CN103236587A - RoF (radio over fiber) phased active integral antenna applicable to FDD (frequency division duplexing) system - Google Patents
RoF (radio over fiber) phased active integral antenna applicable to FDD (frequency division duplexing) system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103236587A CN103236587A CN2013101245321A CN201310124532A CN103236587A CN 103236587 A CN103236587 A CN 103236587A CN 2013101245321 A CN2013101245321 A CN 2013101245321A CN 201310124532 A CN201310124532 A CN 201310124532A CN 103236587 A CN103236587 A CN 103236587A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a RoF (radio over fiber) phased active integral antenna array applicable to an FDD (frequency division duplexing) system. The RoF antenna array comprises an optical module, an intermediate-frequency transmitting and receiving module, a plurality of radiofrequency transmitting and receiving modules and antenna units; and the optical module connected with a near-end machine is connected with the radiofrequency transmitting and receiving modules by the intermediate-frequency transmitting and receiving module, and each radiofrequency transmitting and receiving module is connected with the corresponding antenna unit. Compared with the traditional array antenna, the RoF phased active integral antenna array has the advantages that each antenna unit in the active integral antenna array is directly connected with the corresponding complete radiofrequency transmitting and receiving module, signals of each unit are subjected to power division/combination in intermediate frequencies, are connected with the optical module after being processed by the intermediate-frequency transmitting and receiving module, and finally can be converted into optical signals by the optical module, and the optical signals can be transmitted at low loss over long distances; and the phase of each radiofrequency transmitting and receiving module behind the corresponding antenna unit is controllable, and accordingly beams of the integral array can be scanned in the vertical direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of active antenna, is a kind of FDD(Frequency of being applicable to Division Duplexing specifically, Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)) the phased active integral antenna of RoF type of system.
Background technology
Antenna is one of critical component of various wireless communication systems, and weighing its good and bad the key technical indexes has: impedance bandwidth, beamwidth, minor level, gain and efficient etc.The insertion loss of the conductor losses of antenna radiation unit, dielectric loss, feeding network and the loss meeting of feeder line reduce overall system efficiency greatly, thereby cause the transmitter power of significant proportion to be dissipated by antenna and feeder line, and have a strong impact on receiving sensitivity.Therefore, high efficiency and the intelligent goal in research that just becomes the next generation wireless communication antenna.
Traditional cellular mobile communication base station mainly is made up of antenna, feeder cable and radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, and the feeder cable of the antenna of cat head by certain-length is connected with following transceiver.For down link, the power output of radio frequency sending set is installed on the antenna of cat head by the feeder cable feed-in and is transmitted into aerial; For up link, mobile phone signal is received the back by the cat head antenna for base station and enters radio-frequency transmitter under the tower by feeder cable.The traditional base station antenna adopts the directional antenna of covering of the fan antenna pattern mostly, and the horizontal plane beamwidth is generally 120 degree (10dB beamwidth), and gain generally is about 14.5dBi.Such antenna generally is made of 8～12 cellular arraies of vertical direction.The loss meeting of the Insertion Loss of the conductor losses of antenna radiation unit, dielectric loss, feeding network and feeder line reduces the efficient of antenna-feedback system greatly, thereby causes the transmitter power of significant proportion to be dissipated by antenna and feeder line, and has a strong impact on receiving sensitivity.Antenna efficiency is not taken into account the loss of feeder cable, obviously for above-mentioned base station, with antenna and feeder line (that is: antenna-feedback system) whole consider to be more suitable for describing and
Analyze the performance of wireless communication system.For this reason, we to define antenna feeder efficient as follows
In the formula, E
AFExpression antenna feeder efficient (Efficiency of Antenna and Feeding Cable), P
eRefer to really be radiated aerial Effective Radiated Power, P
tRefer to the power output of radio frequency sending set.
For traditional base station and base station antenna sector situation, feeder line length can reach tens meters usually, and loss can reach 3dB, even bigger; The loss of the inner feeding network of antenna sector is about 1～2dB usually.By contrast, the reflection loss the when conductor losses of radiating element, dielectric loss and matched well is much smaller.Therefore, the power of exporting from radio frequency sending set only is radiated less than half, that is to say the antenna feeder efficient E of this moment
AF＜50%.We know that the radio frequency sending set power output doubles under the situation that guarantees the linearity, and its cost will increase by 0.8～1 times, and its dc power will increase by 1～1.2 times.
