CN114410030A - 一种pvc薄膜材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ca].[Zn] IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCC QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BTWLSZLCUIXOIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;styrene Chemical compound C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BTWLSZLCUIXOIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/26—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2423/28—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with halogens or halogen-containing compounds
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2453/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2453/02—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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Abstract
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域，具体涉及一种PVC薄膜材料及其制备方法。PVC薄膜材料包括如下重量组分：50‑60份聚氯乙烯树脂、2‑4份氯化聚乙烯、4‑6份乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物、5‑15份增韧材料、5‑9份增塑剂、3‑15份填料、1‑3份抗静电剂、3.5‑4份脂肪酸锌钙稳定剂、0.2‑0.5份紫外线吸收剂、5‑12份亚磷酸酯辅助稳定剂及5‑10份环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂稳定剂；其中增塑剂由质量比为2：3‑3：2的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和磷酸三甲苯酯组成，增韧材料是SEBS或SBS。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域，具体涉及一种PVC薄膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂中加入增塑剂、稳定剂、润滑剂等功能性加工助剂，经压延制成膜。这种薄膜保温性、透光性好，柔软易造型，适合作为温室、大棚及中小棚的外覆盖材料。其缺点是：薄膜比重低，成本较高；耐候性差，低温下变硬脆化，高温下易软化松驰；助剂析出后，膜面吸尘，影响透光；残膜不可降解和燃烧处理。
发明内容
为了增加聚氯乙烯薄膜的耐温性能，保证四季通用，本申请用韧性材料和耐老化助剂改性聚氯乙烯，具体提供一种PVC薄膜材料及其制备方法。
为了实现本发明目的，所采用的技术方案为：
一种PVC薄膜材料，包括如下重量组分：50-60份聚氯乙烯树脂、2-4份氯化聚乙烯、4-6份乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、5-15份增韧材料、5-9份增塑剂、3-15份填料、1-3份抗静电剂、3.5-4份脂肪酸锌钙稳定剂、0.2-0.5份紫外线吸收剂、5-12份亚磷酸酯辅助稳定剂及5-10份环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂稳定剂；
其中增塑剂由质量比为2：3-3：2的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和磷酸三甲苯酯组成；
其中增韧材料是SEBS或SBS(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)。SEBS是以聚苯乙烯为末端段，以聚丁二烯加氢得到的乙烯-丁烯共聚物为中间弹性嵌段的线性三嵌共聚物，英文全称Styrene Ethylene Butylene Styrene，简称SEBS。SEBS不含不饱和双键，因此具有良好的稳定性和耐老化性。
进一步的，填料为硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理过的碳酸钙。
上述PVC薄膜材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备聚氯乙烯改性材料：预塑化：将聚氯乙烯树脂和增塑剂混合，在100-120℃的烘箱中搅拌，使增塑剂完全被聚氯乙烯树脂吸收；
再将预塑化后的聚氯乙烯树脂、氯化聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、增韧材料、增塑剂、填料、抗静电剂、脂肪酸锌钙稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、亚磷酸酯辅助稳定剂、环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂稳定剂按照一定重量比在高混机中充分混合，然后在双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，水冷，干燥，备用，控制螺杆各段温度，保证聚氯乙烯不分解；
(2)制备聚氯乙烯薄膜材料：将造好的聚氯乙烯粒子放入单螺杆挤出机料斗，温度不超过165℃，挤出物料熔体，再经过流涎机制得PVC薄膜材料。
进一步的，步骤(1)中挤出机各段温度为：一区90℃，二区110℃，三区130℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区150℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，机头160℃。
进一步的，步骤(1)中混合温度为常温，混合时间为5-10min，转速为30-40r/min。
由于采用了上述的措施，制备了聚氯乙烯薄膜材料。这种薄膜材料，具有良好的综合性能，厚度一般为0.08-0.2mm，可基于优良的力学性能、耐温性、耐老化、卫生性和良好的环境效应，在包装、医学、玩具、食品、饮料、电器、医药、日用品、化妆品、轻工五金等领域发挥重要作用。
具体实施方式
本发明不局限于下列具体实施方式，本领域一般技术人员根据本发明公开的内容，可以采用其他多种具体实施方式实施本发明的，或者凡是采用本发明的设计结构和思路，做简单变化或更改的，都落入本发明的保护范围。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
本发明下面结合实施例作进一步详述：以下实施例薄膜厚度约为0.1mm。实施例1(以下份数均为重量份)
材料配方为:
聚氯乙烯树脂54份,氯化聚乙烯3份,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物4份,SEBS 8份、增塑剂9份(其中乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和磷酸三甲苯酯分别为3.8份，5.2份),填料(硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理过的碳酸钙)3份,抗静电剂1份，热稳定剂(脂肪酸锌钙)3.5份，紫外线吸收剂(三嗪-5)0.5份，亚磷酸酯7份，环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂7份。
工艺：
制备聚氯乙烯改性材料：预塑化：将配方中的聚氯乙烯和增塑剂混合，在100℃的烘箱中搅拌，使增塑剂完全被聚氯乙烯吸收；
