CN114388955A - Cylindrical battery fixing support and hybrid battery thermal management method - Google Patents
Cylindrical battery fixing support and hybrid battery thermal management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114388955A CN114388955A CN202210027011.3A CN202210027011A CN114388955A CN 114388955 A CN114388955 A CN 114388955A CN 202210027011 A CN202210027011 A CN 202210027011A CN 114388955 A CN114388955 A CN 114388955A
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 223
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 107
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cylindrical battery fixing support and a hybrid battery heat management method, relates to a cylindrical power battery heat management scheme, and belongs to the technical field of power battery heat management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power battery thermal management, in particular to a battery fixing support for a cylindrical battery thermal management system, and particularly relates to a cylindrical battery fixing support and a hybrid battery thermal management method.
Background
Lithium ion batteries are sensitive to temperature, and too high or too low a temperature can cause performance degradation and even thermal runaway. In addition, the non-uniform temperature distribution causes a large difference in the state of charge, capacity, and the like of the battery module, resulting in a reduction in the battery pack utilization rate and life. This requires the introduction of a battery thermal management system to ensure that the lithium ion battery operates within a safe temperature range. The battery thermal management system is one of key technologies for solving battery thermal related problems and ensuring safe and efficient operation of the power battery. The battery thermal management system can be divided into an active thermal management system (air cooling, liquid cooling and the like) and a passive thermal management system (phase change materials, phase change microcapsules, heat pipes and the like) and the combination of the modes. Nowadays, a conventional battery thermal management system can control the working temperature of a power lithium ion battery to be between 15 ℃ and 35 ℃ in the conventional charging and discharging process, and the temperature difference is controlled to be within 5 ℃. In order to further improve the safety performance of the power lithium ion battery, researchers hope to control the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery pack within 3 ℃. The reason for causing the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery mainly comes from two aspects, on one hand, the heat generation rate of the lithium ion battery monomer is unevenly distributed, and on the other hand, the heat transfer temperature difference of the heat exchange medium of the battery heat management system along the way is caused. At present, the battery thermal management system proposed by researchers often ignores the influence of the battery support, and in fact, the battery support plays a role in positioning and supporting and is an indispensable part in the battery module. For a cylindrical lithium ion battery, a plastic support made of an insulating ABS material is usually adopted in the technology, the material has low heat conductivity coefficient and poor heat dissipation effect, the existence of the plastic support can certainly reduce the heat management effect, and the influence of a fixed support on the temperature difference of the battery is very important and is an important factor which cannot be ignored absolutely. Although the mainstream liquid cooling heat management system has good heat exchange performance, the single liquid cooling heat management system is very complex by considering the temperature difference between the lithium ion battery pack and the single battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a hybrid battery thermal management method aiming at the problem of axial temperature difference of a battery caused by a cylindrical battery fixing support.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a cylindrical battery fixing support and a hybrid battery thermal management method comprise a battery module consisting of a plurality of cylindrical batteries, and are characterized in that the top and the bottom of the battery module are respectively provided with an upper fixing support and a lower fixing support, four corners of the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support are provided with through holes along the axial direction, and the through holes at the four corners of the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support are provided with airflow channels along the radial direction;
the upper part and the lower part of the cylindrical battery are provided with air cooling modules, the air cooling modules are provided with an airflow air inlet main pipeline, the end part of the airflow air inlet main pipeline is provided with an airflow air inlet main pipeline inlet, the airflow air inlet main pipeline is communicated with a distributed air jet pipe, the end part of the distributed air jet pipe is provided with an axial throttling hole, and the side surface of the distributed air jet pipe is provided with a radial throttling hole;
the battery module is also provided with a liquid cooling module, the liquid cooling module comprises a liquid inlet main pipeline and a liquid outlet main pipeline, and the liquid inlet main pipeline and the liquid outlet main pipeline are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the battery module; one end of the liquid inlet main pipeline is an inlet of the liquid inlet main pipeline, and one end of the liquid outlet main pipeline is an outlet of the liquid outlet main pipeline; the cooling liquid enters through the inlet of the liquid inlet main pipe, exchanges heat with the battery through the liquid cooling module and then flows out through the outlet of the liquid outlet main pipe;
