CN114427014A - Smelting method of high-manganese non-magnetic steel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting method of high-manganese non-magnetic steel, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of dephosphorization converter treatment, AOD converter smelting, ladle transfer treatment, LF refining and continuous casting, and the high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank can be obtained through the steps. The invention only executes decarburization treatment in the AOD converter, does not perform manganese alloying, reduces the addition of electrolytic manganese cold burden in the AOD smelting process, ensures the temperature in the smelting process, and reduces the addition of temperature-rising aluminum. In addition, electrolytic manganese is not added into the AOD converter, so that the low manganese oxide content in slag in the decarburization process is ensured, the decarburization efficiency is improved, and the smelting period is shortened; meanwhile, the invention reduces the production cost, improves the production efficiency and meets the increasing demand of the high-manganese non-magnetic plate in the power industry year by year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special steel smelting, in particular to a smelting method of high-manganese non-magnetic steel.
Background
The 20Mn23AlV is a typical steel grade in high-manganese non-magnetic steel, has the characteristics of no magnetism, low-temperature impact resistance, oxidation resistance, high abrasion resistance and the like, and is developed in the application fields of electric power, rail transit, buildings, automobiles, national defense and military industry, quarrying, mining, excavation, coal industry, steel industry and the like.
With the development of the national power industry, the demand of super-huge transformers is increased, the production capacity of non-magnetic steel plates is increased year by year, but the traditional 20Mn23AlV smelting process is die casting, the production efficiency is low, the labor amount is large, the casting blank quality is poor, the pollution is large, and EAF-LF-CC is adopted by large-scale steel companies at home and abroad, but the main problems are that the smelting period is long, the electric furnace decarbonization is difficult, and the steel slag splashing phenomenon can occur due to violent carbon-oxygen reaction in the decarbonization process, so that certain risk is brought to the safety of field smelting. The smelting process of the intermediate frequency furnace-LF-CC is adopted for production, so that the requirement on raw materials is very strict, the intermediate frequency furnace cannot decarbonize, and low-carbon materials are required for smelting, so that the smelting cost is high, and therefore, the development of an efficient smelting method for the high-manganese non-magnetic steel is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smelting method of high-manganese non-magnetic steel, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a smelting method of high-manganese non-magnetic steel comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out dephosphorization treatment on the molten iron from the blast furnace by using a dephosphorization converter, wherein the chemical components of the treated molten iron are as follows by mass: c: 2.5-3.7%, Si: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Mn is 0.10 to 0.20 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.016 percent, S is 0.04 to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities;
s2, smelting in an AOD converter, namely decarbonizing and reducing the molten iron treated in the step S1 by using the AOD converter, wherein the alkalinity of slag in a reduction stage is controlled to be 2.3-2.8, adding aluminum particles for deep deoxidation, and adding ferrovanadium for vanadium alloying; the molten iron treated by the AOD converter comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.14 to 0.20%, Si: 0.10-0.20%, Mn 0.10-0.20%, P: less than or equal to 0.016 percent, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of S, 1.70-2.20 percent of Al, 0.05-0.10 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
s3, steel ladle transferring treatment, namely tapping the molten iron treated by the S2 to a steel ladle, wherein the tapping temperature is 1600-1650 ℃, then hoisting the steel ladle filled with the molten iron to a slag skimming station for skimming so as to ensure that the thickness of a slag layer on a liquid surface is less than or equal to 50mm, adding electrolytic manganese melted by an intermediate frequency furnace after skimming, and adding the electrolytic manganese: 250 to 280kg/t steel.
S4, LF refining, namely hoisting the molten iron mixed with the electrolytic manganese in the step S3 to an LF furnace for refining, adding 11-13 kg/t of steel refining slag and 9-10 kg/t of steel lime, heating for 10-20 minutes for slagging, feeding into a 50m calcium wire after slagging, introducing argon for weak blowing for 30 minutes, and entering the next procedure;
s5: and (3) continuous casting, namely hoisting the molten iron refined by S4 to a continuous casting platform for casting to obtain the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel plate blank, wherein the tundish temperature is 1440-1480 ℃, and the casting drawing speed is 0.7-1.0 m/min.