再将聚氯乙烯树脂、氯化聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、SEBS、填料、稳定剂、抗静电剂、耐老化剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂按照一定重量比在高混机中混合8min，常温，转速35r/min。然后在双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，水冷，干燥，备用。控制螺杆各段温度，保证聚氯乙烯不分解。
所述挤出机各段温度为：一区90℃，二区110℃，三区130℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区150℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，机头160℃。
制备聚氯乙烯薄膜材料：将造好的聚氯乙烯粒子放入单螺杆挤出机料斗，温度不超过165℃，挤出物料熔体，再经过流涎机制备聚氯乙烯薄膜。
制得材料。测得聚氯乙烯薄膜透光率92％。拉伸屈服强度27.5MPa，断裂伸长率700％，撕裂强度91KN/m，表面电阻100Ω/□，表面张力3.8×10-2N/m，耐候达到18个月。
实施例2(以下份数均为重量份)
材料配方为:
聚氯乙烯61份,氯化聚乙烯3份,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5份,SBS 5份、增塑剂8份(其中乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和磷酸三甲苯酯分别为3，5份),填料(硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理过的碳酸钙，目数2500目)3份,抗静电剂1份，热稳定剂(脂肪酸锌钙)3.5份，紫外线吸收剂(三嗪-5)0.5份，亚磷酸酯5份，环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂5份。
工艺：
制备聚氯乙烯改性材料：预塑化：将配方中的聚氯乙烯和增塑剂混合，在110℃的烘箱中搅拌，使增塑剂完全被聚氯乙烯吸收；
再将聚氯乙烯树脂、氯化聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、SBS、填料、稳定剂、抗静电剂、耐老化剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂按照一定重量比在高混机中混合10min，常温，转速38r/min。然后在双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，水冷，干燥，备用。控制螺杆各段温度，保证聚氯乙烯不分解。
所述挤出机各段温度为：一区90℃，二区110℃，三区130℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区150℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，机头160℃。
制备聚氯乙烯薄膜材料：将造好的聚氯乙烯粒子放入单螺杆挤出机料斗，温度不超过165℃，挤出物料熔体，再经过流涎机制备聚氯乙烯薄膜。
制得材料。测得聚氯乙烯薄膜透光率91％。拉伸屈服强度29MPa，断裂伸长率750％，撕裂强度90KN/m，表面电阻105Ω/□，表面张力3.9×10-2N/m，耐候达到18个月。
实施例3(以下份数均为重量份)
材料配方为:
聚氯乙烯59份,氯化聚乙烯3份,乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物5份,SEBS 5份、增塑剂6份(其中乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和磷酸三甲苯酯分别为2.5，3.5份),填料(硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理过的云母份，目数3000目)4.5份,抗静电剂1份，热稳定剂(脂肪酸锌钙)4份，紫外线吸收剂(三嗪-5)0.5份，亚磷酸酯6份，环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂5份。
工艺：
制备聚氯乙烯改性材料：将聚氯乙烯树脂、氯化聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、AS材料、增塑剂、填料、稳定剂、抗静电剂、耐老化剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂按照一定重量比在高混机中混合10min，常温，转速40r/min。然后在双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，水冷，干燥，备用。控制螺杆各段温度，保证聚氯乙烯不分解。
所述挤出机各段温度为：一区90℃，二区110℃，三区130℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区150℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，机头160℃。
制备聚氯乙烯薄膜材料：将造好的聚氯乙烯粒子放入单螺杆挤出机料斗，温度不超过165℃，挤出物料熔体，再经过流涎机制备聚氯乙烯薄膜。
制得材料。测得聚氯乙烯薄膜透光率90％。拉伸屈服强度30MPa，断裂伸长率720％，撕裂强度93KN/m，表面电阻107Ω/□，表面张力3.9×10-2N/m，耐候达到19个月。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种PVC薄膜材料，其特征在于：包括如下重量组分：50-60份聚氯乙烯树脂、2-4份氯化聚乙烯、4-6份乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、5-15份增韧材料、5-9份增塑剂、3-15份填料、1-3份抗静电剂、3.5-4份脂肪酸锌钙稳定剂、0.2-0.5份紫外线吸收剂、5-12份亚磷酸酯辅助稳定剂及5-10份环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂稳定剂；
其中增塑剂由质量比为2：3-3：2的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯和磷酸三甲苯酯组成；
其中增韧材料是SEBS或SBS。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PVC薄膜材料，其特征在于：填料为硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理过的碳酸钙。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的PVC薄膜材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
(1)制备聚氯乙烯改性材料：预塑化：将聚氯乙烯树脂和增塑剂混合，在100-120℃的烘箱中搅拌，使增塑剂完全被聚氯乙烯树脂吸收；
再将预塑化后的聚氯乙烯树脂、氯化聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、增韧材料、增塑剂、填料、抗静电剂、脂肪酸锌钙稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、亚磷酸酯辅助稳定剂、环氧脂肪酸钙锌皂稳定剂按照一定重量比在高混机中充分混合，然后在双螺杆挤出机中挤出造粒，水冷，干燥，备用，控制螺杆各段温度，保证聚氯乙烯不分解；
(2)制备聚氯乙烯薄膜材料：将造好的聚氯乙烯粒子放入单螺杆挤出机料斗，温度不超过165℃，挤出物料熔体，再经过流涎机制得PVC薄膜材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的PVC薄膜材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中挤出机各段温度为：一区90℃，二区110℃，三区130℃，四区140℃，五区150℃，六区150℃，七区160℃，八区160℃，九区160℃，机头160℃。
5.根据权利要求3所述的PVC薄膜材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)中混合温度为常温，混合时间为5-10min，转速为30-40r/min。
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