CN114402743B - Treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine - Google Patents

Treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine Download PDF

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CN114402743B
CN114402743B CN202210038410.XA CN202210038410A CN114402743B CN 114402743 B CN114402743 B CN 114402743B CN 202210038410 A CN202210038410 A CN 202210038410A CN 114402743 B CN114402743 B CN 114402743B
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seeds
stirring
sorghum
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CN114402743A (en
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刘一灵
李振华
董帅
伍雨
张民
李振国
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Guizhou University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
    • C09D1/06—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances cement
    • C09D1/08—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances cement with organic additives

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine, which comprises the following raw material components: 35 to 40 parts of vermiculite powder, 40 to 50 parts of talcum powder, 410 to 15 parts of CaSO, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 1 to 2 parts of ground phosphate rock, 0.2 to 0.3 part of 8 percent ascorbic acid, 0.1 to 0.2 part of borax, 0.02 to 0.04 part of 5 percent amino-oligosaccharin, 0.01 to 0.03 part of color paste, 0.01 to 0.03 part of titanium dioxide and 0.02 to 0.04 part of edible pigment. The treatment method for deep sowing of the sorghum seeds for wine can obviously improve the germination index, the vitality index and the emergence rate; meanwhile, the sowing depth is obviously improved to 5-7 cm, so that the root system is developed, the root system is deeply distributed, the seedlings are strong, the drought resistance and lodging resistance are obviously enhanced, and the yield is obviously improved.