the liquid cooling device is characterized in that a gas jet pipe, a liquid inlet distribution pipe and a liquid outlet distribution pipe are arranged in through holes at four corners of the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support, the gas jet pipe is a simple airflow channel, the liquid inlet distribution pipe and the liquid outlet distribution pipe are of a sleeve structure and are provided with airflow and liquid flow channels which are mutually independent, the liquid inlet distribution pipe is connected with a liquid inlet main pipeline, the liquid flow channel inside the liquid inlet distribution pipe is a liquid inlet channel, the liquid outlet distribution pipe is connected with a liquid outlet main pipeline, the liquid flow channel inside the liquid outlet distribution pipe is a liquid outlet channel, radial jet holes are arranged on the side surfaces of the gas jet pipe, the liquid inlet distribution pipe and the liquid outlet distribution pipe, airflow carries out jet impact heat exchange on the cylindrical battery through the radial jet holes and the airflow channels at four corners of the fixing support, and liquid cooling unit inlets of the liquid cooling distribution pipe are flowed into the liquid cooling unit inlets through the radial distribution holes on the liquid cooling distribution pipe, then flows into the main liquid outlet pipe from the radial distribution holes on the liquid outlet distribution pipe and flows out from the outlet of the main liquid outlet pipe; the inlet and outlet of the main gas inlet pipeline are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted air conditioner heating/cooling system, and the inlet and outlet of the main liquid inlet pipeline are respectively connected with the vehicle-mounted heating/cooling system.
Furthermore, the liquid cooling module adopts one or two liquid cooling units aiming at the cylindrical battery, and the liquid cooling unit comprises a double-layer jacket, a buckle, and a liquid cooling unit inlet and a liquid cooling unit outlet which are arranged at the two sides of the buckle; liquid flow enters from the inlet of the liquid cooling unit, then flows out from the outlet of the liquid cooling unit after being baffled from the upper end of the double-layer jacket, and the liquid cooling unit is attached to the side surface of the cylindrical battery; when two liquid cooling units are adopted, the two liquid cooling units are respectively arranged along the axial symmetry.
Further, the main liquid inlet pipe is connected with a liquid flow inlet of the liquid inlet distribution pipe, and the main liquid outlet pipe is connected with a liquid flow outlet of the liquid outlet distribution pipe; liquid flow enters the liquid inlet main pipe through the inlet of the liquid inlet main pipe and then flows into the liquid inlet distribution pipe liquid flow inlets of the liquid inlet distribution pipes, then flows through the double-layer jacket cavities through the inlet of the liquid cooling unit to carry out convective heat transfer on the side surfaces of the batteries, converges to the liquid outlet distribution pipes from the outlets of the liquid cooling unit, and then flows out from the outlets of the liquid outlet main pipes of the liquid outlet main pipe; the battery module is provided with the air outlet, and gaseous heat transfer medium gets into from the main pipeline entry that admits air of air current, strikes the heat transfer through distributing type axial orifice and radial orifice to battery module top and bottom and support and battery clearance, flows out from the air outlet of battery module afterwards.
Further, the inlet of the liquid inlet main pipeline and the outlet of the liquid outlet main pipeline are positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the battery module; the air flow main air inlet pipe is located right below the bottom of the cylindrical battery or right above the top of the cylindrical battery, or simultaneously located right below the bottom of the cylindrical battery or right above the top of the cylindrical battery, and the number of the axial throttling holes and the number of the radial throttling holes are single or multiple.
Further, the cylindrical battery is a lithium ion battery or other secondary batteries.
A cylindrical battery fixing bracket and a hybrid battery thermal management method are characterized in that the thermal management method comprises a hybrid thermal management cooperation scheme of air impact jet flow and liquid flow; the coolant or the heat medium of the liquid cooling module is connected with the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system, and the coolant or the heat medium of the liquid cooling module flows through the jacket cavity to carry out indirect convection heat exchange with the side face of the battery so as to take away the heat on the side face of the battery; simultaneously, along battery axis direction in cylindrical battery positive pole top, below or be provided with the forced air cooling module in the top and below simultaneously, the entry of the feed liquor trunk line in the forced air cooling module, feed liquor trunk line entry links to each other with on-vehicle air conditioner heating and cooling system promptly, be provided with the orifice on the air distribution pipe, the air is followed the air current and is admitted into in the trunk line entry, carry out the efflux through distributing type axial orifice and radial orifice and strike the heat transfer to battery top and bottom, thereby take away battery top and bottom heat, reduce single lithium ion battery's temperature nonconformity.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is also arranged in the battery module and is connected with a battery management system; when the temperature of the battery is higher than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and introduce a coolant medium, and the coolant medium in the air cooling module and the liquid cooling module carries away heat generated by the battery through forced convection, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced; when the temperature of the battery is lower than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and introduce a heating medium, the heating medium in the air cooling module and the liquid cooling module carries out forced convection to heat the battery, and the temperature of the battery is increased so as to control the working temperature range of the battery; the inlet temperature of the main gas heat exchange medium inlet pipeline and the temperature of the liquid heat exchange medium inlet can be set to be the same value or different values.
