CN114433608A - Household garbage degradation recycling equipment and technology - Google Patents
Household garbage degradation recycling equipment and technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114433608A CN114433608A CN202210112926.4A CN202210112926A CN114433608A CN 114433608 A CN114433608 A CN 114433608A CN 202210112926 A CN202210112926 A CN 202210112926A CN 114433608 A CN114433608 A CN 114433608A
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- ethanol
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 and meanwhile Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A household garbage degradation recycling device and a household garbage degradation recycling process relate to the technical field of biomass resource application. The liquid outlet of the pretreatment reaction tank is connected with the fermentation reaction tank through a liquid conveying pipeline, a slag discharging port of the pretreatment reaction tank is connected with a first solid slag tank, the liquid outlet of the fermentation reaction tank is connected with the separation tower, the slag discharging port of the fermentation reaction tank is connected with a second solid slag tank, the first solid slag tank is connected with the second solid slag tank through a slag conveying device, the second solid slag tank is connected with the collection tank, the liquid outlet of the separation tower is connected with the collection tower, and a waste discharging port of the separation tower is connected with the pretreatment reaction tank. Through the biomass chemical technology, the biomass resources in the household garbage are recycled, degraded and reused to produce ethanol and degradable plastics, and meanwhile, acid and alkaline waste residues and liquid generated in industrial production are introduced into the technology for preparing ethanol from the household garbage to be used as a catalyst and a supplementary raw material, so that the effects of environmental protection treatment and circular economy are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to equipment and a process for degrading, recycling and reusing household garbage, and relates to the technical field of biomass resource application.
Background
The municipal solid waste treatment mainly adopts methods of landfill, composting, incineration and the like, wherein the landfill technology occupies large area; the composting technology has the defects of volume reduction, decrement and low harmless degree; the waste incineration technology is adopted, the reduction degree is high, but the investment is huge.
The traditional garbage disposal modes have respective advantages and disadvantages, but at the same time, because the garbage is not well classified, a garbage operation mode of mixed collection is often used, so that secondary pollution is often caused to water and soil resources during garbage disposal, the disposal cost of the garbage is high, most of the current urban domestic garbage disposal modes directly enter a final burning and landfill link without refined classification and decrement treatment, serious pollution is easily caused to the ecological environment, and serious resource waste is also caused. In order to improve the recycling effect of the household garbage and reduce the pollution caused in the garbage treatment process, a method for extracting and utilizing biomass resources in the household garbage is adopted in the prior art, ethanol, xylose and lignin can be produced, but the biomass resources capable of being treated by the method are single, the treatment difficulty is continuously increased when the urban household garbage is faced with increasingly complex urban household garbage, the treatment efficiency is continuously reduced, and the value generated by the method is not in direct proportion to the investment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide equipment and process for degrading, recycling and reusing household garbage, aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, and the equipment and process can be used for designing a waste-free recycling technology process according to the environmental characteristics of different garbage landfills in a quantitative manner, so that the recycling rate of the household garbage can be greatly improved, and products with higher added values can be produced, and the effect of changing waste into valuables is really realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a domestic garbage degradation recycling device comprises a pretreatment reaction tank 3, a fermentation reaction tank 4, a first solid residue tank 5, a second solid residue tank 6, a separation tower 7, a collection tower 8 and a collection tank 9, wherein a liquid outlet of the pretreatment reaction tank 3 is connected with the fermentation reaction tank 4 through a liquid conveying pipeline 11, a residue discharging port of the pretreatment reaction tank 3 is connected with the first solid residue tank 5, a liquid outlet of the fermentation reaction tank 4 is connected with the separation tower 7, a residue discharging port of the fermentation reaction tank 4 is connected with the second solid residue tank 6, the first solid residue tank 5 is connected with the second solid residue tank 6 through a residue conveying device 12, the second solid residue tank 6 is connected with the collection tank 9, a liquid outlet of the separation tower 7 is connected with the collection tower 8, and a waste discharging port of the separation tower 7 is connected with the pretreatment reaction tank 3.