Description

Treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine, belonging to the technical field of deep sowing of sorghum seeds.
Background
Sorghum is an economic crop with wide application, can be eaten, fed or brewed, and is planted in most areas of China. However, the seeds are small, the topsoil capability is poor, and the emergence rate is remarkably reduced particularly in cohesive soil. Before sowing, seed processing is carried out, such as: grading, initiating, coating, pelleting and the like, and is beneficial to improving the seed vigor and the field emergence rate.
In the prior art, coating and pelleting are already applied to sorghum seed pre-sowing treatment, although the effects of improving the emergence rate, enhancing the stress resistance and the like can be achieved to a certain extent, the method is only suitable for shallow sowing, the sowing depth is about 2-3 cm, the roots are not developed after seedling emergence, the lodging resistance is weak, the drought resistance is poor, the growth after seedling emergence is influenced, and further the yield is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine, which can ensure that the sowing depth of the sorghum seeds reaches 5-7 cm, the root system is developed, the root system distribution is deep, the seedlings are strong, the drought resistance and lodging resistance are obviously enhanced, and the yield is obviously improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine comprises the following raw material components: 35 to 40 parts of vermiculite powder, 40 to 50 parts of talcum powder, 410 to 15 parts of CaSO, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 1 to 2 parts of ground phosphate rock, 0.2 to 0.3 part of 8 percent ascorbic acid, 0.1 to 0.2 part of borax, 0.02 to 0.04 part of 5 percent amino-oligosaccharin, 0.01 to 0.03 part of color paste, 0.01 to 0.03 part of titanium dioxide and 0.02 to 0.04 part of edible pigment.
The fineness of the vermiculite powder, the talcum powder, the CaSO4, the sodium carboxymethyl starch and the phosphate rock powder is more than 300 meshes.
The sorghum seeds are treated by the treatment agent, so that the germination index, the vitality index and the emergence rate can be obviously improved; meanwhile, the sowing depth is obviously improved to 5-7 cm, so that the root system is developed, the root system is deeply distributed, the seedlings are strong, the drought resistance and lodging resistance are obviously enhanced, and the yield is obviously improved.
If the conventional coating or pelleting is adopted to treat the sorghum seeds, the sowing depth can only be about 2-3 cm, and if the sowing depth is continuously increased, the emergence rate is obviously reduced.
The treatment method for deep sowing of the sorghum seeds for wine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) The sorghum seeds and the treating agent are stirred and mixed under the condition that the stirring speed is 10-35 r/min, and the thickness of the treating agent on the sorghum seeds is 0.35-1.50 mm;
2) Baking the seeds obtained in the step 1) for 35-45 minutes at the temperature of 35-45 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
In the step 1), when the step 1) is carried out, the thickness of the treating agent is 0.35-0.65 mm when the thin-shell pelleting treatment is carried out; when the pelleting treatment is carried out, the thickness of the treating agent is 0.80-1.50 mm; before the treating agent is added, the treating agent is sprayed by a spray gun for 20-30 seconds to moisten the seeds.
In order to further improve the integrity of the seeds and simultaneously improve the stress resistance and the soil-covering capability of the seeds, the step 1) comprises the following steps:
1.1 Vermiculite powder, talcum powder, caSO4, sodium carboxymethyl starch and powdered rock phosphate are uniformly mixed to be used as inner layer materials;
1.2 Spraying sorghum seeds, stirring and mixing with the inner layer material, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, and stirring until 75-90% of the treating agent on the seeds reaches the specified thickness.
The inner layer material mainly serves as an isolating layer and stress resistance; borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid have the effects of sterilization, disinfection and insect prevention, can prevent invasion of exogenous microorganisms and insect pests during deep-sowing for a long time in the germination and seedling development processes, and can provide nutrition for the late germination period and the early development period of seedlings, so that the seeds and seedlings can absorb nutrition and energy substances in soil; the addition of the color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment can effectively prevent the powder layer from falling off and improve the appearance, and simultaneously, after the color paste, the titanium dioxide and the edible pigment are compounded with the inner layer material, the borax, the 5% amino-oligosaccharin and the 8% ascorbic acid, the effect of increasing the germination capacity of the seeds at 18 +/-5 ℃ is achieved, the low-temperature invasion in the seed germination process is favorably ensured, and as the seed germination and the seedling top soil capacity are increased, the nutritional ingredients are increased, the insect resistance, the disease resistance and the freezing prevention are increased, and the seeds can also break the soil and emerge in the deep soil.
When the shell pelleting treatment is carried out, the step 1.2) is as follows: pouring the sorghum seeds into a coating and pelleting machine with the model H5610, adjusting the rotating speed to be 25 +/-2 r/min, and spraying for 20-30 seconds by a spray gun after all the seeds do not roll along the wall to moisten the seeds; then reducing the rotating speed to 13 +/-2 r/min, adding the inner layer material, stirring and mixing for 3-5 minutes under the condition that the stirring speed is 13 +/-2 r/min, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring for 2-3 minutes under the condition of 11 +/-2 r/min, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, stirring under the condition of 11 +/-2 r/min until 80-90% of the treating agent on the seeds reaches the specified thickness.
When the pelletization treatment is carried out, the step 1.2) is: pouring the sorghum seeds into a coating and pelleting machine of the model H5610, adjusting the rotating speed to 28 +/-2 r/min, and spraying for 20-30 seconds by a spray gun after all the seeds do not roll along the wall to moisten the seeds; adding the inner layer material, stirring and mixing for 15-20 minutes under the condition that the stirring speed is 32 +/-2 r/min, adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring for 2-3 minutes under the condition of 32 +/-2 r/min, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, stirring under the condition of 32 +/-2 r/min until 75-90% of the treating agent on the seeds reaches the specified thickness.
