CN114430119A - Multi-beam phased array antenna and communication device - Google Patents

Multi-beam phased array antenna and communication device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114430119A
CN114430119A CN202111657422.2A CN202111657422A CN114430119A CN 114430119 A CN114430119 A CN 114430119A CN 202111657422 A CN202111657422 A CN 202111657422A CN 114430119 A CN114430119 A CN 114430119A
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China
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module
antenna
ports
digital
output
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CN202111657422.2A
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Inventor
梅立荣
刘玉涛
罗亚赛
周玉琪
刘又玮
康瑞洋
杨竟松
李阳
赵柯
李弋鹏
闫晓燊
王洪坤
褚素杰
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CETC 54 Research Institute
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CETC 54 Research Institute
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Priority to CN202111657422.2A priority Critical patent/CN114430119A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-beam phased array antenna and a communication apparatus, the multi-beam phased array antenna including: the antenna comprises N antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module; each antenna array comprises: m antenna units and M SMP radio frequency ports; the radio frequency switch module includes: m input channels, M selector switches and K output channels; the transfer switches correspond to the input channels one by one; each selector switch corresponds to N output channels; wherein K ═ M × N; n is more than 1 and less than M; m is an even number; when the signal is transmitted or received, M output channels gated by the M transfer switches correspond to the same antenna array surface; the coupling power division module comprises: m ANT ports and M TR ports; the digital-analog hybrid TR module includes: an even number of input ports and M output ports; the M output ports correspond to the M TR ports of the coupling power division module one by one. The invention can reduce the volume of the antenna and improve the gain of the antenna.

Description

Multi-beam phased array antenna and communication device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a multi-beam phased array antenna and communication equipment.
Background
The ad hoc network communication generally adopts an omnidirectional antenna to complete the transmission and the reception of electromagnetic waves, and the omnidirectional antenna has the advantages that signals can be received in each direction, but has the defects of low antenna gain, large volume, interference resistance, poor interception resistance and the like. Under the situation that the use scene of the antenna tends to be more and more miniaturized and refined, the antenna with a large size is not only unfavorable for installation and use, but also influences the volume of the communication equipment where the antenna is located.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-beam phased array antenna and communication equipment, and aims to solve the problem of increasing the gain value of the antenna under the condition of limited volume and cost.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-beam phased array antenna, including: the antenna comprises N antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module; the digital-analog mixed TR module, the coupling power division module, the radio frequency switch module and the antenna array surface are sequentially connected;
each antenna array comprises: m antenna units and M SMP radio frequency ports; the antenna units correspond to the SMP radio frequency ports one to one;
the radio frequency switch module includes: m input channels, M selector switches and K output channels; the change-over switches correspond to the input channels one by one; each selector switch corresponds to N output channels; wherein K ═ M × N; n is more than 1 and less than M; m is an even number; the N output channels correspond to the N antenna array surfaces one by one; when the signal is transmitted or received, each selector switch gates one output channel from the corresponding N output channels to carry out signal output or signal input, and M output channels gated by the M selector switches correspond to the same antenna array surface;
the coupling power division module is used for calibrating a transmitting signal or a receiving signal, and comprises: m ANT ports and M TR ports; the M ANT ports correspond to the M input channels one by one;
the digital-analog hybrid TR module includes: an even number of input ports and M output ports; the M output ports correspond to the M TR ports of the coupled power division module one by one.
In one possible implementation, the number N of antenna arrays is 3; the antenna array surface is of a tile type structure; the antenna array surface is arranged with an included angle of 60 degrees between the surfaces.
In one possible implementation manner, the coupled power dividing module includes: m couplers and a one-to-M power divider;
the coupler includes: an ANT port connected with the input channel and a port connected with the one-M power divider; the M couplers are in one-to-one correspondence with the M input channels;
the divide-by-M power divider comprises: one port connected to the M couplers and M TR ports connected to the output ports of the digital-to-analog hybrid TR module.
