CN114423893A - Fire-resistant cloth and seat - Google Patents

Fire-resistant cloth and seat Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114423893A
CN114423893A CN202080066303.7A CN202080066303A CN114423893A CN 114423893 A CN114423893 A CN 114423893A CN 202080066303 A CN202080066303 A CN 202080066303A CN 114423893 A CN114423893 A CN 114423893A
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China
Prior art keywords
flame
fiber
fabric
jis
seat
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CN202080066303.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田村笃男
西田浩嗣
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Ltd
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/22—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with both fibrous and foamed material inlays
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/001—Fireproof means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

Abstract

The invention provides a flame-retardant fabric and a seat excellent in flame retardancy, strength, comfort and moldability, and the flame-retardant fabric and the seat are provided with flame-retardant fibers having an LOI of 26 or more according to JIS L1091(1999) E-2 method, and obtained is a flame-retardant fabric having a stiffness of 95mm or less in the warp direction or weft direction as defined in JIS L1096 (2010) A method (45 DEG cantilever method).

Description

Fire-resistant cloth and seat
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a flame-retardant fabric and a seat excellent in flame retardancy, flame resistance, strength, comfort and moldability.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of lifestyle, heat resistance and flame retardancy have been required for furniture, bedding, particularly beds in nursing homes and hospitals, and seat cushions for various transportation facilities. Particularly, in the case of a seat cushion for an aircraft, it is most important to guard precious life from flames and the like, and therefore, extremely strict flame-retardant standards are stipulated in accordance with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) standards in the united states.
Conventionally, such a mat is generally formed by bonding a Fire-resistant cloth called FBL (Fire Blocking Layer) to an elastic material such as polyurethane. As such a flame-resistant fabric, for example, patent document 1 proposes a nonwoven fabric using flame-resistant fibers.
However, such nonwoven fabrics have problems of hardness, uncomfortable sitting feeling, and difficulty in sitting for a long time.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: international publication No. 1994/003393 pamphlet
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a flame-resistant cloth and a seat excellent in flame retardancy, flame resistance, strength, comfort and moldability.
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that a flame-retardant fabric excellent in flame retardancy, flame resistance, strength, comfort and moldability can be obtained by skillfully designing the type of fiber, fabric structure and the like constituting the flame-retardant fabric, and have completed the present invention by further repeating intensive studies.
Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided "a flameproof fabric characterized by containing a flameproof fiber having an LOI of 26 or more according to JIS L1091(1999) E-2 method, and having a stiffness of 95mm or less in the warp direction or the weft direction as specified in JIS L1096 (2010) a method (45 ° cantilever method)".
In this case, the flame-resistant cloth preferably has a circular knit structure. Preferably, the flame-resistant fabric is a double-faced knitted fabric. The flame-retardant fiber preferably includes a meta-aramid fiber, a para-aramid fiber, and/or an oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber.
In addition, in the flame-resistant cloth of the present invention, the basis weight is preferably 400g/m2The following. Further, the air permeability is preferably 90cm3/cm2Sec or more. It is preferable that the elongation is 8% or more under the conditions of a reticle pitch of 200mm and a constant load of 4.9N according to JIS 1096(2010) D method (constant load method) slitting measurement method, and that the slitting measurement is performed according to JIS L1096 (2010) E method (constant load method)The tensile modulus was 70% or more under the condition of a constant load of 0.89N and a repeated load of 1 time. Further, the breaking strength is preferably 1000kPa or more in accordance with JIS L1096 (2010) method A (Marlon method).
Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a seat in which the above-described fire-resistant cloth is sandwiched between a fabric and a cushion material. In this case, the flame-resistant cloth is preferably sewn to the fabric. In addition, the seat is preferably used for an airplane, a vehicle, a train, a ship, a hospital, an old people's home, a theater, or interior decoration.
According to the present invention, a flame-resistant cloth and a seat excellent in flame retardancy, flame resistance, strength, comfort and moldability can be obtained.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The flame-retardant fiber used in the present invention has an LOI of 26 or more according to JIS L1091(1999) E-2 method.