The beneficial effects of the invention and the prior art are as follows:
the invention provides a fixing support for cylindrical battery thermal management based on the fact that the fixing support and a lithium ion battery are usually in clearance fit. According to the mode, on one hand, the material of a conventional fixing support can be reduced, the weight of the fixing support is reduced, on the other hand, the adverse effect on the heat dissipation brought by the fixing support can be reduced, and the temperature consistency of the lithium ion battery is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a typical cylindrical battery module and a fixing bracket;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid thermal management unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing a structure of a fixing bracket with an air flow passage according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a layout view of thermal management units of different fixed bracket radii in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates the maximum temperature and temperature differential of the battery under different battery thermal management in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the structure of a fixing bracket provided with a plurality of rows of air flow passages according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a thermal management unit of the present invention employing a different mounting bracket;
FIG. 8 shows the maximum temperature and temperature variation of the lithium ion battery using different fixing brackets according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of two different hybrid battery thermal management devices of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of maximum temperature and temperature differential for lithium ion batteries under thermal management of two different hybrid batteries in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows the maximum temperature and temperature differential of a lithium ion battery according to the present invention at different inlet and outlet temperatures;
FIG. 12 shows the maximum temperature and temperature differential of the lithium ion battery along the axis for different inlet and outlet temperatures of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an active hybrid battery thermal management device of the present invention;
wherein, 1-cylindrical battery, 2-upper fixed support, 3-lower fixed support, 4-air cooling module, 5-airflow inlet main pipe, 6-distributed air jet pipe, 7-airflow inlet main pipe inlet, 8 axial orifice, 9-radial orifice, 10-liquid cooling module, 11-liquid inlet main pipe, 12-liquid outlet main pipe, 13-liquid inlet main pipe inlet, 14-liquid outlet main pipe outlet, 15-gas jet pipe, 16-liquid inlet distribution pipe, 17-liquid outlet distribution pipe, 18-radial jet hole, 19-radial distribution hole, 20-liquid outlet distribution pipe liquid outlet, 21-liquid inlet distribution pipe liquid inlet, 22-double-layer jacket, 23-buckle, 24-liquid cooling unit inlet, 25-liquid cooling unit outlet, 26-liquid cooling unit, 27-throttling aperture, 28-airflow channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a typical cylindrical battery module is formed by splicing battery cells arranged in order in rows and columns through fixing brackets, wherein the battery cells mainly include cylindrical batteries, an upper fixing bracket and a lower fixing bracket, and the cylindrical batteries are located between the upper fixing bracket and the lower fixing bracket. From the perspective of thermal management, the fixed bolster can lead to liquid cooling thermal management to be difficult to effectively cover cylindrical battery just, negative pole tip region, causes lithium ion battery monomer along axis direction temperature inconsistent, is transition fit between fixed bolster and the battery usually, has certain clearance between them, if sets up the air current passageway on the fixed bolster, introduces the heat transfer difficult problem that the impact jet heat transfer mode should have the effect to adjust well, negative pole tip region. Meanwhile, certain space exists above and below the battery module, and the air cooling air supply pipeline or the liquid cooling liquid supply pipeline is arranged in the area, so that the space utilization rate of the battery module can be improved. The active hybrid battery thermal management method provided by the invention is as shown in fig. 13, wherein a liquid cooling unit is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of a cylindrical battery, and air cooling modules 4 are arranged above and below a battery module, so that the synergistic effect is realized when liquid cooling and air cooling are combined.