In one possible implementation, the digital-analog hybrid TR module includes: p TR module components;
each TR module includes: the device comprises a first intermediate frequency band-pass filter, a second intermediate frequency band-pass filter, a first frequency converter, a second frequency converter, a radio frequency band-pass filter, a Q-dividing power divider and Q transceiver subassemblies; wherein M ═ P × Q; one end of the first intermediate frequency band-pass filter and one end of the second intermediate frequency band-pass filter are used as input ports of the digital-analog hybrid TR module; the other end of the first intermediate-frequency band-pass filter is connected with one end of the first frequency converter; the other end of the second intermediate frequency band-pass filter is connected with one end of the second frequency converter; one end of the radio frequency band-pass filter is connected with the other end of the first frequency converter and the other end of the second frequency converter respectively; the input end of the one-Q power divider is connected with the other end of the radio frequency band-pass filter, and Q output ends are respectively connected with the Q receiving and transmitting subassemblies;
each transceiving subassembly comprises: the digital control attenuator, the digital control phase shifter, the first receiving and dispatching change-over switch, the power amplifier, the low noise amplifier, the amplitude limiter and the second receiving and dispatching change-over switch; one end of the numerical control attenuator is connected with the output end of the one-Q power divider; the numerical control attenuator, the numerical control phase shifter, the first transceiving switch, the power amplifier and the second transceiving switch are sequentially connected to form a transmitting branch; the second transceiving switch, the amplitude limiter, the low noise amplifier, the first transceiving switch, the numerical control phase shifter and the numerical control attenuator form a receiving branch; one end of the second transceiving switch is used as an output port of the digital-analog hybrid TR module.
In a possible implementation manner, the first frequency converter further includes a first local oscillation interface; the second frequency converter further comprises a second local oscillator interface.
In one possible implementation manner, each of the TR module components further includes: and the power supply and control interface is used for being connected with an external power supply and a control module.
In one possible implementation, the multi-beam phased array antenna further includes: the M filters are arranged between the M output ports of the digital-analog mixed TR module and the M TR ports of the coupling power division module; the filters, the output ports and the TR ports are in one-to-one correspondence.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, including: the multi-beam phased array antenna and intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module of any one of claims 1 to 7;
the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module comprises: p first AD chips integrating ADDA functions, a first FPGA unit and a second FPGA unit;
the first FPGA unit is used for signal acquisition and processing and is connected with an input port of the digital-analog mixed TR module;
the second FPGA unit is used for forming a digital beam and is connected with the first FPGA unit;
the first FPGA unit and the second FPGA unit are connected through a high-speed line to transmit data. The first FPGA unit adopts a chip of an FPGA K7 model; the second FPGA unit adopts a chip of an FPGA V7 model.
In a possible implementation manner, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module further includes: the second AD chip is used for system calibration; and the calibration signal interface is connected with the coupling power division module. And the second AD chip adopts an AD9361 chip. The calibration signal interface is connected with a combining port of an N-branch power divider of the coupling power dividing module.
In a possible implementation manner, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module further includes: and the clock distribution and synchronization module is used for synchronous control among the multi-channel signal processing.
In a possible implementation manner, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module receives an externally provided 10MHz clock, which is used as a reference clock for system operation, so as to ensure that the system operates in a homologous manner.