Examples of the flame-retardant fiber include wholly aromatic polyamide fibers such as meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers (meta-aramid fibers) and para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers (para-aramid fibers), polybenzimidazole fibers, polyimide fibers, polyamideimide fibers, polyetherimide fibers, polyarylate fibers, and poly (p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole) (pbga)
Figure BDA0003558179280000021
Azole fiber, phenol fiber (novoloid fiber), flame retardant acrylic fiber, polekel polyvinyl alcohol fiber, flame retardant polyester fiber, flame retardant cotton fiber, flame retardant rayon fiber, flame retardant vinylon fiber, flame retardant wool fiber, and the like are used singly or in combination.
Further, the flame-retardant fiber preferably has a melting point of 300 ℃ or higher. Examples of such fibers include wholly aromatic polyamide fibers (meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers and para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers), polybenzimidazole fibers, polyimide fibers, polyamideimide fibers, and oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers.
These flame-retardant fibers may contain additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, heat stabilizers, flame retardants, titanium oxide, colorants, inactive fine particles, and the like, within a range not to impair the object of the present invention.
In particular, the flame-retardant fiber preferably has an LOI of 26 or more and a melting point of 400 ℃ or more. Examples of such fibers include wholly aromatic polyamide fibers (meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers or para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fibers).
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is a fiber comprising a polymer in which 85 mol% or more of the repeating units are isophthalamide. The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide may be a copolymer containing the third component in an amount of less than 15 mol%.
Such a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide can be produced by a known interfacial polymerization method, and the polymer preferably has a polymerization degree in the range of 1.3 to 1.9dl/g as measured with an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution having a concentration of 0.5g/100 ml.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide may contain alkylbenzenesulfonic acid
Figure BDA0003558179280000031
And (3) salt. Alkyl benzene sulfonic acid
Figure BDA0003558179280000032
Examples of salts are tetrabutyl hexylbenzenesulfonate
Figure BDA0003558179280000033
Salt, tributylbenzyl hexylbenzenesulfonate
Figure BDA0003558179280000034
Salt, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid tetraphenyl
Figure BDA0003558179280000035
Salt, tributyltetradecyl dodecylbenzene sulfonate
Figure BDA0003558179280000036
Salt, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid tetrabutyl
Figure BDA0003558179280000037
Salts, tributyl benzyl ammonium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and the like. Wherein, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid tetrabutyl
Figure BDA0003558179280000038
Salts and tributylbenzylammonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are particularly preferably exemplified because they are easily available, have good thermal stability, and have high solubility in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
To obtain a sufficient dyeing property-improving effect, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid is added to polyisophthaloyl-m-phenylenediamine
Figure BDA0003558179280000039
The salt content is preferably 2.5 mol% or more, and preferably 3.0 to 7.0 mol%.
In addition, poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid
Figure BDA00035581792800000310
The salt can be mixed by dissolving polyisophthaloyl metaphenylene diamine in solvent and then mixing alkylbenzene sulfonic acid
Figure BDA00035581792800000311
A method of dissolving a salt in the solvent, and the like. The spinning dope thus obtained is formed into fibers by a known method.
In order to improve dyeability, discoloration/fading resistance, and the like, the polymer used in the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber may be copolymerized as a third component with an aromatic diamine component or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid halide component different from the main constituent unit of the repeating structure in the aromatic polyamide skeleton comprising the repeating structural unit represented by the following formula (1) so as to be 1 to 10 mol% with respect to the total amount of the repeating structural units of the aromatic polyamide.
- (NH-Ar 1-NH-CO-Ar 1-CO) -. formula (1)
Ar1 is a divalent aromatic group having a bonding group other than in the meta-coordinate or parallel axis directions.
The third component may be an aromatic diamine or an aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichloride represented by the following formulas (2), (3), (4) and (5).
Specific examples of the aromatic diamine represented by the formulae (2) and (3) include p-phenylenediamine, chlorobenzenediamine, methylbenzenediamine, acetylphenylenediamine, aminoanisidine, benzidine, bis (aminophenyl) ether, bis (aminophenyl) sulfone, diaminobenzanilide, and diaminoazobenzene. Specific examples of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichloride represented by the formulae (4) and (5) include terephthaloyl chloride, 1, 4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid dichloride, 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid dichloride, 4' -biphenyldicarbonyl dichloride, 5-chloroisophthaloyl chloride, 5-methoxyisophthaloyl chloride, bis (chlorocarbonylphenyl) ether and the like.