Furthermore, the Mn of the electrolytic manganese in the S3 is more than or equal to 99.9 percent;
further, the refining slag in the S4 comprises the following main components: 54% of CaO and Al2O3:32.0%，SiO2:5%，MgO:1.0%，Fe2O3:1.2% 。
Further, the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel slab obtained in the step S5 comprises the following components: c: 0.14 to 0.20%, Si: 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Fe, 21.5 to 24.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.016 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of S, 1.50 to 2.00 percent of Al, 0.04 to 0.10 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the AOD converter only executes decarburization treatment without manganese alloying, so that the addition of electrolytic manganese cold burden in the AOD smelting process is reduced, the temperature in the smelting process is ensured, and the addition of temperature-rising aluminum is reduced. In addition, electrolytic manganese is not added, so that the low manganese oxide content in slag in the decarburization process is ensured, the decarburization efficiency is improved, and the smelting period is shortened;
2. the invention adopts the intermediate frequency furnace to melt the electrolytic manganese, thereby improving the yield of the manganese;
3. the AOD converter adopts full aluminum reduction, and aluminum particles are added for deep deoxidation after AOD reduction, so that the full oxygen content is reduced, and the purity of molten steel is improved;
4. the invention completes the alloying of aluminum in the AOD converter, reduces the operations of adding aluminum ingots and feeding aluminum wires in LF, reduces the labor intensity and optimizes the production process.
5. The invention adopts the AOD converter to blow argon in the whole process, thereby ensuring the low N content in the molten steel and avoiding the generation of AlN inclusions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the smelting method of the high-manganese non-magnetic steel, taking steel grade 20Mn23AlV as an example, comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out dephosphorization treatment on the molten iron from the blast furnace by using a dephosphorization converter, wherein the chemical components of the treated molten iron are as follows by mass: c: 2.5%, Si: 0.10%, Mn:0.10%, P: 0.016 percent, 0.04 percent of S and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
s2, smelting in an AOD converter, namely adding the molten iron treated in the step S1 into the AOD converter for decarburization and reduction, wherein the adding amount is 88 t; in the decarbonization stage, top oxygen blowing is adopted, oxygen and argon mixed gas is blown laterally so as to accelerate the decarbonization rate, and when the carbon content reaches a critical point, the oxygen flow is gradually reduced, and the argon flow is increased; and (3) entering a reduction stage after the carbon content reaches a target value, introducing argon into a tuyere at the side part of the furnace bottom, adding aluminum particles through a furnace top bin for deep deoxidation, then adding ferrovanadium for vanadium alloying, controlling the alkalinity of the furnace slag to be 2.3, and performing AOD treatment on molten steel to obtain the following components: c: 0.14%, Si: 0.10%, Mn:0.10%, P: 0.016 percent, 0.002 percent of S, 1.70 percent of Al, 0.05 percent of V and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities;
s3, carrying out ladle transfer treatment, namely tapping molten iron treated by the S2 into a ladle, wherein the tapping temperature is 1600 ℃, then hoisting the ladle filled with the molten iron to a slag skimming station for skimming, ensuring that the thickness of a slag layer on the liquid surface is 50mm, then adding electrolytic manganese melted by an intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the Mn content of the electrolytic manganese is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the adding amount of the electrolytic manganese is as follows: 280kg/t steel.
And S4, LF refining, namely hoisting the molten iron mixed with the electrolytic manganese in the step S3 to LF for refining treatment, adding 13kg/t steel refining slag and 10kg/t steel lime into an overhead bunker, and heating for 10 minutes for slagging. After slagging, feeding a 50m calcium wire, and then weakly blowing for 30 minutes for overhead casting.
The refining slag comprises the following main components: 54% of CaO and Al2O3:32.0%，SiO2:5%，MgO:1.0%，Fe2O31.2 percent. The purpose of adding refining slag for slagging is to reduce the burning loss of aluminum in the furnace and improve the yield of aluminum.
