CN115954648A - RSU antenna and electronic toll collection system - Google Patents
RSU antenna and electronic toll collection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses RSU antenna and electronic charging system includes: the distance between every two adjacent antenna units is equal, and N is a positive integer; m channels, each channel is used for connecting one antenna unit, M is a positive integer, and M is less than N. Compared with the prior RSU antenna in which each antenna unit is fixedly connected to one channel, the RSU antenna provided by the application can be connected to any one of the antenna units, and can meet the requirements of different layout scenes, for example, the RSU antenna requires that the channels are connected to different antenna units in different scenes, so that the use diversity of the RSU antenna is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC), and particularly relates to an RSU antenna and an Electronic Toll Collection system.
Background
The ETC system comprises a Road Side Unit (RSU) antenna, an On Board Unit (OBU) and central management equipment, and is mainly applied to highway toll collection. When a vehicle with an OBU passes through a toll station, the RSU antenna firstly needs to position the OBU and determine that the OBU is a target interaction device. Subsequently, the RSU antenna acquires the vehicle travel information of the OBU, and transmits the vehicle travel information to the center management device. And finally, deducting the road toll which is supposed to be paid at this time from the signed account of the vehicle by the central management equipment according to the vehicle running information.
Currently, in the production process of the RSU antenna, each antenna unit in the RSU antenna is fixedly connected to one channel, so that each RSU antenna can only satisfy one fixed layout scenario. However, when the layout scenario of the RSU antenna changes, the RSU antenna no longer satisfies the changed layout scenario, which results in limitation of the use of the RSU antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, embodiments of the present application provide an RSU antenna to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems of the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an RSU antenna, including: the distance between every two adjacent antenna units is equal, and N is a positive integer; m channels, each channel is used for connecting one antenna unit, M is a positive integer, and M is less than N.
In some optional embodiments, the RSU antenna further includes a switch matrix connected to the antenna units and the channels, such that each channel is connected to one antenna unit through the switch matrix. .
In some optional embodiments, the RSU antenna further includes a control module, where the control module is connected to the channels, and the control module is configured to control each channel to be connected to one target antenna unit.
In some optional embodiments, the RSU antenna further includes an electromagnetic wave transmitting unit, and the electromagnetic wave transmitting unit is configured to transmit an electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna unit; the antenna unit is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signals and sending the electromagnetic wave signals to the channel; the channel is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signals, converting the electromagnetic wave signals into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the control module; the control module is used for receiving the digital signals sent by the channel and controlling the channel to be connected to the target antenna unit according to the digital signals.
In some optional embodiments, the directional pattern gain of the digital signal corresponding to the target antenna unit is the largest.
In some optional embodiments, the RSU antenna further includes an image acquisition unit, and the image acquisition unit is connected to the control module; the control module is also used for controlling the image acquisition module to acquire the vehicle image when receiving the vehicle-mounted electromagnetic wave signal sent by the vehicle.
Wherein, in some optional embodiments, the image acquisition unit is a laser radar.
In some optional embodiments, the distance between every two adjacent antenna units is half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal.
In some optional embodiments, the channel includes a channel circuit and a channel chip, and the channel circuit is connected to the channel chip and the antenna unit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic toll collection system, including an OBU and an RSU antenna as provided in the above first aspect, where the OBU is configured to send an electromagnetic wave signal to an antenna unit; the antenna unit is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals sent by the OBU.
The application provides an RSU antenna, including N antenna element, the interval between every two adjacent antenna element equals, N is positive integer, M passageway, every passageway is used for connecting an antenna element, M is positive integer, and M < N, compare in every antenna element fixed connection in a passageway in current RSU antenna, the RSU antenna that this application provided, every passageway can be connected in any one in a plurality of antenna element, the RSU antenna can satisfy different scene demands of laying, for example, require the passageway to connect in different antenna element under the different scenes, the use diversity of RSU antenna has been increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic toll collection system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an RSU antenna in the electronic toll collection system shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the specification of the present application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and includes such combinations.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
The ETC system comprises a Road Side Unit (RSU) antenna, an On Board Unit (OBU) and central management equipment, and is mainly applied to highway toll collection. When a vehicle with an OBU passes through a toll station, the RSU antenna firstly needs to locate the OBU and determine that the OBU is a target interaction device. Subsequently, the RSU antenna acquires the vehicle travel information of the OBU, and transmits the vehicle travel information to the center management device. And finally, deducting the road toll which is supposed to be paid at this time from the signed account of the vehicle by the central management device according to the vehicle running information.