The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-beam phased array antenna and communication equipment, wherein the multi-beam phased array antenna comprises: the antenna comprises N antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module. The digital-analog mixed TR module, the coupling power division module, the radio frequency switch module and the antenna array surface are sequentially connected. The antenna comprises a plurality of antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module, wherein the plurality of antenna array surfaces complete the omnidirectional communication of the antenna, and the plurality of antenna array surfaces share the radio frequency switch module, the coupling power division module and the digital-analog mixed TR module, so that the integration of the antenna is improved, and the reduction of the volume and the cost of the antenna and communication equipment is facilitated. Each antenna array comprises: m antenna elements and M SMP radio frequency ports. The antenna units correspond to the SMP radio frequency ports one to one. The radio frequency switch module includes: m input channels, M change-over switches and K output channels. The change-over switches correspond to the input channels one by one, each change-over switch corresponds to N output channels, wherein K is M N; n is more than 1 and less than M; m is an even number. The N output channels correspond to the N antenna array surfaces one by one. When the signal is transmitted or received, each selector switch gates one output channel from the corresponding N output channels to output or input the signal, and the M output channels gated by the M selector switches correspond to the same antenna array surface. In the communication process, the antenna selects one antenna from the N antenna array surfaces for communication, and compared with an omnidirectional antenna, the antenna gain is improved. The coupling power division module is used for calibrating a transmitting signal or a receiving signal and comprises the following steps: m ANT ports and M TR ports; m ANT ports correspond to M input channels one by one; the digital-analog hybrid TR module includes: an even number of input ports and M output ports; the M output ports correspond to the M TR ports of the coupling power division module one by one. The multi-beam phased array antenna provided by the invention has the characteristics of small volume and high gain, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of communication equipment when being used for mobile communication equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency switch module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of an antenna array structure of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of an antenna array structure of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling power dividing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a TR module assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In order to improve the performance of the ad hoc network communication system and improve the network establishment time, the communication distance and the communication capacity of the ad hoc network system, a communication antenna with high gain, interference resistance and strong interception resistance needs to be selected. The present invention aims to provide a low-cost, compact communication antenna.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description is made by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam phased array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a multi-beam phased array antenna includes: n antenna arrays 101, a radio frequency switch module 102, a coupled power division module 103 and a digital-analog mixed TR module 104.
The digital-analog hybrid TR module 104, the coupling power division module 103, the radio frequency switch module 102, and the antenna array 101 are sequentially connected.
Each antenna front 101 comprises: m antenna elements (6 distributed in a single row, which may include multiple rows, are shown by way of example) and M SMP rf ports. The antenna units correspond to the SMP radio frequency ports one to one.
Optionally, the number N of the antenna array planes 101 is 2 to 6. Optionally, the number N of antenna fronts 101 is 3, 4 or 5. The number of the antenna array planes 101 is not excessive, so that the increase of the volume and the manufacturing cost of the antenna is avoided. The number of antenna elements of each antenna array 101 is set according to specific communication requirements.
The rf switch module 102 includes: m input channels, M change-over switches and K output channels. The switches correspond to the input channels one to one. Each switch corresponds to N output channels (each switch corresponds to 4 channels, wherein 1 channel is used for turning off the output, and 3 channels are output channels, that is, N is 3).
Wherein K ═ M × N; n is more than 1 and less than M; m is an even number; the N output channels correspond one-to-one to the N antenna arrays 101. When the signal is transmitted or received, each of the switches gates one of the N corresponding output channels to perform signal output or signal input, and the M output channels gated by the M switches correspond to the same antenna array 101. The selection and switching of the antenna array 101 can be flexibly performed through the radio frequency switch module 102, and a plurality of arrays share one set of digital-analog mixed TR module 104, so that the complexity, the volume, the power consumption and the weight of the device can be effectively reduced. The receiving and sending of the antenna high-gain directional narrow wave beams are realized through the multi-antenna array 101 and the radio frequency switch module 102, and compared with an omnidirectional antenna adopted by the traditional ad hoc network communication, the antenna high-gain directional narrow wave beam receiving and sending system has the advantages of large capacity, high speed, good anti-interference and anti-interception capabilities, and therefore the communication distance and the communication capacity of a wireless networking communication system are improved.
M is an even number, i.e. each antenna array 101 comprises an even number of antenna elements. The antenna array 101 is arranged on two sides of the antenna array 101 in an evenly distributed manner when being arranged, and signal tracking is facilitated based on the sum and difference angle measurement of signals transmitted by the two corresponding antenna units.