Therefore, research and realize that high efficiency, wave beam are controlled, the new antenna technology of the various good characteristics of low-power consumption, low cost and support RoF (Radio over Fiber, light carrier radio communication) seems very urgent.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: at the problem and shortage of above-mentioned prior art existence, the phased active integral antenna of RoF type that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of FDD of being applicable to system, make the beam position of its transmission channel and receive path in vertical plane independent controlled, energy-efficient.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of phased active integral antenna array of RoF type that is applicable to the FDD system, and it comprises optical module, medium-frequency receiving and sending module, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and antenna element; The optical module that links to each other with the near-end machine links to each other with a plurality of radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module by the medium-frequency receiving and sending module, and each radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module is connected with an antenna element.
Wherein, described medium-frequency receiving and sending module comprises the transmitter module that links to each other with optical module, and transmitter module links to each other with the input of intermediate frequency power splitter; The medium-frequency receiving and sending module also comprises the receiver module that links to each other with optical module, and receiver module links to each other with the output of middle frequency combiner; The output of described intermediate frequency power splitter links to each other with the feed port of antenna element by radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module; The feed port of described antenna element also links to each other with the input of middle frequency combiner by radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module.
Wherein, described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module comprises first frequency mixer, first phase shifter, amplifier and the duplexer that links to each other with the intermediate frequency power splitter successively, and the other end of duplexer links to each other with the feed port of antenna element; The feed port of antenna element also connects Receiver Module, second phase shifter and second frequency mixer successively by duplexer, and second frequency mixer links to each other with the input of middle frequency combiner.
The phased active integral antenna of RoF type of the FDD of being applicable to of the present invention system comprises antenna element, radio-frequency receiving-transmitting, phase shifter, frequency mixer, medium-frequency receiving and sending and optical module, and wherein the medium-frequency receiving and sending module has comprised intermediate frequency power splitter/mixer and amplification circuits; Different with traditional array antenna, each antenna element directly directly is connected with a complete radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module in the active integral antenna array among the present invention, the signal of each unit is finished merit branch/close road at intermediate frequency, by being connected with optical module after the medium-frequency receiving and sending module, last signal can be converted to the low-loss transmission of growing distance behind the light signal by optical module.The phase place of the radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module behind each antenna element is controlled, and the wave beam of whole like this array just can scan in the vertical direction.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has the following advantages:
1 :) have higher antenna feeder efficient, can reach 80%～90%.After adopting the design of active integral antenna array, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module directly is connected with antenna element by joint, avoided the loss that feeder cable brings in the traditional RRU+ passive antenna array scheme, simultaneously because the merit branch/to close the road network network be to finish at intermediate frequency, than the radio frequency merit branch of passive antenna array/close road network network, the loss meeting further reduces, and whole loss can be controlled in 1dB, and the antenna feeder efficient of system can reach 80%～90%.
2 :) wave beam that transmits and receives passage in the vertical plane can independently scan, and wave beam can point to any direction in ± 40 ° of scopes.The radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module of this programme is compared traditional RRU(Radio Remote Unit, Remote Radio Unit), each passage has increased a high accuracy low-loss digital phase shifter, by the phase place of each unit in the aerial array can be set the control of phase shifter, the phase place of each antenna element is arranged on the orientation that suitable numerical value can be controlled the beam position needs of entire antenna array, thereby realizes the beam scanning of array beams in vertical plane.Because the phase shifter of reception and transmission channel is independent controlled in the radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, it also is independent controlled that the reception of system and launching beam point to.
3) it is controlled to have benefited from the beam position of aerial array, when one or several passages break down in the aerial array, can be by regulating the phase place of remaining channel, radiation beam sensing to aerial array is adjusted, can remedy the change of the aerial radiation direction of bringing because of channel failure, strengthen the stability of system to a certain extent.
4) adopt RoF, can carry out low-loss transmission, networking is convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention is applicable to the phased active integral antenna of RoF type of FDD system;
Fig. 2 be antenna receive path of the present invention beam scanning (with 10 ° be the interval, beam position can be self-defined);
Fig. 3 be antenna transmission channel of the present invention beam scanning (with 10 ° be the interval, beam position can be self-defined).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention and is not used in and limits the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims institute restricted portion to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of phased active integral antenna array of RoF type that is applicable to the FDD system of the present invention comprises optical module 1, medium-frequency receiving and sending module 2, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 and antenna element 4; The optical module 1 that links to each other with the near-end machine links to each other with some radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 by medium-frequency receiving and sending module 2, and each radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 is connected with an antenna element 4.Power supply is the phased active integral antenna power supply of whole ROF type, and optical module 1 links to each other by the optical module of optical fiber with the near-end machine.