Currently, in the production process of the RSU antenna, each antenna unit in the RSU antenna is fixedly connected to one channel, so that each RSU antenna can only satisfy one fixed layout scenario. However, when the layout scenario of the RSU antenna changes, the RSU antenna no longer satisfies the changed layout scenario, which results in limitation of the use of the RSU antenna.
In view of the above problems, the inventor has conducted long-term research and proposed that the RSU antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application includes N antenna units, where the distance between every two adjacent antenna units is equal, N is a positive integer, M channels are used for connecting one antenna unit, M is a positive integer, and M is less than N.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) 100 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the ETC 100 includes an On Board Unit (OBU) 110 and a Road Side Unit (RSU) antenna 120, the OBU 110 is communicatively connected to the RSU antenna 120, the OBU 110 is used for sending an electromagnetic wave signal to the RSU antenna 120, and the RSU antenna 120 is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the OBU 110.
Where the OBU 110 is typically mounted to a vehicle, for example, the OBU 110 may be mounted to a front windshield of the vehicle.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the rsu antenna 120 includes N antenna units 121 and M channels 122, the distance between every two adjacent antenna units 121 is equal, each channel 122 is used for connecting one antenna unit 121, N is a positive integer, M is a positive integer, and M < N.
The antenna unit 121 is communicatively connected to the OBU 110, and the antenna unit 121 is configured to receive an electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the OBU 110 and transmit the received electromagnetic wave signal to the channel 122. The channel 122 is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the antenna unit 121.
In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent antenna units 121 may be half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal, and the distance between two adjacent antenna units 121 may also be equal to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal, and the like.
In some embodiments, the antenna unit 121 may include an antenna housing and an antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator may be disposed in the antenna housing and integrated with the antenna housing, for example, the antenna radiator may be embedded in the antenna housing, and the antenna housing may provide mounting support for the antenna radiator.
The antenna radiator may be communicatively connected to the OBU 110 and configured to receive electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the OBU 110. The antenna radiator is also connected to the channel 122 and is used to transmit the received electromagnetic wave signal to the channel 122.
In some embodiments, the channel 122 may include a channel circuit and a channel chip, the channel circuit is connected between the antenna radiator and the channel chip, and the channel chip and the antenna radiator perform electromagnetic wave signal transmission through the channel circuit. The channel chip is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signals sent by the antenna radiator and converting the electromagnetic wave signals into digital signals.
In some embodiments, the RSU antenna 120 may further include a switch matrix 130, where the switch matrix may be connected to the antenna units 121 and the channels 122, so that each channel 122 is connected to one antenna unit 121 through the switch matrix 130, and compared to the RSU antenna 120 provided in the prior art where each antenna unit 121 is fixedly connected to one channel 122 in the RSU antenna 120, each channel 122 may be connected to any one of the multiple antenna units 121, and the RSU antenna 120 may meet requirements of different layout scenarios, for example, the RSU antenna 120 may require that the channels 122 are connected to different antenna units 121 in different scenarios, so that the diversity of the RSU antenna 120 is increased.
The switch matrix 130 may be any one of an electromagnetic switch, a shock switch, a key switch, a remote control switch, and the like, and the specific type of the switch matrix 130 is not limited herein, and may be specifically set according to actual requirements.
In one application scenario, N is 16, and the N antenna units 121 may include an antenna unit 1, an antenna unit 2, an antenna unit 3, an antenna unit 4, an antenna unit 5, an antenna unit 6, an antenna unit 7, an antenna unit 8, an antenna unit 9, an antenna unit 10, an antenna unit 11, an antenna unit 12, an antenna unit 13, an antenna unit 14, an antenna unit 15, and an antenna unit 16.M is 4,M channels 122 may include channel 1, channel 2, channel 3, and channel 4.
The channel 1 may be connected to any one of the antenna units 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 through the switch matrix 130, the channel 2 may be connected to any one of the remaining 15 antenna units 121 through the switch matrix 130, the channel 3 may be connected to any one of the remaining 14 antenna units 121 through the switch matrix 130, and the channel 4 may be connected to any one of the remaining 13 antenna units 121 through the switch matrix 130. Therefore, the obtained RSU antenna layout manner may be the antenna unit 1, the antenna unit 2, the antenna unit 5, and the antenna unit 9, may also be the antenna unit 1, the antenna unit 5, the antenna unit 9, and the antenna unit 13, and may also be the antenna unit 1, the antenna unit 3, the antenna unit 8, and the antenna unit 16, and the like, and the type of the RSU antenna layout manner is not limited herein, and may be specifically set according to actual requirements. .
