CN114414607A - 一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法,包括如下步骤:步骤(1)、选择水稻植物材料的剑叶中部用锋利的刀片切下,将剑叶的叶片切下的放入装有预冷的2.5%戊二醛固定液的EP管中固定过夜,得到叶片样品;步骤(2)、准备50%、70%、85%、95%、100%的乙醇溶液,将叶片样品置于离心管,依次用50%、70%、85%、95%的乙醇溶液分别脱水30 min,最后用100%乙醇脱水3次;步骤(3)、将干燥好的叶片样品黏贴于载物台上,然后进行喷金处理;步骤(4)、将叶片样品放入扫描电镜中,进行观察及拍照;步骤(5)、叶表面毛状体密度等于一定面积内的毛状体个数除以该面积。通过本发明,方法简便,便于科学研究与实际生产,效率高,重复性好,准确度高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法,具体为利用扫描电镜观察水稻叶片表面毛状体的方法,属于生物技术领域。
背景技术
植物表皮毛(trichome)是由植物表皮细胞发育形成的一种具有特殊结构的毛状附属物。不同类型的植物表皮毛除了在植物分类和鉴定方面有一定的参考价值,在植物生长发育过程中也起到了不可替代的作用,可以提高植物对不良环境、生物侵害和机械损伤的抗性。植物表皮毛有腺性和非腺性之分,腺毛(glandular trichome)可以合成、分泌或储存多种次生代谢产物,具有一定的经济和药用价值,例如在青蒿的腺毛中合成的青蒿素是治疗疟疾的主要成分;虽然非腺毛(non-glandular trichome)不具备合成和储存次级代谢产物的能力,然而部分非腺毛可以起到物理屏障的作用,抵御害虫的侵害,表现一定的抗虫性,例如棉花的非腺毛(棉纤维) 在抵抗棉铃象鼻虫Anthonomus grandis等害虫时起重要作用;水稻表皮毛会刺伤咀嚼式口器害虫稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis的食道。
水稻叶片表面普遍存在表皮毛,可分为长毛、微毛和腺毛,长毛主要分布在维管束的硅质细胞上,而微毛和腺毛主要分布在气孔或运动细胞的周围。不同类型的表皮毛在一定程度上反映了水稻品种与其生存环境的适应关系,影响水稻与周围环境的互作。
目前关于水稻叶片表皮毛的研究无论国内外都比较少,大多数集中于表皮毛的起始发育阶段,而对于其功能的研究尚未进行。而在其他植物中,如番茄、拟南芥中的研究相对比较透彻,揭示了表皮毛的抗虫功能。因此,对于我国未来的“绿色防控”来说,建立水稻表皮毛观察的方法是很有必要的,对于水稻植株抗虫性的提升有重要的应用价值和指导意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足建立利用扫描电镜进行水稻表皮毛观察的方法,提供一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现:一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法,其特征是,包括如下步骤:
步骤(1)、准备水稻植物材料,选择水稻植物材料的剑叶中部用锋利的刀片切下,将剑叶的叶片切下的放入装有预冷的2.5 %戊二醛固定液的EP管中固定过夜,得到叶片样品;
步骤(2)、样品梯度脱水:准备50 %、70 %、85 %、95 %、100 %的乙醇溶液,将叶片样品置于离心管,依次用50 %、70 %、85 %、95 %的乙醇溶液分别脱水30 min(即,先用50 %的乙醇溶液脱水30 min,然后用70 %的乙醇溶液脱水30 min,然后用85 %的乙醇溶液脱水30min,然后用95 %的乙醇溶液脱水30 min),最后用100 %乙醇脱水3次;
步骤(3)、将干燥好的叶片样品黏贴于载物台上,然后进行喷金处理;
步骤(4)、将处理好的叶片样品放入扫描电镜中,进行观察及拍照;
步骤(5)、计算表皮毛密度:叶片样品的叶表面毛状体密度等于一定面积内的毛状体个数除以该面积。
所述水稻植物材料是野生型水稻中花11(Zhong Hua 11)。
本发明方法先进科学,通过本发明,针对目前水稻表皮毛观察的相关技术,提供一种利用扫描电镜观察水稻表皮毛并测定表皮毛密度的方法,与现有技术相比,本发明的优点是:
1、方法简便,便于科学研究与实际生产,效率高,重复性好,准确度高。
2、实验过程中所使用的试剂少且无毒,环保安全,运行成本低。
对于我国未来的“绿色防控”来说,水稻表皮毛观察的方法有助于探究其在抗虫功能中的作用,对于我国水稻植株抗虫性的发展有重要的应用价值和指导意义。
附图说明
图1为野生型水稻中花11水稻叶片表面扫描电镜照片(200X);
图2为野生型水稻中花11水稻表皮毛照片(500X),图左为钩毛,图右为刺毛;
图3为野生型水稻中花11水稻腺毛照片(1500X)。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供了利用扫描电镜进行水稻表皮毛观察的方法,包括如下步骤:
a.选择水稻剑叶中部用锋利的刀片切下,将叶片切下的放入装有预冷的2.5 % 戊二醛固定液的EP管中固定过夜,得到叶片样品;
b.样品梯度脱水:准备50 %、70 %、85 %、95 %、100 %的乙醇溶液,将叶片样品置于离心管,依次用50 %、70 %、85 %、95 %的乙醇溶液分别脱水30 min,最后用100 %乙醇脱水3次;
c.将干燥好的叶片样品黏贴于载物台上,然后进行喷金处理;
d.将处理好的叶片样品放入扫描电镜中,进行观察及拍照。
e.计算表皮毛密度:叶表面毛状体密度等于一定面积内的毛状体个数除以该面积。
Claims (2)
1.一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法,其特征是,包括如下步骤:
步骤(1)、准备水稻植物材料,选择水稻植物材料的剑叶中部用锋利的刀片切下,将剑叶的叶片切下的放入装有预冷的2.5 %戊二醛固定液的EP管中固定过夜,得到叶片样品;
步骤(2)、样品梯度脱水:准备50 %、70 %、85 %、95 %、100 %的乙醇溶液,将叶片样品置于离心管,依次用50 %、70 %、85 %、95 %的乙醇溶液分别脱水30 min,最后用100 %乙醇脱水3次,每次10min;
步骤(3)、将干燥好的叶片样品黏贴于载物台上,然后进行喷金处理;
步骤(4)、将处理好的叶片样品放入扫描电镜中,进行观察及拍照;
步骤(5)、计算表皮毛密度:叶片样品的叶表面毛状体密度等于一定面积内的毛状体个数除以该面积。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种水稻叶片表皮毛观察的方法,其特征是,所述水稻植物材料是野生型水稻中花11(Zhong Hua 11)。
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CN103760000A (zh) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-30 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | 一种油棕叶片扫描电镜样品制备方法 |
CN104374626A (zh) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-02-25 | 刘永英 | 一种藓类植物扫描电镜观察材料及其制备方法 |
CN110199708A (zh) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-06 | 杭州师范大学 | 一种检测水稻叶片中叶绿体经光处理后分布情况的方法 |
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