CN114424712A - Rapid breeding method for roxburgh rose in North China - Google Patents
Rapid breeding method for roxburgh rose in North China Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid breeding method of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China, belonging to the technical field of vegetative propagation of plants. The rapid breeding method of rosa roxburghii tratt in the north China comprises the following steps: carrying out roxburgh rose introduction from south of Huanghuai line, transplanting to north China, continuously overwintering after cold-resistant domestication, and screening out cold-resistant roxburgh rose which has strong cold resistance and can overwinter in north China; selecting cutting slips before the cold-resistant roxburgh rose is dormant, soaking in rooting powder solution, infecting agrobacterium rhizogenes and then carrying out cutting management. The cuttage mode of the invention has the advantages of high survival rate, quick germination and rooting, easy management and protection, suitability for northern China, and the like, and the rosa roxburghii tratt can safely overwinter in the northern China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetative propagation of plants, and particularly relates to a rapid propagation method of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China.
Background
Rosa roxburghii Tratt, belonging to Rosaceae, has been widely used as an edible and medicinal resource in Asian countries. Due to the abundant vitamin C content and unique flavor, the product can be used for producing various beverages, jam and canned food. The fruit contains various bioactive components such as organic acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides and triterpenes, and the fruit juice is consumed as a delicious beverage and herbal tea in folks and has the functions of invigorating spleen, treating diarrhea and clearing summer heat. Is suitable for people with hypertension, hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia or inappetence; in addition, Roxburgh rose root decoction is recorded in Bencao gang mu to treat diarrhea, stomachache, chronic gastritis and acute enteritis of human and livestock; the leaf can be used for making Chinese tea and is effective in treating dyspepsia.
Rosa roxburghii Tratt is widely distributed in the subtropical areas of China, such as Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangxi, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Tibet and the like, and is also seen in Japan. In China, particularly Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Hunan, the distribution area is large, and the yield is high. The Aoqin and the like research the climate suitability of the rosa roxburghii tratt in Guizhou, and the like observe sample points to obtain that the optimal growth area of the rosa roxburghii tratt is good in regional heat condition and good in humidity condition, the altitude is between 800 and 1600m, the mean temperature is 18.0-21.0 ℃ in 5-8 months, the mean temperature is 19.5-23.5 ℃ in 7 months, the climate is mild, the rainwater is sufficient, and the climate in summer is warm; early drought easily occurs in the suitable growing area, and the growth and development of the rosa roxburghii tratt fruits are limited; in the secondary habitats, insufficient heat, less rainfall and over-high temperature are not beneficial to the growth and development of the rosa roxburghii tratt. It can be seen that temperature and precipitation are the main causes affecting the growth of rosa roxburghii tratt. The growth speed of the roxburgh rose is slow, particularly in North China with less rainfall and colder climate, so that a large number of roxburgh rose seedlings can be quickly obtained by breeding the roxburgh rose in a cutting seedling raising mode. However, the traditional roxburgh rose cuttage mode used in northern China easily causes phenomena of roxburgh rose seedling death, root rot and the like, the survival rate is low, and the vegetative propagation of roxburgh rose is hindered. Therefore, the roxburgh rose cuttage method is provided to overcome the restriction factors such as adverse climatic conditions and the like in North China, and is an important technical means for ensuring the cuttage rooting rate of roxburgh rose and the safe overwintering of cuttage seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a rapid breeding method for rosa roxburghii tratt in north China, which improves the overwintering survival rate of rosa roxburghii tratt seedlings in north China to more than 95% through cold acclimation, rooting solution treatment, agrobacterium rhizogenes inoculation and cuttage management.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a rapid breeding method of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in North China comprises introducing Rosa roxburghii Tratt from south of Huang-Huai line, transplanting to North China, performing cold-resistant domestication, continuously overwintering, and screening out cold-resistant Rosa roxburghii Tratt with strong cold resistance and capable of overwintering in North China; selecting cutting slips before the cold-resistant roxburgh rose is dormant, soaking in rooting powder solution, infecting agrobacterium rhizogenes and then carrying out cutting management.
Preferably, the cold-resistant acclimatization comprises the steps of transplanting the roxburgh rose plants to the north China area in spring, carrying out cold acclimatization on the roxburgh rose plants by using the weather with the daily average temperature of less than 10 ℃ in the north China area in winter, and screening the plants capable of continuously overwintering as the cold-resistant roxburgh rose plants.
Preferably, the cutting is a current-year semi-lignified branch or a tender branch.