In some embodiments, since the cost of the channel 122 is high, the plurality of antenna units 121 may be connected to one channel 122 through the switch matrix 130, and compared with the conventional RSU antenna 120 in which each antenna unit 121 is fixedly connected to one channel 122, the RSU antenna 120 provided in this embodiment may save the number of the channels 122, thereby greatly saving the layout cost of the RSU antenna 120.
In one application scenario, N is 16, and N antenna units 121 may include antenna unit 1, antenna unit 2, antenna unit 3, antenna unit 4, antenna unit 5, antenna unit 6, antenna unit 7, antenna unit 8, antenna unit 9, antenna unit 10, antenna unit 11, antenna unit 12, antenna unit 13, antenna unit 14, antenna unit 15, and antenna unit 16.M is 4,M channels 122 may include channel 1, channel 2, channel 3, and channel 4.
The antenna units 1, 2, 3, 4 and the channel 1 may be connected by a switch matrix 130, the antenna units 5, 6, 7, 8 and the channel 2 may be connected by a switch matrix 130, the antenna units 9, 10, 11, 12 and the channel 3 may be connected by a switch matrix 130, and the antenna units 13, 14, 15, 16 and the channel 4 may be connected by a switch matrix 130.
In some embodiments, the RSU antenna 120 may further include a control module, which may be connected to the channels 122, and the control module may be configured to control each channel 122 to be connected to a target antenna unit 121 of the plurality of antenna units 121.
In some embodiments, the RSU antenna 120 may further include an electromagnetic wave transmitting unit, which may be used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals to the antenna unit 121. The antenna unit 121 may be configured to receive the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the electromagnetic wave transmitting unit and transmit the received electromagnetic wave signal to the channel 122.
The channel 122 may be configured to receive an electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the antenna unit 121, convert the received electromagnetic wave signal into a digital signal, and transmit the digital signal to the control module. The control module may be configured to receive the digital signal sent by the channel 122, and control the channel 122 to connect to the target antenna unit 121 according to the digital signal.
In some embodiments, the directional pattern gain of the digital signal corresponding to the target antenna element 121 is maximized.
In one application scenario, N is 16, and N antenna units 121 may include antenna unit 1, antenna unit 2, antenna unit 3, antenna unit 4, antenna unit 5, antenna unit 6, antenna unit 7, antenna unit 8, antenna unit 9, antenna unit 10, antenna unit 11, antenna unit 12, antenna unit 13, antenna unit 14, antenna unit 15, and antenna unit 16.M is 4,M channels 122 may include channel 1, channel 2, channel 3, and channel 4.
A first target antenna element may be selected from antenna element 1, antenna element 2, antenna element 3, or antenna element 4 and connected to channel 1 via switch matrix 130. A second target antenna element is selected from antenna element 5, antenna element 6, antenna element 7, or antenna element 8, and connected to channel 2 via switch matrix 130. A third target antenna element is optionally selected from antenna element 9, antenna element 10, antenna element 11, or antenna element 12, and connected to channel 3 through switch matrix 130. A fourth target antenna element is optionally selected from antenna element 13, antenna element 14, antenna element 15, or antenna element 16 and connected to channel 4 via switch matrix 130.
And acquiring the antenna selection mode of each of the first target antenna unit, the second target antenna unit, the third target antenna unit and the fourth target antenna unit, and recording the antenna selection mode as a corresponding RSU antenna arrangement mode. And acquiring a directional diagram gain function corresponding to each RSU antenna arrangement mode, acquiring a corresponding signal-to-noise ratio according to the directional diagram gain function, and determining a first target antenna unit, a second target antenna unit, a third target antenna unit and a fourth target antenna unit corresponding to the target RSU antenna arrangement mode as the target RSU antenna arrangement mode and the RSU antenna arrangement mode with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio as the target antenna unit 121.
The corresponding weight vector and waveform characteristics can be obtained according to the electromagnetic wave signals, and the corresponding directional diagram gain function can be calculated according to the weight vector and the waveform characteristics and the formula I.