In addition, the number of antenna elements per antenna array 101 is too small and the distribution is too sparse, which leads to a decrease in directivity. On the contrary, the number of antenna units on each antenna array 101 is too large and the distribution is too tight, which may cause the isolation between the antenna units to be deteriorated and the antenna gain to be reduced. Optionally, the value range of M is 14-30. Optionally, the value of M is 16, 18, 20, 24, or 28, which is beneficial to equalize the length-to-width ratio of the antenna array 101. Specifically, the number of antenna elements may be adjusted based on the beam sweep angle range and element isolation of the array.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rf switch module 102 according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the circuit comprises 18 input channels Ant-IO 1-Ant- IO 18, 18 switches and 54 output channels. Each switch corresponds to 3 output channels, such as: the Ant-IO1 corresponds to three output channels a1, B1 and C1, which respectively correspond to 3 different antenna fronts 101.
The coupling power division module 103 is configured to calibrate a transmission signal or a reception signal, and includes: m ANT ports and M TR ports. The M ANT ports correspond to the M input channels one by one.
The digital-analog hybrid TR module 104 includes: an even number of input ports and M output ports. The M output ports correspond to the M TR ports of the coupling power dividing module 103 one to one.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-beam phased array antenna includes: the antenna comprises N antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module. The digital-analog mixed TR module, the coupling power division module, the radio frequency switch module and the antenna array surface are sequentially connected. The antenna comprises a plurality of antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module, wherein the plurality of antenna array surfaces complete the omnidirectional communication of the antenna, and the plurality of antenna array surfaces share the radio frequency switch module, the coupling power division module and the digital-analog mixed TR module, so that the integration of the antenna is improved, and the reduction of the volume and the cost of the antenna and communication equipment is facilitated. In the communication process, the antenna selects one antenna from the N antenna array surfaces for communication, and compared with an omnidirectional antenna, the antenna gain is improved. That is, the multi-beam phased array antenna provided in this embodiment has the characteristics of small size and high gain, and when used in a mobile communication device, can reduce the manufacturing cost of the communication device.
Fig. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of an antenna array 101 of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3a, the number N of antenna wavefronts 101 is 3, including a, B, and C wavefronts, respectively. The antenna array 101 is of a tile structure. The antenna array 101 is arranged with an angle of 60 ° from plane to plane. In a specific communication process, each antenna array 101 can realize scanning within a range of 120 degrees, and a three-face antenna combination covers a range of 360 degrees in azimuth. As shown in fig. 3b, each antenna array 101 is composed of 18 antenna elements arranged in 3 rows and 6 columns, and realizes transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves. I.e. M equals 18.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3a and 3b, the multi-beam phased array antenna includes 3 antenna fronts 101, and each antenna front 101 includes 18 antenna elements, which can improve the antenna gain while ensuring the antenna volume within a proper range.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Shown in fig. 4 as the multi-beam phased array antenna shown in fig. 3, includes: 3 antenna arrays 101, a radio frequency switch module 102, a coupled power division module 103 and a digital-analog mixed TR module 104. Each antenna array 101 includes 18 antenna elements, which are arranged in 3 rows and 6 columns. The path between each antenna array 101 and the rf switch module 102 is 3 times as shown in fig. 1, correspondingly, the path between the rf switch module 102 and the coupling power dividing module 103 is 3 times as shown in fig. 1, and the path between the coupling power dividing module 103 and the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104 is 3 times as shown in fig. 1.
The rf switch module 102 includes 18 input channels, 18 switches, and 64 output channels.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the coupling power dividing module 103 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the coupling power dividing module 103 includes: m couplers and a one-to-M power divider. Where M is shown as 18. The coupler is used in combination with the power divider, and is mainly used for achieving a goal that the transmitting power of a signal source can be evenly distributed to each antenna unit of an indoor distribution system as much as possible, so that the transmitting power of each antenna unit is basically the same.
Wherein, the coupler includes: ANT ports ANT-IO 1-ANT-IO 18 connected with the input channels and ports connected with one-minute M power divider, namely, the coupling junction shown in fig. 5. The M couplers are in one-to-one correspondence with the M input channels.
A divide M power divider includes: one port connected to the M couplers, i.e., the coupling junction shown in fig. 5, and M TR ports TR-IO1 to TR-IO18 connected to the output ports of the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104.