H2N－Ar2－NH2The type (2)
H2N－Ar2－Y－Ar2－NH2The type (3)
XOC-Ar 3-COX, formula (4)
XOC-Ar 3-Y-Ar 3-COX, formula (5)
Ar2 is a divalent aromatic group different from Ar1, Ar3 is a divalent aromatic group different from Ar1, Y is at least one atom or functional group selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and an alkylene group, and X represents a halogen atom.
In addition, the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber preferably has a crystallinity of 5 to 35% from the viewpoint of good exhaustion of the dye and easy adjustment to a target color even under a small amount of the dye, weak dyeing conditions, and the like. Further, from the viewpoint of being less likely to cause surface unevenness of the dye, having high discoloration/fading resistance, and being able to secure dimensional stability necessary for practical use, it is more preferably 15 to 25%.
In addition, the residual solvent content of the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is preferably 0.1 wt% or less (preferably 0.001 to 0.1 wt%) from the viewpoint of not impairing excellent flame retardancy of the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is preferably spun-dyed meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber described in, for example, wo 2013/061901 pamphlet, from the viewpoint of obtaining excellent light fastness. Examples of the pigment used in this case include organic pigments such as azo-based, phthalocyanine-based, perinone-based, perylene-based and anthraquinone-based pigments, and inorganic pigments such as carbon black, ultramarine, red iron oxide, titanium oxide and iron oxide.
The method for mixing the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide and the pigment is exemplified by the following method: a method of preparing an amide solvent slurry in which a pigment is uniformly dispersed in an amide solvent, and adding the amide solvent slurry to a solution in which a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide is dissolved in an amide solvent; or a method of directly adding the pigment powder to a solution in which the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide is dissolved in an amide solvent.
The amount of the pigment blended is 10.0 wt% or less, preferably 5.0 wt% or less, based on the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide. If the amount of the additive is more than 10.0% by weight, the physical properties of the obtained fiber may be deteriorated.
As the polymerization method of the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide polymer, for example, solution polymerization and interfacial polymerization methods described in JP-B-35-14399, U.S. Pat. No. 3360595, JP-B-47-10863 and the like can be used.
The spinning solution may be an amide solvent solution containing an aromatic copolyamide polymer obtained by the above solution polymerization, interfacial polymerization, or the like, or a solution obtained by separating the polymer from the above polymerization solution and dissolving the polymer in an amide solvent, or the like.
Examples of the amide solvent used in the polymerization include N, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and dimethylsulfoxide.
The obtained copolymerized aromatic polyamide polymer solution is preferably stabilized by further containing an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt, and can be used at a higher concentration and a lower temperature. The alkali metal salt or alkaline earth metal salt is preferably 1 wt% or less, more preferably 0.1 wt% or less, based on the total weight of the polymer solution. In this case, a flame retardant is preferably contained.
The spinning and coagulation step spins the obtained spinning solution (meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide polymer solution or dope dyed meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide polymer solution) into a coagulation solution and coagulates it.
The spinning device is not particularly limited, and a known wet spinning device can be used. Further, as long as wet spinning can be stably performed, there is no need to particularly limit the number of spinning holes, arrangement state, hole shape, and the like of the spinning nozzle, and for example, a porous spinning nozzle for short fibers (スフ) having 1000 to 30000 holes and a spinning hole diameter of 0.05 to 0.2mm, or the like can be used.
The temperature at which the spinning solution (meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide polymer solution) obtained as described above is spun from the spinning nozzle is preferably in the range of 20 to 90 ℃.