Preferably, the cutting is 2-6cm short branches, the morphological upper end of the cutting is horizontally cut close to the bud point, and the morphological lower end of the cutting is obliquely cut close to the bud point.
Preferably, the rooting powder soaking solution is used for soaking the base part of the cutting shoot in the rooting powder solution for 2-4 h.
More preferably, the rooting powder solution is ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 0.08-0.12 g/L.
Preferably, the agrobacterium rhizogenes is agrobacterium rhizogenes K599.
Preferably, the cutting wood cutting substrate is coarse sand or perlite, vermiculite and nutrient soil which are mixed in equal volume.
Preferably, the cutting depth of the cutting slips is 1-2cm, and bud points are exposed outside.
Preferably, the cutting management is that the cutting slips are covered with a transparent cover and are cultured in an environment with the temperature of 15-25 ℃ and the air humidity of 35-55%, and the water content of the cutting matrix is kept at 30-60%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a rapid breeding method of rosa roxburghii tratt in North China, which screens cold-resistant plants through continuous overwintering by introducing and domesticating, and improves the cold resistance of a rosa roxburghii tratt cutting stock plant; the cutting slips are selected before the cold-resistant roxburgh rose dormancy, the branches are fully developed and simultaneously have less rooting inhibiting substances, the cutting slips are further treated by using rooting powder solution and agrobacterium rhizogenes, roxburgh rose seedlings can be quickly obtained in the north China, the cuttage survival rate of the roxburgh rose is greatly increased, the rooting time of the roxburgh rose cutting slips is shortened, the cuttage seedlings can well survive after being transplanted to the outdoors in the north China, and the survival rate exceeds 95%.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention is a basic flow pattern diagram.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a rapid breeding method of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China, which is characterized in that the rosa roxburghii tratt is introduced from south of Huanghuai line, transplanted to north China to be subjected to cold-resistant domestication and then continuously overwinter, and the cold-resistant rosa roxburghii tratt which has strong cold resistance and can overwinter in north China is screened out; selecting cutting slips before the cold-resistant roxburgh rose is dormant, soaking in rooting powder solution, infecting agrobacterium rhizogenes and then carrying out cutting management. The dormant branches and branches are developed fully, a large amount of nutrient substances are accumulated, the generation of adventitious roots is facilitated, but the dormant branches and branches also contain a large amount of rooting inhibiting substances and have low content of endogenous auxin. According to the method, the cutting slips are selected before the cold-resistant roxburgh rose dormancy, and the rooting solution treatment and the agrobacterium rhizogenes infection are adopted, so that the roxburgh rose cuttage survival rate is increased, and the roxburgh rose cutting slip rooting time is shortened.
The cold-resistant acclimatization method is characterized in that after the roxburgh rose plants are transplanted to the north China area in spring, the roxburgh rose plants are subjected to cold acclimatization in the weather with the daily average temperature of less than 10 ℃ in the north China area in winter, and the plants capable of continuously overwintering are screened as the cold-resistant roxburgh rose plants. The cultivation management after transplanting is not particularly limited, and the conventional cultivation management method in the field is adopted. In the north China (such as Beijing Chang plain areas and the like), the precipitation is less, the climate is cooler, and the growth and development of the roxburgh rose are limited.
The invention preferably selects the current-year semi-lignified branch or twig; further preferably selecting a stock plant with an excellent growth state, and selecting a current-year branch which grows robustly on the stock plant for pruning to obtain a cutting; more preferably, the cut branches are branches with 2-4 leaves or branches without leaves. The lignification degree of the cutting slips is an important factor influencing the cuttage survival rate of the roxburgh rose, and the cutting slips are cut by using the annual semi-lignified branches or tender branches of the cold-resistant mother plant of the roxburgh rose, so that the cuttage survival rate of the roxburgh rose in the North China is ensured.
The invention preferably selects 2-6cm short branches as cutting shoots, the morphological upper end is flat sheared at the position close to the bud point, and the morphological lower end is oblique sheared at the position close to the bud point; more preferably, the length of the cutting is 5 cm.
The preferable solution for soaking the rooting powder is to soak the base part of the cutting shoot in the rooting powder solution for 2-4 h; further preferably for 3 hours. The preferable rooting powder solution is ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 0.08-0.12 g/L; further preferably, the concentration is 0.10 g/L. As an implementation mode, the effective components of the ABT rooting powder solution comprise 30% of indoleacetic acid and 20% of naphthylacetic acid.