S5, continuous casting, namely, hoisting the refined molten steel in the step S4 to a continuous casting platform for casting to obtain a high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank; the tundish temperature is 1440 ℃, and the casting pulling speed is 0.7 m/min. The components of the obtained high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank are as follows: c: 0.14%, Si: 0.15%, Mn:24.0%, P: 0.016%, S0.002%, Al 1.50%, V0.04%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Example 2
As shown in figure 1, the smelting method of the high-manganese non-magnetic steel, taking steel grade 20Mn23AlV as an example, comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out dephosphorization treatment on the molten iron from the blast furnace by using a dephosphorization converter, wherein the chemical components of the treated molten iron are as follows by mass: c: 3.7%, Si: 0.07%, Mn:0.20%, P: 0.013% of S, 0.06% of Fe and the balance of inevitable impurities;
s2, smelting in an AOD converter, namely adding the molten iron treated in the step S1 into the AOD converter for decarburization and reduction, wherein the adding amount is 92 t; in the decarbonization stage, top oxygen blowing is adopted, oxygen and argon mixed gas is blown laterally so as to accelerate the decarbonization rate, and when the carbon content reaches a critical point, the oxygen flow is gradually reduced, and the argon flow is increased; and (3) entering a reduction stage after the carbon content reaches a target value, introducing argon into a tuyere at the side part of the furnace bottom, adding aluminum particles through a furnace top bin for deep deoxidation, then adding ferrovanadium for vanadium alloying, controlling the alkalinity of the furnace slag to be 2.8, and performing AOD treatment on molten steel to obtain the following components: c: 0.20%, Si: 0.20%, Mn:0.20%, P: 0.013%, 0.001% of S, 2.20% of Al, 0.10% of V and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
S3, ladle transfer treatment, namely tapping molten steel treated by the S2 into a ladle, wherein the tapping temperature is 1650 ℃, then hoisting the ladle filled with the molten iron to a slag skimming station for skimming, ensuring that the thickness of a slag layer on the liquid surface after skimming is 45mm, then adding electrolytic manganese melted by an intermediate frequency furnace, wherein the Mn content of the electrolytic manganese is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the adding amount of the electrolytic manganese is as follows: 250kg/t steel.
And S4, LF refining, namely hoisting the molten steel mixed with the electrolytic manganese in the step S3 to LF for refining treatment, adding 11 kg/t of steel refining slag and 9 kg/t of steel lime into a high-level bunker, and heating for 10 minutes for slagging. After slagging, feeding a 50m calcium wire, and then weakly blowing for 30 minutes for overhead casting.
The refining slag comprises the following main components: 54% of CaO and Al2O3:32.0%，SiO2:5%，MgO:1.0%，Fe2O31.2 percent. The purpose of adding refining slag for slagging is to reduce the burning loss of aluminum in the furnace and improve the yield of aluminum.
S5, continuous casting, namely, hoisting the refined molten steel in the step S4 to a continuous casting platform for casting to obtain a high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank; the tundish temperature is 1460 ℃, and the casting speed is 0.9 m/min. The components of the obtained high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank are as follows: c: 0.20%, Si: 0.30%, Mn:21.5%, P: 0.013%, 0.0013% of S, 2.20% of Al, 0.10% of V and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, the smelting method of the high-manganese non-magnetic steel, taking steel grade 20Mn23AlV as an example, comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out dephosphorization treatment on the molten iron from the blast furnace by using a dephosphorization converter, wherein the chemical components of the treated molten iron are as follows by mass: c: 3.0%, Si: 0.05%, Mn:0.15%, P: 0.010 percent of S, 0.05 percent of S and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
s2, smelting in an AOD converter, namely adding the molten iron treated in the step S1 into the AOD converter for decarburization and reduction, wherein the adding amount is 90 t; in the decarbonization stage, top oxygen blowing is adopted, oxygen and argon mixed gas is blown laterally so as to accelerate the decarbonization rate, and when the carbon content reaches a critical point, the oxygen flow is gradually reduced, and the argon flow is increased; and (3) entering a reduction stage after the carbon content reaches a target value, introducing argon into a tuyere at the side part of the furnace bottom, adding aluminum particles through a furnace top bin for deep deoxidation, then adding ferrovanadium for vanadium alloying, controlling the alkalinity of the furnace slag to be 2.6, and performing AOD treatment on molten steel to obtain the following components: c: 0.16%, Si: 0.15%, Mn:0.15%, P: 0.010 percent of the total weight of the alloy, 0.0015 percent of S, 1.70 percent of Al, 0.07 percent of V and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
S3, steel ladle transferring treatment, namely tapping the molten steel treated by the S2 to a steel ladle, wherein the tapping temperature is 1620 ℃, then hoisting the steel ladle filled with the molten iron to a slag skimming station for skimming, adding electrolytic manganese melted by an intermediate frequency furnace after the slag skimming is clean, wherein the electrolytic manganese Mn is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the adding amount of the electrolytic manganese is as follows: 260kg/t steel.