The effect of optical module 1 is opto-electronic conversion, and transmitting terminal converts the signal of telecommunication to light signal; After the optical fiber transmission, receiving terminal converts light signal to the signal of telecommunication again.
Radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 is cores of active integral antenna array, and the intermediate-freuqncy signal that radiating portion comes intermediate frequency power splitter 22 transmission passes to antenna element 4 after upconverting to and carrying out filtering, phase shift and amplification behind the rf frequency; After the weak signal that Receiver Module 37 comes antenna element 4 transmission is carried out filtering and amplification, and be down-converted to IF-FRE, the signal of each passage is finished in middle frequency combiner 24 the insides and is closed the road then.
Antenna element 4 is energy conversion devices, and the signal that radiofrequency emitting module 3 is produced is converted to electromagnetic wave and is transmitted into the space, and is converted to radiofrequency signal after the electromagnetic wave in space collected and passes to Receiver Module 3.
Wherein, described medium-frequency receiving and sending module 2 comprises the transmitter module 21 that links to each other with optical module 1, and transmitter module 21 links to each other with the input of intermediate frequency power splitter 22; Medium-frequency receiving and sending module 2 also comprises the receiver module 23 that links to each other with optical module 1, and receiver module 23 links to each other with the output of middle frequency combiner 24.
Described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 comprises first frequency mixer 31, first phase shifter 32, amplifier 33, the duplexer 34 that links to each other with intermediate frequency power splitter 22 successively; The other end of duplexer 34 links to each other with the feed port of antenna element 4; The feed port of antenna element 4 also connects Receiver Module 37, second phase shifter 36, second frequency mixer, 35, the second frequency mixers 35 successively by duplexer 34 and links to each other with the input of middle frequency combiner 24.First frequency mixer 31, first phase shifter 32, amplifier 33, duplexer 34 have been formed the radiating portion of radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3, and second frequency mixer 35, second phase shifter 36, Receiver Module 37 and duplexer 34 have been formed the receiving unit of radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3.
The output of intermediate frequency power splitter 22 links to each other with the feed port of antenna element 4 by radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3; The feed port of described antenna element 4 links to each other with the input of middle frequency combiner 24 by radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3.
Radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 by phase shifter can the control antenna array in the phase place of each passage, the phase place of each passage is arranged on the orientation that suitable numerical value can be controlled the beam position needs of entire antenna array, thereby realizes the beam scanning in the vertical plane.
Each antenna element 4 of the present invention with one independently radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 directly be connected, with traditional RRU(radio frequency remoto module)+the passive antenna array compares, at the EIRP(effective isotropic radiated power that guarantees the entire antenna array) under the identical condition, the radio frequency power output that the single radio frequency transmitter module needs in this programme is the number of aerial array for the 1/N(N of traditional RRU scheme intermediate power amplifier power output only, be generally 8-12), so just can adopt middle-size and small-size power amplifier to replace high power amplifier in the common RRU scheme, reduce the requirement of system to the heat radiation aspect, and can further reduce cost and the circuit area of system; Because the reduction of maximum transmission power can reduce the requirement to the power capacity of duplexer in the FDD system, further reduce cost and the volume of system simultaneously.
Compare traditional RRU, each passage of radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module of the present invention has increased a digital phase shifter, by the phase place of each unit in the aerial array can be set the control of phase shifter, the phase place of each antenna element is arranged on the orientation that suitable numerical value can be controlled the beam position needs of entire antenna array, thereby realizes the beam scanning of array beams in vertical plane.
The phase place of the radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 of the phased active integral antenna of RoF type of the present invention can be controlled, and by specific phase place is set, can realize the function of beam scanning so that the angle that the beam position of array in vertical plane needs.And radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module 3 directly is connected with antenna element 4 by joint, has reduced the loss of feeder line and feeding network, has improved antenna feeder efficient.