The preferable strain infecting agrobacterium rhizogenes is agrobacterium rhizogenes K599. Further preferred modes of infestation include: and sucking the activated agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 bacterial liquid wound infection cutting base by using a disposable syringe. More preferably, Agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 is activated by: the agrobacterium rhizogenes is preserved in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ and activated by a liquid culture medium; the liquid culture medium is as follows: pouring 1g peptone, 1g yeast extract and 0.5g sodium chloride into 100ml water, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15min, adding 5-10mg Kanamycin (Kanamycin) and 5-10mg Rifampicin (Rifamicin); after the Agrobacterium rhizogenes was thawed by taking it out of the refrigerator, 200. mu.l of the bacterial liquid was added to 20ml of the liquid medium and cultured for 24 hours at 28 ℃ on a 150r shaker. The agrobacterium rhizogenes is a gram-negative aerobic soil bacterium of agrobacterium of rhizobiaceae, is rod-shaped, has flagella, can infect most dicotyledonous plants, a few monocotyledonous plants and individual gymnosperms, and can promote the cutting slips to generate adventitious roots which grow rapidly after the agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 infects the cutting slips of rosa roxburghii.
In the invention, the preferable cutting ground substance of the cutting shoot is coarse sand or perlite, vermiculite and nutrient soil which are mixed in equal volume; further preferably, the cuttage matrix is mixed before cuttage, water is added into the tray, and the cuttage matrix naturally absorbs water to be wetted to the water content of 30-60%; more preferably, the water content is 45%.
The cutting depth of the short-branch cutting slips after the optimized treatment is 1-2cm, and the bud points are exposed outside.
According to the method, after cutting, the substrate around the cutting slips is slightly pressed, a transparent cover is covered above the cutting slips, the cutting slips are placed in an environment with the temperature of 15-25 ℃ and the air humidity of 35-55% for culture, and the water content of the cutting substrate is kept at 30-60%. Further preferably, the cutting temperature is 20 ℃, the air humidity is 45%, and the water content of the substrate is 45%. As an implementation mode, the moisture content of the substrate is continuously monitored, and water is added to the substrate in time to meet the moisture requirement of the cuttings.
The invention also comprises transplanting the cutting new root growing to 3-5 cm; further preferably transplanting when the new root grows to 4 cm.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A rapid breeding method of Rosa roxburghii in North China comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out roxburgh rose introduction from south of Huanghuai line, transplanting to north China, continuously overwintering after cold-resistant domestication, and screening out plants which have strong cold resistance and can overwinter in the north China; the cold-resistant acclimatization is that after the roxburgh rose plants are transplanted to the north China in spring, the roxburgh rose plants are subjected to cold acclimation in the weather with the daily average temperature of less than 10 ℃ in the north China in winter, and the plants capable of continuously overwintering are screened as the cold-resistant roxburgh rose plants;
(2) before winter dormancy of cold-resistant roxburgh rose planted in North China, selecting a stock plant with an excellent growth state, selecting strong and semi-lignified branches growing on the stock plant, pruning, and cutting off 3 leaves of small branches;
(3) scissoring 5cm short branches per section from the stock plant, and horizontally scissoring the upper end of the short branches morphologically close to the bud point; obliquely shearing the part of the lower morphological end, which is close to the bud point;
(4) activating agrobacterium rhizogenes K599; the agrobacterium rhizogenes is preserved in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ and activated by a liquid culture medium; the liquid culture medium is as follows: pouring 1g of peptone, 1g of yeast extract and 0.5g of sodium chloride into 100ml of water, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15min at high temperature, and adding thereto 8mg of Kanamycin (Kanamycin) and 8mg of rifampin (Rifampicin); after the agrobacterium rhizogenes is taken out from a refrigerator and unfrozen, 200ul of bacterial liquid is absorbed and added into 20ml of liquid culture medium, and the liquid culture medium is cultured for 24 hours at 28 ℃ and 150r by a shaking table;
(5) soaking the base of the short branch to be cut in ABT rooting powder solution for 3 hours;
(6) absorbing the wound infection cutting base of the activated agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 bacterial liquid by using a disposable syringe;
(7) preparing cutting matrix coarse sand before cutting, and adding water into the matrix to enable the cutting matrix to naturally absorb water and wet to the water content of 45%;
(8) inserting the treated short branches into a pot, so that the lower parts of the short branches are inserted into the matrix for 1.5cm, and the bud points are exposed outside;
(9) slightly pressing the substrate around the cutting slips after cutting, then covering a transparent cover on a pot, and culturing in an environment with the air temperature of 20 ℃ and the air humidity of 45 percent to keep the water content of the cutting substrate at 45 percent;
(10) transplanting after the new root of the cutting grows to 4 cm.