The first formula is as follows: p (θ) = w (θ') · Angle (θ), wherein,
p (theta) is a directional diagram gain function, and theta is an included angle between the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave signal and the corresponding antenna, namely an incident angle;
w (theta ') is a weight vector, and theta' is a direction angle corresponding to the electromagnetic wave signal;
angle (θ) is a waveform characteristic.
The corresponding weight vector can be calculated according to the formula two according to the number of channels and the direction angle corresponding to the RSU antenna 120.
The formula II is as follows:
wherein,
j is a plurality, and j 2 ＝-1。
And calculating the corresponding waveform characteristics according to the formula III according to the incident angle and the channel number corresponding to the electromagnetic wave signals.
The third formula is: angle (θ) = exp (j · π · cos (θ)), where,
j is a plurality, and j 2 ＝-1。
The corresponding peak values can be obtained according to each directional diagram gain function, the peak values corresponding to each directional diagram gain function are arranged from large to small, the peak value difference between the first ordered peak value and the second ordered peak value corresponding to each directional diagram gain function is calculated, the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, the signal-to-noise ratios corresponding to various antenna arrangement modes are arranged from large to small, and the antenna arrangement mode corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio arranged at the head is determined as the target RSU antenna arrangement mode.
In some embodiments, the RSU antenna 120 may further include an image capturing unit, the image capturing unit is connected to the control module, and the control module is further configured to control the image capturing module to capture an image of the vehicle when receiving the vehicle-mounted electromagnetic wave signal sent by the vehicle.
In some embodiments, the image acquisition unit may be any one of a laser radar, an infrared camera, a general camera, and the like, and is not limited herein, and may be specifically set according to actual needs.
The RSU antenna 120 provided in this embodiment includes N antenna units 121, the distance between every two adjacent antenna units 121 is equal, N is a positive integer, M channels 122, each channel 122 is used to connect one antenna unit 121, M is a positive integer, and M is less than N, compared to the RSU antenna 120 in the prior art in which each antenna unit 121 is fixedly connected to one channel 122, each channel 122 of the RSU antenna 120 provided in this embodiment can be connected to any one of the antenna units 121, and the RSU antenna 120 can meet the requirements of different layout scenarios, for example, the RSU antenna 120 requires that the channel 122 be connected to different antenna units 121 in different scenarios, thereby increasing the diversity of use of the RSU antenna 120.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "above," "front," "top," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be considered limiting of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be mechanically or electrically connected or may communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature by "on" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features in direct contact, and may also include the recitation of the first and second features not in direct contact, but in contact with each other via additional features between them. Also, the first feature being "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: numerous changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An RSU antenna, comprising:
the distance between every two adjacent antenna units is equal, and N is a positive integer;
m channels, each channel is used for connecting one antenna unit, M is a positive integer, and M is less than N.
2. The RSU antenna of claim 1, further comprising a switch matrix coupled to said antenna elements and said channels such that each channel is coupled to one antenna element through said switch matrix.
3. The RSU antenna of claim 2, further comprising a control module coupled to the channels, the control module configured to control each channel to be coupled to a target antenna unit.
4. The RSU antenna of claim 3, further comprising an electromagnetic wave transmitting unit for transmitting an electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna unit;
the antenna unit is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signals and sending the electromagnetic wave signals to the channel;
the channel is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signals, converting the electromagnetic wave signals into digital signals and sending the digital signals to the control module;
the control module is used for receiving the digital signal sent by the channel and controlling the channel to be connected to the target antenna unit according to the digital signal.
5. The RSU antenna of claim 4, wherein a pattern gain of the digital signal corresponding to the target antenna unit is maximized.
6. The RSU antenna of claim 3, further comprising an image acquisition unit connected to the control module;
the control module is also used for controlling the image acquisition module to acquire the vehicle image of the vehicle when receiving the vehicle-mounted electromagnetic wave signal sent by the vehicle.
7. The RSU antenna of claim 6, wherein the image acquisition unit is a lidar.
8. The RSU antenna of claim 1, wherein the spacing between each two adjacent antenna elements is one-half wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal.
9. The RSU antenna according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the channel comprises a channel circuit and a channel chip, the channel circuit being connected to the channel chip and the antenna unit.
10. An electronic toll collection system comprising an OBU for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals to the antenna unit and an RSU antenna as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9; the antenna unit is used for receiving the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the OBU.
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