And (3) filling the screened seeds into a self-sealing bag, marking, and storing in a room-temperature drying environment.
The treatment method for deep sowing of the sorghum seeds for wine can be suitable for various soil qualities, and the preferable sowing soil is lime soil or yellow soil.
The prior art is referred to in the art for techniques not mentioned in the present invention.
The treatment method for deep sowing of the sorghum seeds for wine can obviously improve the germination index, the vitality index and the emergence rate; meanwhile, the sowing depth is obviously improved to 5-7 cm, so that the root system is developed, the root system is deeply distributed, the seedlings are strong, the drought resistance and lodging resistance are obviously enhanced, and the yield is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a naked seed (A), a market powder pelleted seed (B) and a pelleted seed (C) in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the emergence of 25 days of bare seed (A) in lime soil, pelleted seed (B) as market dust, and pelleted seed (C) in example 1 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The material used in the test is sorghum red tassel seeds, which is provided by Guizhou red tassel agricultural science and technology development limited;
the raw material composition of the treating agent used in example 1-2 included: vermiculite powder (38.5%), talcum powder (46.0%), caSO 4 (12.5 percent), sodium carboxymethyl starch (1 percent), phosphate rock powder (1.5 percent), 8 percent of ascorbic acid (0.25 percent), borax (0.15 percent), 5 percent of amino-oligosaccharin (0.03 percent), color paste (0.02 percent), titanium dioxide (0.02 percent) and edible pigment (0.03 percent), wherein the percentages are mass percent.
Vermiculite powder, talcum powder and CaSO 4 The fineness of the sodium carboxymethyl starch and the fineness of the ground phosphate rock are all more than 300 meshes.
Vermiculite powder is purchased from a processing factory of Hebei Yanxi mineral products; the talcum powder is purchased from Guilin Guiguang Talc development Co Ltd; caSO 4 Purchased from Hubei Meiji Gypsum products, inc.; sodium carboxymethyl starch was purchased from Huainan mountain river pharmaceutic adjuvant, inc.; powdered rock phosphate and 8% ascorbic acid were purchased from kuiyang city Huaxi maoye plant Sufeng agent factory; borax was purchased from Israel Hapu chemical industries, inc.; 5% of the amino-oligosaccharins were purchased from high-tech, agro-gac, ltd, in the south China Hainan Zhengye; color paste and titanium dioxide were purchased from Jiangsu Runkai science and technology ltd; the edible pigment is purchased from Shanghai dye research institute Co., ltd;
example 1
A treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine comprises the following steps:
1. uniformly mixing vermiculite powder, talcum powder, caSO4, sodium carboxymethyl starch and powdered rock phosphate to obtain an inner layer material;
2. pouring sorghum seeds into a coating and pelleting machine of a model H5610, adjusting the rotating speed to 28r/min, and spraying for 25 seconds by a spray gun after all the seeds do not roll along the wall to moisten the seeds; adding the inner layer material, stirring and mixing for 15 minutes under the condition that the stirring speed is 32r/min, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring for 3 minutes under the condition of 32r/min, and finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, stirring under the condition of 32r/min until 80% of treating agents on the seeds reach 1-1.2 mm;
3. taking out the seeds, drying in a dryer at 40 deg.C for 40min, cooling to room temperature, and sieving (aperture of 1.2 and 1 mm).
Example 2
A treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine comprises the following steps:
1. vermiculite powder, talcum powder and CaSO 4 Uniformly mixing the sodium carboxymethyl starch and the ground phosphate rock to obtain an inner layer material;
2. pouring sorghum seeds into a coating and pelleting machine of a model H5610, adjusting the rotating speed to 25r/min, and spraying for 25 seconds by a spray gun after all the seeds do not roll along the wall to moisten the seeds; then reducing the rotating speed to 12r/min, adding the inner layer material, stirring and mixing for 5 minutes under the condition that the stirring speed is 12r/min, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring for 3 minutes under the condition of 12r/min, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, stirring under the condition of 12r/min until 85% of treating agents on seeds reach 0.4-0.5 mm;
3. taking out the seeds, drying in a dryer at 40 deg.C for 40min, cooling to room temperature, and sieving (aperture of 0.4mm and 0.5 mm).
Comparative example 1
The market powder pelleted seed (yunnan seed industry science and technology limited) was purchased, and as shown in fig. 1, it is apparent from fig. 1 that the seed obtained in example 1 is more mellow and uniform.
The seeds obtained in the above examples were subjected to the following experiments:
pot experiment:
the test is carried out in the test field of tobacco institute of Guizhou university in the open air of 4 months, 3 soils are respectively placed in flowerpots of 45 x 45cm and placed in the open air in a completely random mode. Respectively selecting 20 seeds, respectively sowing in different soil types (lime soil, yellow soil and peat soil) by adopting different sowing depths (3 cm, 5cm, 7cm and 9 cm), setting 3 times of repetition, taking the average value, counting the first seedling emergence data after sowing for 20 days, and recording once every 4 days.
Emergence rate: the emergence rate of the potted plants is counted 20 days after the seedlings are sowed, based on the ejection of the germs from the soil surface, and is shown in table 1.
Figure BDA0003469275110000041
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003469275110000051
And (3) field test:
the above examples were used for field tests, and five parallel test fields were set for each example, and the average value was obtained, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 emergence of sorghum seeds from Red tassel in each case in the field (depth of sowing 5 cm)
Figure BDA0003469275110000061