In an alternative implementation, the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104 includes: p TR module assemblies.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a TR module assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, each TR module includes: the radio frequency band-pass filter comprises a first intermediate frequency band-pass filter, a second intermediate frequency band-pass filter, a first frequency converter, a second frequency converter, a radio frequency band-pass filter, a Q-dividing power divider and Q transceiving subassemblies; wherein M is P Q. Alternatively, the number P of TR module components in the multi-beam phased array antenna shown in fig. 6 is 6. The one-to-Q power divider is a one-to-three power divider.
One end of the first if band pass filter and one end of the second if band pass filter are used as input ports of the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104. The other end of the first intermediate frequency band-pass filter is connected with one end of the first frequency converter. The other end of the second intermediate frequency band-pass filter is connected with one end of a second frequency converter. One end of the radio frequency band-pass filter is connected with the other end of the first frequency converter and the other end of the second frequency converter respectively. The input end of the Q-dividing power divider is connected with the other end of the radio frequency band-pass filter. And the Q output ends are respectively connected with the Q transceiving subassemblies.
Each transceiving subassembly comprises: the digital control attenuator, the digital control phase shifter, the first receiving and dispatching change-over switch, the power amplifier, the low noise amplifier, the amplitude limiter and the second receiving and dispatching change-over switch.
One end of the numerical control attenuator is connected with the output end of the one-Q power divider. The numerical control attenuator, the numerical control phase shifter, the first receiving and dispatching change-over switch, the power amplifier and the second receiving and dispatching change-over switch are sequentially connected to form a transmitting branch. The second receiving and dispatching change-over switch, the amplitude limiter, the low noise amplifier, the first receiving and dispatching change-over switch, the numerical control phase shifter and the numerical control attenuator form a receiving branch circuit; one end of the second transceiving switch serves as an output port of the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104.
In a possible implementation manner, the first frequency converter further includes a first local oscillation interface; the second frequency converter also comprises a second local oscillator interface.
In one possible implementation, each TR module component further includes: and the power supply and control interface is used for being connected with an external power supply and a control module.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the multi-beam phased array antenna shown in fig. 1 further includes: m filters 105 disposed between M output ports of the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104 and M TR ports of the coupling power dividing module 103; there is a one-to-one correspondence between filters, output ports and TR ports.
In the above embodiments of the multi-beam phased array antenna according to the present invention, during a specific communication application process, the multi-beam phased array antenna is configured to receive and process a radio frequency signal from a space, and send the processed radio frequency signal to a communication device, or is configured to process a signal to be transmitted from the communication device, and transmit the processed signal to be transmitted. The communication device is used for receiving and demodulating the processed radio frequency signal or is used for generating a signal to be transmitted.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication device, including: the multi-beam phased array antenna and the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module provided by any of the above embodiments.
The intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module comprises: p first AD chips integrating ADDA functions, a first FPGA unit and a second FPGA unit.
The first FPGA unit is used for signal acquisition and processing, and is connected to an input port of the digital-analog hybrid TR module 104.
And the second FPGA unit is used for forming digital beams and is connected with the first FPGA unit.
The first FPGA unit and the second FPGA unit are connected through a high-speed line to transmit data.
According to the communication equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the signal azimuth direction can be determined by adopting a digital domain to carry out beam forming, the flexible beam scanning and control capability is carried out on the digital domain, the beam scanning speed is high, and the control precision is high. Based on the multi-beam phased array antenna provided by the embodiment, when the multi-beam phased array antenna is actually used, the number of beams can be flexibly increased under the condition that hardware resources are not increased, and the beam expanding capability is strong.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the first FPGA unit uses a chip of FPGA K7 model; the second FPGA unit adopts a chip of an FPGA V7 model.
In a possible implementation manner, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module further includes: the second AD chip is used for system calibration; the calibration signal interface is connected to the coupling power dividing module 103. The first AD chip is an AD9361 chip, and the second AD chip is an AD9361 chip (i.e., as shown in fig. 8, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module includes 7 AD9361 chips). The calibration signal interface of the second AD chip is connected to the combining port of the one-to-N power divider of the coupling power dividing module 103.
In a possible implementation manner, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module further includes: and the clock distribution and synchronization module is used for synchronous control among the multi-channel signal processing.