And S4, LF refining, namely hoisting the molten steel mixed with the electrolytic manganese in the step S3 to LF for refining treatment, adding 12 kg/t of steel refining slag and 9.6 kg/t of steel lime into an overhead bunker, and heating for 10 minutes for slagging. After slagging, feeding a 50m calcium wire, and then weakly blowing for 30 minutes for overhead casting.
The refining slag comprises the following main components: 54% of CaO and Al2O3:32.0%，SiO2:5%，MgO:1.0%，Fe2O31.2 percent. The purpose of adding refining slag for slagging is to reduce the burning loss of aluminum in the furnace and improve the yield of aluminum.
S5, continuous casting, namely hoisting the molten steel refined in the step S4 to a continuous casting platform for casting to obtain a high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank; the tundish temperature is 1480 ℃, and the casting speed is 1.0 m/min. The components of the obtained high-manganese non-magnetic steel plate blank are as follows: c: 0.18%, Si: 0.21%, Mn:22.4%, P: 0.010 percent of S, 0.0012 percent of Al, 1.60 percent of V, 0.06 percent of V and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
Claims (4)
1. A smelting method of high-manganese non-magnetic steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, carrying out dephosphorization treatment on the molten iron from the blast furnace by using a dephosphorization converter, wherein the chemical components of the treated molten iron are as follows by mass: c: 2.5-3.7%, Si: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Mn is 0.10 to 0.20 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.016 percent, S is 0.04 to 0.06 percent, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities;
and S2, smelting in an AOD converter, namely decarbonizing and reducing the molten iron treated by the S1 by using the AOD converter, wherein the alkalinity of slag in a reduction stage is controlled to be 2.3-2.8, adding aluminum particles for deep deoxidation, adding ferrovanadium for vanadium alloying, and the molten iron treated by the AOD converter comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.14 to 0.20%, Si: 0.10-0.20%, Mn 0.10-0.20%, P: less than or equal to 0.016 percent, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of S, 1.70-2.20 percent of Al, 0.05-0.10 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
s3, ladle transfer treatment, namely tapping the molten iron treated by the S2 to a ladle, wherein the tapping temperature is 1600-: 250-280 kg/t steel;
s4, LF refining, namely hoisting the molten iron mixed with the electrolytic manganese in the step S3 to an LF furnace for refining, adding 11-13 kg/t of steel refining slag and 9-10 kg/t of steel lime, heating for 10-20 minutes for slagging, feeding into a 50m calcium wire after slagging, introducing argon for weak blowing for 30 minutes, and entering the next procedure;
s5: and (3) continuous casting, namely hoisting the molten iron refined by S4 to a continuous casting platform for casting to obtain the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel plate blank, wherein the tundish temperature is 1440-1480 ℃, and the casting drawing speed is 0.7-1.0 m/min.
2. The method for smelting the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel according to claim 1, wherein the Mn of the electrolytic manganese in S3 is more than or equal to 99.9%.
3. The method for smelting the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel according to claim 1, wherein the refining slag in S4 mainly comprises the following components: 54% of CaO and Al2O3:32.0%，SiO2:5%，MgO:1.0%，Fe2O3:1.2% 。
4. The method for smelting the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel according to claim 1, wherein the components of the high-manganese nonmagnetic steel slab obtained in S5 are as follows: c: 0.14 to 0.20%, Si: 0.15 to 0.30 percent of Fe, 21.5 to 24.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.016 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of S, 1.50 to 2.00 percent of Al, 0.04 to 0.10 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
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| CN106811570A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of middle carbon high manganese steel |
| CN107541585A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-01-05 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | The method of refining of stainless steel |
| CN111763802A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-13 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for smelting 20Mn23AlV non-magnetic steel by AOD converter |
| CN112831715A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method of ultrahigh manganese steel containing rare earth and having ultrahigh purity |
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