein, the term "rice" refers to rice seeds, which refer to the seeds from which rice hulls are not removed, and which can be grown in soil to produce rice.
As described herein, spraying 5 parts by weight of the nutrient solution into 100 parts by weight of the mixture of cotton, soybean fiber and bamboo fiber means spraying 5 parts by weight of the nutrient solution into 100 parts by weight of (the mixture of cotton, soybean fiber and bamboo fiber).
Soybean fiber and bamboo fiber
The soybean fiber is also called soybean protein fiber, belongs to the regenerated vegetable protein fiber, and is prepared by taking edible soybean protein powder as a raw material, extracting globulin in the protein powder by using a bioengineering technology, adding functional auxiliary agents, grafting, copolymerizing and blending with polymers such as nitrile group, hydroxyl group and the like to prepare a protein spinning solution with a certain concentration, changing the spatial structure of the protein, and carrying out wet spinning.
Bamboo fibers are cellulose fibers extracted from naturally growing bamboos.
Seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof
The invention provides a seedling raising substrate, rice seedlings cultured in the seedling raising substrate in a soil-release manner are dense and good in growth vigor, and the components of the seedling raising substrate are easy to degrade and good in biocompatibility.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the seedling raising substrate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of Tween 80, 20-25 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 950-1050 parts by weight of water, adding 1.0-2.0 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.03-0.1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.05-0.15 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.01-0.05 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.02-0.08 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.01-0.04 part by weight of manganese sulfate, stirring and mixing, adding 2-8 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, stirring and mixing again to obtain a nutrient solution;
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
separating 1-5 parts by weight of cotton, 2-6 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 2-6 parts by weight of bamboo fiber by a cotton separator, mixing, spraying nutrient solution during mixing, drying, carding and sizing to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
mixing 1.0-1.4 parts by weight of Tween 80, 23-24 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 980-1020 parts by weight of water under stirring, adding 1.4-1.6 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 0.9-1.1 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.06-0.08 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.09-0.11 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.02-0.04 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.04-0.06 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.01-0.03 part by weight of manganese sulfate, mixing under stirring, adding 4.5-5.5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, and mixing under stirring again to obtain a nutrient solution;
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
the method comprises the steps of separating 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of cotton, 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of soybean fibers and 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of bamboo fibers through a cotton separator, mixing, spraying nutrient solution during mixing, drying, carding and sizing to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
Preferably, in the step (2), 90-110 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber is sprayed into 2-8 parts by weight of the nutrient solution.
Preferably, in the step (2), 95-105 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fibers and the bamboo fibers are sprayed with 3-7 parts by weight of the nutrient solution.
Preferably, in the step (2), the nutrient solution is sprayed into 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber, and 5 parts by weight of the nutrient solution is sprayed into the mixture.
Seedling raising method
The invention also provides a method for raising rice seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
the crop seeds are placed on the seedling raising base material, then soil is placed on the seedling raising base material, and the seedling is obtained after cultivation.
Preferably, the crop seeds comprise rice.
The main advantages of the invention include
1. The seedlings cultured by soil put on the seedling raising base material are dense and have good growth vigor, the seedling raising base material with the seedlings is good in firmness and has excellent strength and toughness, and the seedling raising base material is easy to be cut into pieces and is suitable for a seedling transplanter to peel and transplant the seedlings, so that the seedling raising base material is suitable for large-area planting of the seedling transplanter and promotes the development of agriculture.
2. The seedling raising substrate disclosed by the invention is easy to degrade in components and good in biocompatibility, and is an environment-friendly substrate.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1 seedling raising substrate
The preparation method of the seedling raising substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 1.2 parts by weight of Tween 80, 25 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 1000 parts by weight of water, adding 1.5 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 1.0 part by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.07 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.10 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.03 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.05 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.02 part by weight of manganese sulfate, fully stirring and mixing, adding 5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, fully stirring and mixing again to obtain the nutrient solution.
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
3 parts by weight of cotton, 4 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 4 parts by weight of bamboo fiber are mixed after being divided by a cotton dividing machine, nutrient solution is sprayed during mixing (wherein, 5 parts by weight of nutrient solution is sprayed on 100 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber), drying, carding and sizing are carried out, and a seedling raising substrate is obtained and is shown in figure 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of the seedling raising substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
1.5 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 1.0 part by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.07 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.10 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.03 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.05 part by weight of zinc sulfate, 0.02 part by weight of manganese sulfate and 1000 parts by weight of purified water are stirred and mixed to obtain the nutrient solution.
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
3 parts by weight of cotton, 4 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 4 parts by weight of bamboo fiber are mixed after being divided by a cotton dividing machine, nutrient solution is sprayed during mixing (wherein 5 parts by weight of nutrient solution is sprayed into 100 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber), and the mixed material is dried, carded and shaped to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
Example 3
The preparation method of the seedling raising substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 1.5 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 1.0 part by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.07 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.10 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.03 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.05 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.02 part by weight of manganese sulfate with 1000 parts by weight of purified water, adding 5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, and fully stirring and mixing again to obtain the nutrient solution.