Example 2
A rapid breeding method of Rosa roxburghii in North China comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out roxburgh rose introduction from south of Huanghuai line, transplanting to north China, continuously overwintering after cold-resistant domestication, and screening out plants which have strong cold resistance and can overwinter in the north China; the cold-resistant acclimatization is that after the roxburgh rose plants are transplanted to the north China in spring, the roxburgh rose plants are subjected to cold acclimation in the weather with the daily average temperature of less than 10 ℃ in the north China in winter, and the plants capable of continuously overwintering are screened as the cold-resistant roxburgh rose plants;
(2) before winter dormancy of cold-resistant roxburgh rose planted in North China, selecting a stock plant with an excellent growth state, selecting strong and semi-lignified branches growing on the stock plant for pruning, wherein the cut small branches do not have leaves;
(3) 2cm short branches are cut from the stock plant, and the upper end of the short branches is horizontally cut close to the bud point; obliquely shearing the part of the lower morphological end, which is close to the bud point;
(4) activating agrobacterium rhizogenes K599; the agrobacterium rhizogenes is preserved in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ and activated by a liquid culture medium; the liquid culture medium is as follows: pouring 1g peptone, 1g yeast extract and 0.5g sodium chloride into 100ml water, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15min, and adding 5mg Kanamycin (Kanamycin) and 5mg Rifampicin (Rifamicin); after the agrobacterium rhizogenes is taken out from a refrigerator and unfrozen, 200ul of bacterial liquid is absorbed and added into 20ml of liquid culture medium, and the liquid culture medium is cultured for 24 hours at 28 ℃ and 150r by a shaking table;
(5) soaking the base of the short branch to be cut in the ABT rooting powder solution for 2 h;
(6) absorbing the wound infection cutting base of the activated agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 bacterial liquid by using a disposable syringe;
(7) preparing a cuttage matrix, perlite, vermiculite and nutrient soil which are mixed in an equal volume manner, and adding water into the matrix before cuttage, so that the cuttage matrix naturally absorbs water and is wetted to the water content of 30%;
(8) inserting the treated short branches into a pot, so that the lower parts of the short branches are inserted into the matrix for 1cm, and the bud points are exposed outside;
(9) slightly pressing the substrate around the cutting slips after cutting, then covering a transparent cover on a pot, and culturing in an environment with air temperature of 15 ℃ and air humidity of 35% to keep the water content of the cutting substrate at 30%;
(10) transplanting the cutting when the new root grows to 3 cm.
Example 3
A rapid breeding method of roxburgh rose in North China comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out roxburgh rose introduction from south of Huanghuai line, transplanting to north China, continuously overwintering after cold-resistant domestication, and screening out plants which have strong cold resistance and can overwinter in the north China; the cold-resistant acclimatization is that after the roxburgh rose plants are transplanted to the north China in spring, the roxburgh rose plants are subjected to cold acclimation in the weather with the daily average temperature of less than 10 ℃ in the north China in winter, and the plants capable of continuously overwintering are screened as the cold-resistant roxburgh rose plants;
(2) before winter dormancy of cold-resistant roxburgh rose planted in North China, selecting a stock plant with an excellent growth state, selecting strong and tender branches growing on the stock plant, pruning, and pruning 4 leaves of the pruned small branches;
(3) cutting short branches with the length of 6cm from the stock plant, and horizontally cutting the upper end of the short branches, which is close to the bud point; obliquely shearing the lower morphological end close to the bud point;
(4) activating agrobacterium rhizogenes K599; the agrobacterium rhizogenes is preserved in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ and activated by a liquid culture medium; the liquid culture medium is as follows: pouring 1g peptone, 1g yeast extract and 0.5g sodium chloride into 100ml water, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15min, adding 10mg Kanamycin (Kanamycin) and 10mg Rifampicin (Rifamicin); after the agrobacterium rhizogenes is taken out from a refrigerator and unfrozen, 200ul of bacterial liquid is absorbed and added into 20ml of liquid culture medium, and the liquid culture medium is cultured for 24 hours at 28 ℃ and 150r by a shaking table;
(5) soaking the base of the short branch to be cut in ABT rooting powder solution for 4 hours;
(6) absorbing the wound infection cutting base of the activated agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 bacterial liquid by using a disposable syringe;
(7) preparing cutting matrix coarse sand before cutting, and adding water into the matrix to make the cutting matrix naturally absorb water and wet to water content of 60%;
(8) inserting the treated short branches into a pot, so that the lower parts of the short branches are inserted into the matrix for 2cm, and the bud points are exposed outside;
(9) slightly pressing the substrate around the cutting slips after cutting, then covering a transparent cover on a pot, and culturing in an environment with the air temperature of 25 ℃ and the air humidity of 55 percent to keep the water content of the cutting substrate to be 60 percent;
(10) transplanting the cutting when the new root grows to 5 cm.