The pretreatment reaction tank 3 comprises ultrasonic treatment equipment, a weak base or weak acid catalyst and microbial degradation equipment.
The fermentation reaction tank 4 is an enzyme hydrolysis fermentation reaction tank.
The first solid slag pool 5 is a plastic slag pool.
The second solid slag pool 6 is a byproduct slag settling pool.
The collecting tower 8 is an ethanol collecting tower.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: domestic waste carries out simple categorised recovery in categorised recovery plant 1 to transport to raw materials storage yard 2, regard categorised domestic waste and the alkaline waste residue waste liquid that contains cellulose as the raw materials, transport to preliminary treatment reaction tank 3 through raw materials conveying equipment 10 in the raw materials storage yard 2, adopt corresponding preliminary treatment scheme to different types of rubbish: the method comprises the following steps of (1) degrading by ultrasonic waves, a weak base or weak acid catalyst and microorganisms, wherein near-critical water is adopted for composite pretreatment in the pretreatment process, so that the wood fiber raw materials in the household garbage are decomposed into liquefied or liquid biomass cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, residues can be generated in the pretreatment process, the main components of the solid residues are plastics and a small amount of inorganic substances such as enriched salts and dust, the residues are conveyed to a first solid residue pool 5, the plastic residues are left for purification to generate plastic products, and the inorganic substance residues such as enriched salts and dust are conveyed to a second solid residue pool 6; conveying liquefied or liquid biomass cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin to a fermentation reaction tank 4, carrying out enzyme hydrolysis in the fermentation reaction tank 4, mainly aiming at hydrolyzing the cellulose into monosaccharide, synchronously saccharifying the fermentation sugar into alcohol, fermenting the alcohol to generate ethanol, adding lactobacillus and/or saccharomycetes in different batches at the middle, middle and later stages of the fermentation process so as to adjust the production ratio of the ethanol and the lactic acid and achieve the optimal recycling effect of simultaneously producing the ethanol and the lactic acid, finally generating ethanol mixed liquor and polylactic acid in the fermentation reaction tank 4, namely ethanol mixed liquor and degradable bioplastic, conveying the ethanol mixed liquor to a separation tower 7 for rectification to obtain ethanol and waste liquor, collecting the ethanol to a collection tower 8, recovering the waste liquor to a pretreatment reaction tank 3, separating the polylactic acid and the ethanol mixed liquor generated in the fermentation reaction tank 4 and then conveying the separated ethanol mixed liquor to a second solid residue tank 6, adding low-cost intermediate raw materials, generating high value-added biofuel and chemicals through liquid phase catalysis, and uniformly recovering the biofuel and the chemicals to a collecting tank 9.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the structural framework of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals: the system comprises a class recovery device 1, a raw material storage yard 2, a pretreatment reaction tank 3, a fermentation reaction tank 4, a first solid residue tank 5, a second solid residue tank 6, a separation tower 7, a collection tower 8, a collection tank 9, a raw material conveying device 10, a liquid conveying pipeline 11 and a residue conveying device 12.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is: a domestic garbage degradation recycling device comprises a pretreatment reaction tank 3, a fermentation reaction tank 4, a first solid residue tank 5, a second solid residue tank 6, a separation tower 7, a collection tower 8 and a collection tank 9, wherein a liquid outlet of the pretreatment reaction tank 3 is connected with the fermentation reaction tank 4 through a liquid conveying pipeline 11, a residue discharging port of the pretreatment reaction tank 3 is connected with the first solid residue tank 5, a liquid outlet of the fermentation reaction tank 4 is connected with the separation tower 7, a residue discharging port of the fermentation reaction tank 4 is connected with the second solid residue tank 6, the first solid residue tank 5 is connected with the second solid residue tank 6 through a residue conveying device 12, the second solid residue tank 6 is connected with the collection tank 9, a liquid outlet of the separation tower 7 is connected with the collection tower 8, and a waste discharging port of the separation tower 7 is connected with the pretreatment reaction tank 3.