The battery module top and bottom be provided with fixed bolster 2 and lower fixed bolster 3 respectively, the four corners of going up fixed bolster 2 and lower fixed bolster 3 is equipped with along axial direction's through-hole, goes up fixed bolster 2 and 3 four corners through-holes of lower fixed bolster simultaneously and radially is provided with airflow channel. Cylindrical battery 1 upper portion and lower part be provided with air-cooled module 4, air-cooled module 4 be provided with the air current trunk line 5 that admits air, the tip that the air current trunk line 5 that admits air is provided with the air current trunk line entry 7 that admits air, the air current trunk line 5 that admits air communicates with distributed air jet pipe 6, 6 tip of distributed air jet pipe set up axial orifice 8, 6 sides of distributed air jet pipe set up radial orifice 9.
The battery module is also provided with a liquid cooling module 10, and the liquid cooling module 10 comprises a liquid inlet main pipe 11 and a liquid outlet main pipe 12; the end part of the main liquid inlet pipe 11 is provided with an inlet 13 of the main liquid inlet pipe, and the end part of the main liquid outlet pipe 12 is provided with an outlet 14 of the main liquid outlet pipe. Cooling liquid enters through an inlet 13 of a main liquid inlet pipe, exchanges heat with a battery through a liquid cooling module 10 and then flows out through an outlet 14 of a main liquid outlet pipe;
the gas jet pipe 15, the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16 and the liquid outlet distribution pipe 17 are arranged in the through holes at four corners of the upper fixing support 2 and the lower fixing support 3, the gas jet pipe 15 is a simple airflow channel, the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16 and the liquid outlet distribution pipe 17 are of a sleeve structure and have airflow and liquid flow channels which are mutually independent, the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16 is connected with the liquid inlet main pipeline 11, the liquid flow channel inside the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16 is a liquid inlet channel, the liquid outlet distribution pipe 17 is connected with the liquid outlet main pipeline 12, the liquid flow channel inside the liquid outlet distribution pipe 17 is a liquid outlet channel, the side surfaces of the gas jet pipe 15, the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16 and the liquid outlet distribution pipe 17 are all provided with radial jet holes 18, airflow passes through the airflow channels at four corners of the fixing support through the radial jet holes 18 to carry out jet impact heat exchange on the cylindrical battery, and liquid flows enter through the liquid inlet 21 of the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16, the liquid flows into the liquid cooling unit inlet 24 of the liquid cooling unit 26 through the radial distribution holes 19 on the liquid inlet distribution pipe 16, then flows into the main liquid outlet pipe 12 from the radial distribution holes 19 on the liquid outlet distribution pipe 17, and flows out from the main liquid outlet pipe outlet 14; the inlet 7 and the outlet of the air inlet main pipeline are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted air conditioner heating/cooling system, and the inlet 13 and the outlet 14 of the liquid inlet main pipeline are respectively connected with the vehicle-mounted heating/cooling system.
Example 1
To further explain the active hybrid battery thermal management scheme, a battery thermal management structure is selected for description, as shown in fig. 2. Mainly include cylindrical battery 1, go up fixed bolster 2, lower fixed bolster 3, gas jet pipe 15, liquid cooling unit 26 etc. wherein liquid cooling unit 26 mainly includes double-deck jacket 22 and buckle 23. The liquid cooling unit 26 is divided into upper and lower two parts, the double-layer jacket 22 can be made of aluminum, and the buckle 23 can be made of rubber.