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
3 parts by weight of cotton, 4 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 4 parts by weight of bamboo fiber are mixed after being divided by a cotton dividing machine, nutrient solution is sprayed during mixing (wherein 5 parts by weight of nutrient solution is sprayed on 100 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber), and the mixed material is dried, carded and sized to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
Example 4
The preparation method of the seedling raising substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
after 1.2 parts by weight of tween 80, 25 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 1000 parts by weight of purified water were stirred and mixed, 1.5 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 1.0 part by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.07 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.10 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.03 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.05 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.02 part by weight of manganese sulfate were added, and after thorough stirring and mixing, a nutrient solution was obtained.
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
3 parts by weight of cotton, 4 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 4 parts by weight of bamboo fiber are mixed after being divided by a cotton dividing machine, nutrient solution is sprayed during mixing (wherein 5 parts by weight of nutrient solution is sprayed on 100 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber), and the mixed material is dried, carded and sized to obtain the seedling raising substrate.
Seedling raising test
The different seedling raising substrates prepared in examples 1 to 4 were placed in plastic trays having holes, respectively, and rice was placed on each seedling raising substrate in the same manner, followed by a layer of soil, and the seedlings were grown under appropriate conditions.
In addition, in the same manner, rice seeds were placed on a plastic tray having holes, and then a layer of soil was placed thereon, and under appropriate conditions, seedlings were grown to serve as a control group.
The plant height traits of the seedlings of different seedling raising substrates are shown in table 1 according to the same method operation:
TABLE 1 plant height of seedlings for different seedling raising substrates
Wherein, the plant height is determined by randomly selecting 100 plant heights.
The above-ground dry weights of seedlings grown on different seedling raising substrates were measured and the multiples of the above-ground dry weights of seedlings grown on different seedling raising substrates of examples 1 to 4 with respect to the above-ground dry weight of seedlings grown on the control group were calculated, respectively, according to the same method operation, and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 multiple of above-ground dry weight of seedlings grown on different seedling-raising substrates of examples 1 to 4 with respect to that of control group
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the rice seeds cultured on the seedling raising substrates prepared in examples 1 to 4 in a soil-down manner have good growth vigor, which is advantageous for the germination of rice and the growth of rice seedlings, and particularly, the seedling raising substrates prepared in example 1 are stronger in promoting the growth of rice seedlings, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the rice seedlings cultivated by the seedling raising base material prepared in example 1 in a soil-release manner are dense and good in growth vigor, the seedling raising base material on which the rice seedlings grow is good in firmness, and meanwhile, the seedling raising base material has excellent strength and toughness, and is easy to form into blocks and adapt to a rice transplanter for peeling and transplanting the rice seedlings, so that the rice seedlings are suitable for large-area planting by the rice transplanter.
While the invention has been described in terms of a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a seedling raising substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of Tween 80, 20-25 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 950-1050 parts by weight of water, adding 1.0-2.0 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.03-0.1 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.05-0.15 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.01-0.05 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.02-0.08 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.01-0.04 part by weight of manganese sulfate, stirring and mixing, adding 2-8 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, stirring and mixing again to obtain a nutrient solution;
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
separating 1-5 parts by weight of cotton, 2-6 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 2-6 parts by weight of bamboo fiber by a cotton separator, mixing, spraying a nutrient solution during mixing, drying, carding and sizing to obtain a seedling raising substrate;
and 90-110 parts by weight of the mixed material of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber is sprayed into 2-8 parts by weight of the nutrient solution.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
(1) Preparing a nutrient solution:
stirring and mixing 1.0-1.4 parts by weight of Tween 80, 23-24 parts by weight of polycaprolactone (2000) -polyethylene glycol (4000) -polycaprolactone (2000) and 980-1020 parts by weight of water, adding 1.4-1.6 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate, 0.9-1.1 parts by weight of potassium nitrate, 0.06-0.08 part by weight of magnesium sulfate, 0.09-0.11 part by weight of calcium nitrate, 0.02-0.04 part by weight of copper sulfate, 0.04-0.06 part by weight of zinc sulfate and 0.01-0.03 part by weight of manganese sulfate, stirring and mixing, adding 4.5-5.5 parts by weight of carboxymethyl chitosan, stirring and mixing again to obtain a nutrient solution;
(2) Preparing a seedling raising substrate:
separating 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of cotton, 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of soybean fiber and 3.5-4.5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber by a cotton separator, mixing, spraying a nutrient solution during mixing, drying, carding and sizing to obtain a seedling raising substrate;
95-105 parts by weight of the mixture of the cotton, the soybean fiber and the bamboo fiber are sprayed with 3-7 parts by weight of nutrient solution.
3. A seedling raising substrate, characterized in that it is produced by the method according to claim 1.
4. A method of raising rice seedlings, comprising:
placing crop seeds on the seedling raising substrate as claimed in claim 3, then placing soil thereon, and culturing to obtain seedlings.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said crop seed comprises rice.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102531749B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 南京农业大学 | Water-culturing rice seedling raising nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN103109669A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-22 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Rice seedling transplanting method for linen based film rice planting machine |
| CN105557490A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-05-11 | 广西常乐科技股份有限公司 | Soilless organic ecological environmentally-friendly seedling raising matrix for paddy rice, seedling raising method for paddy rice and production method for matrix |
| CN108978293B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-07-07 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Nutrient seedling raising paper and preparation method thereof |
| CN110692489B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method and application of full-nutrition degradable straw seedling raising matrix block |
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