Claims (7)

1. A treatment method for deep sowing of sorghum seeds for wine is characterized in that: the raw material components of the used treating agent comprise: 35 to 40 parts of vermiculite powder, 40 to 50 parts of talcum powder and CaSO 4 10 to 15 parts, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 1 to 2 parts of powdered rock phosphate, 0.2 to 0.3 part of 8% ascorbic acid, 0.1 to 0.2 part of borax, 0.02 to 0.04 part of 5% amino-oligosaccharin, 0.01 to 0.03 part of color paste, 0.01 to 0.03 part of titanium dioxide and 0.02 to 0.04 part of edible pigment, wherein the parts are in parts by mass;
the processing method comprises the following steps:
1) The sorghum seeds and the treating agent are stirred and mixed under the condition that the stirring speed is 10 to 35r/min, the thickness of the treating agent on the sorghum seeds is 0.35 to 1.50mm, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
1.1 Vermiculite powder, talcum powder and CaSO 4 Uniformly mixing the sodium carboxymethyl starch and the ground phosphate rock to obtain an inner layer material;
1.2 Spraying sorghum seeds, stirring and mixing with the inner layer material, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuing stirring, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, and stirring until 75-90% of the treating agent on the seeds reaches the specified thickness;
2) Baking the seeds obtained in the step 1) for 35-45 minutes at the temperature of 35-45 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and sieving.
2. The method for treating sorghum liquor seed for deep-sowing according to claim 1, wherein: vermiculite powder, talcum powder and CaSO 4 The fineness of the sodium carboxymethyl starch and the fineness of the ground phosphate rock are all more than 300 meshes.
3. The method for treating sorghum liquor seed for deep-sowing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step 1), when the thin-shell pelleting treatment is carried out, the thickness of the treating agent is 0.35-0.65 mm; when the pelleting treatment is carried out, the thickness of the treating agent is 0.80-1.50 mm; before the treating agent is added, spraying for 20 to 30 seconds by using a spray gun to wet the seeds.
4. The method for treating sorghum liquor seed for deep-sowing according to claim 3, wherein: when the shell pelleting treatment is carried out, the step 1.2) is as follows: pouring sorghum seeds into a coating and pelleting machine with the model H5610, adjusting the rotating speed to be 25 +/-2 r/min, and spraying for 20 to 30 seconds by using a spray gun after all the seeds do not roll along the wall to moisten the seeds; then reducing the rotating speed to 13 +/-2 r/min, adding the inner layer material, stirring and mixing for 3 to 5 minutes under the condition that the stirring speed is 13 +/-2 r/min, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring for 2 to 3 minutes under the condition of 11 +/-2 r/min, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, stirring under the condition of 11 +/-2 r/min, and till 80 to 90% of the treating agent on the seeds reaches the specified thickness.
5. The method for treating sorghum liquor seed for deep-sowing according to claim 3, wherein: when the pelletization treatment is carried out, the step 1.2) is as follows: pouring sorghum seeds into a coating and pelleting machine of a model H5610, adjusting the rotating speed to 28 +/-2 r/min, and spraying by a spray gun for 20 to 30 seconds after all the seeds do not roll along the wall to moisten the seeds; adding the inner layer material, stirring and mixing for 15 to 20 minutes under the condition that the stirring speed is 32 +/-2 r/min, then adding borax, 5% amino-oligosaccharin and 8% ascorbic acid, continuously stirring for 2 to 3 minutes under the condition of 32 +/-2 r/min, finally adding color paste, titanium dioxide and edible pigment, stirring under the condition of 32 +/-2 r/min until 75 to 90% of the treating agent on the seeds reaches the specified thickness.
6. The method for treating sorghum liquor seed for deep-sowing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the sowing depth of the seeds treated by the treating agent is 5-7 cm.
7. The method for treating sorghum liquor seed for deep-sowing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the sowing soil of the seeds obtained in the step 2) is lime soil or yellow soil.
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CN102577701B (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-11-13 浙江大学 Preparation method and inspection method for fluorescent magnetic powder dual anti-counterfeiting pelleted seeds
CN102577702A (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-07-18 浙江大学 Method for producing fluorescent magnetic powder dual anti-counterfeiting pelleted seed, pelleted seed and detection method
CN103392412B (en) * 2013-07-12 2016-04-13 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 A kind of pelletized method of sorghum seeds
CN105027747A (en) * 2015-09-21 2015-11-11 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所 Pelletized millet seeds and preparation method thereof
CN110169234A (en) * 2019-07-01 2019-08-27 宁波西敦医药包衣科技有限公司 A kind of vegetable seeds dry coating process

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