When the temperature of the battery is lower than a reasonable temperature range, the heat medium fluid medium enters from the inlets of the buckles 23 and flows out from the outlets of the buckles. For the upper side liquid cooling unit, a heat medium liquid medium enters the inner layer of the jacket from the bottom buckle to flow from bottom to top, flows from top to bottom after being baffled by the top buckle and then flows out from the outlet of the bottom buckle, and the heat medium liquid medium exchanges heat with the battery to take away the heat of the battery in the process of flowing from bottom to top in the inner layer of the jacket; for the liquid cooling unit on the lower side, a heat medium liquid medium enters the outer layer of the jacket from the bottom buckle, flows from top to bottom after being baffled by the top buckle and then flows out from the outlet of the bottom buckle, and the heat medium liquid medium exchanges heat with the battery to take away the heat of the battery in the process of flowing from top to bottom in the inner layer of the jacket; simultaneously, the heat medium gas medium enters from the inlet of the air distribution pipe, and is heated in the corresponding areas of the lithium ion battery, the upper fixing support and the lower fixing support after passing through the throttling hole, and then flows out along the outlets around the battery module. When the temperature of the battery is higher than a reasonable temperature range, the refrigerant liquid medium enters from the inlets of the main liquid heat exchange medium pipelines and flows out from the outlets after exchanging heat with the lithium ion battery in the flowing process. Refrigerant gas medium gets into from air distribution pipe entry, carries out the efflux to lithium ion battery top and bottom and strikes the heat transfer, exports outflow around following battery module afterwards.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment 2 is a fixing bracket with an airflow channel. The through holes are formed in four corners of the fixing support, a plurality of airflow channels are arranged in the through holes along the radial direction, inner holes of the fixing support are larger than those of the lithium ion battery, and certain gaps exist among the inner holes. When the inner diameters of the fixing brackets are respectively 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm and 9.4mm, the lithium ion battery thermal management unit is as shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen that as the inner diameter of the fixing bracket gradually increases, the gap between the fixing bracket and the battery gradually increases. Under certain simplified conditions, the mass flow rate at the cooling liquid inlet is 3 multiplied by 10-4The maximum temperature rise and temperature difference curves of the lithium ion battery under a conventional fixed support with an inner diameter of 9.1mm (labeled hybrid thermal management-Case 1), an inner diameter of 9.2mm (labeled hybrid thermal management-Case 2) and an inner diameter of 9.3mm (labeled hybrid thermal management-Case 3) at kg/s and an air inlet flow rate of 3m/s are shown in fig. 5, compared with the pure liquid cooling heat management scheme of the conventional fixed support, the hybrid heat management scheme provided by the invention can effectively reduce the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the lithium ion battery, the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the lithium ion battery are in a rising trend along with the increase of the inner diameter of the fixed support, this can be attributed to the fact that an increase in the inner diameter of the stationary support leads to an increase in the gap between the stationary support and the battery, which in turn causes a decrease in the nussel number of the air jets impacting the heat exchange surface.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, in order to increase the heat convection area of the air jet impact heat exchange, more throttling small holes 27 can be formed in the circumferential direction of the inner diameter of the fixed support. The air inlets of the small throttling holes are formed in the side faces of the through holes in the four corners of the fixing support, and an air flow channel 28 is arranged in the fixing support. Two fixing support structures are shown in fig. 7, one fixing support structure is provided with four rows of throttling small holes along the circumferential direction as shown in fig. 7 (a), and the other fixing support structure is provided with eight rows of throttling small holes along the circumferential direction as shown in fig. 7 (b). In the four-row throttle orifice arrangement (labeled CaseA) and the eight-row throttle orifice arrangement (labeled CaseB), the maximum temperature and temperature difference change curves of the lithium ion battery at the air inlet speed of 3m/s and 4m/s are shown in FIG. 8, and it can be seen that the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the lithium ion battery are inversely increased along with the increase of the number of rows of throttle orifices, which is mainly due to the decrease of the pressure drop of the air flow caused by the increase of the number of rows of throttle orifices.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 9, the top and the bottom of the lithium ion battery have high temperature accumulation regions, which increases the temperature inconsistency of the lithium ion battery, and the jet air cooling is introduced to the top and the bottom of the lithium ion battery to perform jet impact heat exchange on the lithium ion battery, so as to reduce the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction. The scheme of adopting side impact jet flow air cooling and liquid cooling is shown in fig. 9 (a), and the scheme of adopting axial impact jet flow air cooling and side impact jet flow liquid cooling is shown in fig. 9 (b). Under the side impact jet air cooling + liquid cooling scheme (marked as CaseA) and the axial + side impact jet air cooling + liquid cooling scheme (marked as CaseC), the temperature rise and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery with the air inlet speed of 3ms are shown in figure 10, and it can be seen that the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery can be further reduced by introducing the axial impact jet.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 11, in the air-cooled and liquid-cooled hybrid battery thermal management scheme, the airflow inlet temperature and the coolant inlet temperature are independent, and based on this, differential inlet temperatures can be set, and the coolant inlet temperature and the air inlet temperature are set to have a certain gradient. Mass flow rate at cooling liquid inlet is 3X 10-4kg/s and an air intake flow rate of 3m/s, cooling temperatures of 25C, 25C (labeled as w _ 25C), from the front, and from 25C, 27C (labeled as w), from a front to a rear (labeled as w)(vii) 25 ℃ and w _27 ℃, the air inlet temperature is 23 ℃, 27 ℃ (labeled as w _23 ℃, the cooling inlet temperature is 25 ℃, 27 ℃ (labeled as w _25 ℃, and the variation of the maximum temperature difference of the lithium ion battery can be seen), the maximum temperature difference of the lithium ion battery is reduced to a certain degree, the temperature at the cooling inlet is 25 ℃, the temperature at the air inlet is 25 ℃, and the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the lithium ion battery are minimum. Under different coolant inlet temperatures and air inlet temperatures, temperature distribution curves of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction are shown in fig. 12, and it can be seen that the temperature uniformity of the lithium ion battery along the axial direction is the best at a coolant inlet temperature of 25 ℃ and an air inlet temperature of 25 ℃.