In a possible implementation manner, the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module receives an externally provided 10MHz clock, which is used as a reference clock for system operation, so as to ensure that the system operates in a homologous manner.
The communication device provided by the embodiment has the following working process:
during signal reception, an electromagnetic wave signal from the space is received by the antenna array 101, and the received signal is selected by the rf switch module 102 and determined as a communication range corresponding to which array. Then, the signals enter a digital-analog mixed TR module 104, a receiving channel of the digital-analog mixed TR module 104 performs low-noise amplification and down-conversion on the signals, and two paths of intermediate frequency signals are output to an intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module at the rear end for AD sampling processing and beam forming processing to form beams. Then the data is sent to a communication equipment controller at the rear end for demodulation processing, and communication demodulation is completed.
When the signal is transmitted, the modulation signal from the communication equipment is sent to the digital multi-beam forming processing module of the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module to carry out transmitting digital beam forming processing. Each path of input signals are processed and then subjected to DA emission signal processing, so that each pair of input digital signals is changed into an output analog intermediate frequency signal. The analog intermediate frequency signals are respectively sent to the corresponding TR assemblies, the TR assemblies carry out up-conversion and power amplification on the signals, and finally the amplified signals are sent to the corresponding array surfaces to be emitted to the space.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a multi-beam phased array antenna used by a communication device includes: the antenna comprises N antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module. The digital-analog mixed TR module, the coupling power division module, the radio frequency switch module and the antenna array surface are sequentially connected. The antenna comprises a plurality of antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module, wherein the plurality of antenna array surfaces complete the omnidirectional communication of the antenna, and the plurality of antenna array surfaces share the radio frequency switch module, the coupling power division module and the digital-analog mixed TR module, so that the integration of the antenna is improved, and the reduction of the volume and the cost of the antenna and communication equipment is facilitated. In the communication process, the antenna selects one antenna from the N antenna array surfaces for communication, and compared with an omnidirectional antenna, the antenna gain is improved. That is, the mobile communication device provided in this embodiment has the characteristics of small volume, high gain, and low manufacturing cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-beam phased array antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises N antenna array surfaces, a radio frequency switch module, a coupling power division module and a digital-analog mixed TR module; the digital-analog mixed TR module, the coupling power division module, the radio frequency switch module and the antenna array surface are sequentially connected;
each antenna array comprises: m antenna units and M SMP radio frequency ports; the antenna units correspond to the SMP radio frequency ports one to one;
the radio frequency switch module includes: m input channels, M selector switches and K output channels; the change-over switches correspond to the input channels one by one; each selector switch corresponds to N output channels; wherein K ═ M × N; n is more than 1 and less than M; m is an even number; the N output channels correspond to the N antenna array surfaces one by one; when the signal is transmitted or received, each selector switch gates one path of signal from the corresponding N paths of output channels to output or input the signal, and M paths of output channels gated by the M selector switches correspond to the same antenna array surface;
the coupling power division module is used for calibrating a transmitting signal or a receiving signal, and comprises: m ANT ports and M TR ports; the M ANT ports correspond to the M input channels one by one;
the digital-analog hybrid TR module includes: an even number of input ports and M output ports; the M output ports are in one-to-one correspondence with the M TR ports of the coupled power division module.
2. The multi-beam phased array antenna of claim 1, wherein the number N of antenna fronts is 3; the antenna array surface is of a tile type structure; the antenna array plane is arranged with an included angle of 60 degrees between the planes.
3. The multi-beam phased array antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupled power division module comprises: m couplers and a one-to-M power divider;
the coupler includes: an ANT port connected with the input channel and a port connected with the one-M power divider; the M couplers are in one-to-one correspondence with the M input channels;
the divide-by-M power divider comprises: one port connected to the M couplers and M TR ports connected to the output ports of the digital-to-analog hybrid TR module.