The coagulation bath used for obtaining the fiber is carried out with an amide solvent substantially not containing an inorganic salt. Particularly, it is preferable to use an aqueous solution of 45 to 60 wt% of NMP at a bath temperature of 10 to 50 ℃. When the concentration of the amide solvent (preferably NMP) is less than 45% by weight, there is a risk that: the skin has a thick structure, and the washing efficiency in the washing step is lowered, making it difficult to reduce the amount of residual solvent in the fibers. On the other hand, when the concentration of the amide solvent (preferably NMP) exceeds 60 wt%, uniform coagulation cannot be performed until the inside of the fiber, and therefore it is difficult to reduce the amount of the residual solvent in the fiber. The immersion time of the fiber in the coagulation bath is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 30 seconds.
The stretching is performed in an amide solvent. Particularly preferably, the stretching is performed at a stretching ratio of 3 to 4 times in a plasticizing and stretching bath in which an aqueous solution of NMP has a concentration of 45 to 60 wt% and the temperature of the bath is set to a range of 10 to 50 ℃. After stretching, the sheet is sufficiently washed by passing through an aqueous solution having a NMP concentration of 20 to 40 wt% at 10 to 30 ℃ and then through a warm water bath at 50 to 70 ℃.
The washed fiber is subjected to dry heat treatment at a temperature of 270 to 290 ℃ to obtain a meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber satisfying the above ranges of crystallinity and residual solvent amount.
By the above method, the crystallinity and the amount of the residual solvent can be set to the above preferable ranges.
The meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber may be a long fiber (multifilament) or a short fiber. In the case of blending with other fibers, the fiber length is preferably short fibers of 25 to 200mm, and the single fiber fineness is more preferably in the range of 1 to 5 dtex.
Further, if the meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is contained in the fabric as a mixed spun yarn with the para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber and/or the oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber, the strength of the fabric is improved, which is preferable.
In this case, the para-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber is more preferably a p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber or a copoly-p-phenylene-3, 4' -oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber.
In the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention, the flame-retardant fiber is preferably contained in an amount of 80 wt% or more (more preferably 100 wt%) based on the weight of the fabric of the flame-retardant fabric.
As the fiber used in the present invention, multifilament (long fiber) and spun yarn obtained by blending the above fibers are preferably used. In particular, from the viewpoint of functionality, spun yarn is preferable. In this case, the count generally used for clothing, for example, the count of cotton of english style is preferably 20 to 60. The spun yarn may be used as a single yarn or may be used after being twisted.
The flame-resistant cloth of the present invention is preferably a knitted fabric because it is required to have stretchability, flexibility, and air permeability that can follow deformation when sitting on. Such knitted fabric may be a warp knitted fabric, but is preferably a circular knitted fabric (weft knitted fabric).
Further, for vehicle and aircraft applications, light weight is required, and further, heat insulation is required, and therefore, the thickness is preferably large. From the above viewpoint, a double-sided knitted fabric is preferable. The method for producing such a double-knit fabric may be a known method, and is preferably produced by a circular knitting machine.
The structure of the double-sided knitted fabric is preferably a rib structure (double-sided knitting) as a general structure, but may be a rib structure, a reversible knitting, or a modified structure thereof. In order to improve the heat insulation property, a structure having irregularities is also preferably used.
From the viewpoint of ensuring flame retardancy, the fabric is preferably subjected to a knitting process (or a weaving process) and then the finish oil and wax are removed. The washing process by a conventional method is particularly preferred.
In order to ensure the aesthetic quality of the seat, the seat is preferably colored in a dark color, and is preferably dyed with a pigment stock solution such as black or navy, or dyed with a carrier agent. Further, various other processes for imparting functions such as an antiperspirant, a water repellent, a heat storage agent, an antistatic agent, an antibacterial agent, a deodorant, an insect repellent, an anti-mosquito agent, a light storage agent, and a retroreflective agent may be added.
In the flameproof fabric obtained in this way, it is important that the stiffness specified in JIS L1096 (2010) method a (45 ° cantilever method) is 95mm or less (preferably 10 to 80mm, more preferably 30 to 60mm) in the warp direction or the weft direction. Particularly, the stiffness in the warp direction and the weft direction (the wale direction and the course direction) is preferably 95mm or less (preferably 10 to 80mm, more preferably 30 to 60 mm). If the stiffness in the warp and weft directions is more than 95mm, there is a risk that the flame-resistant cloth is hard and thus the comfort and the formability are deteriorated.