Further, the pretreatment reaction tank 3 comprises an ultrasonic treatment device, a weak base or weak acid catalyst and a microbial degradation device.
Further, the fermentation reaction tank 4 is an enzyme hydrolysis fermentation reaction tank.
Further, the first solid slag pool 5 is a plastic slag material pool, and the second solid slag pool 6 is a byproduct slag settling pool.
Further, the collecting tower 8 is an ethanol collecting tower.
A household garbage degradation recycling process comprises the following steps:
step one, simply classifying and recycling the household garbage in a classification recycling device 1, and conveying the household garbage to a raw material storage yard 2;
step two, classified household garbage and alkaline waste residue and waste liquid containing cellulose are taken as raw materials and are conveyed to a pretreatment reaction tank 3 from a raw material storage yard 2 through a raw material conveying device 10, and corresponding pretreatment schemes are adopted for different types of garbage: ultrasonic wave, weak base or weak acid catalyst, microbial degradation, and near-critical water composite pretreatment is adopted in the pretreatment process, so that the wood fiber raw material in the household garbage is decomposed into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin;
conveying liquid cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin to a fermentation reaction tank 4 through a liquid conveying pipeline 11, wherein the main components of the residual solid residues are plastics and inorganic substance sediments such as some enriched salts and dust, the plastic sediments are conveyed to a first solid residue tank 5, and the inorganic substance sediments such as the enriched salts and dust are conveyed to a second solid residue tank 6 through residue conveying equipment 12, wherein the enriched salts and the inorganic substance sediments such as the dust are used as raw materials for producing building materials;
performing enzyme hydrolysis in the fermentation reaction tank 4, and synchronously saccharifying and fermenting the sugar into alcohol;
step five, adding lactic acid bacteria and/or yeast in different batches at the early, middle and later stages of the fermentation process according to the requirement of the by-product, so as to adjust the production ratio of the ethanol and the lactic acid, and achieve the optimal recycling effect of simultaneously producing the ethanol and the lactic acid;
step six, finally generating ethanol mixed liquor and polylactic acid in the fermentation reaction tank 4, namely the ethanol mixed liquor and the degradable bioplastic, conveying the ethanol mixed liquor to a separation tower 7 for rectification to obtain ethanol and waste liquor, collecting the ethanol to a collection tower 8, and recovering the waste liquor to the pretreatment reaction tank 3;
step seven, separating the mixed solution of the polylactic acid and the ethanol generated in the fermentation reaction tank 4, conveying the mixed solution to a second solid residue tank 6, adding a low-cost intermediate raw material, generating biological fuel and chemicals with high added values through liquid phase catalysis, and uniformly recovering the biological fuel and the chemicals to a collection tank 9;
and step eight, simply purifying the plastic raw materials in the first solid slag pool 5 to generate the plastic products.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through the biomass chemical technology, the biomass resources in the household garbage are recycled, degraded and reused to produce ethanol and degradable plastics, and meanwhile, acid and alkaline waste residues and liquid generated in industrial production are introduced into the technology for preparing ethanol from the household garbage to be used as a catalyst and a supplementary raw material, so that the effects of environmental protection treatment and circular economy are realized.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a domestic waste degradation recycling equipment which characterized in that: it comprises a pretreatment reaction tank (3), a fermentation reaction tank (4), a first solid residue tank (5), a second solid residue tank (6), a separation tower (7), a collection tower (8) and a collection tank (9), a liquid outlet of the pretreatment reaction tank (3) is connected with the fermentation reaction tank (4) through a liquid conveying pipeline (11), a slag discharging port of the pretreatment reaction tank (3) is connected with a first solid slag tank (5), a liquid outlet of the fermentation reaction tank (4) is connected with a separation tower (7), a slag discharging port of the fermentation reaction tank (4) is connected with a second solid slag tank (6), the first solid slag tank (5) is connected with the second solid slag tank (6) through a slag conveying device (12), the second solid slag tank (6) is connected with a collection tank (9), a liquid outlet of the separation tower (7) is connected with a collection tower (8), and a waste discharging port of the separation tower (7) is connected with the pretreatment reaction tank (3).