Example 4
Influence of cold-resistant domestication on overwintering survival rate of roxburgh rose cutting seedlings
And selecting the roxburgh rose plants which are subjected to cold resistance domestication and are not subjected to cold resistance domestication and have similar growth vigor, carrying out cuttage on the roxburgh rose plants according to the method in the embodiment 1, and observing the influence of the cold resistance domestication on the rooting rate and the overwintering survival rate of the roxburgh rose plants.
The results show that the rooting rate of the rosa roxburghii tratt plant which is not subjected to the cold-resistant domestication after cuttage is the same as that of the rosa roxburghii tratt plant which is subjected to the cold-resistant domestication, but the overwintering survival rate of the cuttage seedlings is only 10%, and the overwintering survival rate of the cuttage seedlings of the rosa roxburghii tratt is 95%.
Example 5
Selecting semi-lignified branches and twigs with leaves and without leaves and with development degrees, setting mixed matrixes and coarse sand in equal proportion as cuttage matrixes, performing a cuttage contrast test according to the cuttage method in the embodiment 1, counting rooting rates, comparing influences of different conditions on the cuttage rooting rate of the roxburgh roses, and obtaining results shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different cuttings and substrates on the rooting rate of roxburgh rose cuttage
According to the table 1, the rooting rate of the rosa roxburghii tratt cuttage is influenced by whether the branches are provided with leaves, the matrix components and the development degree of the branches, and the rooting rate is represented as follows: the branches are provided with leaves, the mixed matrix in equal proportion is larger than coarse sand, the semi-lignified branches are larger than tender branches, the branches are provided with leaves, the matrix in equal proportion is mixed, the semi-lignified branches are used as cutting slips, the cutting survival rate is the highest and reaches 91%, and the cutting method is obviously superior to other cutting treatment.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rapid breeding method of Rosa roxburghii in North China is characterized in that Rosa roxburghii is introduced from south of Huanghuai line, transplanted to North China for continuous overwintering after cold-resistant domestication, and cold-resistant Rosa roxburghii which has strong cold resistance and can overwinter in North China is screened out; selecting cutting slips before the cold-resistant roxburgh rose is dormant, soaking in rooting powder solution, infecting agrobacterium rhizogenes and then carrying out cutting management.
2. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the cold-resistant acclimatization comprises transplanting rosa roxburghii tratt plants to north China in spring, performing cold acclimatization on the rosa roxburghii tratt plants in north China in the weather that the average temperature of the rosa roxburghii tratt plants in winter is less than 10 ℃, and screening plants capable of continuously overwintering as the cold-resistant rosa roxburghii tratt plants.
3. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the cutting shoot is a current-year semi-lignified branch or a tender branch.
4. The rapid propagation method of Rosa roxburghii in North China according to claim 1, wherein the cutting is 2-6cm short shoot, the morphological upper end is near the bud point and cut horizontally, and the morphological lower end is near the bud point and cut obliquely.
5. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the step of soaking the rooting powder solution is to soak the base of the cutting shoot in the rooting powder solution for 2-4 h.
6. The method for rapid propagation of Rosa roxburghii Tratt in North China according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the rooting powder solution is ABT rooting powder solution with concentration of 0.08-0.12 g/L.
7. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the agrobacterium rhizogenes is agrobacterium rhizogenes K599.
8. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the cutting medium of the cutting slips is coarse sand or perlite, vermiculite and nutrient soil which are mixed in equal volume.
9. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the cutting depth of the cutting shoot is 1-2cm, and the bud point is exposed outside.
10. The method for rapid propagation of rosa roxburghii tratt in north China according to claim 1, wherein the cutting management is that cutting slips are covered with transparent covers and are cultured in an environment with the temperature of 15-25 ℃ and the air humidity of 35-55%, and the water content of a cutting medium is kept at 30-60%.
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