In the flame-resistant cloth of the present invention, the weight per unit area is preferably 400g/m from the viewpoint of lightweight2The following (preferably 200 to 400 g/m)2) Within the range of (1). The thickness is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mm. In addition, for comfort, the air permeability is preferably 90cm3/cm2Sec or more (more preferably 100 to 300 cm)3/cm2Sec). It is preferable that the elongation is 8% or more under the conditions of a reticle pitch of 200mm and a constant load of 4.9N according to JIS 1096(2010) D method (constant load method) slitting measurement method, and that the elongation is 8% or more according to JIS L1096 (2010) E method (constant load method)Load method) and a tensile elastic modulus of 70% or more under a constant load of 0.89N and a repeated load of 1 time. From the viewpoint of securing the strength when seated, the rupture strength is preferably 1000kPa or more (more preferably 1000 to 3000kPa) as measured by JIS L1096 (2010) method a (allen method).
When the fire-resistant cloth is exposed from the seam when sewn as a chair, the cloth is preferably dark in color, i.e., low in brightness, and is preferably 30 or less (more preferably 5 to 25) as L in JIS Z8781-4, in order to maintain an excellent appearance.
Further, since durability in flame exposure is required as the refractory cloth, in a contact flame opening test (No. あき test test) in which the time until carbonization cracking is measured when a burner flame at about 1100 ℃ to 1200 ℃ is contacted, it is preferably 100 seconds or more (more preferably 200 to 1000 seconds).
The flame-retardant fabric of the present invention has the above-described structure, and is excellent in flame retardancy, flame resistance, strength, comfort, and moldability.
The above fire-resistant cloth is preferably used for seat applications. Particularly preferably, the seat is formed by sandwiching a fireproof cloth between a fabric and a cushion material. In this case, the fire-resistant cloth is preferably laminated on the fabric without using an adhesive. For example, the fire-resistant cloth is preferably sewn to the facing material.
For example, it is preferable to use the fire-resistant cloth as a seat cover backing material, coat a cushion material such as polyurethane with the fire-resistant cloth, and further coat with a seat cover material. In this case, the fabric and the fire-resistant cloth are preferably partially fixed by sewing or the like without being bonded. Thus, a comfortable seat or the like can be obtained that suppresses wrinkles caused by the difference between the stretchability of the fabric and the stretchability of the flame-resistant fabric, and that does not hinder the air permeability of the flame-resistant fabric. Such a seat is excellent in flame retardancy, heat insulation, air permeability and cushioning properties because the above-mentioned flame-resistant fabric is used.
Such a seat is suitably used for airplanes, vehicles, trains, ships, hospitals, geriatric homes, theaters, interior decorations, and the like.
Examples
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(1) Weight per unit area
Measured by JIS L1096 (2010) method A.
(2) Thickness of
Measured by JIS L1096 (2010) method A.
(3) Degree of air permeability
Measured by JIS L1096 (1990) air permeability A method (Frajour method).
(4) Strength at break
Measured by JIS L1096 (2010) method A (Marlon method).
(5) Stiffness of the sheet
Measured by JIS L1096 (2010) method a (45 ° cantilever method).
(6) Elongation percentage
The measurement was carried out according to JIS 1096(2010) D method (constant load method) slitting measurement method with a gauge line spacing of 200mm and a constant load of 4.9N.
(7) Modulus of elasticity in tension
The measurement was carried out by slitting measurement according to JIS L1096 (2010) method E (constant load method) at a constant load of 0.89N by 1 repetition of load.
(8) Wrinkle evaluation
The foamed polyurethane was molded into a shape of a seat surface, the double-sided knitted fabrics described in examples 1, 2, and 4 below were cut according to the shape, the corners of the side surfaces of the end portions of the seat surface were sewn, and the foamed polyurethane was bonded to the shape of the seat surface with a polyurethane adhesive. The leather is cut into a seat surface and a side surface shape, and sewn and fixed in accordance with the double-sided knitted fabric. And sewing the leather seat surface and the side surface of the end part of the seat surface.