When the temperature of the battery is too high, the cold medium of the active hybrid battery thermal management system takes away the heat generated by the battery, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced, the hot medium of the active hybrid battery thermal management system heats the battery, and the temperature of the battery is increased so as to control the battery to be in a proper working temperature range.
The present invention is effective in dissipating heat from a battery pack having a cylindrical shape, such as 18650 type cylindrical batteries or 26650, 18490, 42110, etc., according to the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cylindrical battery fixing support and a hybrid battery thermal management method comprise a battery module consisting of a plurality of cylindrical batteries (1), and are characterized in that the top and the bottom of the battery module are respectively provided with an upper fixing support (2) and a lower fixing support (3), four corners of the upper fixing support (2) and the lower fixing support (3) are provided with through holes along the axial direction, and air flow channels are arranged in the through holes at the four corners of the upper fixing support (2) and the lower fixing support (3) along the radial direction;
the air cooling module (4) is arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the cylindrical battery (1), the air cooling module (4) is provided with an airflow air inlet main pipeline (5), an airflow air inlet main pipeline inlet (7) is arranged at the end portion of the airflow air inlet main pipeline (5), the airflow air inlet main pipeline (5) is communicated with the distributed air jet pipe (6), an axial throttling hole (8) is arranged at the end portion of the distributed air jet pipe (6), and a radial throttling hole (9) is arranged on the side face of the distributed air jet pipe (6);
the battery module is also provided with a liquid cooling module (10), the liquid cooling module (10) comprises a liquid inlet main pipeline (11) and a liquid outlet main pipeline (12), and the liquid inlet main pipeline (11) and the liquid outlet main pipeline (12) are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the battery module; one end of the main liquid inlet pipe (11) is an inlet (13) of the main liquid inlet pipe, and one end of the main liquid outlet pipe (12) is an outlet (14) of the main liquid outlet pipe; cooling liquid enters through an inlet (13) of a main liquid inlet pipe, exchanges heat with the battery through a liquid cooling module (10) and then flows out through an outlet (14) of a main liquid outlet pipe;
the device is characterized in that a gas jet pipe (15), a liquid inlet distribution pipe (16) and a liquid outlet distribution pipe (17) are arranged in four corner through holes of the upper fixing support (2) and the lower fixing support (3), the gas jet pipe (15) is a simple airflow channel, the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16) and the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17) are of a sleeve structure and are provided with airflow and liquid flow channels which are mutually independent, the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16) is connected with a liquid inlet main pipeline (11), the liquid flow channel inside the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16) is a liquid inlet channel, the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17) is connected with a liquid outlet main pipeline (12), the liquid flow channel inside the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17) is a liquid outlet channel, radial jet holes (18) are arranged on the side surfaces of the gas jet pipe (15), the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16) and the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17), and airflow carries out jet impact heat exchange on the cylindrical battery through the airflow channels at four corners of the fixing support through the radial jet holes (18), liquid flow enters through a liquid inlet (21) of a liquid inlet distribution pipe of the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16), then flows into a liquid cooling unit inlet (24) of a liquid cooling unit (26) through a radial distribution hole (19) on the liquid inlet distribution pipe (16), then flows into a main liquid outlet pipe (12) from the radial distribution hole (19) on the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17), and flows out from an outlet (14) of the main liquid outlet pipe; the air flow inlet main pipeline inlet (7) and the air outlet are respectively connected with a vehicle-mounted air conditioner heating/cooling system, and the liquid inlet main pipeline inlet (13) and the liquid outlet main pipeline outlet (14) are respectively connected with the vehicle-mounted heating/cooling system.
2. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket and the hybrid battery thermal management method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid cooling module (10) employs one or two liquid cooling units (26) for the cylindrical battery, and the liquid cooling unit (26) comprises a double-layer jacket (22), a buckle (23), and a liquid cooling unit inlet (24) and a liquid cooling unit outlet (25) on both sides of the buckle (23); liquid flow enters from the inlet (24) of the liquid cooling unit, then flows out from the outlet (25) of the liquid cooling unit after baffling from the upper end of the double-layer jacket (22), and the liquid cooling unit (26) is attached to the side surface of the cylindrical battery (1); when two liquid cooling units (26) are used, the two liquid cooling units are respectively arranged along the axial direction symmetrically.
3. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket and the hybrid battery thermal management method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main inlet pipe (11) is connected to the inlet port (21) of the inlet distribution pipe (16), and the main outlet pipe (12) is connected to the outlet port (20) of the outlet distribution pipe (17); liquid flow enters the liquid inlet main pipe (11) through the liquid inlet main pipe inlet (13) and then flows into the liquid inlet distribution pipe liquid inlet (21) of each liquid inlet distribution pipe (16), then flows through the double-layer jacket (22) cavity through the liquid cooling unit inlet (24) to perform heat convection on the side surface of the battery, and then flows together to the liquid outlet distribution pipe (17) from the liquid cooling unit outlet (25), and then flows out from the liquid outlet main pipe outlet (14) of the liquid outlet main pipe (12); the battery module is provided with the air outlet, and gaseous heat transfer medium gets into from air current main pipe entry (7) that admits air, strikes the heat transfer through distributing type axial orifice (8) and radial orifice (9) to battery module top and bottom and support and battery clearance, flows out from the air outlet of battery module afterwards.
4. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket and the hybrid battery thermal management method according to claim 1, wherein the inlet (13) of the main liquid inlet pipe and the outlet (14) of the main liquid outlet pipe are positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the battery module; the air flow air inlet main pipeline (5) is located under the bottom of the cylindrical battery (1) or above the top of the cylindrical battery (1), or simultaneously located under the bottom of the cylindrical battery or above the top of the cylindrical battery, and the number of the axial throttling holes (8) and the number of the radial throttling holes (9) are single or multiple.
5. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket and the hybrid battery thermal management method according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical battery (1) is a lithium ion battery or other secondary batteries.
6. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket and the hybrid battery thermal management method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thermal management method comprises a hybrid thermal management cooperation scheme of air impact jet flow and liquid flow; the coolant or the heat medium of the liquid cooling module (10) is connected with the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system, and the coolant or the heat medium of the liquid cooling module (10) flows through the jacket cavity (22) to carry out indirect heat convection with the side face of the battery to take away the heat on the side face of the battery; simultaneously, along battery axis direction in cylindrical battery positive pole top, below or be provided with air-cooled module (4) above and below simultaneously, the entry of feed liquor trunk line (11) in air-cooled module (4), feed liquor trunk line entry (13) link to each other with on-vehicle air conditioner heating and cooling system promptly, be provided with the orifice on the air distribution pipe, the air is admitted air trunk line entry (7) from the air current and is got into, carry out the efflux through distributed axial orifice (8) and radial orifice (9) and strike the heat transfer to battery top and bottom, thereby take away battery top and bottom heat, reduce single lithium ion battery's temperature nonconformity.
7. The cylindrical battery fixing bracket and the hybrid battery thermal management method according to claim 6, wherein a temperature sensor is further arranged inside the battery module, and the temperature sensor is connected with a battery management system; when the temperature of the battery is higher than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and introduce a coolant medium, and the coolant medium in the air cooling module (4) and the liquid cooling module (10) carries away heat generated by the battery through forced convection, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced; when the temperature of the battery is lower than a set value, the battery management system controls the vehicle-mounted cooling and heating system to work and introduce a heating medium, the heating medium in the air cooling module (4) and the liquid cooling module (10) carries out forced convection to heat the battery, and the temperature of the battery is raised so as to control the working temperature range of the battery; the inlet temperature of the main gas heat exchange medium inlet pipeline and the temperature of the liquid heat exchange medium inlet can be set to be the same value or different values.
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| CN114388955B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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