4. The multi-beam phased array antenna of claim 1 or 2, wherein the digital-to-analog hybrid TR module comprises: p TR module components;
each TR module includes: the radio frequency band-pass filter comprises a first intermediate frequency band-pass filter, a second intermediate frequency band-pass filter, a first frequency converter, a second frequency converter, a radio frequency band-pass filter, a Q-dividing power divider and Q transceiving subassemblies; wherein M ═ P × Q; one end of the first intermediate frequency band-pass filter and one end of the second intermediate frequency band-pass filter are used as input ports of the digital-analog hybrid TR module; the other end of the first intermediate frequency band-pass filter is connected with one end of the first frequency converter; the other end of the second intermediate frequency band-pass filter is connected with one end of the second frequency converter; one end of the radio frequency band-pass filter is connected with the other end of the first frequency converter and the other end of the second frequency converter respectively; the input end of the one-Q power divider is connected with the other end of the radio frequency band-pass filter, and Q output ends are respectively connected with the Q receiving and transmitting subassemblies;
each transceiving subassembly comprises: the digital control attenuator, the digital control phase shifter, the first receiving and dispatching change-over switch, the power amplifier, the low noise amplifier, the amplitude limiter and the second receiving and dispatching change-over switch; one end of the numerical control attenuator is connected with the output end of the one-Q power divider; the numerical control attenuator, the numerical control phase shifter, the first transceiving switch, the power amplifier and the second transceiving switch are sequentially connected to form a transmitting branch; the second transceiving switch, the amplitude limiter, the low noise amplifier, the first transceiving switch, the numerical control phase shifter and the numerical control attenuator form a receiving branch; one end of the second transceiving switch is used as an output port of the digital-analog hybrid TR module.
5. The multi-beam phased array antenna of claim 4, wherein the first frequency converter further comprises a first local oscillator interface; the second frequency converter further comprises a second local oscillator interface.
6. The multi-beam phased array antenna of claim 4, wherein each of the TR module assemblies further comprises: and the power supply and control interface is used for being connected with an external power supply and a control module.
7. The multi-beam phased array antenna of claim 1, further comprising: the M filters are arranged between the M output ports of the digital-analog mixed TR module and the M TR ports of the coupling power division module; the filters, the output ports and the TR ports are in one-to-one correspondence.
8. A communication device, comprising: the multi-beam phased array antenna and intermediate frequency signal acquisition and processing module of any one of claims 1 to 7;
the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module comprises: p first AD chips integrating ADDA functions, a first FPGA unit and a second FPGA unit;
the first FPGA unit is used for signal acquisition and processing and is connected with an input port of the digital-analog mixed TR module;
the second FPGA unit is used for forming a digital beam and is connected with the first FPGA unit;
the first FPGA unit and the second FPGA unit are connected through a high-speed line to transmit data.
9. The communication device of claim 8, wherein the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module further comprises: the second AD chip is used for system calibration; and the calibration signal interface is connected with the coupling power division module.
10. The communication device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the intermediate frequency signal acquisition and signal processing module further comprises: and the clock distribution and synchronization module is used for synchronous control among the multi-channel signal processing.
CN202111657422.2A 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Multi-beam phased array antenna and communication device Pending CN114430119A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115149985A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-10-04 成都志诚信通科技合伙企业(有限合伙) Multiphase self-adaptive multi-beam forming system and method
CN115954648A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-04-11 北京万集科技股份有限公司 RSU antenna and electronic toll collection system
CN117767949A (en) * 2023-12-04 2024-03-26 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 Multi-chip AD sampling synchronization system and method applied to phased array antenna

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115149985A (en) * 2022-06-30 2022-10-04 成都志诚信通科技合伙企业(有限合伙) Multiphase self-adaptive multi-beam forming system and method
CN115149985B (en) * 2022-06-30 2023-08-18 成都志诚信通科技合伙企业(有限合伙) Multi-phase self-adaptive multi-beam forming system and method
CN115954648A (en) * 2022-12-29 2023-04-11 北京万集科技股份有限公司 RSU antenna and electronic toll collection system
CN117767949A (en) * 2023-12-04 2024-03-26 中国人民解放军军事科学院系统工程研究院 Multi-chip AD sampling synchronization system and method applied to phased array antenna

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