The presence or absence of a fine sewing wrinkle along the seam and a large suspension wrinkle formed by the waviness of the leather itself were confirmed in the sewn portions of the seat surface and the end side surfaces of the seat surface (suspension り facing わ), and the determination was made based on the following evaluation criteria. If the shape-following property is good, wrinkles are less likely to occur even when a structure having a curved shape of a sheet is coated.
O: it was confirmed that neither sewing wrinkles nor hanging wrinkles occurred, and the results were good.
X: the generation of sewing wrinkles and hanging wrinkles was confirmed, and the defects were found.
(9) Brightness of light
L. was measured in accordance with JIS Z8781-4.
(10) Contact flame opening test
Using a heat source under the following conditions, a timer was started while a flame was applied to one double-sided knitted fabric described in the following examples, and the time until the double-sided knitted fabric was carbonized to form a through hole and the flame was observed was measured.
Bunsen burner with inner diameter of 1.1-1.2 mm
Liquefied petroleum gas as fuel
Fuel supply pressure 0.55 to 0.6MPa
The height of the flame is 13-15 cm
7cm spacing from the burner to the double knit
[ example 1]
A single yarn having 40 english cotton count was produced by a known method using the following raw materials.
(raw materials)
"meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber dope dyed short fiber": "Conex" (registered trademark) manufactured by Dichen corporation, average single fiber fineness of 1.7dtex, fiber length of 51mm (hereinafter referred to as "meta-aramid fiber")
"para-type wholly aromatic polyamide short fiber": technora (registered trademark) manufactured by Dichen corporation, average single fiber fineness of 1.7dtex, fiber length of 51mm (hereinafter referred to as para-aramid fiber)
Then, the 40 count single yarn obtained was twisted by two-side twisting 19.8 times/2.54 cm, and steam-set at 100 ℃ for 60 minutes.
The 40 double yarns were knitted with a interlock knit structure using a double jersey tubular knitting machine of 20 gauge (ゲージ) having a cylinder diameter of 30 inches (1 inch: 2.54cm) and a feed number of the cylinder and the dial of 48 yarns, and were washed, dried, cut, and heat-set by a conventional method. The obtained double-sided knitted fabric had the quality and evaluation results shown in table 1.
[ example 2]
A single yarn having 40 english cotton count was produced by a known method using the following raw materials.
(raw materials)
"meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber dope dyed short fiber": "Conex" (registered trademark) manufactured by Dichen corporation, average single fiber fineness of 1.7dtex, fiber length of 51mm (hereinafter referred to as "meta-aramid fiber")
"para-type wholly aromatic polyamide short fiber": technora (registered trademark) manufactured by Dichen corporation, average single fiber fineness of 1.7dtex, fiber length of 51mm (hereinafter referred to as para-aramid fiber)
"oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber": pyromex (registered trademark) manufactured by Diman corporation, average single fiber fineness of 2.2dtex, fiber length of 51mm
Then, the 40 count single yarn obtained was twisted by two-side twisting 19.8 times/2.54 cm, and steam-set at 100 ℃ for 60 minutes.
The 40 double yarns were knitted with a interlock knit structure using a 20-gauge circular knitting machine for double knit having a cylinder diameter of 30 inches (1 inch: 2.54cm) and feed numbers of the cylinder and the dial of 48 yarns, respectively, and were washed, dried, cut, and heat-set by a conventional method. The obtained double-sided knitted fabric had the quality and evaluation results shown in table 1.
[ example 3]
In the wrinkle evaluation of example 1, the leather was bonded to the double-sided knitted fabric over the entire surface thereof with a polyurethane adhesive without sewing, and wrinkles were evaluated. In the wrinkle evaluation, sewing wrinkles and hanging wrinkles were confirmed.
[ example 4]
A single yarn having 30 english cotton count was produced by a known method using the following raw materials.
"non-colored meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber short fiber": "Conex" (registered trademark) manufactured by Dichen corporation, average single fiber fineness of 1.7dtex, fiber length of 51mm (hereinafter referred to as "meta-aramid fiber")
The 30 single yarns were knitted with a tuck stitch (タックモック) using a 20-gauge circular knitting machine for double knit having a cylinder diameter of 30 inches (1 inch: 2.54cm) and a feed number of the cylinder and the dial of 48 yarns, respectively, and were washed, dried, cut, and heat-set by a conventional method. The obtained double-sided knitted fabric had the quality and evaluation results shown in table 1.