2. The domestic waste degradation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment reaction tank (3) comprises ultrasonic treatment equipment, a weak base or weak acid catalyst and microbial degradation equipment.
3. The domestic waste degradation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the fermentation reaction tank (4) is an enzyme hydrolysis fermentation reaction tank.
4. The domestic waste degradation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the first solid slag pool (5) is a plastic slag pool.
5. The domestic waste degradation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the second solid slag pool (6) is a byproduct slag settling pool.
6. The domestic waste degradation recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the collecting tower (8) is an ethanol collecting tower.
7. A household garbage degradation recycling process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: step one, simply classifying and recycling the household garbage in a classifying and recycling device (1) and conveying the household garbage to a raw material storage yard (2);
step two, classified household garbage and alkaline waste residue and waste liquid containing cellulose are taken as raw materials and are conveyed to a pretreatment reaction tank (3) from a raw material storage yard (2) through a raw material conveying device (10), and corresponding pretreatment schemes are adopted for different types of garbage: ultrasonic wave, weak base or weak acid catalyst, microbial degradation, and near-critical water composite pretreatment is adopted in the pretreatment process, so that the wood fiber raw material in the household garbage is decomposed into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin;
conveying liquid cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin to a fermentation reaction tank (4) through a liquid conveying pipeline (11), wherein the main components of the residual solid residues are plastics and inorganic sediments such as some enriched salts and dust, the plastic sediments are conveyed to a first solid residue tank (5), the inorganic sediments such as the enriched salts and the dust are conveyed to a second solid residue tank (6) through residue conveying equipment (12), and the enriched inorganic matters such as the salts and the dust are used as raw materials for producing building materials;
performing enzyme hydrolysis in the fermentation reaction tank (4), and synchronously saccharifying and fermenting the sugar into alcohol;
step five, adding lactic acid bacteria and/or yeast in different batches at the early, middle and later stages of the fermentation process according to the requirement of the by-product, so as to adjust the production ratio of the ethanol and the lactic acid, and achieve the optimal recycling effect of simultaneously producing the ethanol and the lactic acid;
step six, finally generating ethanol mixed liquor and polylactic acid in the fermentation reaction tank (4), namely the ethanol mixed liquor and the degradable bioplastic, conveying the ethanol mixed liquor to a separation tower (7) for rectification to obtain ethanol and waste liquor, collecting the ethanol to a collection tower (8), and recovering the waste liquor to the pretreatment reaction tank (3);
step seven, separating the mixed solution of polylactic acid and ethanol generated in the fermentation reaction tank (4), conveying the separated mixed solution to a second solid residue tank (6), adding low-cost intermediate raw materials, generating high-added-value biofuel and chemicals through liquid-phase catalysis, and uniformly recovering the biofuel and chemicals to a collection tank (9);
and step eight, simply purifying the plastic raw materials in the first solid slag pool (5) to generate the plastic products.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210112926.4A CN114433608A (en) | 2022-01-29 | 2022-01-29 | Household garbage degradation recycling equipment and technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210112926.4A CN114433608A (en) | 2022-01-29 | 2022-01-29 | Household garbage degradation recycling equipment and technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114433608A true CN114433608A (en) | 2022-05-06 |
Family
ID=81372426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210112926.4A Pending CN114433608A (en) | 2022-01-29 | 2022-01-29 | Household garbage degradation recycling equipment and technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114433608A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-01-29 CN CN202210112926.4A patent/CN114433608A/en active Pending
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