Further specify below in conjunction with one embodiment of the present of invention antenna, this embodiment antenna is the phased active integral antenna of RoF type that is applicable to the WCDMA system, its radio-frequency transmissions working frequency range is 2110MHz～2170MHz, the reception operating frequency is 1920MHz～1980MHz, system works is at fdd mode, transceiver channel is isolated by duplexer, array is the unit 8 linear array that evenly distributes, each radio frequency unit maximum transmission power is 21dBm, the gain of antenna element is 7dB, and the EIRP of whole array maximum is the loss of 45.5dBm(0.5dB).The radiation beam of array is 10 ° at the 3dB of vertical plane beamwidth, can point to arbitrarily angled in ± 40 ° of scopes.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the beam scanning result of antenna of the present invention, be the interval with 10 ° during measurement, actually can point to arbitrarily angledly, and from test result as can be seen, the position of requirement all can be accurately pointed in the beam scanning that transmits and receives passage in ± 40 ° of scopes.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have provided the embodiment active antenna in the beam scanning result who transmits and receives under the state, as can be seen from the results, the wave beam of this active integral antenna array can be adjusted according to system's needs in vertical plane, when this embodiment antenna is used as the base station antenna system of mobile communication, can adjust the sensing of wave beam according to service needed in good time, obtain optimization and cover; And have benefited from the beam position controllable characteristics of aerial array, when one or several passages break down in this embodiment aerial array, can be by regulating the phase place of remaining channel, beam position to aerial array is adjusted, remedy the change of the aerial radiation direction of bringing because of channel failure, strengthened the stability of system to a certain extent.
Claims (3)
1. phased active integral antenna array of RoF type that is applicable to the FDD system, it is characterized in that: it comprises optical module (1), medium-frequency receiving and sending module (2), radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module (3) and antenna element (4); The optical module (1) that links to each other with the near-end machine links to each other with a plurality of radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module (3) by medium-frequency receiving and sending module (2), and each radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module (3) is connected with an antenna element (4).
2. according to the described phased active integral antenna array of RoF type that is applicable to the FDD system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described medium-frequency receiving and sending module (2) comprises the transmitter module (21) that links to each other with optical module (1), and transmitter module (21) links to each other with the input of intermediate frequency power splitter (22); Medium-frequency receiving and sending module (2) also comprises the receiver module (23) that links to each other with optical module (1), and receiver module (23) links to each other with the output of middle frequency combiner (24);
The output of described intermediate frequency power splitter (22) links to each other with the feed port of antenna element (4) by radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module (3); The feed port of described antenna element (4) also links to each other with the input of middle frequency combiner (24) by radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module (3).
3. according to the described phased active integral antenna array of RoF type that is applicable to the FDD system of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module (3) comprises first frequency mixer (31), first phase shifter (32), amplifier (33) and the duplexer (34) that links to each other with intermediate frequency power splitter (22) successively, and the other end of duplexer (34) links to each other with the feed port of antenna element (4); The feed port of antenna element (4) also connects Receiver Module (37), second phase shifter (36) and second frequency mixer (35) successively by duplexer (34), and second frequency mixer (35) also links to each other with the input of middle frequency combiner (24).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013101245321A CN103236587A (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | RoF (radio over fiber) phased active integral antenna applicable to FDD (frequency division duplexing) system |
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| CN2013101245321A CN103236587A (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | RoF (radio over fiber) phased active integral antenna applicable to FDD (frequency division duplexing) system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021062592A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for fault mitigation in base station |
| CN112865849A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-05-28 | 浙江集速合芯科技有限公司 | Network for simulating phased array beam forming |
| WO2021147250A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 南京捷希科技有限公司 | Radio frequency matrix and test system |
| CN113406568A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-09-17 | 深圳市常茂信科技开发有限公司 | Antenna control device, method and radar |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102377027A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-14 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Active antenna and method for calibrating active antenna |
| CN102769212A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-07 | 东南大学 | Medium-frequency simulated RoF (radio over fiber) type phase control active integrated antenna |
| CN203288755U (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-11-13 | 东南大学 | RoF-type phase control active integrated antenna array suitable for FDD system |
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2013
- 2013-04-10 CN CN2013101245321A patent/CN103236587A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102377027A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-14 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Active antenna and method for calibrating active antenna |
| CN102769212A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-11-07 | 东南大学 | Medium-frequency simulated RoF (radio over fiber) type phase control active integrated antenna |
| CN203288755U (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-11-13 | 东南大学 | RoF-type phase control active integrated antenna array suitable for FDD system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021062592A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for fault mitigation in base station |
| WO2021147250A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | 南京捷希科技有限公司 | Radio frequency matrix and test system |
| CN112865849A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-05-28 | 浙江集速合芯科技有限公司 | Network for simulating phased array beam forming |
| CN113406568A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-09-17 | 深圳市常茂信科技开发有限公司 | Antenna control device, method and radar |
| CN113406568B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2024-01-30 | 深圳市常茂信科技开发有限公司 | Antenna control device, method and radar |
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Application publication date: 20130807 |