Figure BDA0003558179280000121
Comparative examples 1 and 2
As the m-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber, "Conex" (registered trademark) manufactured by teijin corporation, and as the flame-resistant crimped staple fiber, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber ("Pyromex" (registered trademark), 2.2dtex, 74mm) obtained by oxidizing polyacrylonitrile fiber having a weight residual ratio of 48% based on a flameless test method were used. In addition, as the thermoplastic elastic fiber, an eccentric core-sheath type composite fiber (single fiber fineness 6.6dtex) obtained as follows was used: an acid component was obtained by mixing terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid at 80/20 (mol%), 38 wt% of polybutylene terephthalate obtained by polymerizing the acid component with butanediol was further reacted with 62 wt% of polytetramethylene glycol (molecular weight 2000) by heating to obtain a block copolymerized polyether polyester elastomer, and the block copolymerized polyether polyester elastomer was spun by a conventional method so that the weight ratio of core/sheath became 50: 50, cut into 64m pieces by 2.0-fold drawing, heat-treated with 95 ℃ warm water to reduce shrinkage and develop curl, and dried to give an oil agent.
70 wt% of matrix fiber (meta-type wholly aromatic polyamide fiber: oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber ═ 1: 0.2) and 30 wt% of thermoplastic elastic fiber were mixed by a carding machine to obtain a web. The cotton nets were overlapped and placed in a flat plate type mold to have a thickness of 10cm, and heat-treated at 200 ℃ for 10 minutes. Two grades were made varying the number of sheets of fleece. The properties and evaluation results of the obtained web are shown in table 2. From the viewpoint of rupture strength, comparative examples 1 and 2 are both insufficient.
[ Table 2]
Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
Weight per unit area g/m2 300 450
Degree of air permeability cm3/cm2·sec 110 90
Strength at break kPa 500 700
Stiffness of the sheet mm 100 100
Elongation percentage ％ 30 30
Modulus of elasticity in tension ％ 80 80
Wrinkle evaluation ○ ○
L* 30 30
Contact flame aperturing sec Over 300 Over 300
Industrial applicability
According to the present invention, there are provided a flame-resistant cloth and a seat excellent in flame retardancy, flame resistance, strength, comfort and moldability, which are industrially extremely valuable.

Claims (11)

1. A flameproof fabric characterized by comprising a flameproof fiber having an LOI of 26 or more according to JIS L1091(1999) E-2 method, and having a stiffness of 95mm or less in the warp direction or the weft direction as defined in JIS L1096 (2010) A method, i.e., 45-degree cantilever method.
2. The flame resistant cloth of claim 1, wherein the flame resistant cloth has a circular knit structure.
3. The flame-resistant cloth according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flame-resistant cloth is composed of a double-knit fabric.
4. The flame-resistant cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flame-resistant fiber includes a meta-aramid fiber, a para-aramid fiber, and/or an oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber.
5. The flameproof fabric as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the weight per unit area is 400g/m2The following.
6. The flameproof fabric of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the gas permeability is 90cm3/cm2Sec or more.
7. The flameproof fabric according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the elongation is 8% or more under the condition of a constant load of 4.9N at a reticle pitch of 200mm according to JIS 1096(2010) D method slitting measurement, and the tensile elastic modulus is 70% or more under the condition of a constant load of 0.89N repeated 1 time according to JIS L1096 (2010) E method slitting measurement.
8. The flameproof fabric according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the breaking strength is 1000kPa or more according to JIS L1096 (2010) method A, namely, the Mullen method.
9. A seat comprising the flame-retardant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8 sandwiched between a fabric and a cushion material.
10. The seat according to claim 9, wherein the flame-resistant cloth is sewn to the fabric.
11. The seat according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the seat is used for an airplane, a vehicle, a train, a ship, a hospital, an elderly home, a theater, or interior decoration.
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